CN102304651B - Casting aluminum-silicon alloy and strengthening method thereof - Google Patents
Casting aluminum-silicon alloy and strengthening method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304651B CN102304651B CN 201110231744 CN201110231744A CN102304651B CN 102304651 B CN102304651 B CN 102304651B CN 201110231744 CN201110231744 CN 201110231744 CN 201110231744 A CN201110231744 A CN 201110231744A CN 102304651 B CN102304651 B CN 102304651B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a casting aluminum-silicon alloy. The casting aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following chemical components by weight percent: 9.0-11.0% of silicon, 3.0-5.0% of zinc, 0.4-1.0% of magnesium, 2.0-3.0% of copper, less than or equal to 0.3% of manganese and the balance of aluminum. The invention also discloses a strengthening method for casting the casting aluminum-silicon alloy. The method comprises the following steps: 1) adopting the smelting process: A) charging, B) melting and refining, C) performing modification, and D) pouring; and 2) performing heat treatment: A) performing solution treatment and performing aging treatment. By adopting the strengthening method, after the aging treatment, the number of strengthening phases can be increased and the strengthening phases with a good strengthening effect can be obtained; by adopting dispersion strengthening, the material can have higher strength and hardness than ZL108; because of the reduction of the hard and brittle silicon phase in the structure, the plasticity of the material is increased, the casting performance of the material is good and the product quality and dimensional accuracy of the casting are high. The application range of the casting aluminum-silicon alloy can be expanded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-ferrous alloy material and enhancement method, relate in particular to a kind of enhancement method of cast aluminium silicon alloy, belong to the metallic substance technical field.
Background technology
Cast Al-Si alloy is a kind of lightweight, non-ferrous alloy material that intensity is high, is widely used in the fields such as aerospace, automobile, electric power, military project, machinery.Most widely used in cast aluminium alloy is the cast aluminum-molykote composite material Si system alloy that comprises ZL108, and the series of advantages such as unit weight is little, intensity is high, cast form is good and processing characteristics is good that they have has become in the production one of the most valued structured material.But, the as cast condition mechanical property of casting Al-Si alloy is still unsatisfactory at present, although can improve its mechanical property by thermal treatment, but along with the requirement in product reliability and work-ing life is more and more higher, still can not satisfy industrial requirement, therefore people just study the as cast condition aluminum silicon alloy from each different research direction, in the hope of improving its over-all properties, such as work hardening, solution strengthening, out-phase reinforcement, dispersion-strengthened, precipitation strength, grain-boundary strengthening etc.
Zinc can enlarge the solubleness of copper in aluminium, can increase CuAl during timeliness
2The quantity of strengthening phase improves dispersion-strengthened effect.In containing the polynary aluminium alloys such as magnesium, copper, zinc is the element that forms strengthening phase, can significantly improve the mechanical property of aluminium alloy.Zinc also has the effect that improves cast aluminium alloy plasticity.But a lot of researchs all are defined as 1% to the addition of zinc in cast Al-Si alloy at present, cause the potential strengthening effect of zinc to fail to give full play to.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cast Al-Si alloy and enhancement method are provided, this cast Al-Si alloy and enhancement method utilize alloying principle, have increased the strengthening phase CuAl that separates out when timeliness
2Quantity and the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu compound that is strengthened effective reduce hard crisp phase, and the intensity and the hardness that have improved cast Al-Si alloy improve, and have certain plasticity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of cast Al-Si alloy, chemical ingredients be by weight percentage: silicon 9.0-11.0%, and zinc 3.0-5.0%, magnesium 0.4-1.0%, copper 2.0-3.0%, manganese≤0.3%, remaining is aluminium.
A kind of enhancement method of cast Al-Si alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) melting technology
A, charging
The order of charging is: aluminium silicon master alloy, and the fine aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, zinc ingot metal, wherein zinc ingot metal adds when furnace charge melts rear 660 ℃;
B, fusing and concise
After furnace charge installed, fusing heated up.After furnace charge all melted, slagging-off also added flux; When temperature reaches 680 ℃, 200-300 ℃ magnalium master alloy be will be preheating to bell jar and the certain depth place in molten bath and slowly revolution and mobile will be pressed into, the time is 3-5min; Then be warmed up to 700-730 ℃, with the refining agent C that accounts for furnace charge total mass 0.7-0.75%
2Cl
6Be pressed into refined alloy liquid in the aluminium alloy with bell jar, total time is 10-15min, slowly at the stove interior circuit minute 2-3 time; After refining is finished, leave standstill 1-2min, materials and do on-the-spot sample analysis;
C, the rotten processing
When the aluminium alloy temperature reaches 700-730 ℃, do rotten the processing with the sodium salt degeneration agent that accounts for furnace charge total mass 1.5%-2.5%, deteriorating time is 15-18min;
D, cast
Then slagging-off and stirring after rotten finishing leave standstill 5-10min.When temperature reaches 730 ℃, the cast of coming out of the stove of skimming;
2) thermal treatment
A, solution treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 520-540 ℃ of insulation, and soaking time 4-6h comes out of the stove into water cooling, and medium is 60-100 ℃ of hot water;
B, ageing treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 160-190 ℃ of insulation, soaking time 3-10h.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Cast Al-Si alloy of the present invention utilizes alloying principle, by weight percentage, by adding 3-5% zinc, increases 1-1.5% copper, reduces 2-3% silicon.Cast Al-Si alloy of the present invention has increased the solid solubility of copper in aluminium owing to added zinc, can separate out more copper-containing compound strengthening phase when timeliness, and the simultaneously adding of zinc has increased the strengthening phase CuAl that separates out when timeliness
2Quantity, can form the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu compound of strengthening effect maximum in the aluminium alloy.The content that reduces silicon helps to reduce hard crisp silicon phase, improves material plasticity.Because the zinc temperature of fusion is low, improved material flowability, the adding of zinc has been eliminated and has been reduced the possibility that material castability that silicone content brings descends, and cast Al-Si alloy intensity and hardness is improved, and have certain plasticity.The surface quality of foundry goods and dimensional precision are all higher.
Enhancement method of the present invention can obtain the strengthening phase quantity of greater amt and the effective strengthening phase that strengthened after timeliness, its dispersion-strengthened makes material have intensity and the hardness higher than ZL108, under the same as-heat-treated condition, intensity improves 11.5-25.0%, and hardness improves 27.0-38.0%.The reduction of hard crisp silicon phase has improved material plasticity in the tissue, and under heat-treat condition of the present invention, unit elongation reaches 2.6-3.2%.The material good casting property, casting product quality and dimensional precision are high; Compare with ZL108, adopt enhancement method of the present invention so that cast Al-Si alloy has larger range of application.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will advance to explain that these embodiment only provide as an example by the non-limitative illustration of following preferred embodiment.
Embodiment
Below be three embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to following three embodiment.
Cast Al-Si alloy chemical ingredients of the present invention is by weight percentage: silicon 9.0-11.0%, and zinc 3.0-5.0%, magnesium 0.4-1.0%, copper 2.0-3.0%, manganese≤0.3%, remaining is aluminium.
The enhancement method of casting cast Al-Si alloy of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) melting
A, charging
The order of charging is: aluminium silicon master alloy, and the fine aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, zinc ingot metal, wherein zinc ingot metal adds when furnace charge melts rear 660 ℃;
B, fusing and refining
After furnace charge installed, fusing heated up.After furnace charge all melted, slagging-off also added flux; When temperature reaches 680 ℃, 200-300 ℃ magnalium master alloy be will be preheating to bell jar and the certain depth place in molten bath and slowly revolution and mobile will be pressed into, the time is 3-5min; Then be warmed up to 700-730 ℃, with the refining agent C that accounts for furnace charge total mass 0.7-0.75%
2Cl
6Be pressed into refined alloy liquid in the aluminium alloy with bell jar, total time is 10-15min, slowly at the stove interior circuit minute 2-3 time; After refining is finished, leave standstill 1-2min, materials and do on-the-spot sample analysis;
C, the rotten processing
When the aluminium alloy temperature reaches 700-730 ℃, do rotten the processing with the sodium salt degeneration agent that accounts for furnace charge total mass 1.5%-2.5%, deteriorating time is 15-18min;
D, cast
Then slagging-off and stirring after rotten finishing leave standstill 5-10min.When temperature reaches 730 ℃, the cast of coming out of the stove of skimming;
2) thermal treatment
A, solution treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 520-540 ℃ of insulation, and soaking time 4-6h comes out of the stove into water cooling, and medium is 60-100 ℃ of hot water;
B, ageing treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 160-190 ℃ of insulation, soaking time 3-10h.
Material composition and the mechanical property of three embodiment of the present invention see Table 1.
The material composition of table 1 embodiment and mechanical property
Unified technique is adopted in three embodiment thermal treatments in the table 1: solution treatment: 525 ℃ of temperature, and time 6h, heat-eliminating medium are 60-100 ℃ of hot water; Ageing treatment: 180 ℃ of temperature, time 10h.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation form, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the enhancement method of a cast Al-Si alloy, chemical ingredients be by weight percentage: silicon 9.0-11.0%, and zinc 3.0-5.0%, magnesium 0.4-1.0%, copper 2.0-3.0%, manganese≤0.3%, remaining is aluminium; It is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) melting
A, charging
The order of charging is: aluminium silicon master alloy, and the fine aluminium ingot, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy, zinc ingot metal, wherein zinc ingot metal adds when furnace charge melts rear 660 ℃;
B, fusing and refining
After furnace charge installed, fusing heated up; After furnace charge all melted, slagging-off also added flux; When temperature reaches 680 ℃, 200-300 ℃ magnalium master alloy be will be preheating to bell jar and the certain depth place in molten bath and slowly revolution and mobile will be pressed into, the time is 3-5min; Then be warmed up to 700-730 ℃, with the refining agent C that accounts for furnace charge total mass 0.7-0.75%
2Cl
6Be pressed into refined alloy liquid in the aluminium alloy with bell jar, total time is l0-15min, slowly at the stove interior circuit minutes for 2-3 times; After refining is finished, leave standstill 1-2min, materials and do on-the-spot sample analysis;
C, the rotten processing
When the aluminium alloy temperature reaches 700-730 ℃, do rotten the processing with the sodium salt degeneration agent that accounts for furnace charge total mass 1.5%-2.5%, deteriorating time is 15-18min;
D, cast
Then slagging-off and stirring after rotten finishing leave standstill 5-10min; When temperature reaches 730 ℃, the cast of coming out of the stove of skimming;
2) thermal treatment
A, solution treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 520-540 ℃ of insulation, and soaking time 4-6h comes out of the stove into water cooling, and medium is 60-100 ℃ of hot water;
B, ageing treatment: the strand shove charge is warming up to 160-190 ℃ of insulation, soaking time 3-10h.
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| CN 201110231744 CN102304651B (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Casting aluminum-silicon alloy and strengthening method thereof |
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| CN102304651B true CN102304651B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102925764A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-02-13 | 山东大学 | Dual-modification method of eutectic and hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy |
| CN103334034B (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-05-25 | 宁波科达制动器制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case |
| CN105063390A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 济南大学 | Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy melt compound treatment method |
| CN106244957A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-12-21 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | The Technology for Heating Processing of AlSi7Mg aluminium alloy castings |
| CN108754250A (en) * | 2018-06-03 | 2018-11-06 | 深圳市鑫申新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of high strength die-casting aluminum alloy and its manufacturing method |
| CN109280820B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-03-26 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | High-strength aluminum alloy for additive manufacturing and preparation method of powder of high-strength aluminum alloy |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687742A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH | Die casting alloy |
| CN101018881A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2007-08-15 | 美铝公司 | An Al-Si-Mg-Zn-Cu alloy for aerospace and automotive castings |
| CN102146542A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-10 | 河南理工大学 | High-strength and high-toughness cast Al-Si-Mg alloy |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687742A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH | Die casting alloy |
| CN101018881A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2007-08-15 | 美铝公司 | An Al-Si-Mg-Zn-Cu alloy for aerospace and automotive castings |
| CN102146542A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-10 | 河南理工大学 | High-strength and high-toughness cast Al-Si-Mg alloy |
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