CN112759473A - Cultivation fertilizer for promoting growth of plant root system and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Cultivation fertilizer for promoting growth of plant root system and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112759473A CN112759473A CN202110219368.7A CN202110219368A CN112759473A CN 112759473 A CN112759473 A CN 112759473A CN 202110219368 A CN202110219368 A CN 202110219368A CN 112759473 A CN112759473 A CN 112759473A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/35—Capsules, e.g. core-shell
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant root systems and a processing method thereof. The cultivation fertilizer comprises a core, an inner shell and an outer shell; the core is a porous composite; the inner shell is iron-based hydrogel; the shell is a zeatin membrane. Has the advantages that: (1) the cultivation fertilizer capable of promoting the growth of plant roots is prepared by taking porous carboxymethyl starch loaded with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a core, coating an inner shell iron-based hydrogel and an outer shell zeatin film. (2) By utilizing the coating of the inner shell and the outer shell and the complexing action of iron ions and phosphate, the nutrient is effectively and slowly released, the utilization rate of phosphorus is increased, and the growth of plant roots is promoted. (3) By utilizing the strong coordination effect of phosphate, iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch and iron-based hydrogel, the formation of soluble Ca by the phosphate and calcium is effectively inhibited3(PO4)2Increasing the phosphorus utilization rate. (4) The arrangement of the inner shell and the outer shell reduces the reaction of the fertilizer and the air and inhibits the effectivenessThe components are lost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots and a processing method thereof.
Background
The fertilizer is indispensable in the field of vegetable cultivation, the soluble fertilizer can ensure high yield of agricultural and sideline products, but serious harm is caused to a water body while the utilization rate is reduced due to leaching of excessive nutrients, and the slow-release fertilizer can effectively improve the utilization rate and reduce environmental harm without influencing yield. The low absorption rate of phosphorus is one of the factors causing the plant to grow slower in root system and the productivity to be reduced, so that the problem that the patent is urgently needed to solve is to utilize the controlled release process, effectively reduce the release speed, increase the utilization rate of phosphorus, promote the root system to grow and improve the productivity.
In addition, there is also a problem that soluble phosphate ions coordinate with calcium ions in soil to form soluble compounds, so that the yield of crops is affected by calcium deficiency; the fertilizer is easy to react with oxygen in the air, and the effective components are reduced, so that the service life and the use efficiency of the fertilizer are reduced; meanwhile, deliquescence is easy to occur, and the granules are loosened and agglomerated, so that inconvenience is caused to the transportation and application processes.
Therefore, it is of great significance to prepare a cultivation fertilizer for promoting plant growth by solving the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots and a processing method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots comprises a core, an inner shell and an outer shell; the core is a porous composite; the inner shell is iron-based hydrogel; the shell is a zeatin membrane.
Preferably, the raw materials of the porous composite comprise the following components: 30-42 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.7-1.5 parts of amylase, 1.5-3.5 parts of amylase, 15-25 parts of ferric trichloride and 10-18 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the raw materials of the porous composite comprise the following components: the raw materials of the porous composite comprise the following components: by weight, 33 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.8 part of amylase, 2.1 parts of amylase, 23 parts of ferric trichloride and 15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the raw materials of the hydrogel comprise the following components: 22-28 parts of sodium alginate, 10-15 parts of calcium lactate and 12-18 parts of ferric trichloride by weight.
Preferably, the processing method of the cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of the plant root system comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparing porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparing iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparing a porous composite;
s2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: dissolving sodium alginate in deionized water, adding porous compound, adding calcium lactate solution, and crosslinking and curing; transferring the mixture into a ferric trichloride solution, stirring, centrifugally filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution, adding the cultivated fertilizer A, stirring, rotary drying, and forming zeatin film on the surface to obtain the cultivated fertilizer.
Preferably, in the step (2) of the step S2, the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer a to the zeatin is (1:1) - (1: 1.2).
Preferably, the specific step of step S1 is: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 300-500 rmp, adding amylase and amylase, and setting the reaction temperature to be 35-38 ℃ to react for 12-16 hours; adding 3-4 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 1-2 hours; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 20-28 hours; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
Preferably, the specific step of step S2 is: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 10-20 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking and curing; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into a ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, stirring for 20-30 minutes, centrifuging, filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion liquid, stirring for 30-40 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
Preferably, the concentration of the dispersion liquid is 4.5-5 g/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the ferric trichloride solution is 0.08-0.1M.
In the technical scheme, porous carboxymethyl starch is used as a substrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is loaded to form a core, the coated iron-based hydrogel is used as an inner shell, the coated zeatin membrane is used as an outer shell, the cultivation fertilizer capable of promoting the growth of plant roots is prepared, the fertilizer is a slow release type fertilizer, the utilization rate of phosphorus elements is as high as 65%, and the growth of the root systems can be effectively promoted. Effectively prolongs the use time of the fertilizer, reduces the application amount and reduces the environmental pollution. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the preparation principle is as follows: the porous structure of the porous carboxymethyl starch is used as a container, a high-solubility phosphorus source, namely ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, can be loaded, and before loading, iron ions are loaded in pore channels of the porous carboxymethyl starch by utilizing complexation between the iron ions and hydroxyl and carboxyl, and then the electrostatic interaction is formed by utilizing the high affinity of iron cations and phosphate group anions, so that potassium dihydrogen phosphate is effectively adsorbed; then taking the core as a core, adsorbing sodium alginate on the surface of the core by utilizing strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the sodium alginate and the carboxymethyl starch, forming hydrogel by utilizing ion exchange between calcium lactate and the sodium alginate, coating the core, and then forming an iron-based hydrogel layer by utilizing surface complexation or electrostatic adsorption of iron ions and hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups on a molecular chain of the sodium alginate, namely coating the core by using an inner shell; and then the iron ions and the zeatin film are electrostatically adsorbed, and the zeatin film is formed on the surface of the iron ions and is a shell, so that the cultivation fertilizer with the slow release effect is formed.
Wherein the porous carboxymethyl starch provides a release channel; the iron-based hydrogel layer can be dissolved in water, can be degraded, provides a nitrogen source and trace minerals as nutrient sources, is also of a network structure, and has the discharge capacity of transmitting nutrient substances and cell metabolites; the zeatin is a natural plant growth regulator and can effectively stimulate the growth and further development of plant roots; the iron ions can be beneficial to the synthesis of chlorophyll, and the complex effect between the iron ions and phosphate anions can effectively improve the release and utilization rate of phosphorus; calcium lactate can increase calcium supply, promote plant growth and promote phytic acid degradation.
The fertilizer element release process comprises the following steps: when the fertilizer meets water, the zeatin layer expands, the hydrogel layer expands, phosphate anions in the core interact with iron, and the release rate of phosphate is effectively reduced through the pore structure, the network structure of hydrogel and the two layers of shells, so that quick release is avoided; then the zeatin film is degraded in soil and acts on the roots of plants to promote growth; the hydrogel layer is degraded in soil to release nutrients, and the effect of iron ions in the shell on phosphate disappears; the carboxymethyl starch is degraded in soil to release nutrients, and the effect of iron ions on phosphate disappears. In the process, the nutrients are slowly released, and the fertilizer is completely degraded, so that the fertilizer is an environment-friendly green fertilizer.
Wherein, the resistance of the inner and outer shells and the adsorption force of iron ions effectively reduce the release speed of nutrients and increase the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus elements. In addition, (1) ferric iron released in the degradation process of the iron-based hydrogel and formed carboxylate can form photochemical reaction, release of nutrients can be promoted when the iron-based hydrogel is exposed to light, and the iron with lower content can promote the growth of the root system of plants by the fertilizer to be larger than that of the stem system and promote the synthesis of chlorophyll; (2) the calcium ions released in the degradation process of the iron-based hydrogel effectively inhibit the flowering and rotting phenomena of plants caused by the deficiency of calcium, and the reason is that soluble phosphate ions in soil are coordinated with the calcium ions to form Ca3(PO4)2Thereby causing calcium deficiency in the soil. The phosphate is released slowly in the scheme, and the phosphate has strong coordination with the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch and the iron-based hydrogel, so that the phosphate does not react with original calcium in soil. (3) The degradation rate of the inner and outer shells is increased due to the action of iron ions with phosphate and carboxylate.
In addition, the fertilizer is not easy to react with oxygen in the air in the placement process, the loss of active ingredients is effectively inhibited, the fertilizer can be stored only in a dark place without loosening and blocking, and the invariance caused by transportation and use is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention (1) prepares a cultivation fertilizer capable of promoting the growth of plant roots by using porous carboxymethyl starch loaded with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a core, coating an inner shell iron-based hydrogel and an outer shell zeatin film. (2) By utilizing the coating of the inner shell and the outer shell and the complexing action of iron ions and phosphate, the nutrient is effectively and slowly released, the utilization rate of phosphorus is increased, and the growth of plant roots is promoted. (3) By utilizing the strong coordination effect of phosphate, iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch and iron-based hydrogel, the formation of soluble Ca by the phosphate and calcium is effectively inhibited3(PO4)2Increasing the utilization rate of phosphorus. (4) The arrangement of the inner shell and the outer shell inhibits the reaction of the fertilizer and the air and reduces the loss of effective components. (5) The slow release process effectively prolongs the service life of the fertilizer, reduces the application amount and reduces the environmental pollution.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a processing method of cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant root systems comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring to a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 300rmp, adding amylase and amylase, setting the reaction temperature to be 35 ℃ and reacting for 14 hours; adding 4 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 1 hour; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 24 hr; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
S2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 10 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking and curing; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into 0.1M ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, stirring for 20 minutes, centrifugally filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: weighing raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer A to the zeatin of 1: 1; dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form 5g/L dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion, stirring for 35 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
In this example, the raw materials of the porous composite include the following components: by weight, 33 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.8 part of amylase, 2.1 parts of amylase, 23 parts of ferric trichloride and 15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the raw materials of the iron-based hydrogel comprise the following components: 26 parts of sodium alginate, 12 parts of calcium lactate and 15 parts of ferric trichloride.
Example 2:
a processing method of cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant root systems comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring to a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 300rmp, adding amylase and amylase, setting the reaction temperature to be 35 ℃ and reacting for 12 hours; adding 3 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 900rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 1 hour; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to 900rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 20 hr; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
S2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 10 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking and curing; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into 0.08M ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to 900rmp, stirring for 20 minutes, centrifugally filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: weighing raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer A to the zeatin of 1: 1; dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form 4.5g/L dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion, stirring for 30 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
In this example, the raw materials of the porous composite include the following components: 30 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.7 part of amylase, 1.5 parts of amylase, 15 parts of ferric trichloride and 10 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the raw materials of the iron-based hydrogel comprise the following components: 22 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of calcium lactate and 12 parts of ferric trichloride.
Example 3:
a processing method of cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant root systems comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring to a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 500rmp, adding amylase and amylase, setting the reaction temperature to be 38 ℃ and reacting for 16 hours; adding 4 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 2 hours; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 28 hr; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
S2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 20 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking and curing; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into 0.1M ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to be 1100rmp, stirring for 20-30 minutes, centrifuging, filtering and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: weighing raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer A to the zeatin of 1: 1.2; dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form 5g/L dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion, stirring for 40 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
In this example, the raw materials of the porous composite include the following components: 42 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 1.5 parts of amylase, 3.5 parts of amylase, 25 parts of ferric trichloride and 18 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the raw materials of the iron-based hydrogel comprise the following components: 28 parts of sodium alginate, 15 parts of calcium lactate and 18 parts of ferric trichloride by weight.
Example 4:
a processing method of cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant root systems comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 400rmp, adding amylase and amylase, setting the reaction temperature to be 36 ℃, and reacting for 12-16 hours; adding 3.5 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 1000rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 1.5 hours; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to be 1000rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 24 hr; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
S2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 15 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking and curing; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into 0.09M ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to be 1000rmp, stirring for 25 minutes, centrifugally filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: weighing raw materials according to the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer A to the zeatin of 1: 1.1; dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form 4.8g/L dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion, stirring for 35 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
In this example, the raw materials of the porous composite include the following components: 36 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 1.1 parts of amylase, 5 parts of amylase, 20 parts of ferric trichloride and 14 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the raw materials of the iron-based hydrogel comprise the following components: 25 parts of sodium alginate, 12 parts of calcium lactate and 15 parts of ferric trichloride.
Example 5: the shell was not coated and the rest was the same as in example 1;
example 6: the inner shell was not coated and the rest was the same as in example 1;
example 7: in the preparation process of the iron-based hydrogel, ferric trichloride is not added, the single hydrogel is an inner shell, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1;
example 8: the porous composite was the same as in example 1 except that ferric trichloride was not added;
experiment: the cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots in the embodiments 1 to 8 is used for cultivating soybeans, the cultivation soybeans without fertilization are used as a comparative example 9, the cultivation time is 45 days, the plant height, the root length and the chlorophyll content of the soybeans are measured, the phosphorus content in soil is measured, and the phosphorus utilization rate is obtained, and the obtained data are shown in table 1:
and (4) conclusion: the data in table 1 can be seen: the embodiments 1-4 have better performance, and the optimized scheme is embodiment 1. Comparing example 1 with comparative example 9, it can be found that the plant height of soybean seedlings is increased by 22% and the root length is increased by 20% in the example 1 of fertilizing; the utilization rate of phosphorus is improved by 45 percent. Shows that: the prepared cultivation fertilizer has the function of promoting the growth of plant roots.
Comparing the data of example 1 with example 5, it can be found that: the plant height, the root length and the phosphorus utilization rate are reduced slightly because: the zeatin is a natural plant growth regulator, can effectively stimulate the growth and further development of plant roots, and can slowly release phosphorus element due to the existence of the zeatin film, so that the utilization rate is improved.
Comparing example 1 with example 6, it can be found that: all data are reduced because the complexation of iron ions and phosphate in the inner shell of the iron-based hydrogel effectively inhibits the formation of soluble Ca by phosphate and calcium3(PO4)2The nutrient is effectively and slowly released, the utilization rate of phosphorus element is increased, the growth of plant root systems is promoted, and meanwhile, the synthesis of chlorophyll can be promoted by the existence of iron element. This can be verified in conjunction with comparative example 7.
Comparing example 1 with example 8, it can be found that: the same data are all reduced, but the reduction range is smaller because the coordination effect of the phosphate and the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch effectively releases nutrients, increases the utilization rate of phosphorus elements and promotes the growth of plant roots, and the coordination effect exists with the iron-based hydrogel. In addition, the presence of iron ions increases the degradation of the two shells.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots is characterized in that: the cultivation fertilizer comprises a core, an inner shell and an outer shell; the core is a porous composite; the inner shell is iron-based hydrogel; the shell is a zeatin membrane.
2. A cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the porous composite comprise the following components: 30-42 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.7-1.5 parts of amylase, 1.5-3.5 parts of amylase, 15-25 parts of ferric trichloride and 10-18 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. A cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the raw materials of the porous composite comprise the following components: by weight, 33 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.8 part of amylase, 2.1 parts of amylase, 23 parts of ferric trichloride and 15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. A cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the iron-based hydrogel comprise the following components: 22-28 parts of sodium alginate, 10-15 parts of calcium lactate and 12-18 parts of ferric trichloride by weight.
5. A processing method of cultivation fertilizer for promoting plant root growth is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of porous composite: (1) preparing porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparing iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparing a porous composite;
s2: preparing a cultivation fertilizer: (1) coating the inner shell: dissolving sodium alginate in deionized water, adding porous compound, adding calcium lactate solution, and crosslinking and curing; transferring the mixture into a ferric trichloride solution, stirring, centrifugally filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution, adding the cultivated fertilizer A, stirring, rotary drying, and forming zeatin film on the surface to obtain the cultivated fertilizer.
6. A method of processing a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step (2) of the step S2, the mass ratio of the cultivation fertilizer a to the zeatin is (1:1) to (1: 1.2).
7. A method of processing a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the specific steps of step S1 are: (1) preparation of porous carboxymethyl starch: sieving carboxymethyl starch, weighing according to a certain amount, and ultrasonically dispersing in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution to obtain a homogeneous solution; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 300-500 rmp, adding amylase and amylase, and setting the reaction temperature to be 35-38 ℃ to react for 12-16 hours; adding 3-4 wt% of sodium hydroxide to terminate the reaction; washing, filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain porous carboxymethyl starch; (2) preparation of iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch: ultrasonically dispersing the prepared porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, slowly adding ferric trichloride, and stirring for 1-2 hours; centrifugally filtering, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch; (3) preparation of porous composite: setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, and stirring and dispersing the prepared iron-based porous carboxymethyl starch in deionized water; adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium lactate, and stirring for 20-28 hours; and (4) centrifugally filtering and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the porous compound.
8. A method of processing a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the specific steps of step S2 are: (1) coating the inner shell: respectively dissolving sodium alginate and calcium lactate in deionized water to obtain 1 wt% sodium alginate solution and 1 wt% calcium lactate solution; adding the porous compound into a sodium alginate solution, and stirring for 10-20 minutes; adding calcium lactate solution for crosslinking; by extrusion under pressure through a screen; transferring the mixture into a ferric trichloride solution, setting the stirring speed to be 900-1100 rmp, stirring for 20-30 minutes, centrifuging, filtering, and drying to obtain a cultivated fertilizer A; (2) coating the shell: dissolving zeatin in ethanol solution to form dispersion; and (3) placing the cultivation fertilizer A into the dispersion liquid, stirring for 30-40 minutes, and carrying out rotary drying to form a zeatin film on the surface of the cultivation fertilizer A, so as to obtain the cultivation fertilizer.
9. A method of processing a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the concentration of the dispersion liquid is 4.5-5 g/L.
10. A method of processing a cultivation fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant roots as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the concentration of the ferric trichloride solution is 0.08-0.1M.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114303664A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Crape myrtle hardwood cutting propagation method |
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| CN106699483A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-24 | 张明玉 | Double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer capable of releasing negative ions and preparation method of double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer |
| CN110639477A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-03 | 华南理工大学 | Preparation method of porous starch-metal organic framework composite material |
| CN111908972A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-10 | 何志 | Slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106699483A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-24 | 张明玉 | Double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer capable of releasing negative ions and preparation method of double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer |
| CN110639477A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-03 | 华南理工大学 | Preparation method of porous starch-metal organic framework composite material |
| CN111908972A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-10 | 何志 | Slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114303664A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Crape myrtle hardwood cutting propagation method |
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