CN112753715A - Microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112753715A CN112753715A CN202110196476.7A CN202110196476A CN112753715A CN 112753715 A CN112753715 A CN 112753715A CN 202110196476 A CN202110196476 A CN 202110196476A CN 112753715 A CN112753715 A CN 112753715A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight and application thereof. The microbial preparation of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials: compound microorganism, copper sulfate and clear water. The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-99.8 parts of clear water. When the microbial preparation is applied, the microbial preparation is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surfaces near the roots of potato seedlings. The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat late blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, and improves the yield of the potatoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of potato planting, and particularly relates to a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight and application thereof.
Background
Potato late blight is a common potato disease caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de pay) and mainly damages potato stems, leaves and potato tubers. When the disease is serious, the leaves wither, shrink, the plants are black and rotten, and putrefactive odor is emitted. After the potato blocks are infected, the epidermis is brown or purple large scabs and slightly sunken, and the subcutaneous potato flesh of the affected part is brown and gradually spreads or decays all around. The late blight can cause the yield of the potatoes to be reduced by 20-40%, so that serious economic loss is caused to planting and processing enterprises of the potatoes, and the healthy development of the potato industry is damaged.
At present, the application of chemical pesticides is a main method for preventing and controlling potato late blight, but the expected prevention effect can be achieved only by applying chemical pesticides at the early stage of the late blight. Moreover, long-term application of the pesticide not only pollutes the environment and harms human health, but also causes pathogenic bacteria to generate drug resistance and reduces the control effect of the chemical pesticide.
Therefore, the microbial preparation with the biocontrol effect is developed and used for preventing and treating late blight in the potato planting process, and the microbial preparation has great significance for promoting the production of potatoes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight and application thereof, and the microbial preparation is used for preventing and treating the late blight in a potato planting process.
In one aspect, the invention provides a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight, which is characterized in that: the preparation raw materials of the microbial preparation comprise compound microbes, copper sulfate and clear water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-99.8 parts of clear water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-5.0 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.5-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-97.2 parts of clear water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.5 part of the copper sulfate and 96.0 parts of the clear water.
Preferably, the complex microorganism consists of bifidobacterium bifidum, streptococcus parvum and lactobacillus plantarum.
Preferably, the content of the bifidobacterium bifidum is more than or equal to 2.0 x 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
Preferably, the mass fractions of the components in the compound microorganism are as follows: 25-50% of bifidobacterium bifidum, 10-40% of streptococcus pumilus and 30-45% of lactobacillus plantarum.
Preferably, the mass fractions of the components in the compound microorganism are as follows: 45% of bifidobacterium bifidum, 25% of streptococcus pumilus and 30% of lactobacillus plantarum.
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the microbial preparation, and the microbial preparation is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surfaces near the roots of potato seedlings.
Preferably, the application amount of the microbial preparation is 450-750L/hm each time2。
The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat late blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, and improves the yield of the potatoes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The invention mixes the compound microorganism, copper sulfate and clean water according to a certain proportion to obtain the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight. The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat late blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, and improves the yield of the potatoes.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight is prepared from raw materials consisting of compound microorganisms, copper sulfate and clear water. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) preparing the compound microorganism. The composite microorganism consists of Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum) bacterial liquid, streptococcus parvus (Streptococcus parvus) bacterial liquid and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum) bacterial liquid, wherein the mass fractions of the three bacterial liquids are respectively: bifidobacterium bifidum 25-50%, streptococcus parvus10-40% of lactobacillus plantarum and 30-45% of lactobacillus plantarum. The three bacterial liquids can be prepared by adopting a commercially available qualified product or by the inventor, and are preferably prepared by the inventor. Firstly, respectively preparing the preserved strains of bifidobacterium bifidum, streptococcus pumilus and lactobacillus plantarum into liquid seed liquid, then respectively inoculating the liquid seed liquid into corresponding liquid fermentation culture media, and performing fermentation culture to obtain single-strain bacterial liquid. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
2) Preparing the microbial preparation. Weighing the compound microorganism, copper sulfate and clear water according to a predetermined weight ratio, adding the three raw material components into the same mixing container, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight. The weight parts of the three raw material components are respectively optimized: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-99.8 parts of clear water.
When the microbial preparation of the present invention is applied, it is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of potato seedlings. The application amount of the microbial preparation is preferably: 450 to 750L/hm at each time2。
To help better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the preparation process and application method of the microbial preparation for controlling potato late blight according to the present invention.
Example one
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consist of 0.1 part by weight of composite microorganism, 0.1 part by weight of copper sulfate and 99.8 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid and lactobacillus plantarum liquid, wherein the mass fractions of the three kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively as follows: 25% of bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, 40% of streptococcus pumilus liquid and 35% of lactobacillus plantarum liquid. The inventor prepares three single bacterial strains, namely bifidobacterium bifidum, streptococcus pumilus and lactobacillus plantarum respectivelyThe Tibetan bacteria is prepared into liquid seed liquid, and then is respectively inoculated into corresponding liquid fermentation culture media, and single bacterial liquid is obtained through fermentation culture. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, uniformly mixing bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, streptococcus pumilus liquid and lactobacillus plantarum liquid to obtain the liquid compound microorganism.
And 2, adding the compound microorganism, copper sulfate and clear water into the same mixing container, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial preparation 1.
The application method of the microbial preparation 1 comprises the following steps: in the process of planting the potatoes, the planting amount is 450L/hm each time2The microbial preparation 1 is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings.
Example two
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consist of 1.5 parts by weight of composite microorganism, 1.3 parts by weight of copper sulfate and 97.2 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid and lactobacillus plantarum liquid, wherein the mass fractions of the three kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively as follows: 35% of bifidobacterium bifidum bacterial liquid, 20% of streptococcus pumilus bacterial liquid and 45% of lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid. The inventors prepared a bifidobacterium bifidum bacterial solution, a streptococcus parvum bacterial solution and a lactobacillus plantarum bacterial solution according to the same method as in example one. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 2 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 2 comprises the following steps:during the potato planting process, the planting rate is 600L/hm each time2The microbial preparation 2 is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings.
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consisted of 3.5 parts by weight of complex microorganisms, 0.5 part by weight of copper sulfate and 96.0 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid and lactobacillus plantarum liquid, wherein the mass fractions of the three kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively as follows: 45% of bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, 25% of streptococcus pumilus liquid and 30% of lactobacillus plantarum liquid. The inventors prepared a bifidobacterium bifidum bacterial solution, a streptococcus parvum bacterial solution and a lactobacillus plantarum bacterial solution according to the same method as in example one. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 3 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 3 comprises the following steps: during the potato planting process, according to the proportion of 650L/hm each time2The microbial preparation 3 is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings.
Example four
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consist of 5.0 parts by weight of composite microorganism, 2.0 parts by weight of copper sulfate and 93.0 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium bifidum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid and lactobacillus plantarum liquid, wherein the mass fractions of the three kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively as follows: 50% of bifidobacterium bifidum bacterial liquid, 10% of streptococcus pumilus bacterial liquid and 40% of lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid. The inventors prepared a Bifidobacterium bifidum bacterial solution, a Streptococcus parvus bacterial solution and a plant according to the same method as in example oneLactobacillus strain liquid. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 4 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 4 comprises the following steps: in the process of planting the potatoes, 750L/hm is needed each time2The microbial preparation 4 is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings.
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a planting test example for controlling potato late blight by applying the microbial preparation of the invention is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
Test example: prevention and treatment effect of microbial preparation on potato late blight
A test field is selected from Jiamusi city of Heilongjiang province for potato planting test, and the previous crop of the test field is a land block with potato late blight. 5 groups of experimental designs, including 4 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group of experimental designs 3 experimental cells, each area of 30m2Protection rows are arranged around the cells, and all test cells are randomly distributed.
The microbial preparations 1 to 4 prepared by the present invention were applied to four test groups, respectively. And respectively spraying the microbial preparation once in the seedling stage, the bud stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of the potatoes. The application method is to spray the microbial preparation on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings. The four microbial preparations were applied at the following rates: microbial preparation 1 is applied at 450L/hm each time2(ii) a Microbial preparation 2 is applied at a time of 600L/hm2(ii) a Microbial preparation 3 is applied at 650L/hm each time2(ii) a Microbial preparation 4 was applied at 750L/hm per application2. The control group was not administered with the microbial preparation, and the rest of the procedure was the same as the test group.
Selecting Yanshu No. 4 as a test variety, sowing in the last ten days of 5 months, wherein the plant spacing is 20cm, the row spacing is 80cm, and 1 potato seed with 2-3 bud eyes is sowed in each hole. The same general management is adopted for each cell, and the cells are harvested in 9 middle-month. After the potatoes are harvested, potato blocks of 15-hole potatoes are selected in each cell, the incidence rate and the disease index of the late blight are investigated, and meanwhile the yield of the potatoes in each cell is counted. And calculating the average morbidity, average disease index, average control effect and average cell potato yield of each group. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the incidence rate and the disease index of the late blight of four groups of potatoes applied with the microbial preparation are lower than those of the control, and the control effect reaches more than 54 percent. The microbial preparations 1 to 4 can prevent and treat the potato late blight. As can be seen from Table 1, the potato yield in the plots of all four test groups was significantly higher than the control. The microbial preparations 1 to 4 of the invention are used for planting potatoes, and can promote the growth of the potatoes and improve the yield of the potatoes.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato late blight is characterized in that: the preparation raw materials of the microbial preparation comprise compound microbes, copper sulfate and clear water.
2. The microbial formulation of claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-99.8 parts of clear water.
3. The microbial preparation of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1.5-5.0 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.5-2.0 parts of copper sulfate and 93-97.2 parts of clear water.
4. The microbial preparation of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.5 part of the copper sulfate and 96.0 parts of the clear water.
5. The microbial preparation of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the compound microorganism consists of bifidobacterium bifidum, streptococcus pumilus and lactobacillus plantarum.
6. The microbial formulation of claim 5, wherein: the content of Bifidobacterium bifidum is not less than 2.0 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL。
7. The microbial preparation of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the mass fractions of the components in the compound microorganism are as follows: 25-50% of bifidobacterium bifidum, 10-40% of streptococcus pumilus and 30-45% of lactobacillus plantarum.
8. The microbial preparation of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the mass fractions of the components in the compound microorganism are as follows: 45% of bifidobacterium bifidum, 25% of streptococcus pumilus and 30% of lactobacillus plantarum.
9. Use of a microbial preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the microbial preparation is uniformly sprayed on the leaves, roots and soil surface near the roots of the potato seedlings.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: the application amount of the microbial preparation is 450-750L/hm each time2。
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