CN112741113B - Microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight and application thereof. The microbial preparation of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials: compound microorganism, hypochlorous acid and clear water. The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90.0-99.8 parts of clear water. When the microbial preparation is applied, 300-600L/hm is added every time in the bud stage of potatoes2The microbial preparation is sprayed on the surface of the potato leaf. The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat early blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, improves the yield of the potatoes, and reduces environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of potato planting, and particularly relates to a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight and application thereof.
Background
Potato early blight is a common potato disease caused by Alternaria solani (Alternaria solani), mainly harms potato leaves, and can also damage petioles, stems and potato pieces. When the disease is serious, the leaves die locally, even the stems and leaves die. After the potato blocks are infected, the epidermis is dark brown and has irregular shape and is slightly sunken, and subcutaneous potato flesh at the affected part is brown and dry and rotten. Early blight can cause the yield of potatoes to decrease and potato blocks to be intolerant to storage, which causes serious economic loss to potato planting and processing enterprises and jeopardizes the healthy development of the potato industry.
At present, the application of chemical pesticides is a main method for preventing and treating potato early blight, but long-term application of pesticides not only pollutes the environment and harms human health, but also causes pathogenic bacteria to generate drug resistance and reduces the prevention and treatment effect of the chemical pesticides.
Therefore, the microbial preparation with the biocontrol effect is developed and used for preventing and treating the early blight in the potato planting process, and the microbial preparation has great significance for promoting the production of potatoes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight and application thereof, which are used for preventing and treating the early blight in a potato planting process and reducing the harm of chemical pesticide application.
On one hand, the invention provides a microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight, which is prepared from raw materials of compound microbes, hypochlorous acid and clear water,
the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.1-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90-99.8 parts of clear water;
the compound microorganism consists of bifidobacterium longum, streptococcus parvum, lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis;
the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2.5-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 2.0-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90-95.5 parts of clear water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of the compound microorganism, 4.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 92.5 parts of clear water.
Preferably, the composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of bifidobacterium longum, 10-20 parts of streptococcus pumilus, 10-25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 5-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 20-35 parts of bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of bifidobacterium longum, 14 parts of streptococcus pumilus, 20 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 9 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 30 parts of bacillus subtilis.
In another aspect, the invention also provides the use of the microbial preparation, wherein the microbial preparation is sprayed on the surface of the leaves of the potatoes in the bud stage of the potatoes.
Preferably, the microbial preparation is continuously applied for 3 times and sprayed for 1 time every 1 day, and the dosage of each time is 300-600L/hm2。
The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat early blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, improves the yield of the potatoes, and reduces environmental pollution.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The invention mixes the compound microorganism, hypochlorous acid and clear water according to a certain proportion to obtain the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight. The microbial preparation provided by the invention is used for planting potatoes, can prevent and treat early blight in the growth process of the potatoes, promotes the growth of the potatoes, improves the yield of the potatoes, and reduces environmental pollution.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight is prepared from raw materials consisting of compound microorganisms, hypochlorous acid and clear water. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) preparing the compound microorganism. The composite microorganism consists of Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum) bacterial liquid, streptococcus parvus (Streptococcus parvus) bacterial liquid, Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum) bacterial liquid, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) bacterial liquid and Bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, wherein the weight parts of the five bacterial liquids are respectively as follows: 15-30 parts of bifidobacterium longum, 10-20 parts of streptococcus pumilus, 10-25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 5-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 20-35 parts of bacillus subtilis. The five bacterial liquids can adopt commercially available qualified products or can be prepared by self. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
2) Preparing the microbial preparation. Weighing the compound microorganism, hypochlorous acid and clear water according to a preset weight proportion, adding the three raw material components into the same mixing container, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight. The weight parts of the three raw material components are respectively optimized: 0.1-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 0.1-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90.0-99.8 parts of clear water.
The application method of the microbial preparation comprises the following steps: in the bud stage of the potatoes, the microbial preparation is sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves of the potatoes. Preferably, the microbial preparation is sprayed for 1 time every 1 day, and further preferably continuously applied for 3 times, wherein the application amount of each time is preferably 300-600L/hm2。
To help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the preparation process and application method of the microbial preparation for controlling potato early blight of the invention.
Example one
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consisted of 0.1 parts by weight of complex microbes, 0.1 parts by weight of hypochlorous acid, and 99.8 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid, wherein the five kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively in parts by weight: 15 parts of bifidobacterium longum liquid, 20 parts of streptococcus pumilus liquid, 10 parts of lactobacillus plantarum liquid, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and 20 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid.
The five single-strain bacterial liquids used in the present example were prepared by the inventors. Firstly, respectively preparing the preserved strains of bifidobacterium longum, streptococcus pumilus, lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis into liquid seed solutions, then respectively inoculating the liquid seed solutions into corresponding liquid fermentation culture media, and performing fermentation culture to obtain single-strain bacterial solutions. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiaeThe bacteria content of (A) is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, uniformly mixing bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvum liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid to obtain the liquid compound microorganism.
And 2, adding the compound microorganism, hypochlorous acid and clear water into the same mixing container, stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microbial preparation 1.
The application method of the microbial preparation 1 comprises the following steps: in the bud stage of the potatoes, the weight of the potatoes is 300L/hm each time2The application amount of (1) is 1 time of spraying every 1 day, and the application is 3 times of continuous spraying, and the microbial preparation 1 is sprayed on the surface of the potato leaves.
Example two
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consisted of 2.5 parts by weight of complex microorganisms, 2.0 parts by weight of hypochlorous acid, and 95.5 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid, wherein the five kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively in parts by weight: 20 parts of bifidobacterium longum liquid, 16 parts of streptococcus pumilus liquid, 15 parts of lactobacillus plantarum liquid, 13 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and 25 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid.
The inventor prepares bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvum liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid according to the same method as the first embodiment. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 2 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 2 comprises the following steps: in the bud stage of the potatoes, the weight of the potatoes is 400L/hm at a time2The application amount of (1) is 1 time of spraying every 1 day, and the application is 3 times of continuous spraying, and the microbial preparation 2 is sprayed on the surface of the potato leaves.
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consisted of 3.5 parts by weight of complex microorganisms, 4.0 parts by weight of hypochlorous acid, and 92.5 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid, wherein the five kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively in parts by weight: 25 parts of bifidobacterium longum liquid, 14 parts of streptococcus pumilus liquid, 20 parts of lactobacillus plantarum liquid, 9 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and 30 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid.
The inventor prepares bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvum liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid according to the same method as the first embodiment. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 3 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 3 comprises the following steps: in the bud stage of the potatoes, the dosage is 500L/hm every time2The application amount of (3) is 1 time of spraying every 1 day, and 3 times of continuous application, and the microbial preparation 3 is sprayed on the surface of the potato leaf.
Example four
The raw materials of the microbial preparation of this example consisted of 5.0 parts by weight of complex microorganisms, 5.0 parts by weight of hypochlorous acid, and 90.0 parts by weight of clear water.
The composite microorganism is prepared by compounding bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvus liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid, wherein the five kinds of liquid in the composite microorganism are respectively in parts by weight: 30 parts of bifidobacterium longum liquid, 10 parts of streptococcus pumilus liquid, 25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum liquid, 5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and 35 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid.
The inventor prepares bifidobacterium longum liquid, streptococcus parvum liquid, lactobacillus plantarum liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and bacillus subtilis liquid according to the same method as the first embodiment. Wherein the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterial content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
The microbial preparation 4 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example one.
The application method of the microbial preparation 4 comprises the following steps: in the bud stage of the potatoes, the concentration is 600L/hm at a time2The application amount of (4) is 1 time of spraying every 1 day and 3 times of continuous application, and the microbial preparation 4 is sprayed on the surface of the potato leaf.
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a planting test example for preventing and treating potato early blight by applying the microbial preparation of the invention is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
Test example: prevention and treatment effect of microbial preparation on potato early blight
A test field is selected from Harbin city of Heilongjiang province for potato planting test, and the previous crop of the test field is a land block with early blight of potato. The experimental design 5 groups comprise 4 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group of experimental designs comprises 3 experimental cells, and the area of each experimental cell is 25m2Protection rows are arranged around the cells, and all test cells are randomly distributed.
Four test groupsThe microbial preparations 1 to 4 prepared in the present invention were applied, respectively. In the bud stage of the potatoes, 1 time of microbial preparation is sprayed every 1 day and is continuously applied for 3 times. The application method is to spray the microbial preparation on the surface of the leaf of the potato seedling. The four microbial preparations were applied at the following rates: microbial preparation 1 is applied at 300L/hm each time2(ii) a Microbial preparation 2 is applied at a time of 400L/hm2(ii) a The microbial preparation 3 is applied at 500L/hm each time2(ii) a Microbial preparation 4 is applied at a time of 600L/hm2. The control group was not administered with the microbial preparation, and the rest of the procedure was the same as the test group.
Dongnong No. 303 is selected as a test variety, manual sowing is carried out in the last ten days of 5 months, the plant spacing is 22cm, the row spacing is 80cm, and 1 potato seed with 2-3 bud eyes is sowed in each hole. The same general management is adopted for each cell, and the cells are harvested in 9 middle-month. The incidence and disease index of potato leaves were investigated 10 days after the 3 rd application of the microbial preparation. After the potatoes are harvested, 10-hole potato blocks are selected from each cell, the rotten condition of the potato blocks is investigated, and meanwhile the yield of the potatoes in each cell is counted. And calculating the average morbidity, average disease index, average control effect, average potato block mildew rate and average cell potato yield of each group. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the incidence of early blight, the disease index of early blight and the rotten rate of potato blocks of four groups of potatoes applied with the microbial preparation are all lower than those of the control, and the control effect reaches over 49 percent. The microbial preparations 1 to 4 can prevent and treat the potato early blight. As can be seen from Table 1, the potato yield in the plots of all four test groups was significantly higher than the control. The microbial preparations 1 to 4 of the invention are used for planting potatoes, and can promote the growth of the potatoes and improve the yield of the potatoes.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A microbial preparation for preventing and treating potato early blight is characterized in that: the raw materials for preparing the microbial preparation consist of compound microbes, hypochlorous acid and clear water,
the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-5.0 parts of the compound microorganism, 0.1-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90-99.8 parts of clear water;
the compound microorganism consists of bifidobacterium longum, streptococcus parvum, lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis;
the content of Bifidobacterium longum is not less than 2.5 × 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the streptococcus pumilus is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 3.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/mL, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 6.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 1010cfu/mL。
2. The microbial formulation of claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2.5-5.0 parts of compound microorganism, 2.0-5.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 90-95.5 parts of clear water.
3. The microbial formulation of claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of the compound microorganism, 4.0 parts of hypochlorous acid and 92.5 parts of clear water.
4. The microbial preparation of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of bifidobacterium longum, 10-20 parts of streptococcus pumilus, 10-25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 5-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 20-35 parts of bacillus subtilis.
5. The microbial preparation of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the composite microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of bifidobacterium longum, 14 parts of streptococcus pumilus, 20 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 9 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 30 parts of bacillus subtilis.
6. Use of a microbial preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: and spraying the microbial preparation on the surface of the leaf of the potato in the bud stage of the potato.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the microbial preparation is continuously applied for 3 times, and is sprayed for 1 time every 1 day, and the dosage of each time is 300-600L/hm2。
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| CN106720259A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Preventing and treating tamato fruit adopts the antistaling agent and its application method of rear early blight |
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