CN112747826A - Ultra-high spectral resolution far ultraviolet spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing - Google Patents
Ultra-high spectral resolution far ultraviolet spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
According to the ultra-high spectral resolution far-ultraviolet spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing, a collimated far-ultraviolet light beam is adjusted to vertically irradiate an isosceles diffraction grating 2 through a diaphragm 1; the isosceles diffraction grating 2 diffracts the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two-level spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, the first-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the principle of reversible light path, two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by a reflector 3 and a reflector 4 are combined into a beam of parallel light, the parallel light is reflected to a light gathering reflector 5 and then reflected to a detector 7 through a plane reflector 6 for imaging, and an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beams is obtained. The large-field imaging can be realized under a weaker far ultraviolet signal, and the large-field imaging device has higher spatial resolution and spectral resolution, small volume, high precision and simple light path.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-high spectral resolution detection of an ultraviolet spectrum, and particularly relates to a diffraction-interference mixing based ultra-high spectral resolution far ultraviolet spectrometer.
Background
In recent years, people have made remarkable progress on the research of solar far ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet spectral lines. However, in observation, there are still some aspects to be intensively studied:
(1) with both high spatial and temporal resolution, people have not systematically performed imaging observations of the far solar uv line.
(2) Currently, spectroscopic observations of the active region Laiman spectral line are poor, especially for Lyman-alpha. The existing traditional extreme ultraviolet spectrometer is difficult to observe because the radiation in the active area is particularly strong and has large fluctuation.
(3) With the emission of a series of solar extreme ultraviolet spectrum observers, people obtain a series of solar ultraviolet to extreme ultraviolet images. Although the filter imager can observe the fluctuation in the whole sun and the eruption of the convex part in the mesh, the observation of the fluctuation in the whole sun and the eruption is seriously influenced due to the lack of spectral information. The imaging spectrometer scans the sun in a small field of view, and most of the rapidly occurring events of the sun (such as flare) cannot be observed. Typical spectroscopy instruments scan the sun for 10 minutes, while flare lasts only 2 minutes. The limited spatial scanning speed of slit spectrometers is not sufficient to observe rapid changes in the solar atmosphere. This means that for further investigation of the sun, the scope must combine imaging with spectroscopy.
The diffraction-interference mixed ultra-high spectral resolution far-ultraviolet spectrometer can improve the current solar spectral line fine observation technology, and the diffraction-interference mixed spectral detection technology overcomes the defects that an imager cannot observe a spectral fine structure and the time resolution of the traditional slit spectrometer is low, so that the fine structure of the solar far-ultraviolet spectrum can be obtained, and the continuous observation of the solar far spectrum can be realized. Therefore, the diffraction-interference hybrid ultra-high spectral resolution far-ultraviolet interference spectrometer lays theoretical and technical foundation for the application of the far-ultraviolet interference spectrum detection technology in a space remote sensing instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides the far ultraviolet spectrometer with ultrahigh spectral resolution based on diffraction-interference mixing, can realize large-field imaging under weaker far ultraviolet signals, has higher spatial resolution and spectral resolution, small volume, high precision and simple light path, and solves the problem that a beam splitter cannot be developed in a vacuum ultraviolet band.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the present invention provides an ultra-high spectral resolution euv spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing, the system comprising: the device comprises a diaphragm 1, an isosceles diffraction grating 2, a plane reflector 3, a plane reflector 4, a light gathering reflector 5, a plane reflector 6 and a detector 7;
the diaphragm 1 is used for adjusting far ultraviolet collimated light beams to vertically irradiate the isosceles diffraction grating 2;
the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is used for diffracting the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two levels of spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, wherein the first level of spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other level of spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the reversible principle of an optical path, the isosceles diffraction grating 2 synthesizes two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4 into a beam of parallel light, and reflects the parallel light to the light gathering reflecting mirror 5;
a light gathering reflector 5 for reflecting the parallel light to the detector 7 via the plane reflector 6;
and the detector 7 is used for imaging the parallel light to obtain an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beam.
In a possible implementation, the mirror 3 is a moving mirror.
The far ultraviolet spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing and ultrahigh spectral resolution is used for adjusting far ultraviolet collimated light beams to vertically irradiate an isosceles diffraction grating 2 through a diaphragm 1; the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is used for diffracting the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two-level spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, wherein the first-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the reversible principle of an optical path, the isosceles diffraction grating 2 synthesizes two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4 into a beam of parallel light, and reflects the parallel light to the light gathering reflecting mirror 5; a light gathering reflector 5 for reflecting the parallel light to the detector 7 via the plane reflector 6; and the detector 7 is used for imaging the parallel light to obtain an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beam. The large-field imaging can be realized under weak far ultraviolet signals, and the high-resolution solar imaging system has high spatial resolution and spectral resolution, and has important application value and research significance for the detection research of solar physics and spatial environment in China.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technology or prior art of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings expressing the embodiments of the present application are used for explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present application.
FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of a diffraction-interference mixing based ultra-high spectral resolution EUV spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-high spectral resolution euv spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. The embodiments and the features of the embodiments can be combined without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of an ultra-high spectral resolution EUV spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The far ultraviolet spectrometer can be used for fine observation of the resolution of the far ultraviolet spectrum pm level of the sun, as shown in fig. 1, and the far ultraviolet spectrometer can comprise: the device comprises a diaphragm 1, an isosceles diffraction grating 2, a reflecting mirror 3, a reflecting mirror 4, a light gathering reflecting mirror 5, a plane reflecting mirror 6 and a detector 7.
The diaphragm 1 can be used for adjusting far ultraviolet collimated light beams to vertically irradiate the isosceles diffraction grating 2;
the isosceles diffraction grating 2 can be used for diffracting the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two-level spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, wherein the first-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the reversible principle of the light path, the isosceles diffraction grating 2 synthesizes two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4 into a beam of parallel light, and reflects the parallel light to the light gathering reflecting mirror 5;
a condensing mirror 5, which can be used to reflect the parallel light to the detector 7 via a plane mirror 6;
and the detector 7 can be used for imaging the parallel light to obtain an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beam.
Here, the two-stage spectral light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far-ultraviolet collimated light beam may be an upper-stage spectrum and a lower-stage spectrum of the spectral level of the far-ultraviolet collimated light beam, for example, if the spectrum of the far-ultraviolet collimated light beam is 0 stage, the adjacent two-stage spectra are a 1-stage spectrum and a-1-stage spectrum, respectively.
The mirror 3 and the mirror 4 are both plane mirrors. The reflector 3 is a moving mirror, and can change the optical path difference of two-stage spectral beams of a parallel light beam received by the surface of the detector 7, so that multiple interference sampling is realized.
The diaphragm 1 can be a spectrometer diaphragm and is connected with a corresponding telescope system and a corresponding collimation system to receive far ultraviolet collimated light beams.
The isosceles diffraction grating 2 may be a reflective grating for reflecting the light beam. The isosceles diffraction grating 2 can be used as a beam splitting element, and has high diffraction efficiency. The isosceles diffraction grating 2 has the advantages of approximately equal diffracted +/-1-level spectral light intensity, good uniformity of the split beams and high beam coupling efficiency.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-high spectral resolution euv spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
The isosceles diffraction grating 2 adopts a reflection grating as a beam splitter, the reflector (3) adopts a movable mirror, and the ultra-high spectral resolution real-time observation of the solar far ultraviolet spectrum is realized by combining the Fourier transform interference spectrum technology.
As shown in fig. 2, the incident parallel light beam is irradiated onto the isosceles diffraction grating (2), and the isosceles diffraction grating (2) diffracts two light beams of +1 order and-1 order spectrum. The + 1-order spectrum light beam passes through the reflector (3) and the reflector (4) and then irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating (2); the-1-level spectrum is irradiated onto the isosceles diffraction grating (2) through the reflector (4) and the reflector (3) in the same way, two parallel lights irradiated onto the isosceles diffraction grating (2) are combined into one parallel light beam after being reflected by the reflector (3) and the reflector (4) according to the principle that the light path is reversible, the parallel light beam is imaged onto the detector (7) through the light gathering reflector (5) and the plane reflector (6), and interference fringes are formed on the detector (7).
The scanning of the light beam position can be continuously changed along with the change of a movable mirror (a reflecting mirror (3)), the interference images under all optical paths are recorded by pixels at different positions, the interference images of the whole field of view are imaged on a focal plane where a detector is located through a detector (7), interference patterns under different optical path differences are obtained, a two-dimensional spectrum image can be obtained through Fourier transform, and the spectral resolution R of the far ultraviolet spectrometer is calculated according to the wave number sigma of the two-dimensional spectrum image and the optical path difference L, wherein the R is 2L delta.
When an incident parallel light beam is incident along the normal of the isosceles diffraction grating 2, the 0-order spectrum of the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is 0, and the energy of the light beam is distributed in the higher-order diffracted light, so that the energy transmission efficiency (diffraction efficiency and coupling efficiency) of the beam splitter (the isosceles diffraction grating 2) can be ensured.
The light intensity of the +/-1-order spectrum diffracted by the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is approximately equal, so that the contrast ratio of interference fringes of the far beam splitter can be improved. The incident beam and the synthesized parallel beam (coupling output beam) are vertical to the isosceles diffraction grating 2, and are coaxially arranged by adopting a +/-1-level spectral light path, so that the adjustment is convenient. The problems that the far ultraviolet band beam splitter is scarce in material, poor in energy transmission efficiency, difficult to develop a semi-transparent semi-reflective film layer, easy to damage and the like can be solved.
The far ultraviolet spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing and ultrahigh spectral resolution is used for adjusting far ultraviolet collimated light beams to vertically irradiate an isosceles diffraction grating 2 through a diaphragm 1; the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is used for diffracting the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two-level spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, wherein the first-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other-level spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the reversible principle of an optical path, the isosceles diffraction grating 2 synthesizes two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4 into a beam of parallel light, and reflects the parallel light to the light gathering reflecting mirror 5; a light gathering reflector 5 for reflecting the parallel light to the detector 7 via the plane reflector 6; and the detector 7 is used for imaging the parallel light to obtain an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beam. The large-field imaging can be realized under weak far ultraviolet signals, the large-field imaging has high spatial resolution and spectral resolution, small volume, high precision and simple light path, and has important application value and research significance for the detection research of solar physics and space environment in China.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. An ultra-high spectral resolution euv spectrometer based on diffraction-interference mixing, the system comprising: the device comprises a diaphragm 1, an isosceles diffraction grating 2, a reflector 3, a reflector 4, a light gathering reflector 5, a plane reflector 6 and a detector 7;
the diaphragm 1 is used for adjusting far ultraviolet collimated light beams to vertically irradiate the isosceles diffraction grating 2;
the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is used for diffracting the far ultraviolet collimated light beam into two levels of spectrum light beams adjacent to the spectrum of the far ultraviolet collimated light beam, wherein the first level of spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4, and the other level of spectrum light beam irradiates the isosceles diffraction grating 2 after passing through the reflecting mirror 4 and the reflecting mirror 3; according to the reversible principle of an optical path, the isosceles diffraction grating 2 synthesizes two-stage spectrum light beams reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 and the reflecting mirror 4 into a beam of parallel light, and reflects the parallel light to the light gathering reflecting mirror 5;
the condensing reflector 5 is used for reflecting the parallel light to the detector 7 through the plane reflector 6;
and the detector 7 is used for imaging the parallel light to obtain an interference pattern of the two-stage spectrum light beam.
2. The euv spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the isosceles diffraction grating 2 is a reflective grating.
3. The euv spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the mirror 3 is a moving mirror and the stop 1 is a spectrometer stop.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102445152A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-09 | 浙江师范大学 | Nano displacement measuring sensor |
| CN206779685U (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-12-22 | 长春理工大学 | Laser interference micro-nano technology device based on reflective dammann grating beam splitting |
| CN108458787A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Echelle grating type space heterodyne Raman spectrometer light channel structure |
| CN111207673A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 中北大学 | Displacement sensor based on isosceles triangle blazed grating structure |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102445152A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-09 | 浙江师范大学 | Nano displacement measuring sensor |
| CN206779685U (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-12-22 | 长春理工大学 | Laser interference micro-nano technology device based on reflective dammann grating beam splitting |
| CN108458787A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Echelle grating type space heterodyne Raman spectrometer light channel structure |
| CN111207673A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 中北大学 | Displacement sensor based on isosceles triangle blazed grating structure |
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