CN110595616A - Hyperspectral imaging device and imaging method adopting linear gradient filter and slit - Google Patents
Hyperspectral imaging device and imaging method adopting linear gradient filter and slit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110595616A CN110595616A CN201910783152.6A CN201910783152A CN110595616A CN 110595616 A CN110595616 A CN 110595616A CN 201910783152 A CN201910783152 A CN 201910783152A CN 110595616 A CN110595616 A CN 110595616A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 102100027340 Slit homolog 2 protein Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101710133576 Slit homolog 2 protein Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/04—Slit arrangements slit adjustment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/04—Slit arrangements slit adjustment
- G01J2003/045—Sequential slits; Multiple slits
Abstract
The invention discloses a hyperspectral imaging device and an imaging method adopting a linear gradient filter and a slit. The method comprises the following steps: the target emergent light beam is imaged to the position of a focal plane, namely a slit, through a front-mounted imaging objective lens; the light beam is emitted to the collimating objective lens through the slit; the collimated light beams pass through a linear gradient filter to form parallel light of each spectral band, the parallel light is incident to a cylindrical reflector, reflected light is incident to a post-imaging objective and imaged to an area array detector to form slit images of different spectral bands, and the whole area array detector corresponds to a column of space targets and a plurality of spectral channels; and pushing and sweeping the platform along the direction vertical to the slit to obtain a complete three-dimensional data cube. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and adjustment, high integration level, no spectrum aliasing phenomenon, high spectrum resolution ratio and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical imaging detection, and particularly relates to a hyperspectral imaging device and an imaging method adopting a linear gradient filter and a slit.
Background
The essence of the spectral imaging technology is that the absorption or radiation characteristics of substances to different electromagnetic spectrums are fully utilized, and one-dimensional spectral information is added on the basis of common two-dimensional space imaging, so that a data cube of a target is formed, and the spectral imaging technology is widely applied to the aspects of ground mapping, geological analysis, target identification, mineral exploration, natural disaster early warning, medical treatment and the like, and is an important component in the optical detection technology.
At present, spectral imaging techniques are mainly classified into four types, i.e., a dispersive type, an interference type, a computed tomography type, and a filtering type, according to different spectral splitting methods. The dispersive spectral imaging technology mainly takes a prism or a grating as a light splitting element, disperses incident light passing through a slit according to wavelength, and then images the slit on different positions of a detector according to the wavelength by an imaging system; the interference type spectral imaging technology takes an interferometer as a light splitting element, obtains an interference pattern of an incident slit by utilizing a double-beam interference principle, and then recovers the spectrum of the slit from the interference pattern through Fourier transform; the computed tomography spectral imaging technology is characterized in that the computed tomography principle is utilized, the spectral imaging technology is combined, projection images of one projection or a plurality of projection directions of a target data cube are detected, and then spatial image information and spectral information of a target are reconstructed from the projection images; the filter type spectral imaging technology adopts a scheme of adding a filter into a camera, a light splitting element is a filter, and a rotating filter, a liquid crystal tunable filter, an acousto-optic tunable filter, a linear gradient filter and the like are commonly used at present, and the whole data cube can be obtained only by adopting spectral modulation.
The traditional linear gradient filter spectral imaging system is composed of a detector, a linear gradient filter and an imaging objective lens, wherein the linear gradient filter is tightly attached to the detector to realize light splitting, but due to the problem of installation of the linear gradient filter, a distance exists between the linear gradient filter and a target surface of the detector, so that a spectral aliasing phenomenon is generated, the spectral resolution is reduced, in addition, the traditional linear gradient filter spectral imaging system can only obtain spectral information of one column of pixels and one wave band in each shooting, and can obtain the complete spectral data of one column of pixels through scanning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for realizing accurate measurement of spectral image information of a detection target, which solve the problems of spectral mixing and incomplete spectral information acquisition in single shooting in the conventional linear gradient filter spectral imaging system.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a hyperspectral imaging device adopting a linear gradient filter and a slit comprises a front-mounted imaging objective lens, the slit, a collimating objective lens, the linear gradient filter and a cylindrical reflector which are sequentially arranged along a first light path direction, and a rear-mounted imaging objective lens and an area array detector which are sequentially arranged along a second light path direction; the imaging surface of the pre-imaging objective is superposed with the front focal surface of the collimating objective; the slit is positioned on the imaging surface of the front imaging objective lens; the target surface of the area array detector is positioned at the image surface position of the rear imaging objective lens; the optical axis of the second optical path is vertical to the focal plane of the cylindrical reflector, and the imaging objective lens can receive all reflected light of the cylindrical reflector;
the target emergent light beam is imaged to the position of a focal plane, namely a slit, through a preposed imaging objective lens, the slit limits the target imaging range, the emergent light beam is collimated through a collimating objective lens and then enters a linear gradient filter to form separated parallel light of each spectral band, the parallel light of each spectral band is reflected to an imaging objective lens through a cylindrical reflector and then is imaged on an area array detector to form slit images of different spectral bands; the whole area array detector corresponds to a row of space targets and a plurality of spectral channels, and a platform where the imaging device is located is swept along a direction perpendicular to the first light path, so that a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by target two-dimensional space information and one-dimensional spectral information is obtained.
The imaging method based on the hyperspectral imaging device adopting the linear gradient filter and the slit comprises the following steps:
step 1, a target emergent light beam is incident to a preposed imaging objective lens and imaged to a focal plane, namely the position of a slit;
step 2, the light beam passes through the slit, the slit limits the target imaging range, and only the light beam in the slit is emitted into the collimating objective lens;
step 3, collimating the emergent light beam of the slit by the collimating objective lens to form a collimated light beam;
step 4, the collimated light beams pass through a linear gradient filter to form separated parallel light of each spectrum section;
step 5, the separated parallel light of each spectrum enters a cylindrical reflector and is reflected to different emergent directions respectively;
step 6, enabling reflected light corresponding to the parallel light of each spectrum band to enter a post-imaging objective lens in different directions, finally imaging to an area array detector, forming slit images of different spectrum bands in the direction parallel to the slits, and enabling the whole area array detector to correspond to a row of space targets and a plurality of spectrum channels;
and 7, pushing and scanning the platform where the imaging device is located along the direction vertical to the slit, so as to obtain a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by the target two-dimensional space information and the one-dimensional spectrum information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) compared with the traditional narrow-band filter, the adopted linear gradient filter has the advantages of miniaturization, stable performance, light weight, capability of obtaining continuous spectrum and the like, and in addition, the linear gradient filter is placed in a collimating light path for light splitting, so that the spectrum aliasing phenomenon can be effectively inhibited, and the spectrum resolution of an optical system is improved; 2) by adopting the scheme of combining the linear gradient filter and the slit, all spectral information of a column of pixels of the target can be obtained by single shooting, and complete spectral image information of the target can be obtained by push-scanning in the direction perpendicular to the slit.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hyperspectral imaging device adopting a linear gradient filter and a slit according to the invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, the hyperspectral imaging device using the linear gradient filter and the slit of the invention comprises a front imaging objective lens 1, a slit 2, a collimator objective lens 3, a linear gradient filter 4 and a cylindrical reflector 5 which are sequentially arranged along a first light path direction, and a rear imaging objective lens 6 and an area array detector 7 which are sequentially arranged along a second light path direction; the imaging surface of the pre-imaging objective lens 1 is superposed with the front focal surface of the collimating objective lens 3; the slit 2 is positioned on the imaging surface of the front imaging objective lens 1; the target surface of the area array detector 7 is positioned at the image surface position of the post-imaging objective lens 6; the optical axis of the second optical path is perpendicular to the focal plane of the cylindrical reflector 5, and the imaging objective 6 can receive all reflected light of the cylindrical reflector 5;
the emergent light beam of the target is imaged to the position of a focal plane, namely a slit 2, through a preposed imaging objective lens 1, the slit 2 limits the imaging range of the target, the emergent light beam is collimated through a collimating objective lens 3 and then enters a linear gradient filter 4 to form separated parallel light beams of each spectrum, the parallel light beams of each spectrum enter a cylindrical reflector 5, the emergent directions of the reflected light beams of the parallel light beams of different spectrums are different due to the fact that diopters of all meridian lines of the cylindrical reflector 5 are different, the parallel light beams of each spectrum enter a postposition imaging objective lens 6 in different directions and then are imaged on a surface array detector 7 to form slit images of different spectrums; the whole area array detector 7 corresponds to a column of space targets and a plurality of spectrum channels, and a platform where the imaging device is located is swept along a direction perpendicular to the first light path, so that a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by target two-dimensional space information and one-dimensional spectrum information is obtained.
The imaging method based on the hyperspectral imaging device adopting the linear gradient filter and the slit comprises the following steps:
step 1, a target emergent light beam is incident to a preposed imaging objective lens and imaged to a focal plane, namely the position of a slit;
step 2, the light beam passes through the slit, the slit limits the target imaging range, and only the light beam in the slit is emitted into the collimating objective lens;
step 3, collimating the emergent light beam of the slit by the collimating objective lens to form a collimated light beam;
step 4, the collimated light beams pass through a linear gradient filter to form separated parallel light of each spectrum section;
step 5, the separated parallel light of each spectrum enters a cylindrical reflector and is reflected to different emergent directions respectively;
step 6, enabling reflected light corresponding to the parallel light of each spectrum band to enter a post-imaging objective lens in different directions, finally imaging to an area array detector, forming slit images of different spectrum bands in the direction parallel to the slits, and enabling the whole area array detector to correspond to a row of space targets and a plurality of spectrum channels;
and 7, pushing and scanning the platform where the imaging device is located along the direction vertical to the slit, so as to obtain a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by the target two-dimensional space information and the one-dimensional spectrum information.
Illustratively, the operating band of the linear graded filter is 600nm to 1100nm, and the operating band of the cylindrical reflector is 450nm to 20 μm.
The invention adopts the scheme of combining the linear gradient filter and the slit, can obtain all spectral information of a column of pixels of the target by single shooting, can obtain complete spectral image information of the target by push-scanning in the direction vertical to the slit, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and adjustment, high integration level, no spectrum aliasing phenomenon, high spectral resolution and the like.
Claims (3)
1. A hyperspectral imaging device adopting a linear gradient filter and a slit is characterized by comprising a front imaging objective lens (1), a slit (2), a collimating objective lens (3), a linear gradient filter (4) and a cylindrical reflector (5) which are sequentially arranged along a first light path direction, and a rear imaging objective lens (6) and an area array detector (7) which are sequentially arranged along a second light path direction; the imaging surface of the pre-imaging objective (1) is superposed with the front focal surface of the collimating objective (3); the slit (2) is positioned on an imaging surface of the front imaging objective (1) and is used as a field diaphragm; the target surface of the area array detector (7) is positioned at the image surface position of the post-imaging objective lens (6); the optical axis of the second light path is vertical to the focal plane of the cylindrical reflector (5), and the imaging objective lens (6) can receive all reflected light of the cylindrical reflector (5);
the method comprises the following steps that a target emergent light beam is imaged to the position of a focal plane, namely a slit (2), through a preposed imaging objective lens (1), the slit (2) limits the target imaging range, the emergent light beam is collimated through a collimating objective lens (3) and then enters a linear gradient filter (4) to form separated parallel light of each spectral band, the parallel light of each spectral band is reflected to an imaging objective lens (6) through a cylindrical reflector (5) and then is imaged on a planar array detector (7), and slit images of different spectral bands are formed; the whole area array detector (7) corresponds to a row of space targets and a plurality of spectrum channels, and a platform where the imaging device is located is pushed and swept along the direction perpendicular to the first light path, so that a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by two-dimensional space information and one-dimensional spectrum information of the targets is obtained.
2. The imaging method of the hyperspectral imaging device adopting the linear gradient filter and the slit according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a target emergent light beam is incident to a preposed imaging objective lens and imaged to a focal plane, namely the position of a slit;
step 2, the light beam passes through the slit, the slit limits the target imaging range, and only the light beam in the slit is emitted into the collimating objective lens;
step 3, collimating the emergent light beam of the slit by the collimating objective lens to form a collimated light beam;
step 4, the collimated light beams pass through a linear gradient filter to form separated parallel light of each spectrum section;
step 5, the separated parallel light of each spectrum enters a cylindrical reflector and is reflected to different emergent directions respectively;
step 6, enabling reflected light corresponding to the parallel light of each spectrum band to enter a post-imaging objective lens in different directions, finally imaging to an area array detector, forming slit images of different spectrum bands in the direction parallel to the slits, and enabling the whole area array detector to correspond to a row of space targets and a plurality of spectrum channels;
and 7, pushing and scanning the platform where the imaging device is located along the direction vertical to the slit, so as to obtain a complete three-dimensional data cube formed by the target two-dimensional space information and the one-dimensional spectrum information.
3. The hyperspectral imaging method by adopting the linear gradient filter and the slit according to claim 2 is characterized in that the working waveband of the linear gradient filter is 600 nm-1100 nm, and the working waveband of the cylindrical reflector is 450 nm-20 μm.
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| CN111220270A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 安徽艾华测控技术有限公司 | Narrow-band spectral analysis system based on scanning galvanometer |
| CN112098345A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Self-correcting unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral imaging detection system and method based on LVF |
| CN113099078A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Camera module, imaging method and imaging device |
| CN113932922A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Polarization spectrum imaging system and method |
| WO2022147919A1 (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-07-14 | 苏州联讯仪器有限公司 | Broadband spectrometer |
| CN117288324A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-26 | 无锡迅杰光远科技有限公司 | Hyperspectral imaging data processing method and hyperspectral imaging data processing system |
| CN113932922B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-04-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Polarization spectrum imaging system and method |
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