CN112730231A - Test device and determination method for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and solid interface - Google Patents
Test device and determination method for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and solid interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112730231A CN112730231A CN202011566364.8A CN202011566364A CN112730231A CN 112730231 A CN112730231 A CN 112730231A CN 202011566364 A CN202011566364 A CN 202011566364A CN 112730231 A CN112730231 A CN 112730231A
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- test device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface, which belongs to the technical field of measuring tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface and comprises a bottom plate, wherein a support is arranged on the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged on the support, a servo motor is arranged on the top plate, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a rotating shaft, and a pressing hammer is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft; a sample box is arranged below the press hammer, a jack is arranged at the bottom of the sample box, and an electronic scale is arranged at the bottom of the jack; and a torque meter is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft. The invention is mainly designed aiming at testing the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface, and the basic idea is that after soil sample parameters and the properties of a pressing hammer are selected according to the test purpose, the soil sample parameters and the properties of the pressing hammer are contacted with each other by using a certain pressure, a servo motor is operated to enable the soil sample parameters and the pressing hammer to rotate relatively, the tangential adhesion can be reflected by the maximum torque in the process, and the adhesion effect can be reflected by the mass of the soil sample left on the pressing hammer after the soil sample is separated from the pressing hammer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface, in particular to a test device and a determination method for measuring the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface.
Background
The shield method becomes one of the most main construction methods for urban underground engineering construction in China, and along with the development of the shield technology, the shield method is not only applied to the field of subway construction, but also applied to a plurality of fields such as highway and railway tunnels, hydroelectric channels, communication channels, underground comprehensive pipe galleries and the like.
The shield will face the mud cake problem when it is constructed in a soft clay formation with a high content of sticky particles. Mud cakes can be accumulated around the cutter, so that the penetration degree of the cutter is reduced, the cutter generates eccentric wear, even the opening of a cutter head is blocked, and more seriously, the mud cakes can block a soil discharging device, so that the problems of overlarge shield torque, serious cutter head abrasion, difficult control of shield tunneling attitude and the like are caused, the shield tunneling efficiency is seriously reduced, and even the ground surface is excessively settled, so that the construction safety problem is caused.
The soil adhesion is the phenomenon that the wet and sticky soil adheres to the surface of a soil-contacting solid, and the mud cake is mainly caused by the fact that soil particles dug by the shield tunneling machine adhere to the surface of the shield tunneling cutter head, so that the soil adhesion law under different working conditions can be summarized by researching the adhesion phenomenon between the soil and the solid interface, and the theoretical guidance is provided for the prevention and treatment measures of the mud cake of the shield tunneling cutter head.
In the operation process of the shield tunneling machine, the cutter head continuously rotates, the soil and the cutter head actually move in a tangential direction, most of the existing soil adhesion force testing devices are used for testing the adhesion force in the normal direction, and in order to measure the adhesion force of the soil and a metal interface, scholars at home and abroad adopt different testing devices and methods.
Most of pressure applied by adhesion tests in related researches at home and abroad is only dozens of kilopascals, the pressure difference with the tunnel face pressure in actual shield construction is large, an experimental device is also complex, the parameter change process is complicated, errors are large, the accurate determination of the tangential adhesion between soil and a solid interface is influenced, and even the normal shield construction is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test device for measuring the tangential adhesion force of soil and a solid interface; the test device for measuring the tangential adhesion of the soil and the solid interface is designed mainly for testing the tangential adhesion of the soil and the solid interface, and the basic idea is that after soil sample parameters and the properties of a pressing hammer are selected according to the test purpose, the soil sample parameters and the properties of the pressing hammer are contacted with each other by using certain pressure, a servo motor is operated to enable the soil sample parameters and the pressing hammer to rotate relatively, the tangential adhesion can be reflected by the maximum torque in the process, and after the soil sample parameters and the pressing hammer are separated, the adhesion effect can be reflected by the mass of the soil sample left on the pressing hammer.
In order to solve the technical problem, the test device for measuring the tangential adhesion force of the soil and the solid interface comprises a bottom plate, wherein a support is arranged on the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged on the support, a servo motor is arranged on the top plate, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a rotating shaft, and a pressing hammer is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft; a sample box is arranged below the press hammer, soil to be detected is placed in the sample box, a jack is arranged at the bottom of the sample box, and an electronic scale is arranged at the bottom of the jack; and a torque meter is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft and is connected with a computer.
The torque meters, also called torque sensors, torque sensors and torque sensors, are classified into two categories, namely dynamic and static, wherein the dynamic torque sensors can be called torque sensors, torque and rotation speed sensors, non-contact torque sensors, rotation torque sensors and the like; the torque sensor is used for detecting the sensing of the torsional moment on various rotating or non-rotating mechanical parts; the torque sensor converts the physical change of the torque force into an accurate electric signal; the torque sensor can be applied to manufacture viscometers and electric (pneumatic and hydraulic) torque wrenches, and has the advantages of high precision, fast frequency response, good reliability, long service life and the like.
In a further development of the invention, a bearing is embedded in the top plate, and the rotating shaft is connected with the bearing.
Through the design, the scheme can facilitate the rotation of the rotating shaft and facilitate the transmission of power.
In a further improvement of the invention, a threaded section is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft and is in threaded connection with the pressing hammer.
Through the design, this scheme can be more convenient for press the dismouting of hammer and axis of rotation, and the experimental requirement is different, and the material of pressing the hammer is just different, consequently, presses hammer and axis of rotation to dismantle the connection, is more convenient for change the pressure hammer of different materials.
In a further improvement of the invention, the inner diameter of the sample box is larger than the diameter of the press hammer.
Through the design, the press hammer can rotate in the sample box conveniently, and the press hammer is prevented from interfering with the sample box in use.
In the further improvement of the invention, reaction columns are uniformly distributed around the electronic scale and movably sleeved with the sample box.
Through the design, the stable placing of the sample box can be more convenient for by the scheme.
In the further improvement of the invention, the box edge of the sample box is provided with a through hole which is movably sleeved on the reaction column.
Through above-mentioned design, the sample box of can being more convenient for of this scheme is stable to be placed, simple place the sample box on the gasket, can lead to the sample box to take place the displacement at the experimentation, is unfavorable for experimental going on smoothly, consequently, this application carries out the position relatively fixed with the sample box through support column (foretell reaction column), avoids the sample box to take place the displacement in the experiment, influences experimental going on.
In a further improvement of the invention, the number of the reaction columns is at least four; the number of the through holes is equal to that of the reaction columns.
Through the design, the scheme can more conveniently and stably support the sample box, and avoids displacement caused by uneven stress of the sample box.
In a further improvement of the invention, a gasket is arranged on the jack, and a sample box is placed on the gasket.
Through the design, the scheme can be more convenient for avoiding the excessive deformation of the sample box due to the stress concentration under the high-pressure action.
In a further improvement of the invention, the servo motor is connected with a switch, and the switch is connected with a power supply or a storage battery.
Through the design, the scheme can be used for controlling the switch of the servo motor more conveniently.
A determination method for measuring the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a test device for measuring the tangential adhesion force of the soil and the solid interface on a horizontal plane;
(2) preparing a soil sample and placing the soil sample in a sample box;
(3) penetrating a through hole on the edge of the sample box through the reaction column and placing the sample box on the gasket;
(4) the pressing hammer is weighed and then connected to a rotating shaft;
(5) calibrating and resetting the electronic scale;
(6) lifting the jack, and reading the interaction force generated by the soil body and the solid interface by the electronic scale until the preset requirement is met;
(7) starting a servo motor, driving a dynamic pressure hammer to start rotating in the soil to be tested by a rotating shaft, and recording a torque value in real time by a computer to obtain a maximum torque value;
(8) descending the jack, disassembling the pressing hammer and measuring the mass of the pressing hammer;
(9) and (5) replacing the sample, and repeating the steps 2-8.
Through the design, the scheme can be more convenient to implement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is mainly designed aiming at testing the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface, and utilizes a bottom plate, a support column, a top plate, a servo motor, a rotating shaft, a press hammer, a sample box, a jack, an electronic scale, a torquemeter and a computer to measure the tangential adhesion of the soil and the solid interface.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the background art or the technical solutions of the present invention, the following brief description of the drawings incorporated in the prior art or the detailed description of the present invention; it should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the through hole of the sample box of the invention.
Shown in the figure: 1-a servo motor; 2-a top plate; 3-a pillar; 4-a bottom plate; 5-a rotating shaft; 6-a torque meter; 7-pressing a hammer; 8-a reaction column; 9-a sample cartridge; 10-a gasket; 11-a jack; 12-an electronic scale; 13-a switch; 14-computer.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will make clear and complete description of the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like referred to in the present specification indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, it is not to be understood that the present invention is limited to changes or adjustments of relative relationships thereof, and also to be considered as a scope in which the present invention can be implemented without substantial technical changes.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present specification, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other, so that the specific meaning of the terms in the invention can be understood by those skilled in the art through specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a test device for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface comprises a bottom plate 4, a support 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 4, a top plate 2 is arranged on the support 3, a servo motor 1 is arranged on the top plate 2, an output end of the servo motor 1 is connected with a rotating shaft 5, and a pressing hammer 7 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft 5; a sample box 9 is arranged below the press hammer 7, soil to be detected is placed in the sample box 9, a jack 11 is arranged at the bottom of the sample box 9, and an electronic scale 12 is arranged at the bottom of the jack 11; the middle part of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a torque meter 6, and the torque meter 6 is connected with a computer 14.
A bearing is embedded in the top plate 2, and the rotating shaft 5 is connected with the bearing; a threaded section is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft 5 and is in threaded connection with the pressing hammer 7; the inner diameter of the sample box 9 is larger than the diameter of the pressing hammer 7; reaction columns 8 are uniformly distributed around the electronic scale 12, and the reaction columns 8 are movably sleeved with the sample box 9; a through hole is formed in the edge of the sample box 9 and movably sleeved on the reaction column 8; the number of the reaction columns 8 is at least four; the number of the through holes is equal to that of the reaction columns 8; a gasket 10 is arranged on the jack 11, and a sample box 9 is placed on the gasket 10; the servo motor 1 is connected with a switch 13, and the switch 13 is connected with a power supply or a storage battery.
A determination method for measuring the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a test device for measuring the tangential adhesion force of the soil and the solid interface on a horizontal plane;
(2) preparing a soil sample and placing the soil sample in a sample box;
(3) penetrating a through hole on the edge of the sample box through the reaction column and placing the sample box on the gasket;
(4) the pressing hammer is weighed and then connected to a rotating shaft;
(5) calibrating and resetting the electronic scale;
(6) lifting the jack, and reading the interaction force generated by the soil body and the solid interface by the electronic scale until the preset requirement is met;
(7) starting a servo motor, driving a dynamic pressure hammer to start rotating in the soil to be tested by a rotating shaft, and recording a torque value in real time by a computer to obtain a maximum torque value;
(8) descending the jack, disassembling the pressing hammer and measuring the mass of the pressing hammer;
(9) and (5) replacing the sample, and repeating the steps 2-8.
The switch adopts a speed regulating switch and is used for regulating the rotating speed of the servo motor, and the computer can read a torque value in real time; the electronic scale is arranged below the jack and can reflect the acting force between the soil body and the pressing hammer;
the torquemeter is connected with a computer, can monitor the torque change of a rotating shaft in real time, can calculate that the tangential adhesion force of soil and a solid interface is 6T/pi D3 by reading the maximum value of the torque, wherein T is the maximum value of the torque, D is the diameter of the pressing hammer 7, and can evaluate the adhesion effect of the soil by comparing the quality of the pressing hammer 7 before and after the test.
At present, a technology capable of conveniently and rapidly testing the tangential adhesion force of the soil and the solid interface is lacked, so that the tangential adhesion force between the soil and the solid interface is measured under the conditions of different pressures, rotating speeds, soil body parameters and solid interface properties, and the tangential adhesion rule between the soil and the solid interface under different conditions is obtained.
The invention controls the motor to enable the pressing hammer to twist on the surface of the soil body under certain pressure, the computer monitors the reading of the torque meter in real time, the tangential adhesion of the soil and a solid interface can be calculated after the maximum value is recorded, and the adhesion effect can be evaluated by weighing before and after the pressing hammer test; the invention can realize the measurement of the tangential adhesive force between the soil and the solid interface under the conditions of different pressures, rotating speeds, soil body parameters and solid interface properties; the device is convenient to manufacture, various parameters can be selected and compared quickly, the test method is simple and easy to implement, and quantitative analysis can be realized.
In repeated tests, various attributes such as contact pressure, pressing hammer rotating speed, soil body parameters (components, particle size distribution, water content, porosity and the like) and solid interface properties (material types, surface shapes, roughness, opening ratio and the like) can be changed conveniently, and the tangential adhesion rule between soil and a solid interface under complex conditions can be summarized.
The test device is simple in structure, most of components are common in a common geotechnical test room, and test development and component replacement are facilitated.
The test condition is closer to the actual shield construction condition, so that the measured adhesion is closer to the actual value, and effective support can be provided for the actual shield construction.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions on the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and those modifications or substitutions should be considered as being within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a measure test device of soil and solid interface tangential adhesion which characterized in that: the hydraulic lifting device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a support column is arranged on the bottom plate, a top plate is arranged on the support column, a servo motor is arranged on the top plate, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a rotating shaft, and a pressing hammer is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft; a sample box is arranged below the press hammer, soil to be detected is placed in the sample box, a jack is arranged at the bottom of the sample box, and an electronic scale is arranged at the bottom of the jack; and a torque meter is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft and is connected with a computer.
2. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: the top plate is embedded with a bearing, and the rotating shaft is connected with the bearing.
3. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: and a threaded section is arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft and is in threaded connection with the pressing hammer.
4. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the sample box is larger than the diameter of the pressing hammer.
5. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: reaction columns are uniformly distributed around the electronic scale and movably sleeved with the sample box.
6. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 5, wherein: the through hole is formed in the box edge of the sample box and movably sleeved on the reaction column.
7. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 6, wherein: the number of the reaction columns is at least four; the number of the through holes is equal to that of the reaction columns.
8. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: a gasket is arranged on the jack, and a sample box is placed on the gasket.
9. The test device for measuring soil to solid interface tangential adhesion of claim 1, wherein: the servo motor is connected with a switch, and the switch is connected with a power supply or a storage battery.
10. A determination method for measuring the tangential adhesion of soil and a solid interface is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a test device for measuring the tangential adhesion force of the soil and the solid interface on a horizontal plane;
(2) preparing a soil sample and placing the soil sample in a sample box;
(3) penetrating a through hole on the edge of the sample box through the reaction column and placing the sample box on the gasket;
(4) the pressing hammer is weighed and then connected to a rotating shaft;
(5) calibrating and resetting the electronic scale;
(6) lifting the jack, and reading the interaction force generated by the soil body and the solid interface by the electronic scale until the preset requirement is met;
(7) starting a servo motor, driving a dynamic pressure hammer to start rotating in the soil to be tested by a rotating shaft, and recording a torque value in real time by a computer to obtain a maximum torque value;
(8) descending the jack, disassembling the pressing hammer and measuring the mass of the pressing hammer;
(9) and (5) replacing the sample, and repeating the steps 2-8.
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| CN202011566364.8A CN112730231B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Test device and determination method for measuring tangential adhesion of soil and solid interface |
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| CN112730231A true CN112730231A (en) | 2021-04-30 |
| CN112730231B CN112730231B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113324903A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Torsional type soil tangential adhesion stress testing device and method |
| CN113758865A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Soil adhesion testing device and testing method |
| CN114043639A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-02-15 | 如皋市通达机械制造有限公司 | Kneading machine product viscosity real-time detection equipment |
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| CN114043639A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-02-15 | 如皋市通达机械制造有限公司 | Kneading machine product viscosity real-time detection equipment |
| CN114043639B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-22 | 如皋市通达机械制造有限公司 | Kneading machine product viscosity real-time detection equipment |
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