CN106769523A - Measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic - Google Patents

Measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106769523A
CN106769523A CN201611205680.6A CN201611205680A CN106769523A CN 106769523 A CN106769523 A CN 106769523A CN 201611205680 A CN201611205680 A CN 201611205680A CN 106769523 A CN106769523 A CN 106769523A
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China
Prior art keywords
measurement
pressure
disc
measuring soil
soil
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CN201611205680.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106769523B (en
Inventor
汪伟
熊超
于贵波
赵家丰
张晓良
马乔
王平
高玉基
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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Ordnance Engineering College of PLA
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Publication of CN106769523A publication Critical patent/CN106769523A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/16Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces applied through gearing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0037Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic, including rack body, measurement part and the injection part detachably installed with measurement part;Rack body includes low bottom-disc, is fixedly connected on low bottom-disc and the left socle, the right support that are oppositely arranged, and the upper bracket for being placed between left socle, right support and being fixedly connected with left socle, right support;Measurement part includes being fixedly mounted on the screw-threaded shaft elevator and the displacement transducer for measuring injection part sinkage for being used for measurement part is vertically lifted on upper bracket, the lower section of screw-threaded shaft elevator is fixedly connected with pressure measurement unit by leading screw flange, and pressure measurement unit lower section is connected with torque measurement part by central shaft;Injection part includes cone bar, pawl disk and pressing plate.The present invention can carry out composite measurement to the mechanics parameter of soft or hard soil, realize indoor and outdoor dual-purpose function.The present invention is applied to measurement soil mechanics characteristic, for the soft or hard soil of indoor and outdoor.

Description

Measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic
Technical field
It is the invention belongs to measure soil mechanics Characteristics Detection field more particularly to a kind of for measuring soil mechanics characteristic Measurement apparatus.
Background technology
The mechanical characteristic of soil has very big influence to the traction control performance of vehicle, and soil mechanics characteristic is ground Study carefully, help to assess the road surface of vehicle by property.In order to study soil mechanical characteristic, it is necessary to using or design corresponding soil Mechanical property testing device is measured.Wherein, most widely used equipment is bevameter, and it is with classical soil mechanics formula as base Plinth, can quick obtaining soil pressure-bearing curve by load maintainer and measuring system.
But the device currently used for measurement soil mechanics characteristic is typically confined to measure the soil mechanics of single aspect Characteristic, composite measurement could be carried out by using different measurement apparatus to soil mechanics characteristic, lacked to soil mechanics characteristic Carry out the device of composite measurement.Also, existing measurement apparatus are designed mainly for mellow soil in experiment soil box, for room Outer hard soil needs to increase counterweight offer loading force in measurement apparatus, and device is more heavy, using complex.Secondly, The pawl disk for being used during detection soil shear characteristic at present, usually easily because torque measurement components interior produces friction and soil Accumulation between the dog of pawl disk, and influence the accuracy of torque sensor measurement data.
The content of the invention
It is not enough more than present in prior art to solve, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of for measuring soil mechanics characteristic Measurement apparatus, composite measurement can be carried out to the mechanics parameter of soft or hard soil, realize indoor and outdoor dual-purpose function.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:It is a kind of for measuring soil mechanics characteristic Measurement apparatus, including displacement transducer, pressure sensor and torque sensor, including rack body, measurement part and with measurement The injection part that part is detachably installed;The rack body includes low bottom-disc, is fixedly connected on low bottom-disc and is oppositely arranged Left socle, right support, and the upper bracket for being placed between left socle, right support and being fixedly connected with left socle, right support;It is described Measurement part includes the screw-threaded shaft elevator being fixedly mounted on upper bracket for making measurement part vertically lift and is used for The displacement transducer of injection part sinkage is measured, the lower section of the screw-threaded shaft elevator is fixedly connected with pressure by leading screw flange Measurement part, the pressure measurement unit lower section is connected with torque measurement part by central shaft;The injection part includes using In measurement soil hardness and the cone bar of adhesion properties, the pawl disk for measuring soil shear characteristic and for measuring soil carrying The pressing plate of pressure.
Used as improvement of the invention, the pressure measurement unit includes being placed in the pressure measxurement portion of pressure measurement unit periphery Part shell, the pressure sensor being placed in pressure measurement unit shell and be placed in pressure sensor lower section, be fixedly connected on pressure The linear bearing coordinated on measurement part shell and with vertical central shaft;Central shaft below linear bearing has axle journal Section, axle journal section is the whole circle groove along the circumferential direction with certain depth, the pressure measurement unit shell with axle journal section Correspondence position is provided with stop nut, and stop nut is moved and can revolve central shaft by axle journal section limitation central shaft vertical direction Turn.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the torque measurement part includes torque sensor, only carries axial compressive force Rolling bearing and be engaged with rolling bearing and be fixedly connected on the bearing block below torque sensor, central shaft is worn vertically Torque sensor is crossed to be engaged with rolling bearing.
Further improved as of the invention, the rolling bearing is not in contact with torque sensor.
Used as another improvement of the invention, the pawl disk includes pawl disk body and is placed in the dog of pawl disk body bottom surface, The pawl disk body has the cavity of bottom surface opening, and the cavity can accommodate and be rotated by dog and be deposited in the soil between dog, The top surface of the pawl disk body is communicated with the through hole of cavity.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the pawl disk body bottom surface is along the circumferential direction provided with dog, and the dog exists It is the section right angle ladder that dog is more than bottom with the intersection of pawl disk body bottom surface and upper bottom that upper bottom is formed on the side of pawl disk body Shape, right-angled trapezium has radially extended certain length along pawl disk body bottom surface.
As another improvement of the invention:
The low bottom-disc center is provided with can make injection part through the opening of low bottom-disc.
The low bottom-disc is provided with sustainable low bottom-disc and adjusts the regulation screw mandrel of low bottom-disc horizontal positioned.
The bottom surface of the low bottom-disc is provided with the castor that can move rack body.
Vertically interval is equidistantly correspondingly arranged through hole in opposite directions on the left socle, right support.
As a result of above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with prior art, acquired beneficial effect is the present invention:
The present invention can carry out composite measurement to the mechanical characteristic of soft or hard soil, realize indoor and outdoor dual-purpose function;
The present invention makes pressure measurement unit be located at torque measurement part top, and by setting linear bearing and axial direction can only be carried The rolling bearing of pressure, it is ensured that pressure measurement unit and torque measurement part all work independently, non-interference, i.e. pressure measxurement Ground pressure can be carried during component working to be acted on without bearing torque, bearing torque effect is without holding during torque measurement component working Carry pressure;
The present invention sets the rolling bearing not being in contact with torque sensor by torque measurement components interior, can reduce moment of torsion The friction that measurement part inside produces, improves the accuracy of torque sensor measurement data;
The present invention sets cavity by pawl disk body, makes pawl disk when rotation is worked, and the soil piled up between dog enters empty Chamber, the through hole set by cavity top discharges the gas in cavity, and can detect accumulation of the soil in cavity by through hole Situation, reduces the measurement error that soil shear characteristic is measured caused by soil is piled up, and makes measured soil shear characterisitic parameter Reflection truth, improves the accuracy of measurement;
The present invention by changing the structure of dog, can overcome dog with pawl disk body in hard soil convexity pawl because soil resistance is made Into fracture, improve dog service life, save production cost.
The present invention is applied to measurement soil mechanics characteristic, for the soft or hard soil of indoor and outdoor.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment to the present invention further describe in detail.
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the measurement soil hardness and adhesion properties structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the measurement soil shear feature structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 carries pressure texture schematic diagram for the measurement soil of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the pawl disk 13B structure sectional views of the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure:1st, upper bracket;2nd, left socle;3rd, right support;4th, contiguous block;5th, low bottom-disc;6th, screw mandrel is adjusted;7th, leading screw lifting Machine;8th, displacement transducer;9th, platform is extended;10th, leading screw flange;11st, pressure measurement unit;11A, pressure sensor;It is 11B, straight Bobbin holds;11C, stop nut;11D, pressure sensor housing;12nd, torque measurement part;12A, torque sensor;12B, pressure Power bearing;12C, bearing block;13rd, injection part;13A, cone bar;13B, pawl disk;13C, pressing plate;14th, castor;15th, central shaft; 16th, dog;17th, cavity;18th, ring flange.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic, as Figure 1-5, including rack body, measurement part and with The injection part 13 that measurement part is detachably installed.
Rack body includes low bottom-disc 5, is fixedly connected on low bottom-disc 5 and the left socle 2, the right support 3 that are oppositely arranged, and The upper bracket 1 for being placed between left socle 2, right support 3 and being fixedly connected with left socle 2, right support 3.
Low bottom-disc 5 is the rectangle that surrounds of four blocks of channel-section steels, is fixed with the rectangle that four blocks of channel-section steels are surrounded parallel with rectangle broadside Four blocks of channel-section steels, and rectangle channel-section steel is divided into five rectangle parts, two rectangle parts top of both sides is respectively provided with one piece of support Plate, middle rectangular section is divided into can make injection part 13 through the opening of low bottom-disc 5.Bolt connection has triangular stall board in supporting plate, Triangular stall board and left socle 2, the bolt connection of right support 3.Low bottom-disc 5 is surrounded at four square positions of rectangle in four blocks of channel-section steels It is provided with sustainable low bottom-disc 5 and adjusts the regulation screw mandrel 6 of the horizontal positioned of low bottom-disc 5, the bottom surface of low bottom-disc 5 is provided with and can make support The castor 14 that body is moved.
Left socle 2, right support 3 are all channel-section steel, and are vertically placed in opposite directions on low bottom-disc 5.Left socle 2, right support 3 lead to respectively Cross contiguous block and the bolt connection of upper bracket 1.Left socle 2, right support 3 are vertically spaced and are equidistantly correspondingly arranged through hole in opposite directions, Bolt by contiguous block in left socle 2, right support 3 is arranged on the through hole of different height, can adjust the vertical direction of upper bracket 1 Position.
Measurement part includes screw-threaded shaft elevator 7, displacement transducer 8, pressure measurement unit 11 and torque measurement part 12.
Screw-threaded shaft elevator 7 is bolted on upper bracket 1, for adjusting measurement part lifting vertically.
Displacement transducer 8 is stay-supported type displacement sensor, is bolted on upper bracket 1, the drawing of displacement transducer 8 Line is fixed on the extension platform 9 under screw-threaded shaft elevator 7, and extension platform 9 is bolted and is fixed on the lower section of screw-threaded shaft elevator 7 Leading screw flange 10 on.
The lower section of screw-threaded shaft elevator 7 is by leading screw flange 10 and the bolt connection of pressure measurement unit 11.Pressure measurement unit 11 Including pressure measurement unit shell 11D, pressure sensor 11A and put linear bearing 11B.The periphery of pressure measurement unit 11 is pressure Measurement part shell 11D, pressure measurement unit shell 11D inside are pressure sensor 11A, and pressure sensor 11A lower sections are provided with The linear bearing 11B coordinated with central shaft 15, linear bearing 11B are bolted on pressure measurement unit shell 11D, position Central shaft 15 below linear bearing 11B has axle journal section, and axle journal section is the whole circle along the circumferential direction with certain depth Groove, pressure measurement unit shell 11D with axle journal section correspondence position on be provided with stop nut 11C, stop nut 11C passes through axle Cervical part of esophagus limitation central shaft 15 vertical direction motion simultaneously can rotate central shaft 15.
The lower section of pressure measurement unit 11 is connected with torque measurement part 12 by central shaft 15, and torque measurement part 12 includes Torque sensor 12A, the rolling bearing and bearing block 12C that only carry axial compressive force.The top of torque measurement part 12 is torsion Square sensor 12A, torque sensor 12A lower section are provided with bearing block 12C bolted with torque sensor 12A, bearing block 12C Top is provided with the pressure bearing 12B for only carrying axial compressive force being engaged with bearing block 12C, pressure bearing 12B and torque sensing Device 12A is not in contact, and leaves the gap of 1-2mm, reduces the internal friction of torque measurement part 12 and influences the accurate of measurement result Property.The central shaft 15 that upper end is engaged with the linear bearing 11B of pressure measurement unit 11 passes vertically through torque sensor 12A, lower end It is engaged with pressure bearing 12B, central shaft 15 is in vertical state, only measurement axial force, it is ensured that the accuracy of the data of measurement. When torque sensor 12A is reversed, due to the effect of pressure bearing 12B, central shaft 15 is set not turn with torque sensor 12A Dynamic, injection part 13 being rotated with torque sensor 12A and gathering soil mechanics characterisitic parameter, therefore torque sensor 12A is being surveyed During amount moment of torsion, pressure sensor 11A does not carry pressure, and pressure sensor 11A is when measurement carries pressure, torque sensor 12A is not acted on by moment of torsion.So, pressure measurement unit 11 and torque measurement part 12 are individually operated, mutually not Interference.
Injection part 13 includes cone bar 13A, pawl disk 13B and pressing plate 13C.Injection part 13 is by above injection part Ring flange and measurement part bolt connection, change using different injection parts 13 according to institute's ergometry characteristic.Measurement soil is hard , using cone bar 13A, measurement soil shear characteristic uses pawl disk 13B, measurement soil to carry pressure and use pressing plate for degree and adhesion properties 13C, is carrying out to be not required to install torque measurement part 12 when soil carries pressure measxurement.
Pawl disk 13B includes pawl disk body and dog 16.Pawl disk body is cylinder, and pawl disk body has the circle of bottom surface opening Cylinder cavity 17, cavity 17 can accommodate the soil for being rotated and being piled up by dog 16, and the top surface of pawl disk body is communicated with cavity 17 Through hole, soil is discharged by through hole after piling with cavity 17.The bottom surface of pawl disk body is along the circumferential direction provided with dog 16, convex Pawl 16 forms intersection and upper bottom the cutting more than bottom that bottom is dog 16 and pawl disk body bottom surface on the side of pawl disk body Face right-angled trapezium, right-angled trapezium has radially extended certain length along pawl disk body bottom surface.Pawl disk body top is welded with ring flange 18, ring flange 18 is provided with and the bolted through hole of torque measurement part 12.
The present invention is exported by the information that measurement part is gathered by voltage signal, can obtain detected soil mechanics characteristic Parameter.
During using the present embodiment, in measurement experiment soil box during soil mechanics characteristic, experiment soil box can be placed on low bottom-disc 5 Side, directly measures.When needing mechanical characteristic outside measuring chamber, rotation adjusting screw 6 is moved upwards with respect to low bottom-disc 5, movement Castor 14 makes at rack body to soil to be measured, and rotation adjusting screw 6 is moved downward with respect to low bottom-disc 5, fixes low bottom-disc 5 and makes Low bottom-disc 5 is horizontality.Upper bracket is fixed by bolt on the corresponding through hole on left socle 2, the right support 3 of contiguous block 4 1, can adjust the position of the vertical direction of upper bracket 1.The sinkage of the regulation injection of adjusting screw lift 7 part 13.
Measurement soil changes injection part 13 into pressing plate 13B when carrying pressure, can the company of being not required under pressure measurement unit 11 Torque measurement part 12 is connected to, after injection part 13 enters soil, due to soil reaction force, pressure is withstood in the lower end of central shaft 15 Power bearing 12B, withstand pressure the contact of sensor 11A for upper end, thus can gather pressure sensor signal.
Injection part 13 is changed into cone bar 13A, the lower section spiral shell of pressure measurement unit 11 during measurement soil hardness and adhesion properties Tether and be connected to torque measurement part 12, after injection part 13 enters the complete pressure sensor 11A of soil collecting to be believed, maintain cone bar 13A injection depth of soil is constant, torsional torque sensor 12A, and cone bar 13A is rotated with torque sensor 12A, and jackshaft 15 is not Rotated with torque sensor 12A, thus can gather torque sensor 12A signals.
Injection part 13 uses pawl disk 13B during measurement soil shear characteristic, when the complete pressure letter of pawl disk 13B injection soil collectings After number, maintain pawl disk 13B injection depth of soil constant, torsional torque sensor 12A, pawl disk 13B turn with torque sensor 12A It is dynamic, and jackshaft 15 is not rotated with torque sensor 12A, the dog 16 of pawl disk body is only along dog 16 and pawl disk body bottom surface Non-perpendicular connection side is rotated, and the soil that pawl disk body is deposited between dog 16 due to rotation can be turned in pawl disk body Cavity 17 in, when accommodating soil in the cavity 17, the through hole that pawl disk body top surface is connected with cavity 17 is by empty intracavity gas Discharge, and by the accumulation situation of soil in through hole Observable cavity 17, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement data.Thus torsion can be gathered Square sensor signal and obtain the shear property parameter of soil.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic, including displacement transducer, pressure sensor and torque sensing Device, it is characterised in that:Including rack body, measurement part and the injection part detachably installed with measurement part;
The rack body includes low bottom-disc, is fixedly connected on low bottom-disc and the left socle, the right support that are oppositely arranged, and be placed in The upper bracket being fixedly connected between left socle, right support and with left socle, right support;
The measurement part includes being fixedly mounted on the screw-threaded shaft elevator that upper bracket is used to make measurement part vertically lift And for measuring the displacement transducer of injection part sinkage, the lower section of the screw-threaded shaft elevator is fixedly connected by leading screw flange There is pressure measurement unit, the pressure measurement unit lower section is connected with torque measurement part by central shaft;
The injection part includes cone bar, the pawl for measuring soil shear characteristic for measuring soil hardness and adhesion properties Disk and the pressing plate for measuring soil carrying pressure.
2. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pressure is surveyed Amount part includes the pressure measurement unit shell for being placed in pressure measurement unit periphery, the pressure being placed in pressure measurement unit shell Sensor and be placed in pressure sensor lower section, be fixedly connected on pressure measurement unit shell and with vertical central shaft coordinate it is straight Bobbin holds;Central shaft below linear bearing has axle journal section, and axle journal section is the whole circle along the circumferential direction with depth Groove, the pressure measurement unit shell with axle journal section correspondence position on be provided with stop nut, stop nut is by axle journal section The motion of limitation central shaft vertical direction simultaneously can rotate central shaft.
3. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:The torsion Square measurement part includes torque sensor, only carries the rolling bearing of axial compressive force and be engaged with rolling bearing and fixed company The bearing block below torque sensor is connected on, central shaft passes vertically through torque sensor and is engaged with rolling bearing.
4. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The axis of rolling Hold and be not in contact with torque sensor.
5. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pawl Pan Bao Include pawl disk body and be placed in the dog of pawl disk body bottom surface, the pawl disk body has the cavity of bottom surface opening, the cavity energy Accommodate and rotated by dog and be deposited in the soil between dog, the top surface of the pawl disk body is communicated with the through hole of cavity.
6. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The pawl disk sheet Body bottom surface is along the circumferential direction provided with dog, and it is dog and pawl disk body bottom that the dog forms bottom on the side of pawl disk body , more than the section right-angled trapezium of bottom, right-angled trapezium radially extended one section long along pawl disk body bottom surface for the intersection in face and upper bottom Degree.
7. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The low bottom-disc Center is provided with can make injection part through the opening of low bottom-disc.
8. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The low bottom-disc It is provided with sustainable low bottom-disc and adjusts the regulation screw mandrel of low bottom-disc horizontal positioned.
9. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The low bottom-disc Bottom surface be provided with the castor that can move rack body.
10. measurement apparatus for measuring soil mechanics characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The left branch Vertically interval is equidistantly correspondingly arranged through hole in opposite directions on frame, right support.
CN201611205680.6A 2016-12-23 2016-12-23 Measuring device for measuring mechanical properties of soil Active CN106769523B (en)

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Cited By (7)

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CN107219134A (en) * 2017-07-03 2017-09-29 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 Terra mechanics parameter test device
CN108020646A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-05-11 中央民族大学 In site measurement sea-sediment interface position and the device and method of mechanical characteristic
CN109085051A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-12-25 嘉兴中诚工程检测有限公司 Injection type mortar strength detector
CN111198143A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-26 大连理工大学 Electric control type penetrometer for measuring hardness of accumulated snow
CN111351700A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-06-30 江西农业大学 Paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment
CN111579366A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-08-25 延安大学 Soil pressure-bearing and shearing experiment testing device
CN111735703A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-02 吉林大学 Portable belleville instrument

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107219134A (en) * 2017-07-03 2017-09-29 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 Terra mechanics parameter test device
CN107219134B (en) * 2017-07-03 2024-01-30 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 Ground mechanical parameter testing device
CN108020646A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-05-11 中央民族大学 In site measurement sea-sediment interface position and the device and method of mechanical characteristic
CN109085051A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-12-25 嘉兴中诚工程检测有限公司 Injection type mortar strength detector
CN111198143A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-26 大连理工大学 Electric control type penetrometer for measuring hardness of accumulated snow
CN111351700A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-06-30 江西农业大学 Paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment
CN111579366A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-08-25 延安大学 Soil pressure-bearing and shearing experiment testing device
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