CN112725796A - 一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺 - Google Patents
一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,步骤一:使用PC+GF/PC+ABS/PC+ABS+GF/PPS+GF/PPO+GF/PA/PA+GF等工程塑料进行注塑,其中GF为玻纤,依据塑料基材性能的要求,GF的含量从10%到60%,步骤二:采用激光机对基材表面进行选择性粗活,激光的作用是在基材表面形成微孔结构,与对LDS材料激光活化的作用不同,本发明涉及LDS技术技术领域。该提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,本发明经过激光粗化的物料进入到超声槽去除粉尘,然后进行表面改性,改性的主要目的是在塑料的长碳分子链上接枝羟基基团,以便后续的活化金属能够更紧密的连接塑料基材与金属镀层,从而提高普通塑料表面与镀层的结合强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及LDS技术技术领域,具体为一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺。
背景技术
LDS技术是目前在终端天线领域实现立体电路的最主要的方法之一,其工艺流程为对含有触媒的特殊塑料进行激光活化,在塑料表面实现3D形状的图案,该图案在激光的作用下被激活且形成了孔隙结构,然后在化镀药水中对激活的位置进行金属化,从而形成了能够发射信号的立体线路。类似的,目前也有人在普通塑料表面进行激光镭射,采用一定的化镀前处理,将镭射区域激活从而形成与LDS相似的立体线路。但是采用上述方法制备的镀层仍然存在着一些工艺本身所固有的缺陷,首先LDS本身的材质成本较高,且由于添加了触媒,对信号性能有不良的影响,特别是随着5G技术的应用,触媒对信号的影响日益显著,触媒的加入也对塑料的耐老化性能产生不良的影响。而采用普通塑料制备的镀层,虽然不影响塑料的耐候性和信号的发射性能,但由于激光粗化以及活化剂没有选择性的原因,金属化过程中容易出现溢镀和漏镀的风险,而前处理不好的物料容易出现镀层附着力的问题。另外上述两种金属化方案,由于是在塑料基材表面进行化镀的金属化过程,不可避免的会出现化镀的沉积缺陷,在金属化的过程中在镀层上存在大量的针孔,受塑料基材激光粗化的影响,只能原位生长的化镀镀层的粗糙度较高,从而影响了镀层本身的可靠性和电性能。再者上述金属化的实现是在化学镀药水中进行的,较低的上镀速度和不稳定的药水造成过了生产效率低下,生产成本高的现实问题。
因此改善普通塑料激光选择性镭射面的活性状态,提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、可靠性以及镀层的制备效率显的尤为重要。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,解决上述问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一:使用PC+GF/PC+ABS/PC+ABS+GF/PPS+GF/PPO+GF/PA/PA+GF等工程塑料进行注塑,其中GF为玻纤,依据塑料基材性能的要求,GF的含量从10%到60%。
步骤二:采用激光机对基材表面进行选择性粗活,激光的作用是在基材表面形成微孔结构,与对LDS材料激光活化的作用不同,由于是在普通基材上进行激光镭射,材料中不含触媒,激光只有粗化作用,没有活化作用;
步骤三:经过激光粗化的物料进入到超声槽去除粉尘,然后进行表面改性,改性的主要目的是在塑料的长碳分子链上接枝羟基基团,以便后续的活化金属能够更紧密的连接塑料基材与金属镀层,改性后的镀层表面具有更大的比表面积,更容易跟后续活性离子钯或者银吸附,从而提高镀层的结合强度;
步骤四:经过改性的塑料基材进入到活化药水中进行活化,在镭射区域形成活性中心,以便后续的化镀药水能够在活性点上发生自催化反应;
步骤五:经过活化的塑料基材在还原后进行化学沉镍/化学沉铜反应,其中化学沉镍采用的是碱性化学镍或者酸性镍,化学镍中的磷含量可以从3%-13%(重量百分比),依据镀层的性能要求的不同进行选择,化学沉铜的镀层主要目的是为了做5G相关的产品时,采用非磁性的铜镀层,可以改善产品的PIM(互调)值,满足更高的信号发射要求;
步骤六:化镀后产品经过5%硫酸活化后进入电镀溶液中进行电镀铜加厚;
步骤七:经过电镀的镀层进入到微蚀药水里面,由于在化镀过程中,部分区域由于粉尘或者外力的作用造成了部分溢镀的现象,由于在电镀的过程中没有被加厚,因此经过酸性腐蚀,溢镀的铜或者镍可以被腐蚀掉,从而得到干净、细致的金属化镀层。
步骤八:电镀铜加厚的镀层进行电镀镍或者电镀锡的制程,具体根据后续组装制程的需求而定,完成电镀的物料进入后处理药水后进行烘干,完成电化镀的全制程。
优选的,所述步骤四中的活化药水可以是钯作为基础活性离子也可以是银作为基础活性离子。
优选的,所述步骤二中的激光光源可以是:红外光源、紫外光源。
优选的,所述步骤六中的电镀铜为酸性镀铜,主要成分为硫酸铜/硫酸/光亮剂/整平剂,所制备的镀层具有镀层致密,镀速快,镀层均匀的特点解决了化镀层表面疏松,镀层含有大量的针孔,镀速慢生产效率底下的缺点。
优选的,所述步骤五中化学镀铜/化学镀镍层的厚度为0.2um-1.0um之间,较薄的镀层既能满足镭射区域的导电连续性,又不会造成非镭射区域更多的粉尘溢镀,以利于后续电镀增厚后粉尘被蚀刻掉。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供了一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺。具备以下有益效果:
(1)、该提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,本发明经过激光粗化的物料进入到超声槽去除粉尘,然后进行表面改性,改性的主要目的是在塑料的长碳分子链上接枝羟基基团,以便后续的活化金属能够更紧密的连接塑料基材与金属镀层,从而提高普通塑料表面与镀层的结合强度。
(2)、经过活化的塑料基材在还原后进行化学沉镍/化学沉铜反应,其中化学沉镍采用的是碱性化学镍或者酸性镍,化学镍中的磷含量可以从3%-13%(重量百分比),依据镀层的性能要求的不同进行选择。化学沉铜的镀层主要目的是为了做5G相关的产品时,采用非磁性的铜镀层,可以改善产品的PIM(互调)值,满足更高的信号发射要求,其中化学镀铜/化学镀镍层的厚度为0.2um-1.0um之间,较薄的镀层既能满足镭射区域的导电连续性,又不会造成非镭射区域更多的粉尘溢镀,以利于后续电镀增厚后粉尘被蚀刻掉。
(3)、化镀后产品经过5%硫酸活化后进入电镀溶液中进行电镀铜加厚,该电镀铜为酸性镀铜,主要成分为硫酸铜/硫酸/光亮剂/整平剂,所制备的镀层具有镀层致密,镀速快,镀层均匀的特点解决了化镀层表面疏松,镀层含有大量的针孔,镀速慢生产效率底下的缺点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种技术方案:一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,具体包括如下步骤:。
步骤一:使用PC+GF/PC+ABS/PC+ABS+GF/PPS+GF/PPO+GF/PA/PA+GF等工程塑料进行注塑,其中GF为玻纤,依据塑料基材性能的要求,GF的含量从10%到60%。
步骤二:采用激光机对基材表面进行选择性粗活,激光的作用是在基材表面形成微孔结构,与对LDS材料激光活化的作用不同,由于是在普通基材上进行激光镭射,材料中不含触媒,激光只有粗化作用,没有活化作用;
步骤三:经过激光粗化的物料进入到超声槽去除粉尘,然后进行表面改性,改性的主要目的是在塑料的长碳分子链上接枝羟基基团,以便后续的活化金属能够更紧密的连接塑料基材与金属镀层,改性后的镀层表面具有更大的比表面积,更容易跟后续活性离子钯或者银吸附,从而提高镀层的结合强度;
步骤四:经过改性的塑料基材进入到活化药水中进行活化,在镭射区域形成活性中心,以便后续的化镀药水能够在活性点上发生自催化反应;
步骤五:经过活化的塑料基材在还原后进行化学沉镍/化学沉铜反应,其中化学沉镍采用的是碱性化学镍或者酸性镍,化学镍中的磷含量可以从3%-13%(重量百分比),依据镀层的性能要求的不同进行选择,化学沉铜的镀层主要目的是为了做5G相关的产品时,采用非磁性的铜镀层,可以改善产品的PIM(互调)值,满足更高的信号发射要求;
步骤六:化镀后产品经过5%硫酸活化后进入电镀溶液中进行电镀铜加厚;
步骤七:经过电镀的镀层进入到微蚀药水里面,由于在化镀过程中,部分区域由于粉尘或者外力的作用造成了部分溢镀的现象,由于在电镀的过程中没有被加厚,因此经过酸性腐蚀,溢镀的铜或者镍可以被腐蚀掉,从而得到干净、细致的金属化镀层。
步骤八:电镀铜加厚的镀层进行电镀镍或者电镀锡的制程,具体根据后续组装制程的需求而定,完成电镀的物料进入后处理药水后进行烘干,完成电化镀的全制程。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:具体包括如下步骤:
步骤一:使用PC+GF/PC+ABS/PC+ABS+GF/PPS+GF/PPO+GF/PA/PA+GF等工程塑料进行注塑,其中GF为玻纤,依据塑料基材性能的要求,GF的含量从10%到60%。
步骤二:采用激光机对基材表面进行选择性粗活,激光的作用是在基材表面形成微孔结构,与对LDS材料激光活化的作用不同,由于是在普通基材上进行激光镭射,材料中不含触媒,激光只有粗化作用,没有活化作用;
步骤三:经过激光粗化的物料进入到超声槽去除粉尘,然后进行表面改性,改性的主要目的是在塑料的长碳分子链上接枝羟基基团,以便后续的活化金属能够更紧密的连接塑料基材与金属镀层,改性后的镀层表面具有更大的比表面积,更容易跟后续活性离子钯或者银吸附,从而提高镀层的结合强度;
步骤四:经过改性的塑料基材进入到活化药水中进行活化,在镭射区域形成活性中心,以便后续的化镀药水能够在活性点上发生自催化反应;
步骤五:经过活化的塑料基材在还原后进行化学沉镍/化学沉铜反应,其中化学沉镍采用的是碱性化学镍或者酸性镍,化学镍中的磷含量可以从3%-13%(重量百分比),依据镀层的性能要求的不同进行选择,化学沉铜的镀层主要目的是为了做5G相关的产品时,采用非磁性的铜镀层,可以改善产品的PIM(互调)值,满足更高的信号发射要求;
步骤六:化镀后产品经过5%硫酸活化后进入电镀溶液中进行电镀铜加厚;
步骤七:经过电镀的镀层进入到微蚀药水里面,由于在化镀过程中,部分区域由于粉尘或者外力的作用造成了部分溢镀的现象,由于在电镀的过程中没有被加厚,因此经过酸性腐蚀,溢镀的铜或者镍可以被腐蚀掉,从而得到干净、细致的金属化镀层。
步骤八:电镀铜加厚的镀层进行电镀镍或者电镀锡的制程,具体根据后续组装制程的需求而定,完成电镀的物料进入后处理药水后进行烘干,完成电化镀的全制程。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤四中的活化药水可以是钯作为基础活性离子也可以是银作为基础活性离子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤二中的激光光源可以是:红外光源、紫外光源。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤六中的电镀铜为酸性镀铜,主要成分为硫酸铜/硫酸/光亮剂/整平剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高普通塑料表面选择性金属化镀层的致密性、提高镀层制备效率的工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤五中化学镀铜/化学镀镍层的厚度为0.2um-1.0um之间。
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