CN112724221A - 拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82及其应用 - Google Patents
拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112724221A CN112724221A CN202110103598.7A CN202110103598A CN112724221A CN 112724221 A CN112724221 A CN 112724221A CN 202110103598 A CN202110103598 A CN 202110103598A CN 112724221 A CN112724221 A CN 112724221A
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- spamplin
- scylla paramamosain
- antibacterial
- antibacterial peptide
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Abstract
本发明公开了拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58‑82及其应用,其分子式为C131H218N36O36S1,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58‑82,具有较强的抗细菌活性及抗真菌活性,抗菌谱广,杀菌速率快,在研制防腐剂、食品添加剂、抗菌剂等方面具有广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海洋分子生物学技术领域,具体涉及多肽及其应用。
背景技术
拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain),简称青蟹,是我国东南沿海重要的经济养殖蟹类。青蟹生活在复杂的海洋环境中,经常会遭受各种病原微生物的侵染,青蟹养殖过程中微生物病害频繁发生,使青蟹养殖业经常蒙受重大损失,因而如何提高青蟹的成活率已成为蟹类养殖业中一个亟待解决的问题。
抗菌肽(Antimicrobial Peptide,AMP)又称为宿主防御肽,是一类广泛存在于自然界生物体中的小分子多肽物质,广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物等生物体中。尽管抗菌肽的长度、氨基酸组成和二级结构各不相同,但其都具有适合与膜结合的两亲性结构。抗菌肽的种类繁多,理化性质各不相同,导致它们的杀菌机制差异较大。
细菌病的防治是长期以来困扰人类的难题,特别是随着青霉素等传统抗生素的长期广泛应用,许多细菌都产生了明显的耐药性,因此开发全新的抗菌药物已迫在眉睫。随着新抗菌肽的不断发现和对抗菌肽作用机制的不断深入了解,具有广谱抗菌的抗菌肽有着明显的优势。抗菌肽可以通过使用多种机理杀灭微生物,不易使病原菌产生耐药性,是一种具有巨大发展潜力的新型抗菌药,为人们寻找理想的抗菌药物提供新的领域。
已有报道显示抗菌肽在青蟹抵抗海洋环境中病原微生物的入侵感染方面具有重要作用。因此,研究青蟹新抗菌肽的特性与功能,将丰富青蟹先天免疫防御机制的知识,也能为青蟹乃至甲壳类养殖疾病的防治提供新的思路。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处,提供了拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82及其应用,该拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82具有较强的抗细菌活性及抗真菌活性,具有广泛的用途。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之一是:
一种拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,具体为:
Lys-Ala-Ala-Val-Thr-Ile-Arg-Lys-Glu-Gln-Ser-Cys-Asn-Lys-Ser-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Phe-Val-Lys-Lys-Val-Tyr-Val
本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82由25个氨基酸组成,分子式为C131H218N36O36S1,分子量为2905.45道尔顿,具有很强的水溶性,是一种带有正电荷的阳离子多肽。
所述拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82可以以固体(如粉末等)、液体(如水溶液等)等多种形式应用。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之二是:
一种拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82在制备抗菌剂中的应用。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之三是:
一种抗菌剂,其有效成分包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。
所述抗菌剂用于抑制和/或杀灭革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或真菌等中的至少一种。
所述革兰氏阳性菌例如为金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、屎肠球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌等。
所述革兰氏阴性菌例如为鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、施氏假单胞菌、弗氏志贺氏菌等。
所述真菌例如为黑曲霉、赭曲霉、尖孢镰孢、腐皮镰孢、禾谷镰孢、新型隐球菌等。用于抑制或杀灭真菌中的霉菌时产生防霉作用,也可称为防霉剂。
本发明所述的“抗菌剂”可以是药物形式的抗菌剂,即作为抗菌药物,也可以是非药物形式的抗菌剂,例如作为消毒产品、或作为纺织品、塑料等产品的添加剂等。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之四是:
一种拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82在制备防腐剂中的应用。
本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82具有抑制或杀灭多种微生物如革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、真菌等的抗菌效果,因而也可作为防腐剂,防止由微生物引起的腐败变质等,可用于食品、医疗品、化妆品等领域。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之五是:
一种防腐剂,其有效成分包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。
所述防腐剂尤其适合用于抑制和/或杀灭黑曲霉、赭曲霉、尖孢镰孢、腐皮镰孢或禾谷镰孢中的至少一种。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之六是:
一种拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82在制备食品添加剂中的应用。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之七是:
一种食品添加剂,其有效成分包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。
所述拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82安全性好,可用于食品饲料添加剂,抑制和/或杀灭食源性污染微生物,如单核细胞增生李斯特菌等。
本发明所涉及的设备、试剂、工艺、参数等,除有特别说明外,均为常规设备、试剂、工艺、参数等,不再作实施例。
本发明所列举的所有范围包括该范围内的所有点值。
本发明所述“大约”、“约”或“左右”等指的是所述范围或数值的±20%范围内。
本技术方案与背景技术相比,它具有如下优点:
1、本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、丝状真菌均有显著的抗菌效果,说明其具有较强的抗细菌活性及抗真菌活性,抗菌效果好,抗菌谱广,杀菌速率快。
2、本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对拟穴青蟹血细胞和人肾上皮细胞(293T)无明显毒性,安全性好。
3、本发明的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82可以研制成为防腐剂、抗菌防霉剂和抗菌药物等,也可以应用于食品添加剂,具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对鲍曼不动杆菌(a)和单核细胞增生李斯特菌(b)的杀菌动力学图;在图1中,横坐标为时间(min),纵坐标为杀菌指数(%)。
图2为拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82抑制腐皮镰孢菌孢子萌发实验图;抗菌肽Spamplin58-82终浓度为A:0μM;B:1.5μM;C:3μM;D:6μM;E:12μM;F:24μM;G:48μM;H:96μM。
图3为拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82抑制黑曲霉孢子萌发实验图;抗菌肽Spamplin58-82终浓度为A:0μM;B:1.5μM;C:3μM;D:6μM;E:12μM;F:24μM;G:48μM;H:96μM。
图4为拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82与鲍曼不动杆菌作用后扫描电镜观察图;其中,A:鲍曼不动杆菌;B:鲍曼不动杆菌+12μM Spamplin58-82;C:鲍曼不动杆菌+24μMSpamplin58-82。
图5为拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82与单核细胞增生李斯特菌作用后扫描电镜观察图;其中,A:单核细胞增生李斯特菌;B:单核细胞增生李斯特菌+6μM Spamplin58-82;C:单核细胞增生李斯特菌+12μM Spamplin58-82。
图6为MTS-PMS法检测拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对正常拟穴青蟹血细胞(a)和293T细胞(b)的细胞毒性实验图;其中,横坐标为Spamplin58-82蛋白浓度(μM),纵坐标为细胞增殖率(%)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82的制备
拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,具体为:
Lys-Ala-Ala-Val-Thr-Ile-Arg-Lys-Glu-Gln-Ser-Cys-Asn-Lys-Ser-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Phe-Val-Lys-Lys-Val-Tyr-Val
采用现有的固相化学合成的方法即可得到纯度达95%以上拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。本实施例中的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82委托金斯瑞(上海)有限公司以固相合成方法合成获得,并提供多肽分子量、HPLC等检测信息。
抗菌肽Spamplin58-82理化参数如表1所示。
表1抗菌肽Spamplin58-82理化参数
由表1可知,Spamplin58-82分子量小、稳定性较好,具有较强的水溶性,是一种带有正电荷的阳离子多肽。
实施例2拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82最小抑菌浓度(MIC:Minimum InhibitionConcentration)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC:Minimum Bactericidal Concentration)的测定本实施例中所涉及到的菌株有:金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)、铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas Aeruginosa)、施氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri)、弗氏志贺氏菌(Shigella flexneri)、鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)、新型隐球菌(Cryptococcus neoformans)、毕赤酵母(Pichiapastoris)、禾谷镰孢(Fusarium graminearum)、尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)、赭曲霉(Aspergillus ochraceus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、腐皮镰孢(Fusarium solani)。毕赤酵母GS115购自Invitrogen公司,其余菌株均购自中国科学院微生物研究所菌种保藏中心,由本实验室保种贮藏。
具体方法如下:
(1)将保种的金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、屎肠球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、施氏假单胞菌、弗氏志贺氏菌和鲍曼不动杆菌涂布于营养肉汤平板上,在各适宜温度倒置培养18~24h;新型隐球菌和毕赤酵母涂布于YPD平板上,于28℃倒置培养1~3d;禾谷镰孢、尖孢镰孢、赭曲霉、黑曲霉、腐皮镰孢孢子涂布于马铃薯葡萄糖平板上,于28℃倒置培养1~7d。
(2)从各平板上挑取菌落接种于相应的培养基斜面上,细菌、弧菌继续培养18~24h,酵母真菌继续培养1~3d,霉菌继续培养1~7d。用10mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=7.4)将细菌、弧菌和酵母真菌从斜面上冲下,调整菌悬液浓度。用MH液体培养基和磷酸钠缓冲液混合液稀释细菌;用YPD液体培养基和磷酸钠缓冲液混合液稀释酵母真菌;用2216液体培养基稀释弧菌,使得菌体的最终浓度为3.3×104cfu/mL。用10mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=7.4)将霉菌孢子从斜面上冲下,用马铃薯葡萄糖液体培养基和磷酸钠缓冲液混合液稀释孢子,利用血球计数板在光学显微镜下对孢子计数,调整孢子浓度,使得霉菌孢子最终浓度为5×104个/mL。
(3)将已合成的Spamplin58-82粉末分别用灭菌MiliiQ水溶解,经过0.22μm滤膜过滤后,倍比稀释蛋白浓度至3μM、6μM、12μM、24μM、48μM、96μM、192μM,置于冰上备用。
(4)在96孔细胞培养板上,每种待测菌设置空白对照组、阴性对照组和待测实验组,每组设置三个平行:
a空白对照组:50μL待测蛋白样品和50μL培养基
b阴性对照组:50μL无菌Milli-Q水和50μL菌悬液
c待测实验组:50μL待测蛋白样品和50μL菌悬液
(5)将96孔细胞培养板置于培养箱中,培养1~2d,观察待测实验组中MIC结果;将待测实验组吹打混匀后,吸取适量的菌液滴于相应固体培养基平板上,于适宜温度倒置培养1~2d,观察MBC结果。
拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82 MIC、MBC观察结果如表2所示:
表2拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82的抗菌活性
注:MIC:最小抑菌浓度(μM),用a~b表示。a:肉眼可见菌体生长的最高蛋白浓度;b:肉眼未见菌体生长的最低蛋白浓度
MBC:最小杀菌浓度(μM),用a~b表示。a:平板可见菌落生长的最高蛋白浓度;b:平板未见菌落生长的最低蛋白浓度
实施例3拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82杀菌动力学曲线
选取鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌作为待测菌,对拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82的杀菌动力学进行测定。
具体方法与实施例2中所述的抗菌活性测定类似。调整Spamplin58-82终浓度为(24μM)。在共孵后15min、30min、45min、60min、90min,将96孔细胞培养板取空白对照组、阴性对照组、待测实验组混匀,吸取6μL施氏假单胞菌菌悬液稀释至600μL DPBS中,混匀后吸取40μL涂布至营养肉汤平板上,37℃倒置培养1~2d,记录鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌数量,计算杀菌指数。
杀菌指数是指经过一定时间共孵后,待测实验组的克隆数与阴性对照组克隆数的比值,用百分比表示(参见图1)。结果显示拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌具有良好的杀菌性能。
实施例4拟穴青蟹抗菌多肽Spamplin58-82作用后霉菌孢子萌发的光学显微镜观察
选取黑曲霉、腐皮镰孢作为待测菌,观察拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对各霉菌孢子萌发的影响。
具体方法与实施例2中所述的抗菌活性测定类似。调整Spamplin58-82蛋白浓度为3μM、6μM、12μM、24μM、48μM、96μM、192μM,置于冰上备用;调整各霉菌孢子最终浓度为5×104个/mL。将等体积各浓度Spamplin4-23与各霉菌孢子于96孔细胞培养板混匀,置于28℃培养箱中,静置培养24h,在光学显微镜下观察霉菌孢子萌发情况(参见图2和图3)。结果显示拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82可抑制黑曲霉、腐皮镰孢的孢子萌发。
实施例5拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82与细菌作用后的扫描电镜观察
选取鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌作为待测菌株,扫描电镜样品的制备按以下步骤进行:
(1)如实施例2所述制备鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌(OD600=0.2),冰上放置备用。
(2)用灭菌纯水溶解合成肽Spamplin58-82,并调整蛋白浓度为12μM、24μM、48μM,冰上放置备用。
(3)悬液和蛋白等体积混合后在适宜温度孵育适宜时间。
(4)加入等体积戊二醛固定液,4℃固定2h后,1000g离心10min。
(5)去尽上清,PBS清洗一次,1000g离心10min。
(6)去除大部分上清,留约10μL液体,将剩余悬液滴在玻片上,4℃静置过夜。
(7)PBS清洗一次。
(8)30%-50%-70%-80%-90%-95%-100%-100%(v/v)乙醇逐级脱水,每级脱水15min。
(9)用叔丁醇置换乙醇,4℃过夜冷冻;或者醋酸异戊酯置换乙醇后待干燥。
(10)叔丁醇脱水的用冷冻干燥仪冷冻干燥;醋酸异戊酯脱水的用临界点干燥仪干燥。
(11)喷金后用扫描电子显微镜观察及拍照(参见图4和图5)。结果显示拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82可使鲍曼不动杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌体破裂,可能是其发挥抗菌作用的机理之一。
实施例6拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82细胞毒性测定
选取正常拟穴青蟹血细胞和人肾上皮细胞(293T),对拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82细胞毒性进行测定。
(1)收集生长状态良好的拟穴青蟹血细胞,调整细胞浓度为1×105个/mL,将细胞均匀吹散,在96孔细胞培养板中每孔加入100μL细胞悬液,置于适宜温度培养箱培养至80%以上细胞贴壁。
(2)小心吸出培养基,加入含有不同浓度(0μM、3μM、6μM、12μM、24μM、48μM、96μM)Spamplin58-82的培养基,置于适宜温度培养箱培养24h。
(3)加入20μL MTS-PMS溶液后避光孵育2h后,使用酶标仪测得OD492值,评价Spamplin58-82的细胞毒性(参见图6)。结果显示拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82对正常拟穴青蟹血细胞和293T细胞无明显的细胞毒性,安全性较好。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。
序列表
<110> 厦门大学
<120> 拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 25
<212> PRT
<213> 拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)
<400> 1
Lys Ala Ala Val Thr Ile Arg Lys Glu Gln Ser Cys Asn Lys Ser Ser
1 5 10 15
Lys Tyr Phe Val Lys Lys Val Tyr Val
20 25
Claims (10)
1.一种拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82,其特征在于:其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
2.一种权利要求1所述的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82在制备抗菌剂中的应用。
3.一种抗菌剂,其特征在于:所述抗菌剂包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抗菌剂,其特征在于:所述抗菌剂用于抑制和/或杀灭革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或真菌中的至少一种;所述革兰氏阳性菌包括金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、屎肠球菌、表皮葡萄球菌或蜡状芽孢杆菌中的至少一种;所述革兰氏阴性菌包括鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、施氏假单胞菌或弗氏志贺氏菌中的至少一种;所述真菌包括黑曲霉、赭曲霉、尖孢镰孢、腐皮镰孢、禾谷镰孢或新型隐球菌中的至少一种。
5.一种权利要求1所述的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82在制备防腐剂中的应用。
6.一种防腐剂,其特征在于:所述防腐剂包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Spamplin58-82。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防腐剂,其特征在于:所述防腐剂用于抑制和/或杀灭黑曲霉、赭曲霉、尖孢镰孢、腐皮镰孢或禾谷镰孢中的至少一种。
8.一种权利要求1所述的拟穴青蟹抗菌多肽Spamplin58-82在制备食品添加剂中的应用。
9.一种食品添加剂,其特征在于:所述食品添加剂包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的拟穴青蟹抗菌多肽Spamplin58-82。
10.根据权利要求9所述的食品添加剂,其特征在于:所述食品添加剂用于抑制和/或杀灭食源性污染的单核细胞增生李斯特菌。
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