CN112724171B - 一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
- C07F9/5728—Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or carbocyclic ring systems
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种2‑膦酰基‑3‑氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物,其结构复杂多样,化合物中含有膦酰基、吲哚环和氟代乙烯基,可以进行进一步结构修饰,作为有机合成重要中间体,且将膦酰基还原为三价膦后又可作为一类重要的膦配体参与过渡金属等催化的有机合成反应。本发明的2‑膦酰基‑3‑氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:在空气氛围下,以二氟甲基吲哚甲醇化合物和二取代氧膦化合物为原料,在溶剂中反应即可,方法简单,无需任何催化剂,绿色环保,反应条件温和,并且产率较高,反应底物范围广。本发明的2‑膦酰基‑3‑氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物既可以作为配体又可以作为有机合成中间体,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学合成技术领域,具体涉及一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
吲哚及其衍生物是一类十分重要的生物碱,在自然界中分布广泛,吲哚类化合物在医药、农药、功能材料、植物精油等领域具有十分重要的应用。另外一方面,有机膦化合物不仅作为配体、农药,同时在医药、防火材料等领域也具有广泛的应用。而2-膦酰基吲哚化合物在医药领域具有十分重要的应用,如作为非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂在治疗HIV-1方面表现出优异的效果(J.Med.Chem.2011,54,392–395;TetrahedronLett.2007,48,6080–6083;J.Clin.Pharmacol.2009,49,1408–1417);此外2-膦酰基化合物不仅作为配体广泛应用于有机催化领域(J.Org.Chem.2008,73,7803–7806;Adv.Synth.Catal.2008,350,1610–1614;Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 2010,21,2376–2384),而且在材料领域也具有十分重要的应用(RSC Adv.2015,5,94990–94996)。
氟是自然界中存在最广泛的元素之一,氟原子由于独特的理化性质及超强的电负性,将氟原子或含氟基团引入有机分子,不仅显著改变母体化合物理化性质,还能够显著影响其药学活性。如氟的存在提高了化合物的脂溶性、渗透性和生物可利用性,增强了药物的结合选择性以及代谢稳定性,也减少了药物耐药性的产生。近年来,含氟有机化合物在医药、农药、材料以及PET成像等领域具有十分重要的应用。目前约15%~20%的现代药物和30%农药中至少含有一个氟原子。单氟取代的烯烃不仅是一类十分重要的有机合成中间体,而且还可作为生物肽键的电子等排体用于改善生物活性分子的性质。很多重要的药物活性分子中具有三取代单氟烯烃单元。
目前尚无文献报道2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法。关于2-膦酰基吲哚的合成方法有很多,比如二异氰苯乙烯与二苯氧膦在光催化条件下的环化反应(Org.Lett.2018,20,2382-2385),吲哚与二苯氧膦类化合物在银催化剂以及过量氧化剂作用下自由基加成C2膦酰化反应(Adv.Synth.Catal.2016,358,1753–1758),邻碘苯胺与氧膦取代的炔在过渡金属催化下的偶联环化反应(Org.Lett.2010,12,1476-1479),等等,但是这些现有技术的方法存在诸多问题,例如,需要使用昂贵的光敏剂、价格不菲的金属催化剂、过量的氧化剂等,同时很多方法还存在原料较难合成以及反应需要苛刻的无水无氧条件等。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中制备2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的方面的技术空白,提供了一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的方法。该方法无需任何催化剂,具有选择性高、底物适用范围广并且原料合成简单、反应条件温和、绿色环保等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物,其结构式如式(I)所示:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5为各自独立的基团,R1选自氢、卤素、羟基、酯基或甲氧基中的一种;R2选自苯基、卤素取代苯基、烷基取代苯基、萘基或噻吩中的一种;R3选自氢、甲基、苄基中的一种;R4,R5选自苯基、卤素取代苯基、烷基取代苯基、萘基、噻吩基、C1-C5直链烷基、环戊基、环己基中的一种。
上述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:以二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物和二取代氧膦类化合物为原料,在溶剂中进行反应,反应结束后分离纯化,即得。
反应式如下:
进一步,所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物如式(II)所示:
式(II)中R1、R2、R3同式(I)中R1、R2、R3对应一致。
进一步,所述二取代氧膦类化合物如(III)所示:
式(III)中R4、R5同式(I)中R4、R5对应一致。
进一步,所述溶剂为95%乙醇、无水甲醇、四氢呋喃、异丙醇、甲苯、氯苯或二氯乙烷中的任意一种,优选为95%乙醇,产率最佳。本发明中,95%乙醇指的是体积浓度为95%的乙醇。
进一步,所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物与二取代氧膦类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.5。
进一步,所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物在溶剂中的浓度为0.4mol/L。
进一步,所述反应温度为80-85℃,反应时间为6-24h。
进一步,所述分离纯化是指:先将反应液进行旋蒸浓缩,再通过200~300目硅胶柱层析分离。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明提供了一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物,并成功实现了它的合成。
(2)本发明以二氟甲基吲哚甲醇化合物和二取代氧膦化合物为原料,合成2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物,该合成方法无需任何催化剂,反应溶剂绿色,官能团兼容性好、适用底物范围广并且操作简便,产率较高。
(3)本发明的2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物不仅是重要的有机合成中间体,而且也可以作为配体应用于金属催化。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振氢谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振碳谱图;
图3为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振氟谱图;
图4为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振磷谱图;
图5为本发明实施例1制备的化合物1aa的单晶衍射图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明,在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),95%乙醇(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1aa(161.0mg,白色固体,产率92%)。
实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振氢谱图如图1所示;实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振碳谱图如图2所示;实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振氟谱图如图3所示;实施例1制备的化合物1aa的核磁共振磷谱图如图4所示;实施例1制备的化合物1aa的单晶衍射图如图5所示。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.14(s,1H),7.64(dd,J=12.7,7.7Hz,4H),7.47(dd,J=15.9,8.0Hz,3H),7.33(td,J=7.6,2.5Hz,4H),7.30-7.25(m,3H),7.16-7.08(m,5H),7.05(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.47(d,J=83.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ148.1(d,JC-F=277.1Hz),137.8(d,J=9.5Hz),134.6(d,J=3.5Hz),132.3(d,J=2.1Hz),132.0(d,J=10.6Hz),131.6(d,JC-P=112.4Hz),129.6(d,J=1.8Hz),129.5(d,J=3.0Hz),128.7(d,J=6.8Hz),128.4(d,J=12.6Hz),127.8,127.3,126.7(d,JC-P=119.8Hz),124.7,120.7(d,J=11.0Hz),119.1(dd,J=13.2,9.7Hz),115.7(d,J=4.0Hz),112.4.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3):δ=-118.5(d,J=83.5Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3):δ=21.7.
实施例2
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2b(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),95%乙醇(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应24h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=50:50),即得目标产物1ba(161.4mg,白色固体,产率89%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.15(s,1H),8.83(s,1H),7.70(dd,J=12.1,7.7Hz,4H),7.53(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.44(td,J=7.3,1.5Hz,4H),7.30(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.25-7.19(m,3H),7.14(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),6.91(t,J=84.1Hz,1H),6.75(dd,J=8.8,1.7Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=1.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ151.8,148.0(d,J=275.5Hz),134.8(d,J=2.0Hz),133.2(d,J=10.1Hz),133.1(d,J=106.8Hz),132.4(d,J=2.2Hz),131.8(d,J=10.0Hz),129.4(d,J=12.9Hz),129.0(d,J=12.3Hz),128.6,128.6(d,J=12.3Hz),128.4,127.8,118.5(dd,J=12.8,10.8Hz),116.7(d,J=5.0Hz),116.0,113.9,103.3.19FNMR(565MHz,DMSO-d6)δ-122.1(d,J=84.1Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,DMSO-d6)δ16.7.
实施例3
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2c(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应12h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=50:50),即得目标产物1ca(168.5mg,白色固体,产率85%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.75(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.97(dd,J=8.8,1.4Hz,1H),7.63-7.56(m,4H),7.50(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.47(td,J=7.5,1.2Hz,2H),7.31(td,J=7.8,3.1Hz,4H),7.1-7.09(m,3H),7.05-7.01(m,2H),6.38(d,J=82.8Hz,1H),3.85(s,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ148.1(d,J=279.8Hz),140.5(d,J=11.0Hz),134.4(d,J=4.0Hz),132.4,132.0(d,J=10.8Hz),131.0(d,J=112.0Hz),129.2(d,J=12.1Hz),128.5(d,J=7.1Hz),128.3(d,J=12.8Hz),128.2(d,J=117.6Hz),127.9,127.8,127.4,125.5,123.6,122.7,120.0(dd,J=14.4,11.2Hz),115.1(d,J=2.5Hz),112.5,51.8.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-117.2(d,J=82.8Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ22.0.
实施例4
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2d(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=50:50),即得目标产物1da(166.4mg,白色固体,产率89%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.17(s,1H),7.62(dd,J=12.6,7.6Hz,4H),7.45(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.37(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.31(td,J=7.3,2.0Hz,4H),7.16-7.08(m,5H),6.94(dd,J=8.9,1.9Hz,1H),6.62(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),6.47(d,J=83.4Hz,1H),3.65(s,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ154.8,148.2(d,J=279.0Hz),134.5(d,J=3.8Hz),132.9(d,J=9.4Hz),132.2(d,J=2.6Hz),132.0(d,J=10.6Hz),131.5(d,J=110.3Hz),130.3(dd,J=117.0,11.2Hz),128.7(d,J=6.9Hz),128.4(d,J=12.7Hz),127.8,127.3,126.5(d,J=3.1Hz),118.7(dd,J=12.9,11.0Hz),116.3,115.7(d,J=4.3Hz),113.2,100.7,55.6.19FNMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.6(d,J=83.5Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ21.5.
实施例5
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2e(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ea(168.5mg,白色固体,产率85%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ11.56(s,1H),7.60(dd,J=12.7,7.7Hz,4H),7.45(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.30(td,J=7.7,2.8Hz,4H),7.20-7.11(m,5H),7.05(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),6.80(td,J=9.2,2.0Hz,1H),6.38(d,J=83.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.3(d,JC-F=240.3Hz),148.0(d,JC-F=277.3),138.1(dd,J=12.7,9.5Hz),134.4(d,J=3.6Hz),132.3(d,J=2.8Hz),132.0(d,J=10.8Hz),131.0(d,JC-P=110.0Hz),128.6(d,J=6.9Hz),128.4(d,J=12.5Hz),127.8,127.4,126.3(dd,JC-P=81.4Hz,JC-F=2.6Hz),126.1(d,J=3.1Hz),121.7(d,J=10.4Hz),119.1(dd,J=12.9,11.1Hz),115.5(d,J=4.6Hz),110.0(d,J=25.5Hz),98.3(d,J=25.9Hz).19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-117.2-117.4(m),-118.1(d,J=83.3Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3):δ=22.2.
实施例6
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2f(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应12h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1fa(135.4mg,白色固体,产率75%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(dd,J=12.5,7.6Hz,4H),7.45(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.42-7.27(m,7H),7.17-7.06(m,6H),6.39(d,J=83.2Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ148.0(d,JC-F=281.8Hz),139.3(d,J=8.1Hz),134.5(d,J=4.9Hz),131.9(d,J=2.6Hz),131.7(d,J=10.4Hz),130.5(d,J=11.4Hz),128.7(d,J=2.8Hz),128.6(d,J=2.8Hz),128.5(d,J=8.6Hz),128.3(d,J=12.7Hz),127.5,127.2,125.2(dd,JC-P=109.6Hz,JC-F=3.6Hz),125.0,120.8(d,JC-P=68.4Hz),120.2(dd,J=14.1,11.6Hz),115.1(d,J=3.5Hz),109.7,32.9.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-115.6(d,J=83.3Hz).31PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ21.1.
实施例7
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚噻吩醇2g(0.4mmol),二苯氧磷3a(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应24h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ga(81.5mg,白色固体,产率47%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ11.16(s,1H),7.61(dd,J=12.7,7.7Hz,4H),7.56(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.40(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.30-7.28(m,5H),7.19(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.08(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.78(t,J=3.3Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.25(d,J=82.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ146.4(d,JC-F=277.6Hz),137.9(d,J=9.4Hz),137.1(d,J=7.6Hz),132.2(d,J=2.7Hz),131.9(d,J=10.7Hz),131.4(d,JC-P=110.0Hz),129.0(d,J=2.5Hz),128.9(d,J=2.9Hz),128.2(d,J=12.7Hz),127.5(d,J=5.1Hz),126.7(dd,JC-P=119.9Hz,JC-F=2.4Hz),126.0,125.9,124.7,120.6,117.6(dd,J=13.5,11.2Hz),112.5,111.2(d,J=7.2Hz).19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-113.2(d,J=82.3Hz).31PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3):δ=22.0.
实施例8
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),二(4-氟苯基)氧膦3b(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ab(166.6mg,白色固体,产率88%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.47(s,1H),7.56(ddd,J=12.4,8.5,5.6Hz,4H),7.51(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.31(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.19-7.12(m,3H),7.09(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.06(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),6.98(td,J=8.6,2.0Hz,4H),6.46(d,J=83.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ165.2(d,JC-F=254.4Hz),147.8(d,JC-F=280.3Hz),138.3(d,J=9.8Hz),134.4(dd,J=12.3,9.0Hz),129.5(d,J=2.9Hz),129.4(d,J=2.7Hz),128.4(d,J=7.6Hz),127.8,127.5,127.4(dd,JC-P=113.9Hz,JC-F=2.5Hz),125.8(dd,JC-P=123.7Hz,JC-F=1.9Hz),124.8,120.6(d,JC-P=37.4Hz),119.0(dd,J=13.9,10.6Hz),115.7(dd,J=21.5,14.0Hz),112.6.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-104.6–-105.7(m,2F),-117.6(d,J=83.3Hz).31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ20.4.
实施例9
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),双(3,5-二甲基苯基)氧膦3c(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ac(171.8mg,白色固体,产率87%).
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ11.31(s,1H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=13.5Hz,5H),7.30-7.27(m,1H),7.19(s,5H),7.09(s,2H),7.06(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=83.6Hz,1H),2.21(s,12H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ148.2(d,JC-F=277.5Hz),138.0(d,J=13.3Hz),137.8(d,J=9.5Hz),134.5,133.8(d,J=2.5Hz),131.5(d,JC-P=108.3Hz),129.5(d,J=10.6Hz),129.4(d,J=3.8Hz),129.3(d,J=2.6Hz),128.6(d,J=7.0Hz),127.6,127.1,126.9,124.1,120.4(d,JC-P=32.9Hz),118.2(dd,J=13.1,11.1Hz),115.6,112.6,21.0.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.4(d,J=83.6Hz).31PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3):δ=23.0.
实施例10
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,在空气氛围下,依次加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),双(2-噻吩基)氧膦3d(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应24h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ad(154.6mg,白色固体,产率86%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.99(s,1H),7.68(td,J=4.7,1.0Hz,2H),7.52-7.48(m,3H),7.30(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.17-7.13(m,5H),7.08-7.02(m,3H),6.59(d,J=83.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ148.0(d,JC-F=278.7Hz),137.8(d,J=10.1Hz),137.3(d,J=11.8Hz),134.5(d,J=3.6Hz),134.5(d,J=6.0Hz),133.2(d,JC-P=128.7Hz),129.4(d,J=3.1Hz),129.3(d,J=2.7Hz),128.7(d,J=6.8Hz),128.2(d,J=15.3Hz),127.8,127.3,127.1(d,JC-P=136.3Hz),124.8,120.7(d,J=15.8Hz),118.8(dd,J=12.3,11.3Hz),115.7(d,J=4.6Hz),112.6.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.9(d,J=83.1Hz).1P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ5.3.
实施例11
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),苯基(对甲苯基)氧膦3e(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应6h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ae(164.3mg,白色固体,产率91%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.46(s,1H),7.66(dd,J=12.7,7.8Hz,2H),7.53(dd,J=12.5,7.9Hz,2H),7.48-7.43(m,2H),7.34(td,J=7.6Hz,2.6Hz,2H),7.29(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),7.15-7.11(m,4H),7.08(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.05(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.51(d,J=83.3Hz,1H),2.35(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ147.9(d,JC-F=278.7Hz),142.7(d,J=1.9Hz),137.9(d,J=9.3Hz),134.6(d,J=2.7Hz),132.0,132.0,131.9,131.8(d,JC-P=109.5Hz),129.5(d,J=2.6Hz),129.4(d,J=1.2Hz),129.0(d,J=13.2Hz),128.6(d,J=7.1Hz),128.2(d,J=12.6Hz),126.9(d,JC-P=82.9Hz),127.6,127.1,126.5,124.4,120.5(d,J=10.3Hz),118.6(dd,J=17.6,6.7Hz),115.7,112.6,21.5.9F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.4(d,J=83.6Hz).1P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ22.3.
实施例12
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),甲基(苯基)氧膦3e(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应12h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1af(126.1mg,白色固体,产率84%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ11.77(s,1H),7.66(dd,J=12.5,7.6Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.46(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.39-7.33(m,3H),7.32-7.28(m,2H),7.27-7.21(m,4H),7.06(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.50(d,J=83.6Hz,1H),2.03(d,J=13.9Hz,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ147.9(d,JC-F=279.9Hz),137.7(d,J=8.8Hz),134.8(d,J=4.1Hz),134.0(d,JC-P=108.3Hz),132.0,130.1(d,J=10.2Hz),129.5(d,J=1.8Hz),129.4(d,J=1.8Hz),128.8(d,J=6.5Hz),128.6(d,J=12.1Hz),128.2,127.7,124.3,120.4(d,J=52.9Hz),116.7(dd,J=14.0,11.1Hz),116.2(d,J=2.3Hz),112.5,16.2(d,JC-P=76.5Hz).9F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-119.2(d,J=83.6Hz).1PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ25.5.
实施例13
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),戊基(苯基)氧膦3g(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应12h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ag(139.8mg,白色固体,产率81%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.96(s,1H),7.66-7.60(m,2H),7.51(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.45(td,J=7.5,1.1Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.34(td,J=7.7,2.8Hz,2H),7.30-7.21(m,6H),7.08(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),6.44(d,J=83.6Hz,1H),2.27-2.18(m,1H),2.17-2.07(m,1H),1.71-1.60(m,1H),1.51-1.40(m,1H),1.26-1.07(m,4H),0.79(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ147.9(d,JC-F=279.4Hz),137.7(d,J=8.8Hz),134.9(d,J=4.2Hz),133.3(d,JC-P=103.6Hz),131.9(d,J=2.3Hz),130.4(d,J=10.0Hz),129.8(d,J=2.4Hz),129.7(d,J=2.8Hz),128.7(d,J=7.0Hz),128.4(d,J=12.0Hz),128.2,127.6,127.5(d,JC-P=110.5Hz),124.1,120.3(d,J=67.2Hz),116.1(dd,J=13.2,11.2Hz),116.0(d,J=3.6Hz),112.5,32.9(d,JC-P=15.6Hz),28.8(d,JC-P=75.0Hz),22.1,20.9(d,JC-P=4.1Hz),13.7.19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.8(d,J=83.7Hz).31PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ28.4.
实施例14
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取25mL圆底烧瓶,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(0.4mmol),环己基(苯基)氧膦3h(0.6mmol),乙醇(95%)(1毫升),在80℃搅拌反应10h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应液旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=40:60),即得目标产物1ah(147.2mg,白色固体,产率83%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.97(s,1H),7.71-7.64(m,2H),7.56(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.43(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.33(s,4H),7.26(s,4H),7.08(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=83.7Hz,1H),2.05(s,2H),1.75(s,2H),1.66-1.53(m,4H),1.20-1.08(m,2H),0.85(s,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ147.9(d,JC-F=280.2Hz),137.3(d,J=8.1Hz),135.1(d,J=3.1Hz),131.7(d,J=2.5Hz),131.2(d,JC-P=99.4Hz),131.0(d,J=9.4Hz),130.3(d,J=3.0Hz),130.2(d,J=2.2Hz),128.7(d,J=7.1Hz),128.3,128.2,128.0(d,JC-P=93.9Hz),124.0,120.5,119.9,115.7(d,J=2.6Hz),115.5(dd,J=13.2,11.2Hz),112.4,36.3(d,JC-P=76.3Hz),26.1(d,JC-P=14.5Hz),25.7(d,JC-P=13.3Hz),25.6,24.8(d,JC-P=3.0Hz),24.4(d,JC-P=1.5Hz).19F NMR(565MHz,CDCl3)δ-118.4(d,J=83.7Hz).31PNMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ31.5.
为了验证本发明的实用性,本发明也进行了克级规模放大实验,效果良好。而且将原料二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a放大至4mmol规模时,反应后处理无需柱层析,仅仅通过过滤既可以理想的产率得到预期产物,充分显示了本发明的实用性。
实施例15
反应式为:
一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:取100mL圆底烧瓶,在空气氛围下,加入二氟甲基吲哚甲醇2a(4mmol,1.09g),二苯氧磷氧膦3a(6mmol,1.213g),95%乙醇(10毫升),在80℃搅拌反应8小时,待反应结束,产物在溶剂中析出,过滤即得目标产物1aa(1.25g,白色固体,产率72%)。
实施例1-15制得的2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物可以进行进一步结构修饰,作为有机合成重要中间体,且将膦酰基还原为三价膦后又可作为一类重要的膦配体参与过渡金属等催化的有机合成反应。
以2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物1aa为例:
(1)反应式为:
取25mL圆底烧瓶,在氮气氛围下,依次加入2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚1aa(0.3mmol),三氯硅烷(3mmol),氯苯(3毫升),在120℃搅拌反应24h,待反应结束,冷却至室温,将反应混合物产物旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=30:70),即得目标产物4(61.9mg,白色固体,产率49%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.79(s,1H),7.47(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.43-7.27(m,14H),7.19(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),7.00(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=83.8Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ147.1(d,J=275.0Hz),138.1,136.3(d,J=10.3Hz),135.2(d,J=2.5Hz),133.1(d,J=19.2Hz),131.0(d,J=2.5Hz),130.8(d,J=2.5Hz),129.3(d,J=5.3Hz),129.0(d,J=6.4Hz),128.5(d,J=82.0Hz),127.5,123.5,121.8(d,J=9.4Hz),121.5(d,J=9.4Hz),120.5,120.1,117.6(dd,J=5.9,2.7Hz),111.1.19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-123.5(d,J=83.9Hz).31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ-32.7.
(2)反应式为:
取25mL圆底烧瓶,在空气氛围下,加入2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚1aa(0.3mmol),间氯过氧苯甲酸(0.9mmol),二氯甲烷(5毫升),在室温搅拌反应24h,待反应结束,将反应产物旋蒸浓缩,通过硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯:石油醚=50:50),即得目标产物3(41.7mg,白色固体,产率33%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ12.20(s,1H),7.99-7.90(m,4H),7.61-7.57(m,2H),7.56-7.43(m,4H),7.40-7.33(m,6H),7.25-7.18(m,1H),7.01(d,J=4.0Hz,2H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ191.3,139.4,137.9(d,JC-P=9.4Hz),133.3(d,JC-P=113.3Hz),132.3(d,JC-P=11.0Hz),132.2(d,JC-P=2.3Hz),132.2,130.8(d,JC-P=113.8Hz),129.2,128.2(d,JC-P=13.3Hz),128.1,127.3,127.3(d,JC-P=9.0Hz),124.3,122.6(d,JC-P=10.9Hz),121.6(d,JC-P=33.1Hz),113.1.31PNMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ25.6.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.一种2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的结构式如式(I)所示:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5为各自独立的基团,R1选自氢、卤素、羟基、酯基或甲氧基中的一种;R2选自苯基、卤素取代苯基、烷基取代苯基、萘基或噻吩中的一种;R3选自氢、甲基、苄基中的一种;R4,R5选自苯基、卤素取代苯基、烷基取代苯基、萘基、噻吩基、C1-C5直链烷基、环戊基、环己基中的一种;
所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法:以二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物和二取代氧膦类化合物为原料,在溶剂中进行反应,反应结束后分离纯化,即得;
所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物的结构如式(II)所示:
式(II)中R1、R2、 R3同式(I)中R1、R2、R3对应一致;
所述二取代氧膦类化合物的结构式如式(III)所示:
式(III)中R4、R5同式(I)中R4、R5对应一致;
所述溶剂为95%乙醇、无水甲醇、四氢呋喃、异丙醇、甲苯、氯苯或二氯乙烷中的任意一种;所述反应温度为80-85℃,反应时间为6-24h。
2.如权利要求1所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为95%乙醇。
3.如权利要求1所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物与二取代氧膦类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.5。
4.如权利要求1所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述二氟甲基吲哚甲醇类化合物在溶剂中的浓度为0.4 mol/L。
5.如权利要求1至4任一项所述2-膦酰基-3-氟代乙烯基吲哚化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述分离纯化是指:先将反应液进行旋蒸浓缩,再通过200~300目硅胶柱层析分离。
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