CN1126949A - 吸收性物品 - Google Patents
吸收性物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1126949A CN1126949A CN95190295A CN95190295A CN1126949A CN 1126949 A CN1126949 A CN 1126949A CN 95190295 A CN95190295 A CN 95190295A CN 95190295 A CN95190295 A CN 95190295A CN 1126949 A CN1126949 A CN 1126949A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sheet material
- binding agent
- poisture
- absorbent commodity
- penetrability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellityc acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XPVIQPQOGTVMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-acetamidophenyl)arsenic Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C([As])C=C1 XPVIQPQOGTVMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- MSFGZHUJTJBYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dichloroisocyanurate Chemical compound [Na+].ClN1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O MSFGZHUJTJBYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IORUEKDKNHHQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-tert-butyl-6-[(3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)OC(=O)C=C)=C1O IORUEKDKNHHQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
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Landscapes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
一种吸收性物品(1),该物品具有涂覆了粘合剂的透湿性片材,其特征在于:所说的透湿性片材包含可通过制备熔混溶液而得到的多孔片材,该熔混溶液是通过熔融共混而制得的,并含有作为主要组分的结晶聚烯烃和一个化合物,该化合物能与所说的结晶聚烯烃混溶,而且在所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点时或该熔点之上时,所说的结晶聚烯烃的将溶解在该化合物中,但是在所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点以下时,该化合物将形成相分离,将所说的熔混溶液模塑成片材,至少沿一个方向拉伸所说的片材,以形成微孔;以及,所说的透湿性片材的透湿性能在0.5至4g/100cm2·h的范围之内,所说片材在横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷在100-300g/cm的范围之间,体积柔软度为55g或更低,断裂强度为250g/cm或更高,涂有所述粘合剂的区域的反射率减少,在50℃下保存一天后为20%或更低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及使用透湿性片材如一次性尿布的吸收性物品。更特别的是,本发明涉及很少发生作为粘合剂一个组分的柔软剂,和/或化合物渗移的吸收性物品,结晶聚烯烃可以与所说的化合物相混溶,而且在所述的结晶聚烯烃的熔点或高于此熔点时,所述的结晶聚烯烃将溶解在所说的化合物中,但在低于所述的结晶聚烯烃熔点时,该化合物将形成相分离。柔软剂和/或化合物的渗移导致在透湿性片材上形成透明的粘合剂涂布区(这种现象以后称之为渗透(bleed-through))。
背景技术
吸收性物品一般是由透液性片材(表层片材),非透液性片材(底层片材)以及嵌在表层片材和底层片材之间的吸收体加工而成的,该三部分构件是通过其上预设部位的粘合剂粘合在一起的。
在吸收性物品中,一次性尿布采用具有透湿性能的不透液性片材,以防止储留和尿诊。另一方面,主要用于粘合非透液性底层片材的粘合剂通常含有大量的柔软剂,以改善初始粘接和涂层的性能。
然而,若在透湿性片材上施用这样的粘合剂,柔软剂就会渗移至片材中(渗透),并由此产生多种难题,例如,透湿性片材表面的硬化,对吸收性物品如尿布的性能特征的负面影响,吸收性物品在堆放储存时产生粘连,以及随着时间的推移由于组合物的变化,粘合剂粘合性能也产生变化。
而且,上述透湿性片材中含有用来表明透湿性能和柔软性的柔软剂。在这样含有柔软剂的透湿性片材上施用含有大量柔软剂的粘合剂,其结果是加速了上述的渗透现象。
为克服这些难题,日本专利申请公开4-77591和4-84960都提出了可用于透湿性片材的粘合剂。
在上述日本专利申请公开4-77591中公开了的粘合剂是一种热熔粘合剂,该粘合剂含有作为主要组分的α-烯烃类树脂和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,进一步含有增粘剂和增塑油脂。根据以上公开的申请,当该粘合剂用于粘合透湿性片材和无纺布时,不会发生低分子量组分的渗透,而且在冷却固化时,粘性全失,显示不出任何粘合性。
但是,以上公开的申请既没有说明透湿性片材的透湿性能,也没有说明在粘合剂施用的区域上的渗移性能。第一个与该粘合剂有关的难题是,在使用含有结晶聚烯烃及柔软剂的透湿性片材时,含在片材中的柔软剂将会渗移,使片材变得透明。
上述日本专利申请公开4-84960中公开的粘合剂含有苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,增粘剂以及柔软剂,其中,阐明了苯乙烯链段和橡胶链段的活化能。以上公开的申请也涉及到几乎没有渗透现象的吸收性物品,该物品是通过上述粘合剂将具有特殊透湿性能的透湿性片材粘合在一起而得到的。
但是,上述公开的申请未提供该粘合剂配方的具体范围。该粘合剂也涉及上述在采用含有结晶聚烯烃和柔软剂的透湿性片材时发生的不利因素。
发明的描述
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供含有透湿性片材的吸收性物品,该物品具有卓越的透湿性能,与粘合剂涂层的适配性,以及与粘合剂的高度初始粘合性。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供很少发生包含在粘合剂中的软化剂(softening agent)或是包含在透湿性片材中的柔软剂(softner)渗透的吸收性物品,该物品因此可避免由这些软化剂或柔软剂渗秀所引起的各种不利因素。例如,透湿性片材表面的硬化,外观的被破坏,各种性能特征的损害。
本发明的再一个目的就是提供一种在堆放储存时吸收性物品如尿布很少发生粘连,以及随着时间的推移由于粘合剂组合物发生变化而产生的粘合损害也很少发生的吸收性物品。
为解决上述难题,本发明的发明人做了广泛的调查,其结果是发现本发明可通过具有透湿性片材的吸收性物品来实现,而该片材具有特定的主要组分,透湿性能,并且在涂有粘合剂的区域上反射系数的降低量。
本发明就是基于上述发现来完成的。本发明提出一种含有涂布了粘合剂的透湿(水蒸汽)性片材的吸收性物品,其特征在于,透湿性片材是通过制备熔混溶液而可得的多孔性片材,所说的熔混溶液是通过熔融共混形成的,并且含有作为主要组分的结晶聚烯烃和一化合物,所说的结晶聚烯烃与该化合物混溶,而且在所述结晶聚烯烃的熔点或高于此熔点时,所述的聚烯烃将溶解在该化合物中,但是在低于所述聚烯烃的熔点时,该化合物将形成相分离,将所述的熔混溶液模塑成片材,然后在至少一个方向上拉伸所述的片材,以形成微孔;并且
所述透湿性片材的透湿性能在0.5-4g/cm2.h范围之内,将所述片材横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷在100-300g/cm范围之内,体积柔软度(bulk softness)为55g或更低,断裂强度为250g/cm或更高,在50℃下保存1天后,涂有所述粘合剂的区域上的反射率减少为20%或更小。
附图简要说明
图1(a)和1(b)表示样品的位置和用来测量拉伸3%时拉伸载荷的试样规格;
图2(a),2(b)和2(c)表示制备用来测量体积柔软度的试样的方法;
图3所示为测量渗透的原理;
图4所示为本发明优选实施例的一次性尿布的前视(从腹部一侧)立体图;
图5表示放平了的图4中的一次性尿布。
本发明的最佳实施方案
以下对本发明的吸收性物品做详细的描述。
用于本发明吸收性物品的透湿性片材含有特殊的组分,并表现出独特的透湿性能、独特的在横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷、独特的体积柔软度,独特的断裂强度,及独特的反射率减少。
可用作主要组分的特殊组分是结晶聚烯烃和一化合物,所述的结晶聚烯烃与该化合物混溶,而且在所述结晶聚烯烃的熔点或高于此熔点时,所述的结晶聚烯烃将溶解在该化合物中,但在低于所说结晶聚烯烃的熔点时,该化合物形成相分离(以后称该化合物为柔软剂A)。
主要含有结晶聚烯烃和柔软剂A、并具有如以后描述范围之内的透湿性能的透湿性片材,在保留透湿性能的同时,还具有足够的强度。例如,当透湿性片材用作一次性尿布的底层片材时,可使扣紧带直接固定在其上或由其上剥离。
透湿性片材可由上述的主要组分组成。但是,它还会有用于一般透湿性片材中的添加剂。在本案中,以透湿性片材为基准,主要组分的比例优选为80-100%重量。
可用于本发明的结晶聚烯烃包括,聚丙烯,特别是聚丙烯均聚物,丙烯-其他烯烃的共聚物,聚丙烯与丙烯-其他烯烃的共聚物的掺混物,聚丙烯和聚乙烯的掺混物,及丙烯-其他烯烃的共聚物和聚乙烯的掺混物。
结晶丙烯聚合物优选包括全同立构侧基含量(P)和熔流速率(MFR)能满足下述关系式的聚合物:
100≥P≥0.015log MFR+0.955。
在此所用的术语“全同立构侧基含量(P)”为聚丙烯结晶性质的一个指数。MFR优选在0.03-2.0g/10min的范围之间。
柔软剂A没有特别的限制,只要该化合物可以与结晶聚烯烃混溶,而且在所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点时或在此熔点之上时,所说的结晶聚烯烃能溶解在该化合之中,但在低于所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点时,该化合物将形成相分离。合适的柔软剂A的例子为矿物油,合成润滑油,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯,三甘醇,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,和其他的烷基醇与多元酸形成的酯,即苯二甲酸酯、偏苯三酸酯、1,2,4,5-苯四酸酯和/或脂肪酸酯。
本发明的透湿性片材的透湿性能在0.5-4g/100cm2.h之间,优选1.0-2.5g/100cm2.h之间。透湿性能可在维持不渗漏性能的同时确保防止储留。
透湿性片材在横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷为100-300g/cm,优选为100-200g/cm。若拉伸载荷低于100g/cm,则当拉伸载荷施加在粘贴于底层片材的扣紧带上时,底层片材拉伸性过高,使得扣紧带不能随着底层片材而拉伸,而且扣紧带有可能在拉伸部位被剥离或断裂。若拉伸载荷超过300g/cm,则底层片材不能随着穿戴者的活动而有效地拉伸,这种尿布不具舒适感。在此所说的横向是指,当透湿性片材装配在吸收性物品中时,与吸收性物品的纵向方向相垂直的方向。在制造透湿性片材时,其横向方向可相同或不同于横截面方面(垂直于机器的方向)。
本发明透湿性片材体积柔软度为55g或更低,优选45g或更低,优选在30-40g之间。若体积柔软度大于55g,底层片材的柔软度则很差,而且这种尿布具有僵硬感和不舒适的感觉。
本发明透湿性片材的断裂强度为250g/cm或更高,优选在300-1000g/cm之间。若断裂强度低于250g/cm,底层片材在剥离扣紧带时有可能断裂。
以上物理性能是通过以下方式来测定的。1、底层片材在拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷。
(1)测量仪器
通用的拉伸测试仪器,拉伸测试模式(由Orientec Co.,Ltd提供)
(2)测试件
如图1(a)所示,测试件取自尿布的五个位置。(这时,如果粘合剂或吸收纸粘附在底层片材上,应该用有机溶剂如甲苯将他们除去,但不应使底层片材受到负面影响)。如图1(b)所示,每个测试件的大小为10mm×(25mm+50mm+25mm)。
(3)测试条件
i)测量环境:温度20℃
湿度65%RH
ii)拉伸条件:夹具间的距离50mm
拉伸速率 300mm/min
(4)测量结果
在每个测试件拉伸3%时(当夹具间的距离由50mm增加到51.5mm时)进行测量。计算五个测试件测量值的平均值。2、底层片材的体积柔软度
(1)测量仪器
通用的拉伸测试仪器,加压测试模式(由Orientec Co.,Ltd提供)
(2)测试件
i)测试件取自与项目1中用于测量底层片材在拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷相同的取样位置(测试件以透湿性片材的横向方向来切取)。测试片的大小为30×150mm。
ii)样品:如图2(a)所示,每个测试件以这样的方式形成一个直径为45mm、高度为30mm的圆筒A,即圆筒的外表面相应于底层片材的外表面。重叠部分上下端用订书钉固定。然后,将用聚氯乙烯制成的如图2(b)所示的圆环b装到圆筒a的下端。按这种方式,可得到如图2(c)所示的样品。
(3)测量条件
i)测量环境:温度20℃
湿度65%RH
ii)加压条件:加压速率10mm/min
(加压沿圆筒高度方向进行,该方向相当于透湿性片材的横向方向)
(4)测量结果
当测试件压缩20mm时,测量每个测试件的最大强度。计算五个测试件的测量值的平均值,并取该值为体积柔软度。3、底层片材的断裂强度
本测试以与项目1中测量底层片材在拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷相同的方式进行。测量断裂时的载荷,并以此作为断裂强度(在透湿片材的横向方向测量断裂强度)。
在50℃下保存一天后,本发明的透湿性片材在涂有粘合剂的区域上的反射率减少为20%或更低,优选在0-15%之间。测量反射率的方法将在以后予以解释,而在此所用的术语“反射率减少”意为由以下等式计算出的反射率减少的百分数;
反射率减少(%)=100-[(在50℃下保存1天后的反射率)/初始反射率]×100
如果透湿性片材上粘合剂涂覆区域的反射率减少超过20%,这就表明由于粘合剂的渗透作用该区域明显地透明化,使该区域外观遭受损害,触摸僵硬,而且粘合性下降。
本发明所使用的透湿性片材是通过使用上述主要组分以下述方式而制得的多孔片材。
结晶聚烯烃和柔软剂A熔融共混,形成熔混溶液。将熔混溶液模塑成片,在至少一个方向上拉伸所得的片材,以形成微孔。
以结晶聚烯烃的重量为准,结晶聚烯烃和柔软剂A的混合比例最好为30-80,若以柔软剂A的重量为准,则为20-70。
用于粘合透湿性片材的粘合剂最好包括含有原料聚合物、室温下为固体的增粘剂和室温下为液体的化合物(以后称之为软化剂)的粘合剂。
合适的软化剂的软化点为10℃或更低,其平均分子量为200-700,可包括操作油,矿物油,各种的增塑剂,聚丁烯,及液态粘合剂树脂。软化剂的特别例子包括石蜡油,如“shellflex”(Shell Chemical公司的产品),“PW90”(Idemitsu Petro chemicalCo.,Ltd的产品),和酯油,如1,2,4,5-苯四酸四辛酯,邻苯二甲酸二(十二烷基)酯和偏苯三酸三辛酯。
粘合剂中软化剂的含量最好为20wt%或更低,优选在0-14wt%之间。若软化剂的含量超过20wt%,渗透现象趋于明显化。
粘合剂中合适的原料聚合物的例子为天然橡胶;异戊二烯橡胶;苯乙烯系橡胶,如苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶,苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS),苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SIS),苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS),和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEPS);及烯烃类聚合物,如无定形聚α-烯烃(APAO)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯聚合物(EVA)。
室温下为固态的增粘剂的例子包括C5石油树脂,C9石油树脂,二聚环戊二烯石油树脂,松香石油树脂,多萜树脂,和萜酚树脂,特别是氢化的萜烯树脂,如:“Clearon”(Yasuhara KagakuK.K.的产品),及氢化的芳香石油树脂,如“Alcon”(Arakawa Chemical K.K的产品)。
根据软化剂的含量,要适当选择增粘剂的使用量。也就是说,如果以粘合剂的总量为基准,软化剂的含量为20wt%或更低时,增粘剂的量则没有限制,通常选择在30-70wt%之间。再者,以粘合剂的总量为准,万一当软化剂的使用量超过20wt%,直至30wt%时,增粘剂的使用量则在30wt%或更低,优选在10wt%或更低,更优选在5-10wt%之间,以上所有含量皆以粘合剂总量为基准。
如果增粘合剂的含量和软化剂的含量分别超过10wt%和20wt%,该粘合剂将会使透湿性片材透明化,并降低粘合强度。
若粘合剂满足以上所提的配比条件,而且组分也合适,则优选180℃时熔融粘度为10000cps或更低、特别优选的是在1000-8000cps之间的粘合剂。熔融粘度超过10000cps的粘合剂会降低涂层性能,给涂层或尿布带来不平感。
以粘合剂总量为准,粘合剂最好含有5wt%或更低,优选在0.5-3wt%之间的无机填料,由此可降低反射率减少约5%。也就是说,将无机填料加进粘合剂中,可使反射率减少由例如25%降低至20%。然而,如果粘合剂中无机填料的含量超过5%,该粘合剂就比透湿性片材还要白,当施用在透湿性片材上时,就会产生明显的施用图案,使外观不良。而且,这样的粘合剂有时也会降低粘合强度。
合适的无机填料包括二氧化钛,锌白,二氧化硅,碳酸钙,氢氧化铝,硫酸钡,淀粉或滑石粉。
满足上述的对配比和组分的优选条件的粘合剂,可令人满意地应用于主要含有聚丙烯和柔软剂A的透湿性片材中。这些粘合剂特别适用于本发明中,因为他们不会产生由于柔软剂A的渗透现象而引发的粘合强度降低,而且也不会使透湿性片材透明化。
粘合剂还可进一步含有抗氧剂,如“Irganox1010”(Ciba-Geigy Ltd的产品),“Irganox1076”(Ciba-Geigy Ltd的产品)或“Sumilizer GM”(Sumitome Chemical Co.Ltd的产品)。以每100份重量原料聚合物的重量计,抗氧剂优选加入1-3重量份。
通过测量透湿性片材上粘合剂涂覆区在50℃下保存1天后的透明度可估算渗透性。如果涂布在透湿性片材上的粘合剂在保存期间渗移,柔软剂A和/或软化剂渗透(转移)到透湿性片材上,该片材即变得透明,就象结霜的玻璃,只是光可透过,而一旦用水弄湿后,就可看到另一侧的物体。
例如以图3所示的方式,可定量测定透明度。将涂有粘合剂的透湿性片材33放置在黑色板片34上,再在该透湿性片材上放置一块透明玻璃板35。用波长为459nm的蓝色光照射片材33的顶表面,然后测得反射率。
根据这种测定方法,如果渗透度过高,即渗透(转移)到片材33表面上的柔软剂A和/或软化剂的量过大,蓝色入射光透过片材33,并被吸收入黑色板片34,这样,片材33的反射率就被降低。如果渗透度低,即渗透(转移)到片材表面上的柔软剂A和/或软化剂的量就低,蓝色入射光几乎不能穿过片材33,也就几乎不能到达黑色板片34,并以高反射率在片材33的表面上被反射回来。
换言之,如果就测得的在50℃下保存1天后的反射率远远低于初始反射率,则表明在保存期间发生了相当大的渗透。
本发明的吸收性物品优选包括一次性尿布和卫生巾,该吸收性物品包括透液性表层片材,能吸收并保存体液的吸收体,非透液性底层片材,该底层片材包含本发明的透湿性片材,并用上述粘合剂粘附在其他构件上。关于表层片材和吸收体的材料、每个构件的结构、整体结构等等的常规技术和知识都可应用于本发明的吸收性物品上而无特殊限制。
参考图4和5,以下对本发明优选实施例的尿布进行说明。
如图4和5所示的尿布1,是本发明吸收性物品的优选实施例,该尿布包括含有透液性片材的表层片材2,含有以上所述的透湿性片材的非透液性底层片材3,以及嵌于表层片材2和底层片材3之中的吸收体4。这三部分构件通过于预先设置的位置上施用的粘合剂被粘合在一起,所说的预先设置的位置特别是指几乎所有表层片材2与吸收体4相接触的区域,以及几乎所有底层片材与吸收体4相接触的区域。没有设置通常用于一次性尿布的加固带(有时称为底带)。
详而言之,如图4和5所示,吸收体4为沙漏形,其中心部分为变窄的叉口处。与吸收体4的形状相一致,表层片材2和底层片材3也有变窄的中心部分。吸收体4为表层片材2和底层片材3所支持。弹性拉长体7设置在前腰部位5,后腰部位5’和腿部6,这样,尿布1可以固定在穿戴者身上。
表层片材2和吸收体4的材料与结构,以及尿布的整体结构都与常规的一次性尿布相同。
一次性尿布1具有扣紧带10。将扣紧带10由底层片材3(本发明的透湿性片材)剥离180℃所需的剥离强度为400g/cm或更低,剥离强度是在扣紧带10和底层片材3粘合在一起,并在40℃和80%RH下放置24小时后测量的,将扣紧带10与底层片材3在载荷500g下互相剥离所需的时间为10分钟或更长。因此,扣紧带可以粘附于底层片材3的表面侧上的任何所期望的位置,也可由其上任何所期望的位置上剥离下来。
参考实施例对本发明做进一步描述,但不应认为本发明仅限于此。实施例1-9
将表1中的原料聚合物,增粘剂,软化剂,无机填料和抗氧剂按表1所示的配比混合在一起,然后在180℃下熔融共混40分钟,制得粘合剂。粘合剂的熔融粘度由以下所述的方法测得。所得结果见表1。
熔融粘度的测定:粘合剂保持在180℃下,然后用由Tokyo Keiki K.K.制造的Brookfield粘度计测量熔融粘度。
通过热熔涂法将处在180℃下的粘合剂涂布在剥离纸的整个表面上,其厚度为30±5μ,然后将该粘合层转移至透湿性片材上,该透湿性片材包含聚丙烯,丙烯-乙烯嵌段共聚物及柔软剂,其透湿性能为1.4g/100cm2.h。在转移完涂层后立即测量片材的反射率,然后在涂有粘合剂的片材在50℃下保存1天后再测其反射率,即可得到反射率减少。接着,用以下所描述的测试方法估测粘合剂的粘合性能。所得结果见表2。
在此所用的透湿性片材是通过以下方法来制备的。将含有聚丙烯、柔软剂及各种添加剂(如果希望的话)的树脂组合物粒在双螺旋挤出机中熔融共混,然后用空气冷却型充气模塑机吹制成薄膜。通过圆辊拉伸机将吹制的薄膜沿机器的方向拉伸1.5倍。
所用的聚丙烯是70重量份的WT 6048聚丙烯(Chisso Sekiyu Kagaku K.K.的产品)和30重量份的WT6052丙烯-乙烯嵌段共聚物(Chisso Sekiyu kagaku K.K.的产品)的干掺混物。所用的柔软剂的重量比为7∶3。所得的透湿性片材的厚度约为40μ。透湿性片材的横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷为144g/cm,体积柔软度为15g,断裂强度为607g/cm。
粘接性能的估测:
通过旋涂将180℃的粘合剂涂布在透湿性片材上,覆盖度为15g/m2,涂层宽度为13mm。将通常用作吸收性物品(如一次性尿布)的表层片材的无纺布粘合到上述片材上,其中的敞口时间(从粘合剂涂完至粘合无纺布所需的时间)为2秒。在粘合层在20℃和50℃下各保存一天后,将透湿性片材和无纺布剥离开。若无纺布断裂,则粘合性能评为“好”,或如果他们彼此剥离开,则粘合性能评为“差”。实施例10-12
按照与实施例1相同的方法,通过采用含有66重量份的聚丙烯B200(Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd的产品),4重量份的20wt%成核剂母炼胶EC-1(EC Kagak K.K.的产品)及30重量份的液态石蜡PW90(Idemitsu Petrochmical Co.,Ltd的产品)的组合来制备透湿性片材,该片材的厚度为约40μ,透湿性能为2.1g/100cm2.h,横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷为149g/cm,体积柔软度为17g,断裂强度为572g/cm。将实施例1,3和8中所用的粘合剂以与实施例1相同的方式分别涂布在透湿性片材上,以测量反射率减少和估算粘合性能。所得结果见表3。
表 1
组 分(重量份) | 实施例 | |||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
原料聚合物 | SEBS | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 65 | |
APAO | 55 | |||||||||
增粘剂 | 氢化萜烯树脂*1 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 35 | |
氢化芳香石油树脂*2 | 5 | |||||||||
软化剂 | 石蜡油*3 | 5 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 30 | 10 | |||
酯油*4 | 5 | 10 | 14 | |||||||
无机填料 | 二氧化钛 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |||||||
抗氧剂 | 受阻酚*5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |||||
熔融粘度(cps.180℃) | 3300 | 1700 | 1200 | 1700 | 3500 | 2000 | 1500 | 2200 | 3500 |
注:表1中*1-*5的含义如下:
*1:Clearon P105(Yasuhara KagakuK.K.的产品)
*2:Alcon 100(Arakawa Kagaku K.K.的产品)
*3:PW90(Idemitsu PetrochemicalCo.,Ltd的产品)
*4:Adecasizer UL-80(Asahi DenkaKogyo K.K的产品)
*5:Irganox 1010(Ciba-Geigy Ltd的产品)
表 2
实施例 | ||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
反射率减少 (%) | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
粘合性能 | 20℃ | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 |
50℃ | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 |
表 3
工业实用性
实施例 | ||||
10 | 11 | 12 | ||
反射率减少 (%) | 2 | 14 | 1 | |
粘合性能 | 20℃ | 好 | 好 | 好 |
50℃ | 好 | 好 | 好 |
本发明的吸收性物品具有优越的透湿性能,适于涂覆粘合剂,此粘合剂的高度初始粘接,并且极少发生粘合剂中的软化剂或透湿性片材中的柔软剂的渗透,因此可以避免由软化剂和/或柔软剂的渗透引起的各种缺陷,例如透湿性片材的表面的硬化,表观的损坏,各种性能特征的损坏,储存期间吸收性物品堆积引发的粘连,以及由于粘合剂组分随时间产生变化而导致的粘结损坏。
本发明已通过其中的优选实施例进行了描述。因此,以上所描述的实施例仅用于说明本发明,对本发明的任何变化和改动都应在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (8)
1、一种吸收性物品,该物品具有涂覆了粘合剂的透湿性片材,其特征在于:
所说的透湿性片材包含可通过制备熔混溶液而得到的多孔片材,该熔混溶液是通过熔融共混而制得的,并含有作为主要组分的结晶聚烯烃和一个化合物,该化合物能与所说的结晶聚烯烃混溶,而且在所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点时或该熔点之上时,所说的结晶聚烯烃将溶在该化合物中,但是在所说的结晶聚烯烃的熔点以下时,该化合物将形成相分离,将所说的熔混溶液模塑成片材,至少沿一个方向拉伸所说的片材,以形成微孔;和
所说的透湿性片材的透湿性能在0.5至4g/100cm2.h的范围之内,所说片材在横向拉伸3%时的拉伸载荷在100-300g/cm的范围之间,体积柔软度为55g或更低,断裂强度为250g/cm或更高,涂有所述粘合剂的区域的反射率减少,在50℃下保存一天后为20%或更低。
2、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中的吸收性物品为一次性尿布,该一次性尿布包括透液性表层片材,含有所说的透湿性片材的非透液性表层片材,及嵌于所说的表层片材与底层片材之间的吸收体,
所说的表层片材,所说的底层片材和所说的吸收体是通过处于所说的三个构件上预设部位上的粘合剂而粘结在一起的,并且,
该一次性尿布具有扣紧带,该扣紧带可粘附于所说底层片材的任何部位上,而且也可由这些部位上剥离下来。
3、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中,所说的结晶聚烯烃是聚丙烯。
4、如权利要求3的吸收性物品,其中,所说的聚丙烯是聚丙烯均聚物,丙烯-其它烯烃的共聚物,聚丙烯与丙烯-其它烯烃的共聚物的掺混物,聚丙烯和聚乙烯的掺混物或丙烯-其它烯烃的共聚物与聚乙烯的掺混物。
5、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中,所说的粘合剂含有20%(重量)或更少的在室温下为液体的组分及30%-70%(重量)的室温下为固体的增粘剂。
6、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中,所说的粘合剂含有超过20%最多至30%(重量)的室温下为液体的组分及10%(重量)或更少的室温下为固体的增粘剂。
7、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中,所说的粘合剂的熔融粘度在180℃时为10000cps或更低。
8、如权利要求1的吸收性物品,其中,所说的粘合剂含有5%(重量)或更少的无机填料。
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EP0993832A1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article comprising a microporous film with an adhesive layer |
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US6846876B1 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-25 | Adherent Laboratories, Inc. | Low odor, light color, disposable article construction adhesive |
US7270889B2 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2007-09-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tackified amorphous-poly-alpha-olefin-bonded structures |
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US7910794B2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2011-03-22 | Adherent Laboratories, Inc. | Disposable diaper construction and adhesive |
CA2815196C (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2019-08-13 | Daniel B. Love | Absorbent articles and methods of manufacturing the same |
US10117792B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2018-11-06 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Absorbent articles and methods of manufacturing the same |
US20120330258A1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-12-27 | Simon Poruthoor | Sheet materials having improved softness and graphics clarity |
USD716938S1 (en) | 2011-10-19 | 2014-11-04 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Absorbent core |
US9486368B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-11-08 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Disposable hygienic article with means for diagnostic testing |
US9375367B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-06-28 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Fastener for an absorbent article |
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US9622922B2 (en) | 2014-04-21 | 2017-04-18 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Stretch breathable protective absorbent article using bilaminate |
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DE69522771D1 (de) | 2001-10-25 |
KR100341083B1 (ko) | 2002-12-05 |
US5738669A (en) | 1998-04-14 |
AU684158B2 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
EP0702571A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
EP0702571B1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
ES2163502T3 (es) | 2002-02-01 |
CN1143691C (zh) | 2004-03-31 |
TW258654B (en) | 1995-10-01 |
KR960703018A (ko) | 1996-06-19 |
WO1995027516A1 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
DE69522771T2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
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