CN112692272B - Two-dimensional casting forming device and method for metal cast ingot - Google Patents
Two-dimensional casting forming device and method for metal cast ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN112692272B CN112692272B CN202011438906.3A CN202011438906A CN112692272B CN 112692272 B CN112692272 B CN 112692272B CN 202011438906 A CN202011438906 A CN 202011438906A CN 112692272 B CN112692272 B CN 112692272B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a two-dimensional casting molding device and a method of a metal cast ingot, wherein a vacuum atmosphere tank body is emptied until the pressure in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and water is introduced into a cooling water cavity for cooling; placing a tundish, moving a casting car and the tundish to the upper part of the top cover, aligning a water gap with an orifice in the center of the top cover, injecting pre-smelted metal melt into the tundish, and performing supplementary heating on the metal melt in the tundish; starting a shifting system to enable the ingot mould to be positioned below a water gap, and then opening a cooling water pipe to cool the ingot mould; pouring metal melt, enabling the metal melt to flow into an ingot mould, starting a shifting system, enabling the ingot mould to continuously move according to a set track, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the metal melt in the ingot mould until the ingot mould is filled with the metal melt. The advantages are that: the process is simple, the fine-grained compact metal cast ingot with uniform internal quality can be obtained in a die casting mode, the yield of the cast ingot is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal ingot blank preparation, and particularly relates to a two-dimensional casting forming device and method for a metal ingot.
Background
At present, the production method of large metal cast ingots is still mainly common die casting. When large metal ingots are cast by common die casting, pre-smelted metal melt is poured into an ingot mould for cooling, solidification and molding. At this time, as the three-dimensional size of the ingot increases, the solidification speed of the metal melt in the ingot mold is rapidly reduced, especially for some metals with poor heat conductivity (such as alloy steel, titanium and alloy ingot thereof, and the like). This causes a series of quality problems, such as the progress of various segregation, the development of columnar crystals, the coarseness of the core structure, the porosity and shrinkage of the core, and the increase of non-metallic inclusions, which results in a significant decrease in the quality of the ingot.
In order to improve the internal quality of the cast ingot, an electroslag casting process is widely used, the purity of the metal cast ingot produced by electroslag casting is high, the components are relatively uniform, the segregation is relatively small, and the structure is compact, but the electroslag casting process has high energy consumption, low electrode melting speed, low production rate and high cost, and a lot of quality problems still exist after the size of the cast ingot is increased to a certain degree. In addition, the inclusion of fluoride in the slag system also results in atmospheric pollution with fluorine.
In order to fully exert the advantages of die casting and improve the quality of die casting metal ingots, Chinese patent publication CN101406937A proposes an 'inner cooling method for inhibiting the macro segregation of large steel ingots', a low-temperature steel bar is preset in a cavity of a steel ingot, so that the nucleation point in the steel ingot is increased, the solidification speed of the large steel ingot is improved, and the method has an obvious inhibiting effect on the segregation of the large steel ingot. However, the method is complicated in material distribution, the weight ratio of the bar stock to the ingot needs to be controlled within the range of 0.8% -3%, and the effect of refining the structure is weak. Patent documents 201210275772.1, 201610316759.x, 200910010862.1 respectively propose the idea of solidifying and changing micro-ladle casting layer by layer into separated and dispersed casting and multi-ladle gradient casting, and control segregation in each casting layer range to reduce the segregation degree of the whole cast ingot. However, the methods have the problems of more casting ladles, and great difficulty in controlling each component and casting process parameters. Patent document 200910012229.6 discloses a method for compositely casting an extra-thick slab using a continuous casting slab as a mold cavity of a mold, wherein the extra-thick slab is formed by forming a mold from 2 or more continuous casting slabs and pouring molten steel therebetween for solidification and composition, and the method has the obvious disadvantage that the interface between the slab and the solidified structure is easily oxidized and separated, resulting in composition failure. The Chinese patent document with the application number of 201410742466.9 provides a reduction casting composite method and a device thereof for large steel ingots, and the Chinese patent document with the application number of 201510138188.0 provides a method and a device for multi-core reduction multi-ladle co-casting composite casting large steel ingots, and the Chinese patent document with the application number of 201710545204.7 provides a method and a device thereof for bidirectional cooling dynamic casting composite cast ingots. However, in the actual operation process, pores usually appear between the cold core and the molten steel, so that the quality problem inside the steel ingot is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a two-dimensional casting forming device and a two-dimensional casting forming method for a metal cast ingot, which can obtain a fine-grained, homogeneous and compact metal cast ingot in a die casting mode, improve the internal quality of the cast ingot and reduce the production cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a two-dimensional casting forming method of a metal cast ingot comprises the following steps:
1) evacuating the vacuum tank: pressing a sealing rubber ring on the vacuum tank body, then covering a top cover, locking the top cover by using a bolt, sealing an orifice in the center of the top cover by using a sealing blind plate, and closing an exhaust pipeline; opening the air inlet pipeline, vacuumizing and exhausting the vacuum atmosphere tank body from the air inlet pipeline, filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body through the air inlet pipeline after the gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is exhausted until the pressure in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and cooling the cooling water cavity by introducing water;
2) placing a tundish: opening a sealing blind plate on the top cover, simultaneously opening an exhaust pipeline, uninterruptedly filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body at the moment, ensuring that the inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is in a micro-positive pressure state, moving the casting car and the tundish to the upper part of the top cover, aligning a water gap with a hole opening in the center of the top cover, then injecting pre-smelted metal melt into the tundish, covering the tundish cover, opening a heating element on the tundish cover, and performing supplementary heating on the metal melt in the tundish;
3) starting a shifting system: the transverse transmission mechanism and the longitudinal transmission mechanism are respectively driven and controlled by a transverse moving motor and a longitudinal moving motor, the positions of the transverse moving trolley and the longitudinal moving trolley are adjusted to enable the ingot mould to be positioned below a water gap, and then a cooling water pipe is opened to cool the ingot mould;
4) pouring a metal melt: opening a water gap at the bottom of the tundish to enable the metal melt to flow into the ingot mould, controlling the flow of the metal melt by adjusting the opening degree of the water gap, starting a displacement system at the moment, adjusting the position of the ingot mould, enabling the ingot mould to continuously move according to a set track, and pouring the metal melt at different positions in the ingot mould, and meanwhile, controlling the flow of the metal melt by adjusting the opening degree of the water gap in the pouring process of the metal melt, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the metal melt in the ingot mould until the ingot mould is filled with the metal melt;
5) taking out the cast ingot: after the ingot mould is filled with the metal melt, a water gap at the bottom of the tundish is closed, pouring is stopped, the casting trolley and the tundish are moved away, the transverse moving trolley and the longitudinal moving trolley are stopped to move, after the residual metal melt in the ingot mould is completely solidified, the inert gas supply is stopped, then the top cover is opened, the ingot mould and the ingot in the ingot mould are lifted by the crane, and then demoulding and hot processing are carried out.
A two-dimensional casting molding device for metal cast ingots comprises a vacuum protective atmosphere system, a displacement system and a casting system;
the vacuum protective atmosphere system comprises a vacuum atmosphere tank body, a cooling water cavity, a bolt, a sealing rubber ring, a top cover, a sealing blind plate, an exhaust pipeline and an air inlet pipeline; the vacuum tank body is formed by welding two layers of stainless steel plates, a cooling water cavity is arranged in the middle, and water is introduced into the cavity for cooling; a top cover is arranged at the top of the vacuum atmosphere tank body, an orifice for casting is formed in the center of the top cover, a sealing blind plate is arranged on the orifice, the top cover and the vacuum atmosphere tank body are sealed through a sealing rubber ring and are locked and fixed through bolts; the air inlet pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum atmosphere tank body and is used for pumping air in the vacuum atmosphere tank body and filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body; an exhaust pipeline is arranged on the top cover and used for exhausting inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body;
the shifting system comprises a transverse moving trolley, a transverse transmission mechanism, a transverse moving track, a transverse moving motor, a longitudinal moving trolley, a longitudinal transmission mechanism, a longitudinal moving track, a longitudinal moving motor and a bottom plate; the bottom plate is tiled at the bottom of the vacuum atmosphere tank body, two longitudinal moving rails which are parallel to each other are welded on the bottom plate, a longitudinal moving trolley is arranged on the longitudinal moving rails, and the longitudinal moving trolley can move back and forth on the longitudinal moving rails under the action of a longitudinal moving motor and a longitudinal transmission mechanism; two parallel transverse moving rails are arranged on the longitudinal moving trolley, one transverse moving trolley is arranged on each transverse moving rail, and the transverse moving trolley can move left and right on the transverse moving rails under the action of a transverse moving motor and a transverse transmission mechanism;
the casting system comprises a casting car, a tundish, a ladle cover, a heating element, a water gap, an ingot mold, a cooling water pipe and a refractory brick layer; the ingot mould is arranged on a transverse trolley in a vacuum atmosphere tank body, a refractory brick layer is laid between the ingot mould and the transverse trolley, cooling water pipes are encircled around the ingot mould, and water is introduced into the cooling water pipes to cool the ingot mould; the pouring basket is placed on the top cover through the casting vehicle, the pouring basket is covered with the ladle cover, the heating element is arranged on the ladle cover, and the water gap at the bottom of the pouring basket is aligned to the hole opening of the top cover.
The ingot mould is made of steel plates by welding, or cast iron by casting, or copper alloy.
The cooling water pipe is wound around the ingot mould or embedded into the surface of the ingot mould.
The vacuum protective atmosphere system also comprises a vacuum exhaust device and an inert gas supply device which are arranged outside the vacuum atmosphere tank body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple process, can obtain the fine-grained compact metal cast ingot with uniform internal quality by a die casting mode, improves the comprehensive yield of the cast ingot, reduces the production cost, and has the specific advantages that:
1) the invention can accurately control the flow field, the temperature field, the solute concentration field and the stress field of the metal melt in the ingot casting by moving the ingot mould, controlling the casting position of the casting flow and matching with the control of the casting flow, thereby realizing more accurate control of the solidification process of the metal melt.
2) According to the invention, by moving the ingot mould, controlling the casting position of the casting flow and matching with the control of the casting flow, the flexible control of the position and the depth of a metal molten pool can be realized, the supercooling degree of a solid-liquid two-phase region can be improved, the nucleation rate is improved, and the liquid shrinkage of a metal melt is reduced, so that a metal ingot with a finer, more uniform and more compact structure is obtained, and the yield of the obtained metal ingot is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-vacuum atmosphere tank body 2-cooling water cavity 3-bolt 4-sealing rubber ring 5-top cover 6-casting car 7-tundish 8-ladle cover 9-metal melt 10-heating element 11-water gap 12-sealing blind plate 13-exhaust pipeline 14-cooling water pipe 15-ingot mould 16-refractory brick layer 17-traversing car 18-transverse transmission mechanism 19-traversing motor 20-traversing rail 21-longitudinal rail 22-bottom plate 23-longitudinal motor 24-longitudinal transmission mechanism 25-longitudinal car 26-air inlet pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the two-dimensional casting and forming device for the metal cast ingot comprises a vacuum protective atmosphere system, a displacement system and a casting system:
the vacuum protective atmosphere system comprises a vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, a cooling water cavity 2, a bolt 3, a sealing rubber ring 4, a top cover 5, a sealing blind plate 12, an exhaust pipeline 13 and an air inlet pipeline 26; the vacuum tank body 1 is formed by welding two layers of stainless steel plates, a cooling water cavity 2 is arranged in the middle, and water is introduced into the cavity for cooling; a top cover 5 is arranged at the top of the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, an orifice for casting is formed in the center of the top cover 5, a sealing blind plate 12 is arranged on the orifice, and a sealing rubber ring 4 is added between the top cover 5 and the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 for sealing and is locked by a bolt 3; the air inlet pipe 26 is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 and is used for pumping air in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 and filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1; an exhaust pipe 13 is arranged on the top cover 5 and used for exhausting inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body.
The shifting system comprises a transverse moving trolley 17, a transverse transmission mechanism 18, a transverse moving rail 20, a transverse moving motor 19, a longitudinal moving trolley 25, a longitudinal transmission mechanism 24, a longitudinal moving rail 21, a longitudinal moving motor 23 and a bottom plate 22; the bottom plate 22 is flatly laid at the bottom of the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, two longitudinal movement rails 21 are welded on the bottom plate 22, a longitudinal movement trolley 25 is arranged on the longitudinal movement rail 2, and the longitudinal movement trolley 25 can move back and forth on the longitudinal movement rails 21 under the action of a longitudinal movement motor 23 and a longitudinal transmission mechanism 24; two transverse moving rails 20 are arranged on the longitudinal moving trolley 25, one transverse moving trolley 17 is arranged on the transverse moving rail 20, and the transverse moving trolley 17 can move left and right on the transverse moving rails 20 under the action of a transverse moving motor 19 and a transverse transmission mechanism 18.
The longitudinal transmission 24 and the transverse transmission 18 may be gear-rack transmission, lead screw-nut transmission, or sprocket-chain transmission, which are conventional and will not be described in detail herein.
The casting system comprises a casting car 6, a tundish 7, a ladle cover 8, a heating element 10, a water gap 11, an ingot mould 15, a cooling water pipe 14 and a refractory brick layer 16; the tundish 7 is placed on a casting car 6, the casting car 6 slides on a track through a stand column support, an ingot mould 15 is placed on the upper surface of a transverse trolley 17 in a vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, a refractory brick layer 16 is laid between the ingot mould 15 and the transverse trolley 17, a cooling water pipe 14 is surrounded around the ingot mould 15, water is introduced into the cooling water pipe 14, and the ingot mould 15 is cooled; the tundish 7 is placed on the casting car, the tundish 7 is covered by a ladle cover 8, the ladle cover 8 is provided with a heating element 10, and a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 is aligned with an opening in the center of the top cover 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a two-dimensional casting molding method of a metal ingot comprises the following steps:
1) evacuating the vacuum tank: pressing a sealing rubber ring 4 on the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then covering a top cover 5, locking the top cover 5 by using a bolt 3, sealing an orifice in the center of the top cover 5 by using a sealing blind plate 11, and closing an exhaust pipeline 13; and opening the air inlet pipeline 26, opening the vacuum exhaust device, vacuumizing and exhausting the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through an inert gas supply device after the gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is exhausted until the pressure in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and introducing water into the cooling water cavity 2 for cooling.
2) Placing a tundish: opening a sealing blind plate 12 on the top cover 5, simultaneously opening an exhaust pipeline 13, at the moment, uninterruptedly filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through an inert gas supply device, ensuring that the inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state (the positive pressure value is controlled to be 0.01-120 Pa), preventing external air from entering the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then moving the casting car 6 and the tundish 7 to the upper part of the top cover 5, aligning a water gap 11 to an orifice in the center of the top cover 5, then injecting a pre-smelted metal melt 9 into the tundish 7, covering the ladle cover 8, opening a heating element 10 on the ladle cover 8, and complementarily heating the metal melt 9 in the tundish 7;
3) starting a shifting system: the transverse moving motor 19 and the longitudinal moving motor 23 drive the transverse transmission mechanism 18 and the longitudinal transmission mechanism 24, the positions of the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 are adjusted, so that the ingot mould 15 is positioned below the water gap 11, and then the cooling water pipe 14 is opened to cool the ingot mould 15;
4) pouring a metal melt: opening a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 to enable the metal melt 9 to flow into the ingot mold 15, controlling the flow rate of the metal melt 9 by controlling the opening degree of the water gap 11, adjusting the positions of a transverse trolley 17 and a longitudinal trolley 25 at the moment, controlling the position of the ingot mold 15, enabling the ingot mold 15 to continuously move according to a set track to enable the metal melt 9 to be poured at different positions in the ingot mold 15, simultaneously controlling the flow rate of the metal melt 9 by adjusting the opening degree of the water gap 11 in the metal melt pouring process, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the metal melt 9 in the ingot mold 15 until the ingot mold 15 is filled with the metal melt 9.
5) Taking out the cast ingot: after the ingot mould 15 is filled with the metal melt 9, a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 is closed, pouring is stopped, the casting trolley 6 and the tundish 7 are removed, the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 stop moving, inert gas supply is stopped after the residual metal melt 9 in the ingot mould 15 is completely solidified, then the top cover 5 is opened, the ingot mould and an ingot in the ingot mould are lifted by a crane, and then demoulding and hot processing are carried out.
[ example 1 ]
The preparation method of the fine-crystalline homogeneous dense large steel ingot takes the preparation of a large Q345 steel ingot with the weight of 80 tons as an example, and comprises the following specific steps as shown in figures 1 and 2:
1) firstly, assembling equipment: fixing a bottom plate 22 on the bottom of a vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then placing a longitudinal moving trolley 25 and a control mechanism thereof on a longitudinal moving track 21, then placing a transverse moving trolley 17 and a control mechanism thereof on the longitudinal moving trolley 25, laying a refractory brick layer 16 on the transverse moving trolley 17 for heat insulation, adjusting the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to be at initial positions, and placing an 80-ton ingot mold 15 on the refractory brick layer 16; covering a top cover 5 on the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, locking by using a bolt 3, moving a casting car 6 and a tundish 7 to the upper surface of the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and aligning a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 to an orifice in the center of the top cover 5;
2) air in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is evacuated, argon is filled in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and the specific method comprises the following steps: pressing a sealing rubber ring 4 on the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then covering a top cover 5, locking the top cover 5 by using a bolt 3, sealing an orifice in the center of the top cover 5 by using a sealing blind plate 11, and closing an exhaust pipeline 13; opening the air inlet pipe 26, vacuumizing and exhausting the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 reaches 10-2When Pa is needed, argon gas is filled into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through the air inlet pipeline 26 until the pressure of the argon gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and water is filled into the cooling water cavity 2 for cooling.
3) Preparing for casting: opening a sealing blind plate 11 on a top cover 5, simultaneously opening an exhaust pipeline 13, uninterruptedly filling argon into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through an air inlet pipeline 26 at the moment, ensuring that the argon in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state, controlling the positive pressure value to be 0.01-120 Pa, preventing external air from entering the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then moving a casting car 6 and a tundish 7 to the upper part of the top cover 5, aligning a water gap 11 to an orifice in the center of the top cover 5, injecting pre-smelted Q molten steel 345 9 into the tundish 7, covering a ladle cover 8, opening a heating element 10 on the ladle cover 8, and performing supplementary heating on the Q345 molten steel 9 in the tundish 7;
4) adjusting the positions of the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to enable the ingot mould 15 to be positioned below the water gap 11, and then opening the cooling water pipe 14 to cool the ingot mould 15;
5) pouring a metal melt into the ingot mold: and opening a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 to enable the molten steel 9 to flow into the ingot mold 15, starting the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to enable the ingot mold 15 to continuously move according to a preset track, so that the molten steel 9 is poured at different positions in the ingot mold 15, controlling the opening degree of the water gap 11 in the molten steel pouring process to further control the flow rate of the molten steel 9, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the molten steel 9 in the ingot mold 15 until the ingot mold 15 is filled with the molten steel 9.
6) Taking out the cast ingot: after the ingot mould 15 is filled with the molten steel 9, a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 is closed, pouring is stopped, the casting trolley and the tundish 7 are moved away, the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 are stopped, argon supply is stopped after the residual molten steel 9 in the ingot mould 15 is completely solidified, then the top cover 5 is opened, the ingot mould and the steel ingot in the ingot mould are hoisted by the crane, and then demoulding and hot working are carried out.
[ example 2 ]
The preparation method of the fine-grained homogeneous compact alloy steel ingot takes the preparation of a 7.5-ton 4Cr13 die steel ingot as an example, and comprises the following specific steps as shown in the following figure 1 and figure 2:
1) firstly, assembling equipment: fixing a bottom plate 22 on the bottom of a vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then placing a longitudinal moving trolley 25 and a control mechanism thereof on a longitudinal moving track 21, then placing a transverse moving trolley 17 and a control mechanism thereof on the longitudinal moving trolley 25, laying a refractory brick layer 16 on the transverse moving trolley 17 for heat insulation, adjusting the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to be at initial positions, and placing an 80-ton ingot mold 15 on the refractory brick layer 16; covering a top cover 5 on the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, locking by using a bolt 3, moving a casting car 6 and a tundish 7 to the upper surface of the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and aligning a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 to an orifice in the center of the top cover 5;
2) air in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is evacuated, argon is filled in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and the specific method comprises the following steps: pressing a sealing rubber ring 4 on the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then covering a top cover 5, locking the top cover 5 by using a bolt 3, sealing an orifice in the center of the top cover 5 by using a sealing blind plate 11, and closing an exhaust pipeline 13; opening the air inlet pipe 26, vacuumizing and exhausting the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, and when the vacuum degree in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 reaches 10-2When Pa is needed, argon gas is filled into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through the air inlet pipeline 26 until the pressure of the argon gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and water is filled into the cooling water cavity 2 for cooling.
3) Preparing for casting: opening a sealing blind plate 11 on a top cover 5, simultaneously opening an exhaust pipeline 13, uninterruptedly filling argon into the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 through an air inlet pipeline 26 at the moment, ensuring that the argon in the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state, controlling the positive pressure value to be 0.01-120 Pa, preventing external air from entering the vacuum atmosphere tank body 1, then moving a casting car 6 and a tundish 7 to the upper part of the top cover 5, aligning a water gap 11 to an orifice in the center of the top cover 5, injecting pre-smelted Q molten steel 345 9 into the tundish 7, covering a ladle cover 8, opening a heating element 10 on the ladle cover 8, and performing supplementary heating on the Q345 molten steel 9 in the tundish 7;
4) adjusting the positions of the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to enable the ingot mould 15 to be positioned below the water gap 11, and then opening the cooling water pipe 14 to cool the ingot mould 15;
5) pouring a metal melt into the ingot mold: and opening a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 to enable the molten steel 9 to flow into the ingot mold 15, starting the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 to enable the ingot mold 15 to continuously move according to a preset track, so that the molten steel 9 is poured at different positions in the ingot mold 15, controlling the opening degree of the water gap 11 in the molten steel pouring process to further control the flow rate of the molten steel 9, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the molten steel 9 in the ingot mold 15 until the ingot mold 15 is filled with the molten steel 9.
6) Taking out the cast ingot: after the ingot mould 15 is filled with the molten steel 9, a water gap 11 at the bottom of the tundish 7 is closed, pouring is stopped, the casting trolley 6 and the tundish 7 are moved away, the transverse moving trolley 17 and the longitudinal moving trolley 25 are stopped, argon supply is stopped after the residual molten steel 9 in the ingot mould 15 is completely solidified, then the top cover 5 is opened, the ingot mould and the steel ingot in the ingot mould are hoisted by the crane, and then demoulding and hot working are carried out.
Claims (4)
1. A two-dimensional casting forming method of a metal cast ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) evacuating the vacuum tank: pressing a sealing rubber ring on the vacuum tank body, then covering a top cover, locking the top cover by using a bolt, sealing an orifice in the center of the top cover by using a sealing blind plate, and closing an exhaust pipeline; opening the air inlet pipeline, vacuumizing and exhausting the vacuum atmosphere tank body from the air inlet pipeline, filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body through the air inlet pipeline after the gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is exhausted until the pressure in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and cooling the cooling water cavity by introducing water;
2) placing a tundish: opening a sealing blind plate on the top cover, simultaneously opening an exhaust pipeline, uninterruptedly filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body at the moment, ensuring that the inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body is in a micro-positive pressure state, moving the casting car and the tundish to the upper part of the top cover, aligning a water gap with a hole opening in the center of the top cover, then injecting pre-smelted metal melt into the tundish, covering the tundish cover, opening a heating element on the tundish cover, and performing supplementary heating on the metal melt in the tundish;
3) starting a shifting system: the transverse transmission mechanism and the longitudinal transmission mechanism are respectively driven and controlled by a transverse moving motor and a longitudinal moving motor, the positions of the transverse moving trolley and the longitudinal moving trolley are adjusted to enable the ingot mould to be positioned below a water gap, and then a cooling water pipe is opened to cool the ingot mould;
4) pouring a metal melt: opening a water gap at the bottom of the tundish to enable the metal melt to flow into the ingot mould, controlling the flow of the metal melt by adjusting the opening degree of the water gap, starting a displacement system at the moment, adjusting the position of the ingot mould, enabling the ingot mould to continuously move according to a set track, and pouring the metal melt at different positions in the ingot mould, and meanwhile, controlling the flow of the metal melt by adjusting the opening degree of the water gap in the pouring process of the metal melt, and controlling the temperature field and the solidification process of the metal melt in the ingot mould until the ingot mould is filled with the metal melt;
5) taking out the cast ingot: after the ingot mould is filled with the metal melt, closing a water gap at the bottom of the tundish, stopping pouring, moving the casting car and the tundish, stopping moving the transverse moving car and the longitudinal moving car, stopping supplying the inert gas after the residual metal melt in the ingot mould is completely solidified, then opening the top cover, hoisting the ingot mould and the ingot in the ingot mould by using the crane, and then demoulding and hot processing;
the two-dimensional casting and forming device for the metal cast ingot for realizing the method comprises a vacuum protective atmosphere system, a displacement system and a casting system;
the vacuum protective atmosphere system comprises a vacuum atmosphere tank body, a cooling water cavity, a bolt, a sealing rubber ring, a top cover, a sealing blind plate, an exhaust pipeline and an air inlet pipeline; the vacuum tank body is formed by welding two layers of stainless steel plates, a cooling water cavity is arranged in the middle, and water is introduced into the cavity for cooling; a top cover is arranged at the top of the vacuum atmosphere tank body, an orifice for casting is formed in the center of the top cover, a sealing blind plate is arranged on the orifice, the top cover and the vacuum atmosphere tank body are sealed through a sealing rubber ring and are locked and fixed through bolts; the air inlet pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum atmosphere tank body and is used for pumping air in the vacuum atmosphere tank body and filling inert gas into the vacuum atmosphere tank body; an exhaust pipeline is arranged on the top cover and used for exhausting inert gas in the vacuum atmosphere tank body;
the shifting system comprises a transverse moving trolley, a transverse transmission mechanism, a transverse moving track, a transverse moving motor, a longitudinal moving trolley, a longitudinal transmission mechanism, a longitudinal moving track, a longitudinal moving motor and a bottom plate; the bottom plate is tiled at the bottom of the vacuum atmosphere tank body, two longitudinal moving rails which are parallel to each other are welded on the bottom plate, a longitudinal moving trolley is arranged on the longitudinal moving rails, and the longitudinal moving trolley can move back and forth on the longitudinal moving rails under the action of a longitudinal moving motor and a longitudinal transmission mechanism; two parallel transverse moving rails are arranged on the longitudinal moving trolley, one transverse moving trolley is arranged on each transverse moving rail, and the transverse moving trolley can move left and right on the transverse moving rails under the action of a transverse moving motor and a transverse transmission mechanism;
the casting system comprises a casting car, a tundish, a ladle cover, a heating element, a water gap, an ingot mold, a cooling water pipe and a refractory brick layer; the ingot mould is arranged on a transverse trolley in a vacuum atmosphere tank body, a refractory brick layer is laid between the ingot mould and the transverse trolley, cooling water pipes are encircled around the ingot mould, and water is introduced into the cooling water pipes to cool the ingot mould; the pouring basket is placed on the top cover through the casting vehicle, the pouring basket is covered with the ladle cover, the heating element is arranged on the ladle cover, and the water gap at the bottom of the pouring basket is aligned to the hole opening of the top cover.
2. The two-dimensional casting method of a metal ingot according to claim 1, wherein the ingot mold is made of welded steel plates, cast iron or copper alloy.
3. The two-dimensional casting molding method of a metal ingot according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water pipe is wound around the ingot mold or embedded in the surface of the ingot mold.
4. The two-dimensional casting molding method of a metal ingot according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum protection atmosphere system further comprises a vacuum exhaust device and an inert gas supply device outside the vacuum atmosphere tank body.
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| JPS61286043A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Casting method for longitudinally short steel ingot |
| JP2005279663A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Kyocera Corp | Apparatus for casting silicon |
| CN104475693A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁科技大学 | Reduction casting compositing method and device for large iron ingots |
| CN208712810U (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-04-09 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | A kind of alloy smelting casting slab ingot device |
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| CN105312513B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of method of mold core integration composite casting large size alloy steel ingot |
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| JPS61286043A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Casting method for longitudinally short steel ingot |
| JP2005279663A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Kyocera Corp | Apparatus for casting silicon |
| CN104475693A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁科技大学 | Reduction casting compositing method and device for large iron ingots |
| CN208712810U (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-04-09 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | A kind of alloy smelting casting slab ingot device |
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