CN104249142B - The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel - Google Patents
The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104249142B CN104249142B CN201410505052.4A CN201410505052A CN104249142B CN 104249142 B CN104249142 B CN 104249142B CN 201410505052 A CN201410505052 A CN 201410505052A CN 104249142 B CN104249142 B CN 104249142B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- riser pipe
- steel
- pressure
- booster jar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 riser pipe flange Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the manufacture field of the big strand of thick and large section metal, specifically the pressure casting processes of a kind of sublimate, homogeneous, densification and the big strand of grain refining iron and steel. The present invention is by improving the method for the big Slab quality of iron and steel under pressure, macrosegregation, the shrinkage cavity that can solve existing big cross section strand are loosened, are mingled with the thick problem with crystal grain, realize sublimate, homogeneous, densification and grain refining prepared by the big strand of iron and steel, significantly improve strand lumber recovery. On this basis, rising head gravity feeding is replaced by pressure feeding, it is achieved without rising head casting, the lumber recovery of strand can be significantly improved. The present invention is applicable to the manufacture of big cross section iron and steel strand, comprises round base, square billet and slab, is also applicable to the manufacture of the big strand of aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy and superalloy, is also applicable to ferrous metal and the manufacture of non-ferrous metal intricate casting simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture field of the big strand of thick and large section metal, comprise ferrous metal and the casting of non-ferrous metal circle base, slab and square billet, it it is exactly specifically the pressure casting processes of a kind of sublimate, homogeneous, densification, the big strand of grain refining iron and steel (thickness is greater than 350mm or weight more than 2 tons), controlled by back-pressure effect and molten metal sublimate, it is achieved big strand homogeneous, densification and grain refining.
Background technology
The big strand of iron and steel is the basic mother metal of equipment manufacture, is widely used in national economy and national defense construction. In electricity power, metallurgical equipment, large-scale naval vessel, mould steel, all a large amount of product using big strand rolling/forging, as: nuclear pressure container, boats and ships crankshaft used for large boat, hydrogenator container, aerospace field aluminium alloy thick plate, various high-end mould steels etc., the quality of big strand determines the quality of subsequent product to a great extent. At present, the strand of below 300mm thickness adopts continuous casting technology to produce substantially, but the strand of more than 300mm special steel relies on die casting method substantially to be produced. The main problem that die casting thick and large section strand exists be macrosegregation, shrinkage cavity loosen, be mingled with thick etc. with crystal grain, it is difficult to rely on conventional means and solve. Compared with developed countries, the big strand inner quality of iron and steel that China produces and lumber recovery aspect all obviously fall behind, and cause China's a large amount of import of high-end special steel.
In the world, the manufacture of the big strand of iron and steel is mainly divided into two stages: 1) big rising head die casting technology. In the 90's of last century, the rising heads such as the large steel ingot of production and tail bone resection rate are more than 20%, and lumber recovery is low. Putting forward high-quality main means is increase feeding intensity, expendable material utilization ratio. 2) little rising head die casting technology. Since entering the new millennium, in the manufacturing technology of the big strand of iron and steel, rise a New step abroad, by improving the heat insulation effect of refractory materials, significantly reduce rising head size, substantially increase material use efficiency. At present, in developed countries such as Germany, Sweden, the U.S., Japan, the material use efficiency of static ingot even reaches 90%, and China still maintains about 80%. Meanwhile, having had large increase both at home and abroad in steel-making level, the inner quality of so big strand is obviously improved. Generally developing larger ratio of height to diameter strand at present both at home and abroad, aspect ratio is more than 4.0. But, the main problem that big strand exists at present is: due to rising head gravity feeding decreased effectiveness, center porosity defect is difficult to control; Owing to section size increases, grain growth causes coarse-grain problem; Cast instability is often brought and is mingled with problem; After section size increases, macrosegregation defect is serious. When current gravity casting, the problems referred to above are difficult to fundamentally solve.
And adopt Counter pressure casting method, it is possible to significantly improve the stationarity of mould filling process, it is ensured that pure molten steel enters die cavity, solve and be mingled with problem; By the control of oxide compound and sulfide, it is possible to suppress the formation of macrosegregation, solve macrosegregation defect problem; Pressure is applied, it is possible to solve the strand center porosity problem that gravity feeding deficiency causes by filling and solidification processess; Pressurizeed by process of setting, it is possible to improve the rate of cooling of strand, increase number of nuclei, crystal grain thinning; Substitute rising head gravity feeding by pressure feeding, improve material use efficiency further, it is achieved cast without rising head. Therefore, the big strand manufacturing technology of the iron and steel under pressure development effect, is the inexorable trend of development, has leading action, be also the significant technology of the big strand of third generation iron and steel. This is conducive to improving manufacture quality and the material use efficiency of big strand, fundamentally solves cast form defect and organizes thick problem. The lifting of big slab quality must bring the lifting of follow-up forging/mill bar quality, and this is significant for whole equipment manufacture and special steel industry.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the pressure casting processes of a kind of sublimate, homogeneous, densification, the big strand of grain refining iron and steel, by pressure die casting mode, pure high-temperature liquid metal is steadily filled in big strand die cavity slowly, and make big strand crystallization and freezing under pressure, thus realize big strand sublimate, homogeneous, densification, grain refining manufacture.
Based on this object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:
A pressure casting processes for the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) ladle filling finishing metal liquid puts into booster jar or ladle self as booster jar, and metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are placed in above booster jar, in riser pipe insertion booster jar inner metal liquid;
(2) trigger pressure controller after metallic mould equipment, riser pipe and supercharging system sealing, applies gaseous tension to metal bath surface, and molten metal is steadily filled with in metallic mould by riser pipe under pressure;
(3) after metallic mould is full of, increase pressure, then keep pressure until molten metal solidifies completely;
(4) relief pressure after casting blank solidification, removes riser pipe and metallic mould equipment, opens metallic mould equipment, and strand is the demoulding at high temperature, carries out slow cooling or high temperature diffusion annealing.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, after smelting, molten metal slightly refines through intermediate frequency furnace or electric arc furnace, then carries out external refining and vacuum-treat, forms finishing metal liquid.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, after smelting, the temperature of molten metal remains on 1600 DEG C.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, the total oxygen content T.O < 20 �� 10 of molten metal in ladle-6, [S] < 50 �� 10-6, [P] < 100 �� 10-6, [H] < 2.0 �� 10-6��
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, in ladle, molten metal is higher than liquidus temperature 20��50 DEG C before being filled with metallic mould, carries out low overheat cast.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, molten metal fills type to be less than the speed of 0.5m/s under gaseous tension effect, and adjust filling velocity by computer control system, filling velocity and pressure are controlled in real time as required, dynamic adjustments on computers; Being filled with in metallic mould process and slowly boost, the rate of rise controls at 0.01��0.2atm/min; After molten metal is full of metallic mould, under 3��10 normal atmosphere effects, pressurize is solidified, until solidifying end.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, booster jar is manufacture of steel structure, adopts the pressurized vessel structure bearing more than 10 normal atmosphere.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, riser pipe is composite structure, take steel pipe as skeleton, inner lining refractory block, outer lining refractories, and under metal hydraulic power effect, maintenance more than 2 hours is not defeated and dispersed.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are assembled on moveable hydraulic efficiency plant, hydraulic efficiency plant moves to above booster jar, then riser pipe inserts in the molten metal in ladle along booster jar top cover, seals riser pipe and booster jar top cover afterwards; 2��20h after the full metallic mould of molten metal, end unloading pressure to be solidified, removes hydraulic efficiency plant, opens booster jar.
The pressure casting processes of the described sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, the method is applicable to thickness and is greater than the round base of more than 350mm, square billet or slab, also it is applicable to the aluminium alloy of comparable size, magnesium alloy or superalloy strand, also it is applicable to the coloured of various sizes specification or the manufacture of ferrous metal intricate casting.
The design philosophy of the present invention is:
The present invention is by the Liquid Level Pressure of finishing metal liquid in ladle, making clean metal liquid steadily be filled with in casting mold along riser pipe, and what prevent that molten metal turbulent flow from causing is mingled with problem; By control molten metal refining and the oxide compound of mould filling process and sulfide inclusion, and the thermo parameters method of mould filling process, solve A type segregation that oxide inclusion etc. causes, and the negative segregation problem that causes of die cavity inner metal liquid surface freezing mask sedimentation; By to liquid metal filling pressurization and process of setting pressurize, solving the loose problem of the shrinkage cavity in casting blank solidification process; By process of setting pressurize, strengthening the contact between molten metal and casting mold, increase the speed of cooling of strand, it is to increase the crystal number of nuclei under pressure effect, what solve big cross section strand organizes thick problem. On this basis, rising head gravity feeding is replaced by pressure feeding, it is achieved without rising head casting, the lumber recovery of strand can be significantly improved. The present invention is applicable to the manufacture of big cross section iron and steel strand, comprises round base, square billet and slab, is also applicable to the manufacture of the big strand of aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy and superalloy, is also applicable to ferrous metal and the manufacture of non-ferrous metal intricate casting simultaneously. Wherein,
1. molten metal is in " intermediate frequency furnace/electric furnace-ladle refining-vacuum outgas " set-up procedure, and (general requirement is, T.O < 20 �� 10 for the gases such as control O, S, P, H and impurity content-6(20ppm), [S] < 50 �� 10-6(50ppm), [P] < 100 �� 10-6(100ppm), [H] < 2.0 �� 10-6(2.0ppm)), ensure the purity of molten metal, avoid metal solidification process produces impurity element cluster segregation, the formation of the A segregation of inhibition of impurities buoyant flow induction.
2. molten metal adopts pressure mode to carry out filling type in encloses container, and in mould filling process, riser pipe connects the following clean metal of ladle metal bath surface and big strand die cavity; Pressure system connects ladle encloses container, make to produce in metal bath surface and die cavity pressure reduction, thus impel clean metal liquid sluggish flow to be full of die cavity, suppress molten metal high turbulences in casting process cause oxidation and be mingled with, prevent metal bath surface primary slag to be poured into die cavity simultaneously and form defect.
3. filling type to terminate, big strand is crystallization and freezing under pressure (3��10atm) acts on, and ensures fully feeding in process of setting, strengthens the contact of strand molten metal and die cavity metal pattern wall, it is to increase cooling intensity simultaneously, promotes to solidify shape core, thinning solidification structure.
4. after big strand cast terminates, adopt computer modeling technique monitoring temperature field, after solidifying completely, adopt high temperature to play case, carry out slow cooling or diffusion annealing, not only suppress crackle to produce, and improve production efficiency.
5. in order to ensure that the security filled in type and process of setting and stability, supercharging equipment and riser pipe all adopt high pressure-bearing to design.
Advantage and the useful effect of the present invention be:
1. smelting process of the present invention forms the content of element by control impurity, ensures molten metal purity, thus inhibits and form A segregation in big strand, ensure that the sublimate of big strand and homogeneous.
2. the big strand mould filling process of the present invention is realized by antigravity, and under pressure state, molten metal is solidified, and this belongs to pioneering in ferrous metallurgy field at home and abroad, has leading action. This invention ensure that the stationarity of liquid metal filling, avoids secondary oxidation and slag that high turbulences produces, avoids not clean molten metal to enter die cavity simultaneously, further increase the purity of strand.
3. the big strand of the present invention solidifies under pressure state, facilitates mushy zone feeding, and the generation inhibiting shrinkage cavity loose, ensure that the densification of big strand; Meanwhile, the pressure feeding mode not relying on rising head substantially reduces rising head ratio (almost nil), it is to increase the material use efficiency of big strand.
4. pressure state lower charging type of the present invention, it is possible to increase substantially the mobility of molten metal, therefore can realize low temperature, the cast of ultralow superheating temperature, greatly lower process of setting liquid contraction amount, is conducive to eliminating shrinkage cavity and loosens; Meanwhile, ultralow superheating temperature is cast with and is beneficial to promotion and solidifies shape core, refinement as-cast grain.
5. the present invention is solidified under elevated pressures state, the contact area between molten metal and die cavity is caused to increase, facilitate interface thermal exchange, improve slab cooling intensity, add and solidify nucleation rate, effective refinement solidified structure of big strand, avoids the generation of final coarse-grain, mixed crystal class defect, it is achieved that the grain refining of big strand and subsequent product.
6. after adopting the present invention to solidify end, adopt high temperature to play case, promote the stress relief in process of setting, avoid producing as cast condition crackle, not only increase conforming product rate, and greatly improve production efficiency, save energy.
7. booster jar of the present invention, riser pipe etc. adopt the design of high pressure-bearing, ensure that the stability of production process and security.
8. the present invention has good transplantability, it is not only applicable to the high-quality preparation of the big strand of ferrous metal, also the production of non-ferrous metal strand and foundry goods it is applicable to, especially for high alloy, high value added product, it is particularly conducive to the purity, uniformity and the density that improve its big strand, and is conducive to thinning microstructure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's complete tool structure schematic diagram of big strand pressure die casting. In figure, 1, ingot mould; 2, sealing clamp; 3, lower base plate; 4, refractory brick; 5, riser pipe; 6, ladle; 7, booster jar; 8, pressure controller; 9 booster jar top covers; 10 bolts; 11 ingot mould lower flanges.
Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (b) is riser pipe structural representation of the present invention. Wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is front view; The I place enlarged view that Fig. 2 (b) is Fig. 2 (a). In figure, 51, refractory masses; 52, insulation material layer I; 53, steel pipe; 54, insulation material layer II; 55, brick is watered; 56 riser pipe flanges.
Fig. 3 is the high fine and close strand picture adopting the present invention to produce.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the present invention's big strand complete frock of pressure die casting mainly comprises: ingot mould 1, sealing clamp 2, lower base plate 3, refractory brick 4, riser pipe 5, ladle 6, booster jar 7, pressure controller 8 etc., and concrete structure is as follows:
Ladle 6 is placed in booster jar 7 (or ladle self is as booster jar), and booster jar 7 is connected with pressure controller 8 by pipeline, forms supercharging casting device; Booster jar 7 is manufacture of steel structure, adopts the pressurized vessel structure bearing more than 10 normal atmosphere. Booster jar 7 top arranges booster jar top cover 9, the lower end of riser pipe 5 communicates with ladle 6, the upper end of riser pipe 5 is through booster jar top cover 9, this end is communicated with ingot mould 1 by the centre hole of refractory brick 4, riser pipe 5 top arranges riser pipe flange 56, and riser pipe flange 56 fixing seal is passed through between booster jar top cover 9 and refractory brick 4 in riser pipe 5 top; Under the arranged outside of refractory brick 4, base plate 3 is on booster jar top cover 9, and ingot mould 1 is placed on lower base plate 3 by the bottom surface of ingot mould lower flange 11; Sealing clamp 2 is ring structure, its vertical section is the square that end face and facade are formed, the end face of sealing clamp 2 crimps with the back side of ingot mould lower flange 11, facade and the booster jar top cover 9 of sealing clamp 2 are conflicted, it is connected by bolt 10 between the end face of sealing clamp 2 with booster jar top cover 9, make ingot mould 1 be fixed on lower base plate 3, between ingot mould lower flange 11 and lower base plate 3, realize sealing by sealing clamp 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (b), riser pipe 5 mainly comprises: refractory masses 51, insulation material layer I 52, steel pipe 53, insulation material layer II 54, water brick 55, riser pipe flange 56 etc., and concrete structure is as follows:
Riser pipe 5 is composite structure, riser pipe 5 top is riser pipe flange 56, the tubular portion of riser pipe flange less than 56 is layered structure, being followed successively by refractory masses 51, insulation material layer I 52, steel pipe 53, insulation material layer II 54 from outside to inside, water brick 55, riser pipe flange 56 and steel pipe 53 are structure as a whole. Thus, take steel pipe as skeleton, inner lining refractory block, outer lining refractories, riser pipe 5 is had simultaneously, and heat-resisting good heat-insulation effect, transmission Molten Steel Flow are strong, fastening structure and the function and efficacy such as easy for installation, keep under metal hydraulic power effect more than 2 hours not defeated and dispersed.
In the present invention, metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are assembled on moveable hydraulic efficiency plant, and hydraulic efficiency plant moves to above booster jar, and then riser pipe inserts in the molten metal in ladle along booster jar top cover, seal riser pipe and booster jar top cover afterwards; 2��20h after the full metallic mould of molten metal, end unloading pressure to be solidified, removes hydraulic efficiency plant, opens booster jar.
The present invention is by adopting the pressure casting processes production big strand of iron and steel, it is achieved sublimate, homogeneous, densification, grain refining, and concrete implementation step and mode are as follows:
1. prepare molten metal by operational paths such as " intermediate frequency furnace/electric arc furnace-ladle refining-vacuum outgass ", by weight, it is achieved T.O < 20 �� 10-6, [S] < 50 �� 10-6, [P] < 100 �� 10-6, [H] < 2.0 �� 10-6Deng molten metal sublimate control objectives.
As shown in Figure 1,2. by the high-temperature liquid metal (preferred superheating temperature 20��50 DEG C) of liquidus temperature more than 20 DEG C, leave in ladle 6, and ladle 6 is placed in booster jar 7.
3. assembling riser pipe 5, refractory brick 4, lower base plate 3 and ingot mould 1, and adopt sealing clamp 2 to seal, pressure controller 8 is connected with booster jar 7 by pipeline. Metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are assembled on moveable hydraulic efficiency plant, and hydraulic efficiency plant moves to above booster jar, and then riser pipe inserts in the molten metal in ladle along booster jar top cover, seal riser pipe and booster jar top cover afterwards.
4. adopting sealing clamp to seal, the stopping property between inspection pressure controller 8 and booster jar 7 and ingot mould 1, prepares pressurization and produces.
5. trigger pressure controller 8, air pressure in booster jar 7 is increased with the speed of 0.01��0.20atm/min, rising when making molten metal there is pressure difference between ladle 6 and ingot mould 1 die cavity, molten metal is with the slow filling die cavity of speed lower than 0.5m/s (preferably 0.15��0.45m/s).
6., after ingot mould die cavity is full of by molten metal, rapid adherence pressure controller 8 and air pressure to the 3��10atm in booster jar 7, make the molten metal in die cavity solidify under stress.
7. ingot mould 1 adopts up-small and down-big positive taper down gate to design, and big strand is once solidify completely, and relief pressure controller 8 and the pressure in booster jar 7, implement the demoulding immediately.
8. after the demoulding, big strand is put into rapidly burial pit and is carried out cold slowly, or carries out high temperature diffusion annealing (annealing temperature is more than 800 DEG C).
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
The present embodiment adopts the method that the present invention relates to carry out �� 800mm �� 3000mm, the preparation of 10 tonnes of big strands of iron and steel, and molten steel material is 45Cr.
First adopting electric arc furnace-LF refining and vacuum outgas to carry out steel treatment, before cast, the weight content of detected gas and impurity element is: T.O=15 �� 10-6, [S]=40 �� 10-6, [P]=80 �� 10-6, [H]=1.5 �� 10-6, meet molten metal purity requirement.
Adopting the pressure casting processes of the big strand of iron and steel, be placed in 15 tons of ladles by molten metal (initial temperature 1550 DEG C, superheating temperature 50 DEG C), the instruments such as ladle overhead traveling crane hang in booster jar, and then close booster jar top cover. The ingot mould die cavity assembled, riser pipe are put on supercharging casting device, trigger pressure controller, carry out the cast of the big strand of iron and steel, by control pressuring method and pressing speed, air pressure in booster jar is increased with the speed of 0.12atm/min, rising when making molten steel there is pressure difference between ladle and ingot mould die cavity, and adjust filling velocity by computer control system, the speed of molten metal filling die cavity is 0.23��0.45m/s.
Ingot mould die cavity is filled in 15min, and the pressure promoting booster jar is to 8atm, and keeps 3h, and case played immediately by molten metal after solidifying completely, big strand hull-skin temperature is 1100 DEG C, and big strand is put into burial pit and cooled at a slow speed.
The high fine and close blank that the present embodiment is produced is as shown in Figure 3. After testing, the quality level of the present embodiment production big strand of iron and steel is in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment result shows, the present invention can solve the macrosegregation of existing big cross section strand, shrinkage cavity is loosened, is mingled with the thick problem with crystal grain, it is achieved sublimate, homogeneous, densification and grain refining prepared by the big strand of iron and steel, significantly improve strand lumber recovery.
Claims (10)
1. the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel, it is characterised in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) ladle filling finishing metal liquid puts into booster jar or ladle self as booster jar, and metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are placed in above booster jar, in riser pipe insertion booster jar inner metal liquid;
(2) trigger pressure controller after metallic mould equipment, riser pipe and supercharging system sealing, applies gaseous tension to metal bath surface, and molten metal is steadily filled with in metallic mould by riser pipe under pressure;
(3) after metallic mould is full of, increase pressure, then keep pressure until molten metal solidifies completely;
(4) relief pressure after casting blank solidification, removes riser pipe and metallic mould equipment, opens metallic mould equipment, and strand is the demoulding at high temperature, carries out slow cooling or high temperature diffusion annealing;
The method adopts the big complete frock of strand pressure die casting, comprising: ingot mould, sealing clamp, lower base plate, refractory brick, riser pipe, ladle, pressure controller, and concrete structure is as follows:
Ladle is placed in booster jar or ladle self as booster jar, and booster jar is connected with pressure controller by pipeline, forms supercharging casting device; Booster jar top arranges booster jar top cover, the lower end of riser pipe communicates with ladle, the upper end of riser pipe is through booster jar top cover, this end is communicated with ingot mould by the centre hole of refractory brick, riser pipe top arranges riser pipe flange, and riser pipe flange fixing seal is passed through between booster jar top cover and refractory brick in riser pipe top; Under the arranged outside of refractory brick, base plate is on booster jar top cover, and ingot mould is placed on lower base plate by the bottom surface of ingot mould lower flange; Sealing clamp is ring structure, its vertical section is the square that end face and facade are formed, the end face of sealing clamp crimps with the back side of ingot mould lower flange, the facade of sealing clamp and booster jar top cover are conflicted, it is bolted between the end face of sealing clamp and booster jar top cover, make ingot mould be fixed on lower base plate, between ingot mould lower flange and lower base plate, realize sealing by sealing clamp;
Riser pipe comprises: refractory masses, insulation material layer I, steel pipe, insulation material layer II, water brick, riser pipe flange, concrete structure is as follows: riser pipe is composite structure, riser pipe top is riser pipe flange, tubular portion below riser pipe flange is layered structure, being followed successively by refractory masses, insulation material layer I, steel pipe, insulation material layer II from outside to inside, water brick, riser pipe flange and steel pipe are structure as a whole.
2. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after smelting, molten metal slightly refines through intermediate frequency furnace or electric arc furnace, then carries out external refining and vacuum-treat, forms finishing metal liquid.
3. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that, after smelting, the temperature of molten metal remains on 1600 DEG C.
4. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that, the total oxygen content T.O < 20 �� 10 of molten metal in ladle-6, [S] < 50 �� 10-6, [P] < 100 �� 10-6, [H] < 2.0 �� 10-6��
5. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, in ladle, molten metal is higher than liquidus temperature 20��50 DEG C before being filled with metallic mould, carries out low overheat cast.
6. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that, molten metal fills type to be less than the speed of 0.5m/s under gaseous tension effect, and adjust filling velocity by computer control system, filling velocity and pressure are controlled in real time as required, dynamic adjustments on computers; Being filled with in metallic mould process and slowly boost, the rate of rise controls at 0.01��0.2atm/min; After molten metal is full of metallic mould, under 3��10 normal atmosphere effects, pressurize is solidified, until solidifying end.
7. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, booster jar is manufacture of steel structure, adopts the pressurized vessel structure bearing more than 10 normal atmosphere.
8. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, riser pipe is composite structure, take steel pipe as skeleton, inner lining refractory block, outer lining refractories, under metal hydraulic power effect, maintenance more than 2 hours is not defeated and dispersed.
9. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, metallic mould equipment and riser pipe are assembled on moveable hydraulic efficiency plant, hydraulic efficiency plant moves to above booster jar, then riser pipe inserts in the molten metal in ladle along booster jar top cover, seals riser pipe and booster jar top cover afterwards; 2��20h after the full metallic mould of molten metal, end unloading pressure to be solidified, removes hydraulic efficiency plant, opens booster jar.
10. according to the pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method is applicable to thickness and is greater than the round base of more than 350mm, square billet or slab, also it is applicable to the aluminium alloy of comparable size, magnesium alloy or superalloy strand, also it is applicable to the coloured of various sizes specification or the manufacture of ferrous metal intricate casting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410505052.4A CN104249142B (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2014-09-28 | The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410505052.4A CN104249142B (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2014-09-28 | The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104249142A CN104249142A (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| CN104249142B true CN104249142B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
Family
ID=52184594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410505052.4A Active CN104249142B (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2014-09-28 | The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104249142B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106141111A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 天工爱和特钢有限公司 | A kind of mould for producing anistree ingot |
| CN105087954B (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-01-19 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of steel alloy electroslag furnace directly uses non-cap mouth electrode billet manufacture method |
| CN113199006A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-03 | 江苏迅隆铝业有限公司 | Composite lift pipe for sand mold low pressure |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3279003A (en) * | 1965-04-19 | 1966-10-18 | Amsted Ind Inc | Composite pouring tube |
| JPS55149769A (en) * | 1979-05-09 | 1980-11-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Slab pressure casting method |
| JPS569044A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1981-01-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Production of cast ingot of composite metal |
| CN101439396B (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-07-28 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Counter-pressure casting process for casting parts of door cover |
| CN101569927B (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2011-12-28 | 芜湖新联造船有限公司 | System for casting and pouring propeller of ship |
| CN102808062B (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-03-05 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for controlling A segregation of steel ingots by purification of molten steel |
| CN103722152A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-16 | 上海理工大学 | Method for improving low-pressure casting efficiency through mould transferring |
-
2014
- 2014-09-28 CN CN201410505052.4A patent/CN104249142B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104249142A (en) | 2014-12-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108531803B (en) | A kind of casting method of spheroidal graphite cast-iron valve body | |
| CN101428335B (en) | Continuous casting method for producing round blank with diameter larger than Phi800m on straight continuous casting machine | |
| CN103691912B (en) | Gold base alloy casting blank melting and casting integrated device and utilization method thereof | |
| CN102380588B (en) | Intermediate-frequency induction and directional solidification ingot casting process and equipment utilizing same | |
| CN102886501B (en) | Tooling for efficiently manufacturing wide thick plate blank for wide thick plate rolling machine and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN101279362B (en) | Method for manufacturing low-segregation large-sized steel ingot by quickening cooling of bottom and lateral wall | |
| CN105312513A (en) | Method for mould core integrated composite casting of large-scale alloy steel ingots | |
| CN104475693A (en) | Reduction casting compositing method and device for large iron ingots | |
| CN104785757A (en) | Multi-core reducing multi-ladle co-casting method and device for casting large composite steel ingots | |
| CN104174819B (en) | The climb casting technique of machine third-level planetary frame of a kind of ocean platform | |
| CN104249142B (en) | The pressure casting processes of the sublimate homogeneous densification big strand of grain refining iron and steel | |
| CN105537549A (en) | Production method of continuous casting round billet of seamless steel tube steel at low temperature of minus 100 DEG C | |
| CN102161080B (en) | Manufacturing tool of high-compact wide and thick plate blank for wide and thick plate rolling mill and method | |
| CN107150109B (en) | Method and device for bidirectionally cooling and dynamically pouring composite ingot | |
| CN103350216A (en) | Cast ingot homogenizing control method | |
| CN202762983U (en) | Efficient production tool of wide and thick slabs for wide and thick plate rolling mill | |
| CN203184610U (en) | Steel ingot mold for large-scale and extremely thick slab | |
| CN201304475Y (en) | Continuous casting device for producing round billet with diameter being more than or equal to Phi 800 mm on straight-form conticaster | |
| CN103128268B (en) | For the method for low temperature shake out in large extra thick plate blank | |
| CN212371158U (en) | Casting device of wrought magnesium alloy ingot blank | |
| CN102554191B (en) | Aluminum-magnesium alloy composite casting device | |
| CN112692272B (en) | Two-dimensional casting forming device and method for metal cast ingot | |
| CN211848096U (en) | High-purity purification and high-homogenization casting system for magnesium alloy and magnesium-lithium alloy ingot blank | |
| CN104439147A (en) | Method for treating casting contraction cavities | |
| CN104195282A (en) | Zero-turriform-hairline control method of 35MnBM for engineering machinery |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |