CN112645718A - 一种通体型人造彩砂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种通体型人造彩砂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112645718A
CN112645718A CN202110140545.2A CN202110140545A CN112645718A CN 112645718 A CN112645718 A CN 112645718A CN 202110140545 A CN202110140545 A CN 202110140545A CN 112645718 A CN112645718 A CN 112645718A
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colored sand
coal gangue
porcelain stone
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刘起翔
雷中明
许文斌
霍征征
高国峰
郭栋
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Henan Zhengzhou Mining Machinery Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60‑75%、锂瓷石10‑20%、辅料5‑10%、色剂5‑10%。同时提供其相应的制备方法。本发明将煤矸石作为制造彩砂的原料，在此基础上，添加锂瓷石、硅灰石、无机色料，将无机金属氧化物固熔到硅酸盐熔体中，通过造粒、煅烧，彩砂内部和外部颜色一致，彩砂耐水、耐酸、耐碱、耐紫外光照、物理稳定性好、耐磨性好，而且可以根据实际需求进行二次加工而不掉色，既达到了固废利用的目的，又产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。

Description

一种通体型人造彩砂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及彩砂技术领域。
背景技术
彩砂在现代建筑装饰领域应用广泛，主要分为天然彩砂和人造彩砂，天然彩砂属于资源性产品，随着矿物资源的开采，天然彩砂已经满足不了市场的要求，因此，人造彩砂的技术得到了发展。传统的人造彩砂主要是使用石灰石、石英砂为基料，利用树脂、有机或无机颜料染色制成。其不足在于，现有的人造彩砂都是原料表面包覆着色料制成的包覆型彩砂，耐磨性差、产品易褪色、使用寿命，环保压力大，矿山开采成本较高。
煤矸石是采煤和洗煤过程中排放的固体废弃物，其主要化学成分为SiO2和Al2O3。中国目前积存煤矸石大概有10亿吨，而且每年还排出煤矸石1亿吨，是当前排放量最大的固体废弃物之一，因此，煤矸石堆放占用了大量土地资源，同时还污染环境。近些年来，人们开发出很多煤矸石的处理和利用方法，但煤矸石的利用力度不够大、技术不够完善、附加值较低。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种通体型人造彩砂，同时提供其相应的制备方法是本发明的另一发明目的。
基于上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60-75%、锂瓷石10-20%、辅料5-10%、色剂5-10%。
通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60-70%、锂瓷石15-20%、辅料7-10%、色剂7-10%。
所述辅料为硅灰石。
所述色剂由30-40%无机色料和60-70%水混合制成。
所述无机色料为锑锡灰、钻蓝、铁红色、珊瑚红、镉黄色、锆铁红或铬绿色。
制备通体型人造彩砂的方法，包括以下步骤：
1）原料处理：将煤矸石破碎、煅烧、粉磨，备用；将锂瓷石和辅料破碎、粉磨，备用；
2）将步骤1）处理过的煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂混合、制粒，于200-250℃下，烘干40-50min，筛分后得生胚；
3）于1000-1050℃下，将生胚煅烧30-50min，冷却，得彩砂产品。
步骤2）制粒：煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂先进入高效制粒机造粒，再进入锅式造粒机圆整抛光。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1）本发明将煤矸石作为制造彩砂的原料，在此基础上，添加锂瓷石、硅灰石、无机色料，将无机金属氧化物固熔到硅酸盐熔体中，通过造粒、煅烧，彩砂内部和外部颜色一致，彩砂耐水、耐酸、耐碱、耐紫外光照、物理稳定性好、耐磨性好，而且可以根据实际需求进行二次加工而不掉色，既达到了固废利用的目的，又产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益；
2）锂瓷石质地纯，显白色，含有丰富的Li2O、K2O、Na2O等碱金属化合物，并含有适量的P2O5和F，在本申请中，锂瓷石发挥出了较好的的助熔和乳浊能力，烧成后彩砂色度浑厚均一、耐磨性良好、物理性能优越，同时还降低了烧成温度，减少原料成分波动对煅烧的影响，改善干燥性能，减少干燥收缩和变形；加入硅灰石，提高彩砂的机械强度、降低烧成温度，缩短烧成周期，降低了能耗，而且，加入锂瓷石和硅灰石，由于熔融效果比较好，因此，彩砂成球效果好。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1-7制得的彩砂制品图；
图2为实施例1制得的彩砂制品圆球度图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面对本发明的技术方案进行详细描述，但下述实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式，都属于本发明所保护的范围。
实施例1
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60%、锂瓷石20%、硅灰石10%、色剂10%。
所述色剂由30%无机色料和70%水混合制成，无机色料为锑锡灰。
制备通体型人造彩砂的方法，包括以下步骤：
1）原料处理：将煤矸石破碎、煅烧、粉磨至400目，备用；将锂瓷石和辅料破碎、粉磨至400目，备用；
2）将步骤1）处理过的煤矸石、锂瓷石、硅灰石和色剂混合，煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂先进入高效制粒机造粒，再进入锅式造粒机圆整抛光，于200℃下，烘干50min，筛分后得生胚；
3）于1050℃下，将生胚煅烧30min，冷却，得彩砂产品，筛分，按不同粒度包装入库，一般产品粒度为： 20-40目、40-80目、80-120目等。少量的烧结大块，可进行破碎后再筛分。
实施例2
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石65%、锂瓷石18%、硅灰石8%、色剂9%。
所述色剂由35%无机色料和65%水混合制成，无机色料为钻蓝。
制备通体型人造彩砂的方法，包括以下步骤：
1）原料处理：将煤矸石破碎、煅烧、粉磨至400目，备用；将锂瓷石和辅料破碎、粉磨至400目，备用；
2）将步骤1）处理过的煤矸石、锂瓷石、硅灰石和色剂混合，煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂先进入高效制粒机造粒，再进入锅式造粒机圆整抛光，于250℃下，烘干40min，筛分后得生胚；
3）于1000℃下，将生胚煅烧50min，冷却，得彩砂产品，筛分，按不同粒度包装入库，一般产品粒度为： 20-40目、40-80目、80-120目等。少量的烧结大块，可进行破碎后再筛分。
实施例3
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石70%、锂瓷石15%、硅灰石7%、色剂8%。
所述色剂由40%无机色料和60%水混合制成，无机色料为铁红色。
制备方法参照实施例1。
实施例4
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石75%、锂瓷石15%、硅灰石5%、色剂5%。
所述色剂由33%无机色料和67%水混合制成，无机色料为珊瑚红。
制备方法参照实施例1。
实施例5
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石70%、锂瓷石12%、硅灰石10%、色剂8%。
所述色剂由37%无机色料和63%水混合制成，无机色料为镉黄色。
制备方法参照实施例2。
实施例6
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石68%、锂瓷石14%、硅灰石8%、色剂10%。
所述色剂由38%无机色料和62%水混合制成，无机色料为锆铁红。
制备方法参照实施例2。
实施例7
一种通体型人造彩砂，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石65%、锂瓷石18%、硅灰石9%、色剂8%。
所述色剂由34%无机色料和66%水混合制成，无机色料为铬绿色。
制备方法参照实施例1。
实施例8 性能试验
实施例1-7制得的彩砂制品效果如图1所示，圆球度如图2所示，分别对相应的彩砂制品的耐水性、耐酸性、耐碱性等性能进行测试，测试结果如表1所示。
Figure 142224DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
由表1得知，本发明将无机金属氧化物固熔到硅酸盐熔体中，使得彩砂内部外部颜色一致，为通体型彩砂，耐水、耐酸、耐碱、耐紫外光照、物理稳定性好、耐磨性好，而且可以根据实际需求进行二次加工而不掉色。
由图2可知，本申请的原料中加入锂瓷石和硅灰石，由于两者熔融效果比较好，因此，彩砂成球效果好，圆球度良好。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

1.一种通体型人造彩砂，其特征在于，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60-75%、锂瓷石10-20%、辅料5-10%、色剂5-10%。
2.如权利要求1所述的通体型人造彩砂，其特征在于，由以下重量百分比的组分制成：煤矸石60-70%、锂瓷石15-20%、辅料7-10%、色剂7-10%。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的通体型人造彩砂，其特征在于，所述辅料为硅灰石。
4.如权利要求3所述的通体型人造彩砂，其特征在于，所述色剂由30-40%无机色料和60-70%水混合制成。
5.如权利要求4所述的通体型人造彩砂，其特征在于，所述无机色料为锑锡灰、钻蓝、铁红色、珊瑚红、镉黄色、锆铁红或铬绿色。
6.制备如权利要求1所述的通体型人造彩砂的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）原料处理：将煤矸石破碎、煅烧、粉磨，备用；将锂瓷石和辅料破碎、粉磨，备用；
2）将步骤1）处理过的煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂混合、制粒，于200-250℃下，烘干40-50min，筛分后得生胚；
3）于1000-1050℃下，将生胚煅烧30-50min，冷却，得彩砂产品。
7.如权利要求6所述的制备通体型人造彩砂的方法，其特征在于，步骤2）制粒：煤矸石、锂瓷石、辅料和色剂先进入高效制粒机造粒，再进入锅式造粒机圆整抛光。
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