CN112619555B

CN112619555B - Straw prilling granulator

Info

Publication number: CN112619555B
Application number: CN202011457492.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙文成; 赵鹏举; 谢光辉; 刘小瑞; 李书阁; 杨仁强
Original assignee: Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering
Current assignee: Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-10
Also published as: CN112619555A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and discloses a straw granulating device which comprises a rack, wherein a power source, a granulating structure and a crushing structure are arranged on the rack, the granulating structure comprises a housing, a die and a connecting plate, the crushing structure comprises a crushing chamber and a crushing part, and a feed inlet is formed in the upper end of the crushing chamber; the crushing chamber is a crushing cavity; the crushing part is positioned in the crushing cavity and is driven by a power source to rotate; the cross section of the housing is circular and is fixedly connected with the frame, a granulation cavity is arranged in the housing, the die is annular, and a plurality of die granulation holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the die; the die is positioned in the granulation cavity and fixedly connected with the housing; the crushing cavity is communicated with the granulation cavity; the connecting plate is positioned in the die and driven by a power source to rotate, a plurality of compression rollers are rotatably connected to the connecting plate, a discharging pipe is further arranged on the machine frame, and the discharging pipe is communicated with the granulation cavity; the discharge pipe is arranged in an inclined manner. By adopting the device, the operation steps of straw granulation can be reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Straw prilling granulator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a straw granulating device.

Background

Straw is the assembly of the stem, leaf (ear) portion of a mature crop, usually referring to the remainder of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other crops after harvesting the seed. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, so the straw is a multipurpose renewable biological resource.

Because rural waste straws are generally smashed and returned to the field or harvested and stacked, the rural waste straws have large occupied area and are difficult to store when being stacked, potential safety hazards are easily caused when weather is dry, and straws returned to the field to be processed often influence the seeding of next batch of crops in certain areas, so that some places are treated by adopting an incineration mode, but the straws cause huge pollution to air when incinerated, and are forbidden at present.

In order to reuse the straw, a granulator is generally used to granulate the straw. The straw granulator utilizes straw powder to granulate, and the granulation is carried out after the straw is smashed through the rubbing crusher to present granulator earlier, complex operation, inefficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a straw granulating device, which can ensure that the biomass straw after granulation is uniform in size and the influence of the biomass straw is ensured.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a straw granulating device comprises a rack, wherein a power source, a granulating structure and a crushing structure are arranged on the rack, the granulating structure comprises a housing, a die and a connecting plate, the crushing structure comprises a crushing chamber and a crushing part, and a feed inlet is formed in the upper end of the crushing chamber; the crushing chamber is a crushing cavity; the crushing part is positioned in the crushing cavity and is driven by a power source to rotate; the cross section of the housing is circular and is fixedly connected with the frame, a granulation cavity is arranged in the housing, the die is annular, and a plurality of die granulation holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the die; the die is positioned in the granulation cavity and fixedly connected with the housing; the crushing cavity is communicated with the granulation cavity; the connecting plate is located the mould and rotates by the power supply drive, rotates on the connecting plate and is connected with a plurality of compression rollers, still is equipped with the discharging pipe in the frame, and discharging pipe and granulation chamber intercommunication and slope set up downwards.

The principle and the beneficial effect of this scheme of adoption lie in: when the straw granulating device of the scheme is adopted, the power source is started, and the power source drives the crushing part and the connecting plate to rotate. The biological straws are placed into the crushing cavity through the feeding hole, the straws in the crushing cavity are crushed under the action of the crushing part, and the crushed straws enter the granulating cavity from the crushing cavity and are positioned in the die. The power supply also drives the connecting plate to rotate when rotating, the connecting plate drives the plurality of compression rollers to rotate around the center of the connecting plate, the compression rollers extrude the straws in the die through the granulating holes when rotating to form granular straws, and finally the granular straws are discharged from the discharge pipe to complete the granulating process.

Furthermore, the number of the compression rollers is three, and the three compression rollers are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting plate.

Further, the device also comprises a ring die main shaft and a speed reducer, wherein the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the rack; an output shaft of the power source is connected with one end of the speed reducer, the other end of the speed reducer is connected with the ring die main shaft, and the connecting plate is connected with the ring die main shaft.

Further, the crushing section includes a crushing plate.

Furthermore, the lower end of the crushing chamber is obliquely arranged.

Further, the crushing plate is V-shaped.

Further, crushing portion includes cutting disc and a plurality of cutting knife, a plurality of cutting knife and cutting disc sliding fit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a straw granulator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a straw granulator without a crushing chamber according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a straw granulating apparatus of the present invention without a housing;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a straw pelletizing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a crushing section in a second embodiment of the straw granulator of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a crushing section in a second embodiment of the straw granulator of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a motor 1, a speed reducer 2, a crushing chamber 3, a feeding hole 4, a discharging pipe 5, a housing 6, a crushing plate 7, a pressing plate 8, a mold 9, a pressing roller 10, a fastening nut 11, a ring mold main shaft 12, a connecting plate 13, a granulation hole 14, a cutting disc 15, a cutting knife 16, a protrusion 17, a sliding groove 18, an accommodating cavity 19, a limiting plate 20, a steel ball 21 and a pressure spring 22.

Example one

This embodiment is substantially as shown in figures 1, 2 and 4 of the accompanying drawings: a straw granulating device comprises a frame (not shown in the figure), wherein a power source, a granulating structure and a crushing structure are arranged on the frame, and the frame is connected with the granulating structure through bolts. The embodiment also comprises a ring mould main shaft 12 and a speed reducer 2, and the power source in the embodiment is a motor 1. The speed reducer 2 is fixedly connected with the frame through bolts; the motor 1 is fixed at the upper end of the frame through a bolt, an output shaft of the motor 1 is connected with one end of the speed reducer 2 in a key mode, and the other end of the speed reducer 2 is coaxially connected with the ring die main shaft 12. Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the granulation structure includes a housing 6, a mold 9 and a connecting plate 13, the pulverization structure includes a pulverization portion and a pulverization chamber 3, the pulverization chamber 3 is connected with the housing 6 by bolts, and the pulverization portion in this embodiment is a pulverization plate 7. The upper end of the crushing chamber 3 is provided with a feed inlet 4; a crushing cavity is arranged in the crushing chamber 3; the crushing plate 7 is V-shaped and is positioned in the crushing cavity; the cross section of the housing 6 is round and is fixedly connected with the frame through bolts, and a granulation cavity is arranged in the housing 6. Referring to fig. 6, the mold 9 is annular, and the mold 9 is provided with a plurality of granulation holes 14 in the circumferential direction; the die 9 is positioned in the granulation cavity and fixedly connected with the housing 6; the crushing cavity is communicated with the granulation cavity, and the lower end of the crushing chamber 3 is obliquely and downwards arranged. The connecting plate 13 is positioned in the die 9, the connecting plate 13 is coaxially connected with the ring die main shaft 12, and the ring die main shaft 12 penetrates through the connecting plate 13. The crushing plate 7 is connected with a ring die main shaft 12 through a fastening nut 11. The terminal surface of connecting plate 13 is connected with a plurality of compression rollers 10 through the round pin axle rotation, and the quantity of compression roller 10 is three in this embodiment, and three compression roller 10 evenly sets up along the circumference of connecting plate 13. Still be equipped with discharging pipe 5 in the frame, discharging pipe 5 and granulation chamber intercommunication and discharging pipe 5 are the slope and set up downwards. The ring die is characterized by further comprising a pressing plate 8, wherein the ring die main shaft 12 penetrates through the pressing plate 8 and is connected with the pressing plate 8, and the pressing plate 8 is rotatably connected with the pressing roller 10.

The specific implementation process is as follows: when the straw granulating device is adopted, the motor 1 is started, the motor 1 rotates and drives the speed reducer 2 to rotate, the speed reducer 2 drives the ring die main shaft 12 to rotate, and the crushing plate 7 connected with the ring die main shaft 12 and the crushing plate 7 rotate together. Biological straws are put into the crushing cavity through the feeding hole 4, and the straws in the crushing cavity are crushed into powder under the action of the crushing plate 7. Because the crushing cavity is arranged obliquely downwards, the crushed straws slide along the crushing cavity and enter the granulating cavity from the crushing cavity, then enter the die 9 and are positioned between the die 9 and the press roll 10. The speed reducer 2 also drives the connecting plate 13 to rotate when rotating, the connecting plate 13 drives the three compression rollers 10 to rotate around the center of the connecting plate 13, the compression rollers 10 extrude powdery straws in the die 9 through the granulating holes 14 when rotating to form granular straws, and finally the granular straws are discharged from the discharge pipe 5 to complete the granulating process.

Example two

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the crushing portion in this embodiment includes a cutting disk 15 and a plurality of cutting knives 16, the number of the cutting knives 16 in this embodiment is five, and the five cutting knives 16 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutting disk 15. The cutting disc 15 is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 8. A plurality of chutes 18 are provided in the circumferential direction of the cutting disk 15. The cutting knives 16 are arc-shaped, and one end of each of the five cutting knives 16 is positioned in the sliding groove 18 and can slide along the sliding groove 18. The middle part of the cutting disc 15 is also provided with an accommodating cavity 19, and the accommodating cavity 19 is respectively communicated with the sliding grooves 18. The end of the cutting knife 16 in the chute 18 is welded with a limit plate 20. The embodiment also comprises compression springs 22, and the number of the compression springs 22 is the same as that of the sliding grooves 18. Each compression spring 22 is located in one of the slide grooves 18 and each compression spring 22 corresponds to one of the cutting knives 16. I.e. each cutting blade 16 passes through a compression spring 22. The end part of the sliding groove 18 is provided with a limiting bulge 17, and two ends of the pressure spring 22 are respectively connected with the limiting bulge 17 and the limiting plate 20. In the accommodation chamber 19, there are a plurality of gravity balls, which in this embodiment are steel balls 21.

The cutters 16 of the prior art are generally symmetrically arranged, and the straw is generally stacked below in the process of crushing the straw. This results in a less uniform or less thorough comminution of the lower portion of the straw during the comminution process.

In this embodiment, during the crushing, the cutting disc 15 rotates and drives the cutting knife 16 to rotate. During the rotation of the cutting knife 16, the steel ball 21 in the accommodating cavity 19 is always under the lower part of the accommodating cavity 19 and enters the lowest sliding groove 18 under the action of gravity. When the steel ball 21 enters the chute 18 and presses the limit plate 20, the limit plate 20 can overcome the elasticity of the pressure spring 22 under the action of the steel ball 21, so that the cutting knife 16 at the lowest part slides out of the chute 18, namely, the part of the cutting knife 16 at the lowest part slides out of the chute 18 is the largest, the crushing area is the largest, and the cutting knives 16 at other parts crush other parts of straws in the crushing cavity. The stop plate 20 and the protrusion 17 are arranged to prevent the cutting blade 16 from sliding out of the slide groove 18.

That is, the crushing part in this embodiment can ensure that the part of the cutting knife 16 located at the lowest part extending out of the chute 18 is the most no matter how the cutting disc 15 rotates in the process of crushing the straws, and ensure that the crushing area of the lower part of the cutting knife is the most, so that the lower part of the straws can be crushed uniformly and fully.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A straw prilling granulator which is characterized in that: the granulator comprises a rack, wherein a power source, a granulation structure and a crushing structure are arranged on the rack, the granulation structure comprises a housing, a die and a connecting plate, the crushing structure comprises a crushing chamber and a crushing part, and a feed inlet is formed in the upper end of the crushing chamber; the crushing chamber is a crushing cavity; the crushing part is positioned in the crushing cavity and is driven by a power source to rotate; the cross section of the housing is circular and is fixedly connected with the frame, a granulation cavity is arranged in the housing, the die is annular, and a plurality of die granulation holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the die; the die is positioned in the granulation cavity and fixedly connected with the housing; the crushing cavity is communicated with the granulation cavity; the connecting plate is positioned in the die and driven to rotate by a power source, a plurality of compression rollers are connected to the connecting plate in a rotating manner, a discharging pipe is further arranged on the rack, and the discharging pipe is communicated with the granulation cavity and is obliquely arranged downwards;

the circular mold main shaft and the speed reducer are also included, and the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the rack; an output shaft of the power source is connected with one end of a speed reducer, the other end of the speed reducer is connected with a ring die main shaft, and a connecting plate is connected with the ring die main shaft;

the ring die main shaft penetrates through the pressing plate and is connected with the pressing plate, and the pressing plate is rotatably connected with the pressing roller; the crushing part comprises a cutting disc and a plurality of cutting knives, and the cutting knives are in sliding fit with the cutting disc; the cutting disc is fixedly connected with the pressing plate, and a plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the cutting disc; the cutting knives are arc-shaped, and one ends of the five cutting knives are respectively positioned in the sliding groove and can slide along the sliding groove; the middle part of the cutting disc is also provided with an accommodating cavity which is respectively communicated with the plurality of sliding chutes; a limiting plate is welded at the end part of the cutting knife positioned in the sliding chute;

the number of the compressed springs is the same as that of the sliding grooves, each compressed spring is positioned in one sliding groove, and each compressed spring corresponds to one cutting knife; namely, each cutting knife respectively penetrates through the pressure spring; the end part of the sliding chute is provided with a limiting bulge, and two ends of the pressure spring are respectively connected with the limiting bulge and the limiting plate; a plurality of gravity balls are arranged in the accommodating cavity.

2. The straw granulating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quantity of compression roller is three, and three compression roller evenly sets up along the circumference of connecting plate.

3. The straw granulating device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the crushing chamber is obliquely arranged.