CN112617054A - Tilapia embrittlement feed and embrittlement method thereof - Google Patents
Tilapia embrittlement feed and embrittlement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112617054A CN112617054A CN202011469528.5A CN202011469528A CN112617054A CN 112617054 A CN112617054 A CN 112617054A CN 202011469528 A CN202011469528 A CN 202011469528A CN 112617054 A CN112617054 A CN 112617054A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 40-68 parts of broad bean powder, 20-35 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of soft-shelled turtle material and 1-7 parts of tetrapotaxis flour, can effectively improve the meat quality of tilapia, can obviously improve the collagen content of tilapia muscle, increases the hardness of tilapia muscle, and ensures that tilapia muscle has compact and elastic meat quality, crisp mouthfeel, unique flavor and increased chewiness. Meanwhile, the tilapia embrittlement feed has high palatability and biological utilization rate, has balanced nutrition, can adapt to a weak digestion system of tilapia, has high digestibility, obviously improves the growth speed in the tilapia meat quality improvement and breeding process, and has low mortality, short breeding period and high embrittlement rate in the tilapia embrittlement and breeding process. The tilapia embrittlement feed can reduce the pollution to water quality, improve the growth performance of tilapia, and has obvious ecological benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic feeds, in particular to a tilapia embrittlement feed and an embrittlement method thereof.
Background
Tilapia (Tilapia) belongs to Perciformes, Pimentaceae and Tilapia, and is widely cultivated in southern areas of China due to the advantages of food impurities, fast growth, low oxygen resistance, easy cultivation and the like. With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the demand for the quality of tilapia becomes higher and higher, and the improvement of the quality of tilapia becomes a problem in front of people. At present, a lot of aquaculture enterprises achieve good effects by improving the quality of clear water weight reduction or salt fresh water salinization of tilapia mossambica, and develop tilapia mossambica with crisp meat according to a 'crisp meat' aquaculture method, so that the tilapia mossambica with crisp meat has high market acceptance.
At present, embrittlement of tilapia is carried out by directly feeding embrittled feed in the market, but the phenomena of extremely low feed utilization rate and poor palatability exist, so that the tilapia is unevenly embrittled, long in embrittling time and low in embrittling rate, and meanwhile, the tilapia has the problems of high mortality rate and high loss in the embrittling culture process, so that the production cost is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the situation, the tilapia embrittlement feed and the embrittlement method thereof are needed to be provided.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a tilapia embrittlement feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the weight portion of the broad bean powder is 55-68 parts.
In one embodiment, the weight portion of the broad bean powder is 60 to 65 portions.
In one embodiment, the Sihuang powder is a mixture of rhubarb, coptis, scutellaria and phellodendron bark.
In one embodiment, the rhubarb, the coptis chinensis, the scutellaria baicalensis and the phellodendron amurense are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
In one embodiment, the weight parts of the bran are 25-33 parts.
In one embodiment, the soft-shelled turtle feed comprises: soybean meal, fish meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, betaine, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate, compound vitamins and compound mineral salts.
A tilapia embrittlement method is characterized in that tilapia embrittlement feed in any one of the embodiments is mixed with common tilapia feed to feed tilapia.
In one embodiment, the tilapia embrittlement method comprises the steps of:
within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80-90% by weight of common tilapia feed and 10-20% by weight of tilapia embrittlement feed;
in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50-60% of common tilapia feed and 40-50% of tilapia embrittlement feed;
in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20-40% of common tilapia feed and 60-80% of tilapia embrittlement feed;
and feeding tilapia mossambica by using the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
In one embodiment, the amount of the mixed feed fish feed fed per time is 1% -3.0% of the weight of tilapia.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tilapia embrittlement feed provided by the invention can effectively improve the meat quality of tilapia, can obviously improve the collagen content of tilapia muscle, and increases the hardness of the tilapia muscle, so that the tilapia muscle is compact and elastic in meat quality, crisp in taste, unique in flavor and increased in chewiness. Meanwhile, the tilapia embrittlement feed has high palatability and biological utilization rate, has balanced nutrition, can adapt to a weak digestion system of tilapia, has high digestibility, obviously improves the growth speed in the tilapia meat quality improvement and breeding process, and has low mortality, short breeding period and high embrittlement rate in the tilapia embrittlement and breeding process. The tilapia embrittlement feed can reduce the pollution to water quality, improve the growth performance of tilapia, and has obvious ecological benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a tilapia embrittlement method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In one embodiment, the tilapia embrittlement feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
in the embodiment, the broad bean powder is high in nutritional value, has a protein content of 25-35%, is rich in sugar, minerals, vitamins, calcium and iron, has positive effects on growth, muscle components and serum biochemical indexes of tilapia when being used for feeding tilapia, and can improve the weight gain rate and the embrittlement rate of tilapia, but the broad bean contains anti-nutritional components such as tannin, phytohemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitory factor and beta-glycoside, which affect the palatability and the digestive system of tilapia. The tilapia embrittlement feed has different addition proportions of broad beans, the growth and embrittlement conditions of the tilapia are different after the tilapia is fed, and the tilapia is easy to suffer from diseases such as enteritis and the like when the tilapia has a thin intestinal wall and the broad beans are higher in the feed, so that the death rate of the tilapia is increased, and the loss rate of the tilapia is increased; when the feed is fed with broad beans with low content, the problems of nonuniform embrittlement, long embrittlement time and low embrittlement rate of tilapia cannot be solved, and the requirement of the tilapia embrittlement content cannot be met.
In the embodiment, in the components of the tilapia embrittlement feed, the weight parts of the bran are 20-35 parts, the bran is the outermost epidermis of wheat and contains abundant vitamin E, B family vitamins and proteins, the nutritional value is high, and the tilapia can play a role in strengthening spleen and stomach after eating, so that the digestive system of the tilapia can be enhanced. Meanwhile, the bran also contains rich dietary fibers, and oligosaccharides formed by digesting cellulose and hemicellulose, so that the bran has a good proliferation effect on bifidobacteria in intestinal tracts of tilapia mossambica, is not easily utilized by microorganisms such as other harmful bacteria in the intestinal tracts of tilapia mossambica, is only utilized by some beneficial bacteria of bifidobacteria, and can maintain the normal physiological function of intestinal flora of tilapia mossambica. The oligosaccharide has surface activity, can adsorb toxic substances and pathogenic bacteria in intestinal tracts of tilapia mossambica, can improve the disease resistance of tilapia mossambica bodies, activates an immune system, and plays a role in cleaning intestines and stomach of tilapia mossambica, so that the oligosaccharide is matched with the broad bean powder to reduce the influence of the broad bean powder on the digestive system of tilapia mossambica, and in a better content of the bran, the bran accounts for 25-33 parts by weight.
In this embodiment, in each component of the tilapia embrittlement feed, the weight part of the first fish material is 5-10 parts, the weight part of the tetrapotaxy sodium is 1-7 parts, the first fish material contains rich nutrient substances and is balanced in full price, so that the nutritional requirements of normal growth and development of tilapia can be met, and by matching with the fabacoside in the broad bean powder, the growth of tilapia can be promoted, and the weight gain rate and the survival rate of the grass carp can be improved. The four-yellow powder has a strong antibacterial effect on pathogenic bacteria such as dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus and the like, can better protect the intestinal health of tilapia, and avoids further damage caused by invasion of pathogenic bacteria into the intestinal tract of tilapia after the digestive system of tilapia is affected by eating the silkworm powder.
The tilapia embrittlement feed provided by the invention can effectively improve the meat quality of tilapia, can obviously improve the collagen content of tilapia muscle, and increases the hardness of the tilapia muscle, so that the tilapia muscle is compact and elastic in meat quality, crisp in taste, unique in flavor and increased in chewiness. Meanwhile, the tilapia embrittlement feed has high palatability and biological utilization rate, has balanced nutrition, can adapt to a weak digestion system of tilapia, has high digestibility, obviously improves the growth speed in the tilapia meat quality improvement and breeding process, and has low mortality, short breeding period and high embrittlement rate in the tilapia embrittlement and breeding process. The tilapia embrittlement feed can reduce the pollution to water quality, improve the growth performance of tilapia, and has obvious ecological benefit and economic benefit.
In order to enable the content of the broad bean powder to be suitable for a weaker digestive system of tilapia, the broad bean powder can also play a better embrittlement effect. In one embodiment, the weight part of the broad bean powder is 55-68 parts, specifically, when the weight part of the broad bean powder is less than 55 parts, the loss rate of tilapia is reduced, but the embrittlement rate is reduced, and the embrittlement effect of tilapia is poor, and when the weight part of the broad bean powder is more than 68 parts, the tilapia has higher embrittlement rate, but the loss rate is higher. When the weight parts of the broad bean powder are 55-68 parts, the content of the broad bean powder not only can be better suitable for a weaker digestive system of tilapia, but also can play a better embrittlement effect, the loss rate is low, and the integral embrittlement uniformity is high. In a preferable content of the broad bean powder, the weight part of the broad bean powder is 60-65 parts, in another preferable content of the broad bean powder, the weight part of the broad bean powder is 48-49 parts, and the tilapia embrittlement feed containing the broad bean powder is fed, so that the integral embrittlement uniformity of the tilapia is more than 98%, and the mortality rate of the tilapia is less than 8%.
In one embodiment, the Sihuang powder is a mixture of rhubarb, coptis, scutellaria and phellodendron bark. Specifically, the rhubarb, the coptis chinensis, the scutellaria baicalensis and the golden cypress are mixed according to the ratio of 1:1:1:1 to prepare the four-yellow powder, the rhubarb has the effects of purging and eliminating accumulation, clearing heat and purging fire, cooling blood and removing toxicity and removing stasis and dredging channels, the coptis chinensis has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity, the scutellaria baicalensis has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity and stopping bleeding, and the golden cypress has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity and removing bone-steaming, so that the four-yellow powder can inhibit various pathogenic bacteria such as dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, mycobacterium tuberculosis, staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus and the like, also has the effects of resisting acute inflammation and ulcer, can protect the intestinal tract of tilapia and reduce the loss rate of tilapia.
In order to meet the nutritional requirements during the growth and development of tilapia, in one embodiment, the soft-shelled turtle feed comprises: soybean meal, fish meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, betaine, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate, compound vitamins and compound mineral salts. Specifically, the raw materials of the tilapia embrittlement feed are reasonably matched by the components in the soft-shelled turtle feed, the balance of essential amino acids and the balance of protein energy are effectively achieved, the feed protein has high utilization rate, and the digestion and absorption of fish bodies are good while the meat quality of the tilapia is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the anti-nutritional effect of various anti-nutritional factors in the broad bean powder can be degraded, the toxic effect of the broad bean powder can be overcome, the key nutritional factors for improving the meat quality of tilapia mossambica and better digestible energy can be realized, the nutritional value of the feed can be improved to the maximum extent, and the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus of tilapia mossambica and the pollution to the environment can be obviously reduced.
In order to better protect the digestive system of tilapia, the tilapia embrittlement feed further comprises: 0.5-1.2 parts by weight of clostridium butyricum. Particularly, the clostridium butyricum has strong tolerance to various feed antibiotics and can be used in a compatible mode, and the clostridium butyricum has the advantages of repairing intestinal injury, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and maintaining the flora of beneficial bacteria in the digestive tract of aquatic animals. The clostridium butyricum can promote the proliferation and the development of beneficial flora in animal intestinal tracts, inhibit the growth and the reproduction of harmful bacteria and putrefying bacteria in the intestinal tracts, correct the disturbance of the intestinal flora, reduce the generation of enterotoxins such as amines, indoles, hydrogen sulfide and the like, and the metabolite butyric acid of the clostridium butyricum is a main nutrient substance for the regeneration and the repair of epithelial histiocytes in the intestinal tracts, can effectively improve the intestinal health of tilapia mossambica, can further relieve the intolerance of the tilapia mossambica to the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed, and reduce the loss rate of the tilapia mossambica.
Furthermore, the clostridium butyricum is matched with 0.3-0.7 part by weight of saccharifying bacteria, can generate amylase, protease, glycosidase, cellulase, B vitamins and vitamin K in intestinal tracts, has the function of an amino acid carrier, can promote the digestion and absorption of tilapia on saccharides, proteins and fat in feed, improves the microenvironment in the intestines of the tilapia, further improves the conversion efficiency of the tilapia embrittlement feed, and promotes the healthy growth of the tilapia.
In order to further promote healthy growth of tilapia, the tilapia embrittlement feed further comprises: 0.05-0.66 parts by weight of nano selenium, wherein the nano selenium has the effects of resisting diseases, delaying senility and enhancing immunologic function, can participate in oxidative phosphorylation and energy metabolism of tilapia cells, and can eliminate free radicals while carrying out lipid peroxidation reaction, so that the normal structure, metabolism and function of tilapia cardiac muscle are maintained, and tilapia can grow better. Furthermore, after the nano-selenium is added into the tilapia embrittlement feed, the influence of anti-nutritional ingredients such as phytohemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitor, beta-glucoside and the like in broad beans on tilapia can be further reduced, namely the activity of glutathione peroxidase in platelets can be increased, platelet aggregation is inhibited, the integrity of endothelial cell membranes on blood vessel walls is protected, and the influence of the anti-nutritional ingredients such as phytohemagglutinin in broad beans on the growth of tilapia is reduced.
In one embodiment, a tilapia mossambica embrittlement method is provided, and the tilapia mossambica embrittlement method is used for feeding tilapia mossambica by mixing the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed described in any one of the above embodiments with common tilapia mossambica feed. Specifically, before carrying out embrittlement breeding of tilapia, the method further comprises the following steps: tilapia mossambica were picked up in a weight range of 400 to 600 grams. Specifically, tilapia with the weight of 400 g to 600 g is selected, at the moment, the embrittlement cost of tilapia is low, not only tilapia has a well-developed digestive system and has good resistance to the tilapia embrittlement feed and is not easy to die, but also tilapia with the weight is low in cost, and when the tilapia is embrittled and dies, the cost is low. For example, the tilapia mossambica with the weight of less than 400 grams has thinner fish intestine wall, is easy to die when embrittled, has higher death rate, causes too large embrittling loss and has high cost; the tilapia mossambica embrittling agent has good resistance to tilapia mossambica embrittling with the weight of more than 600 grams, but has high cost, the cost is still overhigh when the tilapia embrittling dies, and the tilapia mossambica after the embrittling is heavy due to the long embrittling period, so that the tilapia mossambica is not suitable for the edible requirements of families in the market.
As shown in fig. 1, the tilapia embrittlement method comprises the following steps:
and step 110, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80-90% by weight of common tilapia feed and 10-20% by weight of tilapia embrittlement feed within the first week of embrittlement.
And 120, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50-60 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 40-50 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed in the second week of embrittlement.
And step 130, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20-40% by weight of common tilapia feed and 60-80% by weight of tilapia embrittlement feed within the third week of embrittlement.
And 140, feeding tilapia by using the tilapia embrittlement feed from the fourth embrittlement period.
In this embodiment, each feeding amount of the mixed feeding fish material is 1% -3.0% of the weight of the tilapia, that is, the tilapia is fed with different embrittlement feed amounts corresponding to different growth stages of the tilapia, and the tilapia is gradually adapted to the influence of each component of the embrittlement feed on the tilapia at different growth stages by gradually increasing the proportion of the embrittlement feed of the tilapia to the mixed feeding fish material, so that the tilapia has high integral embrittlement uniformity and low mortality after eating the embrittlement feed of the tilapia. In the embrittlement process, the muscle hardness, viscosity, elasticity, chewiness, cohesiveness and recoverability of the tilapia mossambica are obviously improved, the tilapia mossambica has compact muscles and crisp and tasty mouthfeel.
Example 1
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 40 parts of broad bean powder, 20 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of soft-shelled turtle material and 2 parts of tetrapodus xanthioides powder. In the first week of embrittlement, a mixed feed of 90% of common tilapia feed and 10% of tilapia embrittlement feed is used for feeding tilapia, in the second week of embrittlement, a mixed feed of 60% of common tilapia feed and 40% of tilapia embrittlement feed is used for feeding tilapia, in the third week of embrittlement, a mixed feed of 40% of common tilapia feed and 60% of tilapia embrittlement feed is used for feeding tilapia, and in the fourth week of embrittlement, tilapia is fed only by using the tilapia embrittlement feed.
In this example, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia at the initial stage of embrittlement was 615, the measurement value of stickiness was 6.8, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.57, the measurement value of chewiness was 219.6, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.63, the measurement value of recovery was 0.46, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia after 1 month of embrittlement was 1045.2, the measurement value of stickiness was 8.19, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.66, the measurement value of chewiness was 516.78, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.75, and the measurement value of recovery was 0.68.
Example 2
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 55 parts of broad bean powder, 25 parts of bran, 7 parts of soft-shelled turtle material and 3 parts of tetrapodus fruticosus powder. And within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 85 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 15 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 55 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 45 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 25 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 75 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And feeding the tilapia only by using the tilapia embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
In this example, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia at the initial stage of embrittlement was 619, the measurement value of stickiness was 6.9, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.61, the measurement value of chewiness was 221.6, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.64, the measurement value of recovery was 0.47, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia after 1 month of embrittlement was 1050.2, the measurement value of stickiness was 8.2, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.67, the measurement value of chewiness was 517.18, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.75, and the measurement value of recovery was 0.68.
Example 3
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 60 parts of broad bean powder, 30 parts of bran, 8 parts of soft-shelled turtle material and 5 parts of rhubarb powder. And within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 20 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 50 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 80 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And feeding the tilapia only by using the tilapia embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
In this example, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia at the initial stage of embrittlement was 620, the measurement value of stickiness was 6.9, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.62, the measurement value of chewiness was 222.1, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.64, the measurement value of recovery was 0.47, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia after 1 month of embrittlement was 1052.5, the measurement value of stickiness was 8.39, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.71, the measurement value of chewiness was 517.78, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.75, and the measurement value of recovery was 0.68.
Example 4
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 65 parts by weight of broad bean powder, 33 parts by weight of bran, 10 parts by weight of soft-shelled turtle material and 7 parts by weight of tetrapodus xanthioides powder. And within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 20 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 50 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 80 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And feeding tilapia mossambica by using the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
In this example, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia at the initial stage of embrittlement was 620.5, the measurement value of stickiness was 6.9, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.63, the measurement value of chewiness was 222.5, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.64, the measurement value of restorability was 0.48, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia after 1 month of embrittlement was 1055.5, the measurement value of stickiness was 8.49, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.73, the measurement value of chewiness was 518.78, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.75, and the measurement value of restorability was 0.68.
Example 5
A tilapia embrittlement feed, comprising: 68 parts of broad bean powder, 35 parts of bran, 10 parts of soft-shelled turtle material and 7 parts of tetrapodus xanthioides powder. And within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 20 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 50 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20 weight percent of common tilapia feed and 80 weight percent of tilapia embrittlement feed. And feeding tilapia mossambica by using the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
In this example, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia at the initial stage of embrittlement was 616, the measurement value of stickiness was 6.7, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.58, the measurement value of chewiness was 220.6, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.63, the measurement value of recovery was 0.46, the measurement value of muscle hardness of tilapia after 1 month of embrittlement was 1048.2, the measurement value of stickiness was 8.31, the measurement value of elasticity was 0.67, the measurement value of chewiness was 518.71, the measurement value of cohesiveness was 0.77, and the measurement value of recovery was 0.69.
Example 6
The tilapia embrittlement feed of examples 1-5 and the common tilapia feed are mixed according to different proportions to feed tilapia, and then the tilapia with embrittlement meat for two months is subjected to quality test, wherein the results of each quality test are shown in table 1, and the performance test under the same environmental temperature is as follows:
table 1 quality test results of tilapia embrittled for two months
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Muscle hardness | 3042.1 | 3045.5 | 3046.2 | 3047.8 | 3045.3 |
| Viscosity of | 10.18 | 10.36 | 10.41 | 10.39 | 10.28 |
| Elasticity | 0.69 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.74 | 0.83 |
| Chewiness of the product | 1762.94 | 1762.94 | 1762.94 | 1762.94 | 1762.94 |
| Cohesiveness | 0.7 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 |
| Recovery property | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.84 |
| Uniformity of embrittlement | 98％ | 98％ | 98％ | 98％ | 99％ |
| Mortality rate | 6％ | 6％ | 7％ | 7％ | 8％ |
The data in table 1 show that after tilapia embrittlement feed and common tilapia feed are mixed according to different proportions and fed to tilapia, the tilapia embrittlement feed has the advantages that the muscle hardness, viscosity, elasticity, chewiness, cohesiveness and recoverability of the tilapia after two months of embrittlement are obviously improved, the integral embrittlement uniformity is more than 98%, and the death rate is not higher than 8%. Therefore, through the results and the combination of the production cost and the embrittlement effect, the tilapia embrittlement feed of the examples 2, 3 and 4 has better weight parts of each component.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above embodiments only express a few embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The tilapia embrittlement feed is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2. the tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 1, wherein the parts by weight of the broad bean powder are 55-68 parts.
3. The tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 2, wherein the weight part of the broad bean powder is 60-65 parts.
4. The tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 1, wherein the four yellow powder is a mixture of rhubarb, coptis, scutellaria and phellodendron.
5. The tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 4, wherein the rhubarb, the coptis chinensis, the scutellaria baicalensis and the phellodendron amurense are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
6. The tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight part of bran is 25-33 parts.
7. The tilapia embrittlement feed according to claim 1, wherein the said soft-shelled turtle feed comprises: soybean meal, fish meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, betaine, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate, compound vitamins and compound mineral salts.
8. A tilapia embrittlement method is characterized in that the tilapia embrittlement feed of any one of claims 1 to 7 is mixed with common tilapia feed to feed tilapia.
9. The method for embrittling tilapia mossambica according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
within the first week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 80-90% by weight of common tilapia feed and 10-20% by weight of tilapia embrittlement feed;
in the second week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 50-60% of common tilapia feed and 40-50% of tilapia embrittlement feed;
in the third week of embrittlement, feeding tilapia by using a mixed feeding fish feed of 20-40% of common tilapia feed and 60-80% of tilapia embrittlement feed;
and feeding tilapia mossambica by using the tilapia mossambica embrittlement feed from the fourth week of embrittlement.
10. The method for embrittling tilapia mossambica according to claim 9, characterized in that the amount of feed mixed with feed is 1% -3.0% of the weight of tilapia mossambica.
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| CN113729128A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-03 | 广州市联鲲生物科技有限公司 | Feed additive for promoting meat embrittlement of tilapia mossambica and preparation method thereof |
| CN115399260A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 珠海市明业水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding tilapia with crisp meat |
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| CN115399260A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 珠海市明业水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding tilapia with crisp meat |
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