CN112616586A - Spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting planting method and field management mode - Google Patents

Spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting planting method and field management mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112616586A
CN112616586A CN202011511428.4A CN202011511428A CN112616586A CN 112616586 A CN112616586 A CN 112616586A CN 202011511428 A CN202011511428 A CN 202011511428A CN 112616586 A CN112616586 A CN 112616586A
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corn
wheat
peanut
spinach
planting
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Inventor
孟维伟
张正
郭峰
万书波
徐杰
林松明
南镇武
刘灵艳
王娜
赵雪峰
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CROP Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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CROP Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting planting method and a field management mode. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut intercropping planting method fully considers the growth characteristics of wheat, spinach, peanuts and corns and the needs of nutrient elements in the growth process, fully utilizes land resources, improves the multiple cropping index, improves the total annual output and improves the economic benefit.

Description

Spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting planting method and field management mode
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting planting method and a field management mode.
Background
Intercropping planting is the essence of traditional agriculture in China, has a long history, and makes great contribution in both traditional agriculture and current agriculture. The reasonable intercropping mode can intensively utilize natural resources such as light, heat, fertilizer, water and the like, is one of effective measures for increasing the biological diversity of farmlands, enhances the capability of crops in resisting plant diseases and insect pests and lodging, and improves the productivity of unit land area. With the increase of population and the rigid growth of grain demand, intercropping planting is more and more emphasized and discussed by agricultural experts at home and abroad.
Corn and peanut intercropping is a typical intercropping mode of crops in the family and leguminous crops, and leguminous plants and rhizobia can be symbiotic to fix nitrogen, so that nitrogen and fertility of the leguminous plants can be provided, and an important ecological reaction of improving soil structure, improving soil fertility and maintaining lasting productivity of soil is achieved. Moreover, nitrogen fixed by the leguminous plants can also have beneficial effects on next-stubble plants and also improve the nutritional basis for the growth of the next-stubble crops.
Therefore, the corn and peanut intercropping system is used as a basis, the next winter wheat is intercropped, and spinach is intercropped, so that the method has great economic value for agricultural production.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a year-round intercropping planting method for spinach, wheat, corn and peanuts and a field management mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the annual intercropping planting method of spinach, wheat, corn and peanuts and the field management mode comprise the following steps:
(1) corn and peanut intercropping planting
Deep ploughing and fine harrowing are carried out on the planting field, and full corn and peanut seeds are respectively taken for standby;
when planting, interplanting 2 rows of corns with 3 rows of peanuts, controlling the row spacing of the peanuts to be 25-35 cm, the hole spacing to be 20-25 cm, and dibbling 2-3 peanut seeds in each hole; the row spacing of the corn is 45-55 cm, the hole spacing is 30-35 cm, and 2-3 corn seeds are dibbled in each hole; the row spacing between the corns and the peanuts is 62-66 cm, and the corn holes and the peanut holes are controlled to be staggered with each other;
scattering peanut planting fertilizer in the holes for sowing peanuts, scattering corn planting fertilizer in the holes for sowing corn, and covering peanut seeds and corn seeds in the holes with soil beside the holes;
screening and seedling remaining treatment is carried out when the heights of the peanut seedlings and the corn seedlings are 15-25 cm, seedlings with normal and robust roots are selected and left, two seedlings are left in each corn hole and each peanut hole, and two seedlings with certain gaps between the roots are selected and left in the same hole;
carrying out first weeding and fertilizing 10-20 days after screening and seedling remaining, and carrying out second weeding and fertilizing 55-65 days after the first weeding and fertilizing; harvesting when yellow leaves appear in the peanuts, and harvesting when the corn bracts are dry and white;
(2) winter wheat and spinach intercropping planting
At the beginning of 10 months in the year, after the wheat seeds are aired, carrying out seed dressing treatment by using a seed dressing agent, and sowing the seed-dressed wheat seeds by adopting a sowing mode that 1 row is wide between two adjacent continuous 7 rows and narrow rows; wherein the line spacing of the narrow lines is 10-12cm, and the line spacing of the wide lines is 28-40 cm;
uniformly spraying water on the wide-row planting field at 16-19 points on the third day after the wheat seeds are sowed to moisten the wide-row planting field, and interplanting two rows of spinach on the wide rows after the water is permeated, wherein the row spacing is 9-13cm, and the plant spacing is 2-4 cm; when the average daily temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, mulching film covering is carried out on the spinach;
in the spring of the next year, when the local temperature rises to more than 5 ℃, removing the mulching film on the spinach, lightly pouring green turning water and performing topdressing;
spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat and the spinach in the early third ten days of the next year;
harvesting spinach in late March of the next year, and irrigating wheat in the flowering period; spraying chlormequat chloride on the wheat on the third day after the irrigation in the flowering period;
in the late 5 months of the next year, irrigating the wheat in a grouting period; and harvesting the wheat in a harvest stage.
Specifically, in the step (1), the peanut planting fertilizer is rice straw ash, and the corn planting fertilizer is stable manure.
Specifically, in the step (2), the wheat seeds are planted according to the planting amount of 10-20 kg/mu and the planting depth of 3-6 cm.
Specifically, in the step (2), the seed dressing agent is gold granulose.
Specifically, in the step (2), the amount of chlormequat chloride sprayed is 2-3mL per mu of chlormequat chloride diluted to 50 kg with water.
Specifically, in the step (2), the additional fertilization step is to add nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, wherein phosphorus (P) is applied2O5) The amount is 100-120kg-2Applying potassium (K)2O) amount of 100--2157-1 kg-270 hm of nitrogen application amount-2。
Specifically, the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate, plant ash, urea and boric acid, and the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the plant ash, the urea, the boric acid and water in the mixed solution is 0.1-0.2: 0.02-0.06: 1-2: 0.1-0.3: 100.
specifically, the mulching film is a silver-black double-color reflective film, and the silver surface is upward and the black surface is downward when the mulching film is covered.
Specifically, the mulching film is a polyethylene reflective film.
Specifically, the thickness of the mulching film is 0.02-0.03 mm.
The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut intercropping planting method fully considers the growth characteristics of wheat, spinach, peanuts and corns and the needs of nutrient elements in the growth process, fully utilizes land resources, improves the multiple cropping index, improves the total annual output and improves the economic benefit.
According to the spinach, wheat, corn and peanut intercropping planting method, the spinach is covered by the silver black reflective film, the silver surface of the spinach has a reflective function and is arranged upwards, so that the coloring of the backlight part of the spinach planting can be effectively increased, the ground temperature can be effectively reduced in the daytime, and the effect of increasing the quality is achieved; the black surface is arranged downwards, so that the heat dissipation of the ground can be blocked at night, the heat preservation and the moisture preservation are effective, and the stability of the planting condition of the spinach is ensured; meanwhile, the silvery side of the reflective mulching film reflects solar rays to disturb the flight of adults, so that the number of pest populations can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the germination and growth of weeds can be effectively inhibited, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The planting method for intercropping corn and peanuts with next winter wheat comprises the following steps:
(1) corn and peanut intercropping planting
Deep ploughing and fine harrowing are carried out on the planting land, the corn seeds Zhengdan 958 and the peanut seeds with full grains are taken for flower cultivation 22, and natural drying is carried out to the room temperature for standby;
when planting, interplanting 2 rows of corns with 3 rows of peanuts, controlling the row spacing of the peanuts to be 25 cm, the hole spacing to be 20 cm, and dibbling 2 peanut seeds in each hole; the row spacing of the corn is 45 cm, the hole spacing is 30 cm, and 2 corn seeds are dibbled in each hole; the row spacing between the corns and the peanuts is 62 cm, and the corn holes and the peanut holes are controlled to be staggered with each other;
scattering a standard amount of rice straw ash in the holes for sowing peanuts, scattering a standard amount of cattle manure in the holes for sowing corns, and covering peanut seeds and corn seeds in the holes with soil beside the holes;
screening and seedling remaining treatment is carried out when the heights of the peanut seedlings and the corn seedlings are 15-25 cm, seedlings with normal and robust roots are selected and left, two seedlings are left in each corn hole and each peanut hole, and two seedlings with certain gaps between the roots are selected and left in the same hole;
carrying out primary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 10-20 days after the seedlings are screened and reserved, and carrying out secondary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 55-65 days after the primary weeding and applying fertilizer; harvesting when yellow leaves appear in the peanuts, and harvesting when the corn bracts are dry and white;
(2) planting of winter wheat in next crop
After the wheat seeds Jimai 22 are aired in the beginning of 10 months in the year, carrying out seed dressing treatment by using a standard amount of seed dressing agent, and planting and sowing the seed-dressed wheat seeds in planting holes of the corns and the peanuts according to the planting amount of 10 kilograms/mu and the planting depth of 3-6 cm; during sowing, sowing the wheat seeds after seed dressing in a sowing mode that 1 row of wide rows is arranged between two adjacent continuous 7 rows of narrow rows; wherein the line spacing of the narrow lines is 10cm, and the line spacing of the wide lines is 28 cm;
uniformly spraying water on the wide-row planting field at 16-19 points on the third day after the wheat seeds are sowed to moisten the wide-row planting field, and interplanting two rows of spinach on the wide rows after the water is permeated, wherein the row spacing is 9cm, and the plant spacing is 2 cm; when the average daily temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, mulching film covering is carried out on the spinach; the mulching film is a silver black double-color reflective film (2-filament PE film with the thickness of 0.02mm), is made of PE (polyethylene) material with strong flexibility, is strong in flexibility, is not easy to tear, and can be recycled; when the mulching film is laid, the front surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be silver, and the back surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be black;
in the spring of the next year, when the local temperature rises to more than 5 ℃, the mulching film on the spinach is removed, the green-turning water is lightly poured and topdressing is carried out (the urea is 484.8kg. hm)-2261kg of diammonium phosphate-2204kg of potassium sulfate-2)；
Spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat and the spinach in the early third ten days of the next year; the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate, plant ash, urea and boric acid, wherein the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the plant ash, the urea, the boric acid and water in the mixed solution is 0.1: 0.06: 1: 0.1: 100, respectively;
harvesting spinach in late March of the next year, and irrigating wheat in a flowering period; spraying chlormequat chloride to the wheat on the third day after the irrigation in the flowering period, wherein the spraying amount of the chlormequat chloride is that 2-3mL of chlormequat chloride is taken per mu and diluted to 50 kilograms of water;
in the late 5 months of the next year, performing conventional irrigation on the wheat in a grouting period; and harvesting the wheat in a harvest stage.
Example 2
The planting method for intercropping corn and peanuts with next winter wheat comprises the following steps:
(1) corn and peanut intercropping planting
Deep ploughing and fine harrowing are carried out on the planting land, and the plump corn seeds are taken as Zhengdan 958 and the parameter peanut seeds are used for flower cultivation 22 12 hours before planting, and are naturally dried to room temperature for later use;
when planting, interplanting 2 rows of corns with 3 rows of peanuts, controlling the row spacing of the peanuts to be 35 cm, controlling the hole spacing to be 25 cm, and dibbling 3 peanut seeds in each hole; the row spacing of the corn is 55 cm, the hole spacing is 35 cm, and 3 corn seeds are dibbled in each hole; the row spacing between the corns and the peanuts is 66 cm, and the corn holes and the peanut holes are controlled to be staggered with each other;
scattering a standard amount of rice straw ash in the holes for sowing peanuts, scattering a standard amount of cattle manure in the holes for sowing corns, and covering peanut seeds and corn seeds in the holes with soil beside the holes;
screening and seedling remaining treatment is carried out when the heights of the peanut seedlings and the corn seedlings are 15-25 cm, seedlings with normal and robust roots are selected and left, two seedlings are left in each corn hole and each peanut hole, and two seedlings with certain gaps between the roots are selected and left in the same hole;
carrying out primary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 10-20 days after the seedlings are screened and reserved, and carrying out secondary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 55-65 days after the primary weeding and applying fertilizer; harvesting when yellow leaves appear in the peanuts, and harvesting when the corn bracts are dry and white;
(2) planting of winter wheat in next crop
In the 10 th month of the year, after the wheat seeds Jimai 22 are aired, carrying out seed dressing treatment by using a gold seed dressing agent with a standard amount, and planting and sowing the wheat seeds after seed dressing in planting holes of the corns and the peanuts according to the planting amount of 20 kg/mu and the planting depth of 3-6 cm; during sowing, sowing the wheat seeds after seed dressing in a sowing mode that 1 row of wide rows is arranged between two adjacent continuous 7 rows of narrow rows; the line spacing of the narrow lines is 12cm, and the line spacing of the wide lines is 40 cm;
uniformly spraying water on the wide-row planting field at 16-19 points on the third day after the wheat seeds are sowed to moisten the wide-row planting field, and interplanting two rows of spinach on the wide rows after the water is permeated, wherein the row spacing is 13cm, and the plant spacing is 4 cm; when the average daily temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, mulching film covering is carried out on the spinach; the mulching film is a silver black double-color reflective film (2-filament PE film with the thickness of 0.02mm), is made of PE (polyethylene) material with strong flexibility, is strong in flexibility, is not easy to tear, and can be recycled; when the mulching film is laid, the front surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be silver, and the back surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be black;
in the spring of the next year, when the local temperature rises to more than 5 ℃, the mulching film on the spinach is removed, the green turning water is lightly poured and topdressing is carried out (240.2 kg. hm. of urea)-2261kg of diammonium phosphate-2204kg of potassium sulfate-2)；
Spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat and the spinach in the early third ten days of the next year; the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate, plant ash, urea and boric acid, wherein the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the plant ash, the urea, the boric acid and water in the mixed solution is 0.2: 0.06: 2: 0.3: 100, respectively;
harvesting spinach in late March of the next year, and irrigating wheat in a flowering period; spraying chlormequat chloride to the wheat on the third day after the irrigation in the flowering period, wherein the spraying amount of the chlormequat chloride is that 2-3mL of chlormequat chloride is taken per mu and diluted to 50 kilograms of water;
in the late 5 months of the next year, performing conventional irrigation on the wheat in a grouting period; and harvesting the wheat in a harvest stage.
Example 3
The planting method for intercropping corn and peanuts with next winter wheat comprises the following steps:
(1) corn and peanut intercropping planting
Deep ploughing and fine harrowing are carried out on the planting land, and the plump corn seeds Zhengdan 958 and the peanut seeds are taken to carry out flower cultivation 22 12 hours before planting, and are naturally dried to room temperature for later use;
when planting, interplanting 2 rows of corns with 3 rows of peanuts, controlling the row spacing of the peanuts to be 30 cm, the hole spacing to be 22 cm, and dibbling 2 peanut seeds in each hole; the row spacing of the corn is 50 cm, the hole spacing is 32 cm, and 3 corn seeds are dibbled in each hole; the row spacing between the corns and the peanuts is 64 cm, and the corn holes and the peanut holes are controlled to be staggered with each other;
scattering a standard amount of rice straw ash in the holes for sowing peanuts, scattering a standard amount of cattle manure in the holes for sowing corns, and covering peanut seeds and corn seeds in the holes with soil beside the holes;
screening and seedling remaining treatment is carried out when the heights of the peanut seedlings and the corn seedlings are 15-25 cm, seedlings with normal and robust roots are selected and left, two seedlings are left in each corn hole and each peanut hole, and two seedlings with certain gaps between the roots are selected and left in the same hole;
carrying out primary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 10-20 days after the seedlings are screened and reserved, and carrying out secondary weeding and applying conventional fertilizer 55-65 days after the primary weeding and applying fertilizer; harvesting when yellow leaves appear in the peanuts, and harvesting when the corn bracts are dry and white;
(2) planting of winter wheat in next crop
In the 10 th month of the year, after the wheat seeds Jimai 22 are aired, carrying out seed dressing treatment by using a gold seed dressing agent with a standard amount, and planting and sowing the wheat seeds after seed dressing in planting holes of the corns and the peanuts according to the planting amount of 15 kg/mu and the planting depth of 3-6 cm; during sowing, sowing the wheat seeds after seed dressing in a sowing mode that 1 row of wide rows is arranged between two adjacent continuous 7 rows of narrow rows; the line spacing of the narrow lines is 11cm, and the line spacing of the wide lines is 34 cm;
uniformly spraying water on the wide-row planting field at 16-19 points on the third day after the wheat seeds are sowed to moisten the wide-row planting field, and interplanting two rows of spinach on the wide rows after the water is permeated, wherein the row spacing is 11cm, and the plant spacing is 3 cm; when the average daily temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, mulching film covering is carried out on the spinach; the mulching film is a silver black double-color reflective film (2-filament PE film with the thickness of 0.02mm), is made of PE (polyethylene) material with strong flexibility, is strong in flexibility, is not easy to tear, and can be recycled; when the mulching film is laid, the front surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be silver, and the back surface of the silver-black double-color mulching film is ensured to be black;
in the spring of the next year, when the local temperature rises to more than 5 ℃, the mulching film on the spinach is removed, the green turning water is lightly poured and topdressing is carried out (387 kg. hm. urea)-2261kg of diammonium phosphate-2204kg of potassium sulfate-2)；
Spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat and the spinach in the early third ten days of the next year; the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate, plant ash, urea and boric acid, wherein the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the plant ash, the urea, the boric acid and water in the mixed solution is 0.15: 0.04: 1.5: 0.2: 100, respectively;
harvesting spinach in late March of the next year, and irrigating wheat in a flowering period; spraying chlormequat chloride to the wheat on the third day after the irrigation in the flowering period, wherein the spraying amount of the chlormequat chloride is that 2-3mL of chlormequat chloride is taken per mu and diluted to 50 kilograms of water;
in the late 5 months of the next year, performing conventional irrigation on the wheat in a grouting period; and harvesting the wheat in a harvest stage.
Examples of the experiments
Planting experiments were performed as described in examples 1-3 above and the yield (kg/hm) of corn, peanut, wheat and spinach were recorded separately2) Recorded in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 yield (kg/hm) of corn, peanut, wheat and spinach2)
Numbering Corn (kg/hm)2) Peanut (kg/hm)2) Wheat (kg/hm)2) Spinach (kg/hm)2)
Example 1 11321.3 3075.8 10875.6 2135.2
Example 2 11457.6 3124.6 10999.3 2245.2
Example 3 11822.5 3355.4 11153.9 2368.0
The data in the table show that the wheat, spinach, corn and peanut intercropping planting method fully considers the growth characteristics of wheat, spinach, peanuts and corns and the requirements of nutrient elements in the growth process, fully utilizes land resources, improves the multiple cropping index, improves the total annual output and improves the economic benefit.

Claims (10)

1. A year-round intercropping planting method for spinach, wheat, corn and peanuts and a field management mode are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) corn and peanut intercropping planting
Deep ploughing and fine harrowing are carried out on the planting field, and full corn and peanut seeds are respectively taken for standby;
when planting, interplanting 2 rows of corns with 3 rows of peanuts, controlling the row spacing of the peanuts to be 25-35 cm, the hole spacing to be 20-25 cm, and dibbling 2-3 peanut seeds in each hole; the row spacing of the corn is 45-55 cm, the hole spacing is 30-35 cm, and 2-3 corn seeds are dibbled in each hole; the row spacing between the corns and the peanuts is 62-66 cm, and the corn holes and the peanut holes are controlled to be staggered with each other;
scattering peanut planting fertilizer in the holes for sowing peanuts, scattering corn planting fertilizer in the holes for sowing corn, and covering peanut seeds and corn seeds in the holes with soil beside the holes;
screening and seedling remaining treatment is carried out when the heights of the peanut seedlings and the corn seedlings are 15-25 cm, seedlings with normal and robust roots are selected and left, two seedlings are left in each corn hole and each peanut hole, and two seedlings with certain gaps between the roots are selected and left in the same hole;
carrying out first weeding and fertilizing 10-20 days after screening and seedling remaining, and carrying out second weeding and fertilizing 55-65 days after the first weeding and fertilizing; harvesting when yellow leaves appear in the peanuts, and harvesting when the corn bracts are dry and white;
(2) winter wheat and spinach intercropping planting
At the beginning of 10 months in the year, after the wheat seeds are aired, carrying out seed dressing treatment by using a seed dressing agent, and sowing the seed-dressed wheat seeds by adopting a sowing mode that 1 row is wide between two adjacent continuous 7 rows and narrow rows; wherein the line spacing of the narrow lines is 10-12cm, and the line spacing of the wide lines is 28-40 cm;
uniformly spraying water on the wide-row planting field at 16-19 points on the third day after the wheat seeds are sowed to moisten the wide-row planting field, and interplanting two rows of spinach on the wide rows after the water is permeated, wherein the row spacing is 9-13cm, and the plant spacing is 2-4 cm; when the average daily temperature is reduced to 2 ℃, mulching film covering is carried out on the spinach;
in the spring of the next year, when the local temperature rises to more than 5 ℃, removing the mulching film on the spinach, lightly pouring green turning water and performing topdressing;
spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat and the spinach in the early third ten days of the next year;
harvesting spinach in late March of the next year, and irrigating wheat in the flowering period; spraying chlormequat chloride on the wheat on the third day after the irrigation in the flowering period;
in the late 5 months of the next year, irrigating the wheat in a grouting period; and harvesting the wheat in a harvest stage.
2. The spinach wheat corn peanut perennial interplanting method and the field management mode according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the peanut planting fertilizer is rice straw ash and the corn planting fertilizer is stable manure.
3. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and field management mode according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (2), the wheat seeds are planted according to a planting amount of 10-20 kg/mu and a planting depth of 3-6 cm.
4. The spinach wheat corn peanut annual interplanting method and the field management mode according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (2) the seed dressing agent is Kindax.
5. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and field management mode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step (2), the amount of cycocel sprayed is 2-3mL per acre diluted to 50 kg with water.
6. The spinach wheat corn peanut annual interplanting method and field management mode according to any of the claims 1-5, wherein in step (2) said top dressing step is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application, wherein phosphorus (P) is applied2O5) The amount is 100-120kg-2Applying potassium (K)2O) amount of 100--2157-1 kg-270 hm of nitrogen application amount-2。
7. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and the field management mode according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate, plant ash, urea and boric acid, and the weight ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the plant ash, the urea, the boric acid and water in the mixed solution is 0.1-0.2: 0.02-0.06: 1-2: 0.1-0.3: 100.
8. the spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and field management mode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mulch is a silvery black double-color reflective film, which ensures that the silvery side is up and the black side is down when covering.
9. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and field management mode according to claim 8, wherein the mulching film is a polyethylene reflective film.
10. The spinach, wheat, corn and peanut annual interplanting method and the field management mode according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.02-0.03 mm.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105359807A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-02 梁小宁 Intercropping planting method for wheat, spinach, peanuts and maize
AU2015366289A1 (en) * 2014-12-18 2017-07-13 Basf Se Alkynylpyrazoles as nitrification inhibitors
CN107318406A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-11-07 杨正嘉 A kind of Winter in North China spinach, spring radish, Peanut man's courtyard nixed planting
CN108770563A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-11-09 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 A method of subtract for realizing citrus orchard pesticide and applies synergy
CN109496728A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-22 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 A kind of method of corn, peanut intercropping plant winter wheat

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2015366289A1 (en) * 2014-12-18 2017-07-13 Basf Se Alkynylpyrazoles as nitrification inhibitors
CN105359807A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-02 梁小宁 Intercropping planting method for wheat, spinach, peanuts and maize
CN107318406A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-11-07 杨正嘉 A kind of Winter in North China spinach, spring radish, Peanut man's courtyard nixed planting
CN108770563A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-11-09 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 A method of subtract for realizing citrus orchard pesticide and applies synergy
CN109496728A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-22 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 A kind of method of corn, peanut intercropping plant winter wheat

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