CN112609715A - Rock slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method - Google Patents
Rock slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112609715A CN112609715A CN202011609406.1A CN202011609406A CN112609715A CN 112609715 A CN112609715 A CN 112609715A CN 202011609406 A CN202011609406 A CN 202011609406A CN 112609715 A CN112609715 A CN 112609715A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a rock slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method, which comprises the following steps: building a catch drain at the top of the slope; cleaning dangerous rocks; paving a protective net, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod; a jet matrix layer a; laying a water absorption blanket, and fixing the water absorption blanket with a protective net and an anchor rod through iron wires; a jet matrix layer b; paving a protective net, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod; a jet matrix layer c; and spraying a seed layer. The ecological restoration method adopts the double-layer net hanging four-time spray-seeding process to realize ecological restoration of the slope surface of the slope, and the double-layer net hanging four-time spray-seeding forming avoids the phenomenon that the matrix falls off due to the fact that the matrix is too thick in single spray-seeding; in addition, the water in the intercepting ditch flows into the matrix layer along the nylon fiber of the water absorption blanket and is absorbed by the slope vegetation, so that the problems that the slope cannot receive natural rainfall and is difficult to artificially water and maintain are solved; the prepared substrate is light in weight, the substrate layer is high in adhesion with the slope, the substrate is not prone to falling off, stability and safety are high, water retention performance is good, and the effects of lasting safety and greening of the slope can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope restoration, in particular to a rocky slope spray-seeding restoration method.
Background
The slope of the adverse slope cannot receive natural rainfall because the slope is greater than 90 degrees, and the artificial watering cannot store moisture, so that the adverse slope does not have the moisture condition necessary for plant growth. At present, climbing plants are mainly planted at the bottom of a slope or hanging plants are planted at the top of the slope aiming at a reverse slope, but the two planting methods are slow in growth, cannot be replaced in four seasons, are weak and are easy to break under severe conditions such as strong wind, strong pressure and the like. Secondly, most of the falling slopes are not planted with vegetation, but are changed into positive slopes by adopting a method of only cutting slopes. The method is simple and quick, but generally has large engineering quantity and is easy to be limited by space strictly.
In addition, the reverse slope can be changed into a positive slope by adopting a mortar block or concrete pouring mode. The construction difficulty of the mode is higher, the stability of the additional building materials is poorer, the self weight of the filling materials is great, the load is large, and secondary damage is caused. And the mode of spraying ceramsite vermiculite concrete is also adopted, the surface of the falling slope is modified into a positive slope body, the dead weight of filling materials is reduced, and the stability of the building materials is improved, but the ceramsite vermiculite concrete material is high in cost and repair cost, and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rocky slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a rocky slope spray-seeding repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) building a catch drain at the top of the slope, and arranging gates at two ends of the catch drain;
(2) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the falling slope;
(3) paving a protective net on the slope surface of the falling slope, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod;
(4) spraying the substrate layer a onto the slope surface of the falling slope, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer a is 1-2 cm;
(5) after the substrate layer a is dried, laying a water absorption blanket on the substrate layer a, fixing the water absorption blanket with the protective net and the anchor rod through iron wires, and connecting the top end of the water absorption blanket with the intercepting ditch;
(6) spraying the substrate layer b onto a slope water absorption blanket with the thickness of 1-2 cm;
(7) after the substrate layer b is dried, paving a protective net on the slope surface of the falling slope, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod;
(8) spraying the substrate layer c on the substrate layer b, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer c is 1-2 cm;
(9) and after the substrate layer c is dried, spraying the seed layer substrate onto the substrate layer c, wherein the thickness of the seed layer substrate is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the section of the intercepting drain in the step (1) is in an inverted trapezoid shape, the intercepting drain is constructed by grouted rubbles, gates at two ends of the intercepting drain are opened in rainy season for slope closure, and the gates at two ends of the intercepting drain are closed in dry season for serving as a reservoir.
Preferably, the protective nets in the step (3) and the step (7) are cold-galvanized crocheted nets, the aperture is 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is greater than 10cm, and the distance between the protective nets beyond the top of the slope is greater than 1 m.
Preferably, the substrate layer a in the step (4) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hulls, 3-5 parts of short wood fibers, 5-10 parts of long wood fibers, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of natural rubber latex, 8-10 parts of cement and 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide.
Preferably, the water absorption blanket in the step (5) is woven by nylon fibers, and automatic irrigation and maintenance are realized by absorbing water from the slope top intercepting ditch through the capillary action of the nylon fibers.
Preferably, the substrate layer b in the step (6) and the substrate layer c in the step (8) are both composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hull, 3-5 parts of short wood fiber, 5-10 parts of long wood fiber, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1-2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide.
Preferably, the short wood fibers are poplar fibers, the length of the short wood fibers is 1-2 cm, the long wood fibers are pine fibers, and the length of the long wood fibers is 3-6 cm.
Preferably, the seed layer matrix in the step (9) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hull, 3-5 parts of short wood fiber, 5-10 parts of long wood fiber, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1-2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide, 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 8-10 parts of grass seed, wherein the mass ratio is ryegrass: wisteria: the rhizome of Japanese creeper and ivy =1:1:1: 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ecological restoration method adopts the double-layer net hanging four-time spray-seeding process to realize ecological restoration of the slope surface of the slope, and the double-layer net hanging four-time spray-seeding forming avoids the phenomenon that the matrix falls off due to the fact that the matrix is too thick in single spray-seeding; in addition, the water in the intercepting ditch flows into the matrix layer along the nylon fiber of the water absorption blanket through the capillary action of the water absorption blanket and is absorbed by the slope vegetation, so that the problems that the slope cannot receive natural rainfall and is difficult to artificially water and maintain are solved; the soil with rotten leaves is used as a main matrix raw material, and auxiliary materials such as long and short fibers and rice husks are matched, so that the prepared matrix is light in weight, and the natural rubber latex and cement are compounded, so that the matrix layer and the slope are high in cohesiveness, the matrix is not prone to falling off, the stability and the safety are high, the water retention performance is good, the self-water absorption maintenance is realized, and the effects of lasting safety and greening of the slope can be realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, and it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a rocky slope spray-seeding repairing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) building a catch drain at the top of the slope, and arranging gates at two ends of the catch drain;
(2) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the falling slope;
(3) paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(4) spraying a substrate layer a onto the slope surface of the falling slope, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer a is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer a is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of rice hull, 3 parts of short wood fiber, 10 parts of long wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 3 parts of natural rubber latex, 8 parts of cement and 4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(5) after the substrate layer a is dried, laying a water absorption blanket on the substrate layer a, fixing the water absorption blanket with a protective net and an anchor rod through iron wires, connecting the top end of the water absorption blanket with the intercepting ditch, weaving the water absorption blanket by nylon fibers, and absorbing water from the intercepting ditch on the top of the slope through the capillary action of the nylon fibers to realize automatic irrigation and maintenance;
(6) spraying a substrate layer b onto a slope water absorption blanket, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer b is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer b is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of rice hull, 3 parts of short wood fiber, 10 parts of long wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(7) after the substrate layer b is dried, paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(8) spraying a substrate layer c on the substrate layer b, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer c is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer c is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of rice hull, 3 parts of short wood fiber, 10 parts of long wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of anionic polyacrylamide and 4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(9) after the substrate layer c is dried, spraying a seed layer substrate onto the substrate layer c, wherein the thickness of the seed layer substrate is 1-2 cm, and the seed layer substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of leaf mold, 15 parts of rice hull, 3 parts of short wood fiber, 10 parts of long wood fiber, 1 part of compound fertilizer, 2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1 part of anionic polyacrylamide, 4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 10 parts of grass seeds, wherein the mass ratio is ryegrass: wisteria: the rhizome of Japanese creeper and ivy =1:1:1: 1.
The rocky slope with the slope of 120 degrees is repaired by spray seeding according to the embodiment, after one week, the slope has no matrix shedding phenomenon, automatic irrigation and maintenance are realized by absorbing water from the slope top intercepting ditch through the capillary action of nylon fibers, and the vegetation coverage rate is 95% after 1 year.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a rocky slope spray-seeding repairing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) building a catch drain at the top of the slope, and arranging gates at two ends of the catch drain;
(2) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the falling slope;
(3) paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(4) spraying a substrate layer a onto the slope surface of the falling slope, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer a is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer a is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95 parts of leaf mold, 13 parts of rice hull, 4 parts of short wood fiber, 8 parts of long wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 2 parts of natural rubber latex, 9 parts of cement and 3 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(5) after the substrate layer a is dried, laying a water absorption blanket on the substrate layer a, fixing the water absorption blanket with a protective net and an anchor rod through iron wires, connecting the top end of the water absorption blanket with the intercepting ditch, weaving the water absorption blanket by nylon fibers, and absorbing water from the intercepting ditch on the top of the slope through the capillary action of the nylon fibers to realize automatic irrigation and maintenance;
(6) spraying a substrate layer b onto a slope water absorption blanket, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer b is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer b is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of leaf mold, 13 parts of rice hull, 4 parts of short wood fiber, 8 parts of long wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.5 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 3 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(7) after the substrate layer b is dried, paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(8) spraying a substrate layer c on the substrate layer b, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer c is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer c is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of leaf mold, 13 parts of rice hull, 4 parts of short wood fiber, 8 parts of long wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.5 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 3 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(9) after the substrate layer c is dried, spraying a seed layer substrate onto the substrate layer c, wherein the thickness of the seed layer substrate is 1-2 cm, and the seed layer substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 95 parts of leaf mold, 13 parts of rice hull, 4 parts of short wood fiber, 8 parts of long wood fiber, 1.5 parts of compound fertilizer, 1.5 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1.5 parts of anionic polyacrylamide, 3 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 9 parts of grass seeds, wherein the mass ratio is ryegrass: wisteria: the rhizome of Japanese creeper and ivy =1:1:1: 1.
The rocky slope with the slope of 110 degrees is subjected to spray-seeding repair according to the embodiment, after one week, the slope does not have the matrix shedding phenomenon, automatic irrigation and maintenance are realized by absorbing water from the slope top intercepting ditch through the capillary action of nylon fibers, and the vegetation coverage rate is 96% after 1 year.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a rocky slope spray-seeding repairing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) building a catch drain at the top of the slope, and arranging gates at two ends of the catch drain;
(2) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the falling slope;
(3) paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(4) spraying a substrate layer a onto the slope surface of the falling slope, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer a is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer a is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of rice hull, 5 parts of short wood fiber, 5 parts of long wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of natural rubber latex, 10 parts of cement and 2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(5) after the substrate layer a is dried, laying a water absorption blanket on the substrate layer a, fixing the water absorption blanket with a protective net and an anchor rod through iron wires, connecting the top end of the water absorption blanket with the intercepting ditch, weaving the water absorption blanket by nylon fibers, and absorbing water from the intercepting ditch on the top of the slope through the capillary action of the nylon fibers to realize automatic irrigation and maintenance;
(6) spraying a substrate layer b onto a slope water absorption blanket, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer b is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer b is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of rice hull, 5 parts of short wood fiber, 5 parts of long wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(7) after the substrate layer b is dried, paving protective nets on the slope surface of the reverse slope, fixing the protective nets on the slope surface through anchor rods, wherein the protective nets are cold-galvanized hook flower nets, the aperture is phi 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is more than 10cm, and the protective nets exceed the top of the slope by more than 1 m;
(8) spraying a substrate layer c on the substrate layer b, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer c is 1-2 cm, and the substrate layer c is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of rice hull, 5 parts of short wood fiber, 5 parts of long wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide;
(9) after the substrate layer c is dried, spraying a seed layer substrate onto the substrate layer c, wherein the thickness of the seed layer substrate is 1-2 cm, and the seed layer substrate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 00 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of rice hull, 5 parts of short wood fiber, 5 parts of long wood fiber, 2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1 part of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide, 2 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 8 parts of grass seeds, wherein the mass ratio is ryegrass: wisteria: the rhizome of Japanese creeper and ivy =1:1:1: 1.
The rocky slope with the slope of 100 degrees is subjected to spray-seeding repair according to the embodiment, after one week, the slope does not have the matrix shedding phenomenon, automatic irrigation and maintenance are realized by absorbing water from the slope top intercepting ditch through the capillary action of nylon fibers, and the vegetation coverage rate is 97% after 1 year.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A rocky slope spray-seeding repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) building a catch drain at the top of the slope, and arranging gates at two ends of the catch drain;
(2) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the falling slope;
(3) paving a protective net on the slope surface of the falling slope, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod;
(4) spraying the substrate layer a onto the slope surface of the falling slope, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer a is 1-2 cm;
(5) after the substrate layer a is dried, laying a water absorption blanket on the substrate layer a, fixing the water absorption blanket with the protective net and the anchor rod through iron wires, and connecting the top end of the water absorption blanket with the intercepting ditch;
(6) spraying the substrate layer b onto a slope water absorption blanket with the thickness of 1-2 cm;
(7) after the substrate layer b is dried, paving a protective net on the slope surface of the falling slope, and fixing the protective net on the slope surface through an anchor rod;
(8) spraying the substrate layer c on the substrate layer b, wherein the thickness of the substrate layer c is 1-2 cm;
(9) and after the substrate layer c is dried, spraying the seed layer substrate onto the substrate layer c, wherein the thickness of the seed layer substrate is 1-2 cm.
2. The shotcrete restoration method for the rocky falling slope according to claim 1, wherein the intercepting trench in step (1) has an inverted trapezoidal cross section, and is constructed by grouted rubbles, and in rainy season, the gates at two ends of the intercepting trench are opened for slope closure, and in dry season, the gates at two ends of the intercepting trench are closed for a reservoir.
3. The spray-seeding repairing method for the rocky slope, according to claim 1, wherein the protective nets in step (3) and step (7) are cold-galvanized hook-flower nets, the aperture is 55mm, the width of the lap joint of two adjacent protective nets is greater than 10cm, and the distance between the protective net and the top of the slope is greater than 1 m.
4. The rocky slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method according to claim 1, wherein the matrix layer a in the step (4) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hulls, 3-5 parts of short wood fibers, 5-10 parts of long wood fibers, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-3 parts of natural rubber latex, 8-10 parts of cement and 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide.
5. The spray-seeding repair method for the rocky falling slope according to claim 1, wherein the water absorption blanket in the step (5) is woven by nylon fibers, and automatic irrigation and maintenance are realized by absorbing water from the slope top intercepting ditch through the capillary action of the nylon fibers.
6. The rocky slope spray-seeding repair method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate layer b in the step (6) and the substrate layer c in the step (8) are respectively composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hull, 3-5 parts of short wood fiber, 5-10 parts of long wood fiber, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1-2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide and 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide.
7. The spray-seeding repair method for the rocky slope according to any one of claims 4 or 6, wherein the short wood fiber is poplar fiber with a length of 1-2 cm, and the long wood fiber is pine fiber with a length of 3-6 cm.
8. The rocky slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method according to claim 1, wherein the seed layer matrix in the step (9) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of leaf mold, 10-15 parts of rice hull, 3-5 parts of short wood fiber, 5-10 parts of long wood fiber, 1-2 parts of compound fertilizer, 1-2 parts of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1-2 parts of anionic polyacrylamide, 2-4 parts of starch grafted acrylamide and 8-10 parts of grass seed, wherein the mass ratio is ryegrass: wisteria: the rhizome of Japanese creeper and ivy =1:1:1: 1.
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| CN202011609406.1A CN112609715B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Rock slope-falling spray-seeding repairing method |
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| CN112609715B (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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