CN112608129A - 耐火材料及制备方法，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置及制备方法 - Google Patents

耐火材料及制备方法，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112608129A
CN112608129A CN202011449925.6A CN202011449925A CN112608129A CN 112608129 A CN112608129 A CN 112608129A CN 202011449925 A CN202011449925 A CN 202011449925A CN 112608129 A CN112608129 A CN 112608129A
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refractory material
sleeper
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唐贵川
青光红
陈泽
刘嵩
赵杰
黄天翔
温宁
郑云
高亮
蒋发燕
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Gangcheng Group Liangshan Ruihai Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐火材料及制备方法，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置及制备方法，耐火材料由组合物A和六偏磷酸钠组成，其中六偏磷酸钠的重量为组合物A的重量的0.1～0.3；组合物A由以下质量百分数的组分组成：粒径5‑10mm废喷枪骨料30～35％、粒径0‑5mm废喷枪骨料25‑30％、矾土粉15～20％、广西白泥1～4％、水泥5～13％、硅尘粉1～3％、余量为焦宝石；其中水泥中含有质量分数为58％～65％的氧化铝，该耐火材料用于轨枕耐高温防烧损装置中，能有效解决高炉渣罐车倒渣时高炉渣飞溅对轨枕的冲刷和高温烧损现象。

Description

耐火材料及制备方法，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高炉渣处理涉及的轨枕防烧损技术领域，具体涉及一种耐火材料及制备方法，一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置及制备方法。
背景技术
目前，高钛重矿渣属于攀西地区炼铁产生的特殊高钛重矿渣，铁水从出铁口流出后经过渣铁分离，液态渣经过下渣沟被叠渣闸挡入渣罐内，西钢钒有近120余个渣罐用于倒运高钛重矿渣，装满高钛重矿渣的渣罐经铁路运送至冶金渣处理场地。
渣罐经铁路运送至冶金渣处理场地后，将高钛重矿渣倾翻进入热泼渣道，渣道与渣罐垂直高度约5m，每趟运输12个渣罐，每个渣罐装渣约35-50吨。倾翻时液态高钛重矿渣的高温热泼渣温度1000-1200℃，高钛重矿热泼渣工序环境温度800-1000℃，倾倒时飞溅产生的冲刷力对轨枕烧损严重，造成轨枕烧损缺失导致轨枕变形，轨道变形进而引发铁路罐车事故。
发明内容
针对现有的液态高钛重矿渣的高温热泼渣温度高于高钛重矿热泼渣工序环境温度造成的液态高钛重矿渣飞溅而导致轨枕变形，轨道变形进而引发铁路罐车事故的问题，本发明提供一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，该轨枕耐高温防烧损装置使用了特定的耐火材料。
本发明提供一种耐火材料，由组合物A和六偏磷酸钠组成，其中六偏磷酸钠的重量为组合物A的重量的0.1～0.3；
组合物A由以下质量百分数的组分组成：粒径5-10mm废喷枪骨料30～35％、粒径0-5mm废喷枪骨料25-30％、矾土粉15～20％、广西白泥1～4％、水泥5～13％、硅尘粉1～3％、余量为焦宝石；其中水泥中含有质量分数为58％～65％的氧化铝。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：采用废喷枪骨料、矾土粉、硅尘粉以及水泥提供前期施工强度，矾土粉和硅尘粉充当结合剂，六偏磷酸钠减水并提供流动性能。
废喷枪骨料具有纯度高、线膨胀系数低以及热力学性能稳定的特点。废喷枪骨料占耐火材料比重的55～65％，主要起支架作用；粉料的选型也极为重要，如果耐火微粉选型无法与颗粒成分相似或同步，在浇注使用后初期、中期将会出现开裂，结合性差等问题，矾土粉的作用是与硅尘粉以及焦宝石中的二氧化硅高温下反应生成莫来石相，莫来石相为针柱状，能有效阻止高炉渣的渗透，同时降低耐火材料的显气孔率，提高耐火材料耐压强度，改善耐火材料的热震稳定性。
水泥采用铝酸钙系水泥，氧化铝含量在58％～65％，具有水化性能稳定，机械强度优异而且强度提升合适，提供前期施工强度。
硅尘粉和矾土粉同时在水化过程中具有一定的结合性能，无需加入任何结合剂成分，即能满足施工浇注要求。
进一步限定，该耐火材料中各组分中水分的质量分数均小于或等于1％。
进一步限定，所述水泥具体为赛卡牌CA60铝酸盐水泥。
本发明提供了一种耐火材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将粒径5-10mm废喷枪骨料和粒径0-5mm废喷枪骨料混合均匀；
S2：加入矾土粉、水泥、硅尘粉、广西白泥、六偏磷酸钠以及焦宝石搅拌均匀即可。
本发明还提供了一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，包括具有双层钢结构的防护罩，双层钢结构之间设置有防火层，所述防火层由耐火材料与水制备而成，双层钢结构的外层尺寸为350×300×260mm，双层钢结构的内层尺寸为260×230×200mm。
本发明的有益效果为：轨枕耐高温防烧损装置具有耐高温、耐冲击、热力学性能稳定等特点，能有效解决高炉渣罐车倒渣时高炉渣飞溅对轨枕的冲刷和高温烧损现象，并不影响轨枕更换施工，可重复使用。
本发明还提供了一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
B1：制作具有双层钢结构的防护罩；
B2：将耐火材料与水按照质量比为100：6～10混合均匀，随后填充于双层钢结构之间且震动均匀密实，常温下冷却24小时及以上。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面对本发明的实施例进行详细、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)，具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语，应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非被特定定义，否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。
实施例1
一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的耐火材料采用配方1，如表1所示，耐火材料检测合格后，经称量、搅拌、包装后取样检测。
表1
原料名称 规格 质量(kg)
废喷枪骨料 5＜粒径≤10mm 350
废喷枪骨料 0≤粒径≤5mm 280
广西白泥 — 30
矾土粉 ＜0.044mm 200
CA60水泥 — 120
硅尘粉 ＜0.074mm 10
六偏磷酸钠 — 2
焦宝石 ＜0.052mm 8
本实施例采用耐火材料作为耐高温防烧损耐火材料且制备了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置具有双层钢结构的防护罩，双层钢结构之间设置有防火层，所述防火层由耐火材料与水制备而成，双层钢结构的外层尺寸为350×300×260mm，双层钢结构的内层尺寸为260×230×200mm，收集了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的数据与原来不用防护装置使用的数据进行对比，46个试验中间耐火材料性能良好，平均加水量为73kg，在养护、烘烤过程中均无掉料，裂纹现象发生，使用后轨枕端头无烧损现象。
实施例2
一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的耐火材料采用配方2，如表2所示，耐火材料检测合格后，经称量、搅拌、包装后取样检测。
表2
原料名称 规格 质量(kg)
废喷枪骨料 5＜粒径≤10mm 300
废喷枪骨料 0≤粒径≤5mm 300
广西白泥 — 40
矾土粉 ＜0.044mm 150
CA60水泥 — 50
硅尘粉 ＜0.074mm 30
六偏磷酸钠 — 3
焦宝石 ＜0.052mm 87
本实施例采用耐火材料作为耐高温防烧损耐火材料且制备了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置具有双层钢结构的防护罩，双层钢结构之间设置有防火层，所述防火层由耐火材料与水制备而成，双层钢结构的外层尺寸为350×300×260mm，双层钢结构的内层尺寸为260×230×200mm，收集了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的数据与原来不用防护装置使用的数据进行对比，44个试验中间耐火材料性能良好，平均加水量为68kg，在养护、烘烤过程中均无掉料，裂纹现象发生，使用后轨枕端头无烧损现象。
实施例3
一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的耐火材料采用配方3，如表3所示，耐火材料检测合格后，经称量、搅拌、包装后取样检测。
表3
原料名称 规格 质量(kg)
废喷枪骨料 5＜粒径≤10mm 340
废喷枪骨料 0≤粒径≤5mm 250
广西白泥 — 10
矾土粉 ＜0.044mm 170
CA60水泥 — 130
硅尘粉 ＜0.074mm 20
六偏磷酸钠 — 1
焦宝石 ＜0.052mm 79
本实施例采用耐火材料作为耐高温防烧损耐火材料且制备了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，轨枕耐高温防烧损装置具有双层钢结构的防护罩，双层钢结构之间设置有防火层，所述防火层由耐火材料与水制备而成，双层钢结构的外层尺寸为350×300×260mm，双层钢结构的内层尺寸为260×230×200mm，收集了50个轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的数据与原来不用防护装置使用的数据进行对比，48个试验中间耐火材料性能良好，平均加水量为100kg，在养护、烘烤过程中均无掉料，裂纹现象发生，使用后轨枕端头无烧损现象。
根据实施例的内容可以看出，本发明一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置在高炉渣翻渣作业环境对轨枕的耐高温防烧损保护性能应用施工性能优越，热强度性能高、使用周期明显增长，应用前景广阔。
本发明不局限于上述可选实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是落入本发明权利要求界定范围内的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种耐火材料，其特征在于，由组合物A和六偏磷酸钠组成，其中六偏磷酸钠的重量为组合物A的重量的0.1～0.3；
组合物A由以下质量百分数的组分组成：粒径5-10mm废喷枪骨料30～35％、粒径0-5mm废喷枪骨料25-30％、矾土粉15～20％、广西白泥1～4％、水泥5～13％、硅尘粉1～3％、余量为焦宝石；其中水泥中含有质量分数为58％～65％的氧化铝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐火材料，其特征在于，该耐火材料中各组分中水分的质量分数均小于或等于1％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐火材料，其特征在于，所述水泥具体为赛卡牌CA60铝酸盐水泥。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一项所述的耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：将粒径5-10mm废喷枪骨料和粒径0-5mm废喷枪骨料混合均匀；
S2：加入矾土粉、水泥、硅尘粉、广西白泥、六偏磷酸钠以及焦宝石搅拌均匀即可。
5.一种轨枕耐高温防烧损装置，其特征在于，包括具有双层钢结构的防护罩，双层钢结构之间设置有防火层，所述防火层由如权利要求1-3任一项所述的耐火材料与水制备而成，双层钢结构的外层尺寸为350×300×260mm，双层钢结构的内层尺寸为260×230×200mm。
6.一种如权利要求5所述的轨枕耐高温防烧损装置的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
B1：制作具有双层钢结构的防护罩；
B2：将耐火材料与水按照质量比为100：6～10混合均匀，随后填充于双层钢结构之间且震动均匀密实，常温下冷却24小时及以上。
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