CN112592688A - 一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶 - Google Patents

一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶 Download PDF

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CN112592688A
CN112592688A CN202011309417.8A CN202011309417A CN112592688A CN 112592688 A CN112592688 A CN 112592688A CN 202011309417 A CN202011309417 A CN 202011309417A CN 112592688 A CN112592688 A CN 112592688A
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魏金凯
叶凤莲
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Zhejiang Haitai New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚氨酯‑环氧双组份结构胶,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A的原料按重量份包括:多元醇50‑70份、增韧剂5‑20份、扩链剂0.5‑3份、催化剂1.01‑1.05份、粘结促进剂0.02‑2份、环氧固化剂2.5‑5.5份;组分B的原料按重量份包括:异氰酸酯固化剂32‑44份、环氧树脂45‑55份、稀释剂5‑10份;增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇‑笼形聚倍半硅氧烷。本发明具有良好的耐高温性能,且高温下强度较好,固化速度较快。

Description

一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶
技术领域
本发明涉及胶黏剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶。
背景技术
双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂通常由甲、乙两个组份组成,使用前按一定的比例配制即可。双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂属反应性胶粘剂,两组份混合发生交联反应而固化粘接;通常可室温固化,也可以加热固化。由于双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂具有性能可调节性、粘合强度大、粘接范围广等优点,已成为聚氨酯胶粘剂中品种最多、产量最大的产品。但是目前双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的高温强度较低。环氧树脂具有较好的粘结性能、耐高温性能,在聚氨酯中加入环氧树脂虽然可以适当改善聚氨酯的耐高温性能;但是环氧胶的固化速度较慢,双组份胶在使用时,其建立强度的所需时间较长,且其高温下的强度较低。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,本发明具有良好的耐高温性能,且高温下强度较好,固化速度较快。
本发明提出的一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A的原料按重量份包括:多元醇50-70份、增韧剂5-20份、扩链剂0.5-3份、催化剂1.01-1.05份、粘结促进剂0.02-2份、环氧固化剂2.5-5.5份;
组分B的原料按重量份包括:异氰酸酯固化剂32-44份、环氧树脂45-55份、稀释剂5-10份;
增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷。
优选地,丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷的重量比为3-5:1-2:2-4。
上述聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷简称为聚乙二醇-POSS,可以丛市场购得,聚乙二醇-POSS中,接枝在POSS中Si原子上的基团结构式为-CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,n为>0的整数。
优选地,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,取羟基硅油与硼酸,于150-170℃真空反应1-1.5h得到聚硼硅氧烷。
优选地,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,羟基硅油中羟基的含量为5-6wt%。
优选地,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,羟基硅油和硼酸的重量比为1:1-2。
优选地,环氧树脂的环氧当量≤300。
优选地,催化剂为胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂。
优选地,胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂的重量比为0.9:0.11-0.15。
上述胺类催化剂可以为三亚乙基二胺、叔胺类催化剂等;有机锡催化剂可以为二月桂酸二丁基锡等。
优选地,多元醇包括聚酯多元醇、丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、松香酯多元醇、脂肪酸二聚体二醇、二聚体聚酯多元醇。
优选地,多元醇为聚酯多元醇。
上述异氰酸酯固化剂可以为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、对苯二异氰酸酯等。
优选地,组分A还包括添加剂,其原料按重量份包括:多元醇60份、增韧剂12份、扩链剂1.5份、催化剂1.03份、粘结促进剂1份、环氧固化剂4份。
优选地,组分B的原料按重量份包括:异氰酸酯固化剂37.5份、环氧树脂50份、稀释剂5份。
优选地,组分A和组分B的重量比为1:1-1.2。
优选地,所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶组分A的原料还包括填料。
上述扩链剂可以为乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇等。
上述粘结促进剂可以为硅烷偶联剂等,可以提高本发明的粘附性。
上述填料可以为碳酸钙、高岭土、硅灰石粉、气相二氧化硅等,加入适量的填料可以进一步提高本发明的强度。
上述环氧固化剂可以为双氰胺、酸酐、聚酰胺、氨苯砜等。
上述稀释剂可以为二缩水甘油醚、丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、丙三醇三缩水甘油醚等。
有益效果:
本发明选用环氧树脂和聚氨酯相互配合,改善聚氨酯的耐高温性能、提高环氧树脂胶的强度建立速度;多元醇与异氰酸酯固化剂以适宜比例相互配合,可以调节聚氨酯中软段和硬段的比例,提高本发明的强度;
本发明选用丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷相互配合,在本发明中引入B元素、高键能的Si-O键提高本发明的耐高温性能,聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷中的聚乙二醇链的结构式为-CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)nOCH3,是聚醚链,可与多元醇均匀分散,并与聚酯多元醇、异氰酸酯固化剂相互配合,进一步改善聚氨酯在高温下的强度,且笼形聚倍半硅氧烷的引入,可以降低本发明的表面能,提高润湿性,进而提高本发明的粘附性;另外聚硼硅氧烷中含有部分羟基,在A、B组分混合时,在催化剂作用下可与异氰酸酯固化剂、环氧树脂接枝反应,从而均匀分散在胶中,形成交联网络,在受到较高剪切力时,会发生弛豫现象,产生应力延缓的效果,进一步提高本发明在高温下的强度,丁腈橡胶还可以改善环氧树脂的韧性;丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷以适宜比例相互配合,可以提高本发明的耐高温性能和高温下的强度;
选用胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂以适宜比例相互配合,可以加快环氧树脂的固化速率,加快本发明强度的建立,且异氰酸酯在聚氨酯聚合过程中也可以进一步加快环氧树脂的固化,催化剂与环氧固化剂相配合还可以避免加入环氧树脂容易导致不完全固化的问题;本发明通过上述各物质相互配合,使得本发明具有良好的耐高温性能和高温强度以及较快的固化速率。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A和组分B的重量比为1:1;
组分A的原料按重量份包括:聚己二酸-1,4-丁二醇酯二醇50g、增韧剂5g、1,4-丁二醇0.5g、催化剂1.01g、双氰胺2.5g、硅烷偶联剂KH5600.02g、气相二氧化硅粉末1.5g;
组分B的原料按重量份包括:甲苯二异氰酸酯32g、环氧当量≤300的环氧树脂45g、二缩水甘油醚5g;
增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷重量比为3:1:2的混合物;
在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,取羟基的含量为6wt%的羟基硅油1g与硼酸1g,于170℃真空反应1h得到聚硼硅氧烷;
催化剂为三亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡重量比为0.9:0.11的混合物。
实施例2
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A和组分B的重量比为1:1.2;
组分A的原料按重量份包括:聚己二酸-1,4-丁二醇酯二醇70g、增韧剂20g、1,4-丁二醇3g、催化剂1.05g、双氰胺5.5g、硅烷偶联剂KH5602g、气相二氧化硅粉末2.5g;
组分B的原料按重量份包括:甲苯二异氰酸酯44g、环氧当量≤300的环氧树脂55g、二缩水甘油醚10g;
增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷重量比为5:2:4的混合物;
在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,取羟基的含量为5wt%的羟基硅油2g与硼酸4g,于150℃真空反应1.5h得到聚硼硅氧烷;
催化剂为三亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡重量比为0.9:0.15的混合物。
实施例3
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A和组分B的重量比为1:1;
组分A的原料按重量份包括:聚己二酸-1,4-丁二醇酯二醇60g、增韧剂12g、1,4-丁二醇1.5g、催化剂1.03g、双氰胺4g、硅烷偶联剂KH5601g、气相二氧化硅粉末2g;
组分B的原料按重量份包括:甲苯二异氰酸酯37.5g、环氧当量≤300的环氧树脂50g、二缩水甘油醚5g;
增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷重量比为4:1.5:3的混合物;
在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,取羟基的含量为5.5wt%的羟基硅油2g与硼酸4g,于150-170℃真空反应1-1.5h得到聚硼硅氧烷;
催化剂为三亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡重量比为0.9:0.13的混合物。
对比例1
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,无增韧剂,其他同实施例3。
对比例2
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,增韧剂为12g丁腈橡胶,其他同实施例3。
对比例3
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,增韧剂为12g聚硼硅氧烷,其他同实施例3。
对比例4
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,增韧剂为12g聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷,其他同实施例3。
对比例5
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,催化剂为1.03g三亚乙基二胺,其他同实施例3。
对比例6
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,催化剂为1.03g二月桂酸二丁基锡,其他同实施例3。
对比例7
一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,催化剂为三亚乙基二胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡重量比为0.52:0.51的混合物,其他同实施例3。
检测实施例1-3和对比例1-4的性能,结果如表1所示,其中,剪切强度测试方法为ASTM D1000;用旋转粘度仪测试A、B组分的粘度。
表1
Figure BDA0002789264930000071
由表1可以看出,选用丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷以适宜比例相互配合,可以提高本发明的耐高温性能和高温下的强度。
检测实施例1-3和对比例5-7的性能,结果如表2所示,其中,剪切强度测试方法为ASTM D1000;用旋转粘度仪测试A、B组分的粘度。
表2
Figure BDA0002789264930000072
Figure BDA0002789264930000081
由表2可以看出,选用胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂以适宜比例相互配合,可以提高本发明固化速率,加快强度的建立。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,其原料包括:组分A和组分B,其中,组分A的原料按重量份包括:多元醇50-70份、增韧剂5-20份、扩链剂0.5-3份、催化剂1.01-1.05份、粘结促进剂0.02-2份、环氧固化剂2.5-5.5份;
组分B的原料按重量份包括:异氰酸酯固化剂32-44份、环氧树脂45-55份、稀释剂5-10份;
增韧剂为丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷。
2.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,丁腈橡胶、聚硼硅氧烷和聚乙二醇-笼形聚倍半硅氧烷的重量比为3-5:1-2:2-4。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,取羟基硅油与硼酸,于150-170℃真空反应1-1.5h得到聚硼硅氧烷;优选地,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,羟基硅油中羟基的含量为5-6wt%;优选地,在聚硼硅氧烷的制备过程中,羟基硅油和硼酸的重量比为1:1-2。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,环氧树脂的环氧当量≤300。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,催化剂为胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,胺类催化剂和有机锡催化剂的重量比为0.9:0.11-0.15。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,多元醇包括聚酯多元醇、丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、松香酯多元醇、脂肪酸二聚体二醇、二聚体聚酯多元醇。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,多元醇为聚酯多元醇。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,组分A和组分B的重量比为1:1-1.2。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯-环氧双组份结构胶组分A的原料还包括填料。
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