CN112586293A - Cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest - Google Patents

Cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112586293A
CN112586293A CN202011517940.XA CN202011517940A CN112586293A CN 112586293 A CN112586293 A CN 112586293A CN 202011517940 A CN202011517940 A CN 202011517940A CN 112586293 A CN112586293 A CN 112586293A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tartary buckwheat
forest
land
forest land
seeds
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Pending
Application number
CN202011517940.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汤睿
周美亮
李基光
王艳兰
张凯旋
王素华
邓晶
向兰舟
朱建宇
彭美纯
田仁广
熊振友
王利群
田肖
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HUNAN INSTITUTE OF CROPS
Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Original Assignee
HUNAN INSTITUTE OF CROPS
Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN202011517940.XA priority Critical patent/CN112586293A/en
Publication of CN112586293A publication Critical patent/CN112586293A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, and discloses a cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest, which comprises the steps of target forest land arrangement, sowing, fertilization and daily management. The invention can fully utilize the vacant land of the garden, can effectively prevent and control weeds, saves the cost of weeding the vacant land, reduces the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduces the labor cost, improves the planting enthusiasm of farmers and increases the income of the farmers; meanwhile, the method improves the coverage of the forest land, can reduce the water evaporation of the soil of the garden land, can effectively reduce the water and soil loss, improves the damaged soil during the reclamation of the forest land, improves the soil fertility level of the forest land, further improves the crop yield, further increases the income of farmers, and fills the blank that no income exists in the early stage of the forest land.

Description

Cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, in particular to a cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest.
Background
At present, natural vegetation in a forest land is damaged during reclamation, surface soil is damaged, the coverage of the ground surface is poor, water and soil loss is serious, soil moisture evaporation in the tea garden, the tea-oil camellia base and the kiwi fruit orchard is serious, growth of tea trees or tea-oil camellia trees or kiwi fruit trees is difficult, early investment is large, and garden land loss is easily caused due to early investment difficulty. In addition, in the young period of tea trees, fruit trees and tea-oil trees, the field is not produced, weeds grow frequently, a large amount of labor is needed for weeding, and the planting enthusiasm of fruit growers and tea growers is seriously influenced.
The tartary buckwheat is drought-enduring, barren-resistant, strong in adaptability, low in requirements for soil and water, high in nutritive value and irreplaceable in health care function, is a frequent agricultural product for a long time, the market demand is continuously increased, the sale price is continuously increased, and the large-scale planting of the tartary buckwheat is beneficial to realizing poverty removal and enrichment and promoting the economic development of rural areas. Therefore, the inventor researches and develops a cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest in order to solve the planting dilemma of the current tea garden, tea-oil camellia base, kiwi fruit orchard and the like, increase the income of farmers, improve the soil environment for planting in the garden and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides the cultivation method for interplanting the tartary buckwheat under the forest, which can reduce the labor cost, effectively prevent and control weeds, reduce the water evaporation of soil in the garden, reduce the water and soil loss, fully utilize the land and increase the income of farmers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a target forest land, wherein the target forest land is an oil tea forest, a tea tree forest or a kiwi fruit forest, turning and trimming an idle land which is 20-30cm away from the root of a tree in the target forest land, broadcasting an organic fertilizer according to 500 jin/mu, broadcasting a compound phosphate fertilizer according to 6-10 kg/mu, returning soil, and waiting for broadcasting;
s2: selecting full tartary buckwheat seeds in the middle 3 th of the month, the bottom 3 th of the month and the middle and last 8 th of the month of each year, drying the seeds in the sun, and then broadcasting the tartary buckwheat seeds on the free land treated in the step S1;
s3: spraying the tartary buckwheat with 500-800 times of monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer or spraying the tartary buckwheat on the leaf surface with 0.3-0.5% of plant ash leaching solution from the initial flowering stage to the final flowering stage of the tartary buckwheat, and spraying for 2-3 times every 7-10 days;
s4: the daily management of the trees of the target forest land and other daily management of the growth period of the tartary buckwheat are the same as the conventional management mode.
Further, the target forest land is a young area of 1-3 years.
Further, the sowing amount of the tartary buckwheat seeds in the step S2 is selected according to the tree density of trees planted in the target forest land, the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 3000-3500 camellia/mu forest land is 4 jin/mu, the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 60-70 camellia/mu forest land is 5.5 jin/mu, and the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 80-100 kiwi fruit/mu forest land is 5.0 jin/mu.
Further, the tartary buckwheat seeds in the step S2 are seeds of tartary buckwheat varieties with the tree height of 90-110 cm.
Further, the tartary buckwheat variety is Fengqian No. 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can fully utilize the vacant land of the garden, can effectively prevent and control weeds, saves the cost of weeding the vacant land, reduces the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduces the labor cost, improves the planting enthusiasm of farmers and increases the income of the farmers; meanwhile, the method improves the coverage of the forest land, can reduce the water evaporation of the soil of the garden land, can effectively reduce the water and soil loss, improves the damaged soil during the reclamation of the forest land, improves the soil fertility level of the forest land, further improves the crop yield, further increases the income of farmers, and fills the blank that no income exists in the early stage of the forest land.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
Example (b):
the embodiment provides a cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a target forest land which is an oil tea forest, a tea tree forest or a kiwi fruit forest, wherein tartary buckwheat can be interplanted in suitable planting areas of the oil tea, the tea trees and the kiwi fruit due to drought tolerance, barren tolerance, strong adaptability and low requirements on soil and water, and a young area which is convenient to transport and 1-3 years old is preferably selected;
ploughing and trimming the idle land within 20-30cm from the root of the tree in the target forest land, broadcasting an organic fertilizer according to 800 jin/mu and broadcasting a compound phosphate fertilizer according to 6-10 kg/mu, returning soil and waiting for sowing; the tartary buckwheat and the tea trees or the kiwi fruit trees or the tea-oil trees are interplanted because the tea trees, the kiwi fruit trees, the tea-oil trees and the like grow in a small amount in the early stage and grow at an unpleasant speed, so that tartary buckwheat crops have enough growth space, and the tartary buckwheat does not hinder the growth of the tea trees, the kiwi fruit trees and the tea-oil trees; the tartary buckwheat variety of the embodiment is tartary buckwheat No. 1, and the plant height of the tartary buckwheat No. 1 is 90-110cm, so that the growth of trees in a target forest land is not influenced;
s2: selecting full tartary buckwheat seeds in the middle 3 th of the month, the bottom 3 th of the month and the middle and last 8 th of the month of each year, drying the seeds in the sun, and then broadcasting the tartary buckwheat seeds on the free land treated in the step S1; the sowing amount of the tartary buckwheat seeds is selected according to the density of tree trees planted in a target forest land, the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 3000-3500 tea tree/mu tea tree forest land is 4 jin/mu, the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 60-70 tea tree/mu tea tree forest land is 5.5 jin/mu, the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 80-100 kiwi tree/mu kiwi tree forest land is 5.0 jin/mu, and the sowing amount of tartary buckwheat can be reduced according to the growth condition of trees in the target forest land;
s3: spraying the tartary buckwheat with 500-800 times of monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer or spraying the tartary buckwheat on the leaf surface with 0.3-0.5% of plant ash leaching solution from the initial flowering stage to the final flowering stage of the tartary buckwheat, and spraying for 2-3 times every 7-10 days;
s4: the daily management of the trees of the target forest land and other daily management of the growth period of the tartary buckwheat are the same as the conventional management mode; the tartary buckwheat pests mainly comprise the plutella xylostella and the hookwing moth, and if the pests are found to be prevented and controlled in time, the early control and the small control are realized; the tartary buckwheat has long flowering phase and inconsistent maturity, early blossoms are full first, late blossoms are full later, when more than 70% of the full plants are full, the plants are in a proper harvesting phase, and are harvested at proper time, tea trees, kiwi fruits, oil tea trees and the like are paid attention to during harvesting, and orchards are not damaged.
In the embodiment, the tartary buckwheat is interplanted with the tea-oil trees or the tea trees or the kiwi fruits, weeds can be effectively prevented and controlled, weeding is basically not needed in the whole growth period of the tea-oil trees or the tea trees or the kiwi fruits, the cost of weeding in an idle place is saved, and the using amount of chemical pesticides is also reduced. After interplanting, the forest land coverage is improved, water evaporation is reduced, and water and soil loss is effectively reduced. After the tartary buckwheat is interplanted, the growth environments of young camellia oleifera, tea trees and kiwi fruit trees are all obviously improved, which shows that the method is beneficial to improving the soil physicochemical property of the forest land, can improve the soil fertility level of the forest land, and can obviously promote the growth of crops.
In the embodiment, the buckwheat seed yield of the tea tree forest in which the tartary buckwheat is interplanted in spring and autumn reaches 550 jin/mu, the buckwheat seed yield of the tea tree forest in which the tartary buckwheat is interplanted reaches 650 jin/mu, the buckwheat seed yield of the kiwi fruit in which the tartary buckwheat is interplanted reaches 600 jin/mu, and the yield is 1200 jin/mu calculated by 4 yuan/kg of market price. After the tartary buckwheat is interplanted, the fertilizer investment for camellia oleifera, tea trees and kiwi trees is reduced by 400 yuan/mu, the labor for artificial weeding is reduced by 800 yuan/mu, the vacancy that no return exists in the early stage of planting the camellia oleifera, the kiwi trees and the tea trees is made up, and the economic benefit is obvious. The tartary buckwheat interplanting method under tea forest, tea-oil camellia forest and kiwi fruit is a novel under-forest dry coarse cereal operation mode, can provide reference for selection and application of an under-forest dry cereal composite operation mode, actively develops under-forest dry cereal interplanting, increases economic income, can improve the ecological environment of a newly-reclaimed forest land, and promotes the healthy development of tea, tea-oil camellia and kiwi fruit industries.
The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the process of verifying the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, and all the equivalent structural changes made by applying the content of the specification of the invention should be covered by the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a target forest land, wherein the target forest land is an oil tea forest, a tea tree forest or a kiwi fruit forest, turning and trimming an idle land which is 20-30cm away from the root of a tree in the target forest land, broadcasting an organic fertilizer according to 500 jin/mu, broadcasting a compound phosphate fertilizer according to 6-10 kg/mu, returning soil, and waiting for broadcasting;
s2: selecting full tartary buckwheat seeds in the middle 3 th of the month, the bottom 3 th of the month and the middle and last 8 th of the month of each year, drying the seeds in the sun, and then broadcasting the tartary buckwheat seeds on the free land treated in the step S1;
s3: spraying the tartary buckwheat with 500-800 times of monopotassium phosphate foliar fertilizer or spraying the tartary buckwheat on the leaf surface with 0.3-0.5% of plant ash leaching solution from the initial flowering stage to the final flowering stage of the tartary buckwheat, and spraying for 2-3 times every 7-10 days;
s4: the daily management of the trees of the target forest land and other daily management of the growth period of the tartary buckwheat are the same as the conventional management mode.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest according to claim 1, wherein the target forest land is a young area of 1-3 years.
3. The method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in step S2 is selected according to the density of trees planted in the target forest land, the seeding amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 3000-3500 camellia sinensis forest land per mu is 4 jin/mu, the seeding amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 60-70 camellia sinensis forest land is 5.5 jin/mu, and the seeding amount of tartary buckwheat seeds in 80-100 kiwi fruit forest land is 5.0 jin/mu.
4. The method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest according to claim 1, wherein the tartary buckwheat seeds in the step S2 are seeds of tartary buckwheat varieties with the tree height of 90-110 cm.
5. The method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest according to claim 4, wherein the tartary buckwheat variety is Fengqian No. 1.
CN202011517940.XA 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 Cultivation method for interplanting tartary buckwheat under forest Pending CN112586293A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285658A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-01-21 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 Method for planting teasel roots and tartary buckwheat in relay intercropping mode
CN106665085A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-17 管天球 Method for interplanting radix pseudostellariae under camellia oleifera woods
CN106717969A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-31 管天球 A kind of method of oil tea forest interplanting konjaku
CN106900317A (en) * 2017-02-06 2017-06-30 德兴市华继山珍食品有限公司 A kind of cultural method of oil tea row interplant fiddlehead
CN108522176A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-09-14 于建生 It is a kind of promote bitter buckwheat high yield, stable yields cultural method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285658A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-01-21 弥渡县俊峰特色经济林药开发农民专业合作社 Method for planting teasel roots and tartary buckwheat in relay intercropping mode
CN106665085A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-17 管天球 Method for interplanting radix pseudostellariae under camellia oleifera woods
CN106717969A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-31 管天球 A kind of method of oil tea forest interplanting konjaku
CN106900317A (en) * 2017-02-06 2017-06-30 德兴市华继山珍食品有限公司 A kind of cultural method of oil tea row interplant fiddlehead
CN108522176A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-09-14 于建生 It is a kind of promote bitter buckwheat high yield, stable yields cultural method

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Application publication date: 20210402