CN112585328B

CN112585328B - Moulding unit for building beams by means of a rapid assembly system

Info

Publication number: CN112585328B
Application number: CN201980052757.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿尔贝托·阿拉加西亚
Original assignee: Eco Building Co ltd
Current assignee: Eco Building Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-10
Filing date: 2019-08-08
Publication date: 2023-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-08
Also published as: US20210310261A1; ES2698723B2; ES2698723A1; BR112021002526A2; CN112585328A; WO2020030842A1; MX2021001623A

Abstract

The invention relates to a unit comprising a closure arranged on a horizontal surface, to which closure a side plate is fixed, said closure having for this purpose side perforations arranged longitudinally and aligned with projections on the lower edge of the side plate. The side plates are vertically fixed to the closing member by clips or the like. Thanks to the structural features of these parts and their joint design, an assembly is obtained that is easy to assemble and disassemble, making it possible to build the beam directly on site, and also to remove the mould from beams with complex geometries (holes, reduced section, etc.).

Description

Moulding unit for building beams by means of a rapid assembly system

Description

Object of the Invention

As identified by the title of the invention, the present invention relates to a moulding unit for building beams on site by means of a rapid assembly system, that is to say it relates to the necessary components to be used as moulds or templates for building beams on site.

The invention is characterized by the particular configuration and design of each member constituting a set of necessary members, which makes it possible to build the beam directly on site and to remove the mould from the beam with complex geometry (holes, reduced section, etc.) in a simple, efficient, quick and convenient manner.

The invention therefore belongs to the field of civil engineering and in particular to a method for building beams.

Background

Concrete beams built on site are a widely used system in the construction industry and there are a number of solutions. Known solutions include traditional wood beams built by carpentry to higher industrial solutions built by brackets fixing the wood boards.

US 3288427 describes a formwork system of removable modules, but it requires a complex system of aluminium members.

The BE 1015307A3 patent relates to a modular system comprising a base and side parts, which is however difficult to disassemble.

Patent US 3288427 relates to a system in which beam-formwork elements form an inclined mould to facilitate removal of the mould, but this requires more concrete to be consumed and a certain complexity to install.

None of the above forms can build a perforated beam or a double T beam.

The invention is suitable for building perforated beams, as indicated by the same inventor in patent ES-201000839.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention relates to a moulding unit for building beams which simplifies building beams directly on site.

Unlike other beam formwork systems, all components are assembled by clips; these components do not require any adjustment before assembly and they are designed in a form that is easy to handle.

In case of building a perforated beam, the frame can be put in the first position since the system is easy to rotate.

The molding unit comprises a closure resting on a horizontal surface, to which the side plates are fixed, for which purpose the closure has side perforations arranged longitudinally and aligned with projections on the lower edge of the side plates.

The side plates are assembled together by angular or oscillating movement. For this purpose, the projections and the perforations each have rounded edges on their inner surface.

The side plates are vertically fixed to the closing member by clips or the like fixed to the closing member. In addition, in case it is desired to build a perforated beam, the side plates have some fastening protrusions that fit into each other.

Once the closure and the side panels are placed, if necessary, the horizontal panels can be placed in alignment with the upper edges of the side panels, leaving free space between the beams, so that after the concrete has been poured, slabs can be built which integrate several parallel beams.

The demoulding process is very simple. First, the closure is removed, and then the side panels are removed. The unique structural features of the system enable the removal of the mold from beams having complex geometries (holes, reduced cross-section, etc.).

Unless defined otherwise, each technical and scientific term used herein has the ordinary meaning as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Methods and materials similar to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention.

Throughout the description of the invention and the claims, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising" are not intended to exclude any other technical features, additions, components or steps. Additional objects, advantages and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

The invention and its features will be appreciated and best understood from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of an example of a preferred embodiment, which illustrate, but are not limited to, the following:

figure 1 shows a first stage of a process of arranging a moulding unit for building a beam on site.

Fig. 2 shows how the beam frame is placed on the closing member.

Figure 3 shows a side plate of the moulding unit.

Figure 4 shows the side plates secured.

FIG. 5 shows the placement of the upper closure plate.

Fig. 6 shows a first stage of the demolding process.

Fig. 7 shows the removal of the side panel.

Figure 8 shows a beam constructed in situ.

Fig. 9 shows a cross section of the side plates placed facing each other.

Fig. 10 shows a diagram of the main components constituting the present invention.

Fig. 11 shows how the side panels are fitted into the closure by a series of clips.

Fig. 12 shows an alternative to building the beam on site, but the essence of the invention remains the same.

Fig. 13 shows how the relative position between the side plates is set.

Figure 14 shows an embodiment in which the closure and side plates are secured to the same frame.

Figures 15 and 16 show an embodiment in which the members forming the beam are transported to the building site pre-assembled on the frame.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a horizontal surface (1) in which a closure (2) is arranged and fixed. Once constructed, the closure will coincide with the lower edge of the beam. The lateral edges of the closure have a series of perforations (2.1) and (2.2) arranged longitudinally and facing each other. The beam frame (3) is placed along a central space (2.3) formed between the side edges of the closure (fig. 2).

The horizontal surface (1) may be a continuous panel holding the closures (2) or a longitudinally continuous support holding the closures while placing a separate panel between the closures.

The components forming the moulding unit may also rest on a rotating frame which can be rotated mechanically or manually. The latter system is particularly suitable for the construction of precast beams.

Fig. 3 shows side plates (4) for building beams, which may have, but are not limited to, some face-to-face fastening protrusions (4.1) that fit into each other. These fastening projections are provided so that fitting is performed in the free space left by the girder frame.

The side plates may have different geometries: the general shape for standard beams; a concave shape for building a double T-beam; with face-to-face fastening projections for building the perforated beam.

Fig. 4 shows the side plate fixed vertically to the closure (2). For this purpose, in addition to some fitting elements placed in facing protrusions (4.1), some fastening clips (2.6) are used (fig. 11).

Fig. 5 shows the use of an upper closing plate (5) placed on top of the upper edge of the side plate (4), leaving free space corresponding to the beam. Such closure plates (5) are held by supports (6) placed on the side plates (4).

Such supports (6) may have different shapes depending on the way they are assembled and disassembled. In any case, the upper closure plate needs to be able to be released in the first phase of demoulding.

● A member unlocked by rotation on a vertical axis.

● A member unlocked by rotation on a horizontal axis.

● A laterally removable support.

● A horizontal bar arranged between the side plates (4).

● A rotatable vertical support.

● The support may be a strut or a continuous strip.

As shown in fig. 12, if the closing member (2) is placed under the horizontal plate (1) with the upper edge of the side plate (4) aligned with the horizontal plate (1), the closing plate (5) is not required.

After the moulding units have been set and the wire mesh has been placed, concrete is poured into the remaining hollow space to define the beams, so that horizontal slabs are formed from which the beams emerge parallel to each other.

Figures 6 and 7 show the demolding process. First, the closure (2) is removed, followed by the side plates (4) (fig. 7), resulting in a set of field beams, as shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 9 shows the side panel (4) whose lower edge has a battlement-like shape, in which the merlons (4.2) are aligned with the lateral perforations (2.1) and (2.2) of the closure (2). The inner surface of such merlons (4.2) has rounded edges (4.3) which coincide with the geometry of the longitudinal perforations (2.1) and (2.2).

Due to this geometry, the side plate (4) is fitted into the closure (2) by a swinging movement.

Fig. 10 shows further constructional details, in particular of the closure (2), which has at the ends some fastening portions (2.4) and (2.5) which enable the closure to be lined up. Fig. 5 shows some of the supports (6) as struts, while fig. 10 shows a continuous support plate (6.1).

Fig. 11 shows a series of closing clips (2.6) fixed to the closing element (2) and which fasten the fixed side plate (4) vertically.

Fig. 13 shows how the relative position between the side plates (4) can be set by using some clips (7) which can be fixed to the rods (8) by the side plates (4) to secure the relative position between the rods.

Fig. 14 shows how the closure (2) and the side plate (4) are fixed to the same frame. The elements forming the frame are assembled together by means of some hinge joints (8) so as to form a system that can be mechanized.

Fig. 15 and 16 show an embodiment in which the members forming the beam are transported to the building site in a pre-assembled form on the frame (9). The member (5.1) enables cooperation with the plate (5).

Having thus described the invention in detail and by way of illustration of its structure and operation, it is noted that the invention may, in essence, be carried out in a manner different from that described herein by way of example. In any case, the protection granted hereon applies equally to such other ways, provided that the basic principle of the invention is not changed, altered or modified.

Claims

1. A molding unit for building a beam by means of a rapid assembly system, comprising:

-a set of closures (2) arranged on a horizontal surface;

-a set of side panels (4) fitted and fixed to the closure by fitting merlons (4.2) on the lower edges of the side panels onto perforations (2.1, 2.2) arranged longitudinally along the side edges of the closure (2); the side plate (4) is vertically fixed on the closing part (2) through a clamp; the side plate (4) is provided with a plurality of mutually matched face-to-face fastening protrusions (4.1) and fastening clips (2.6) for assembling components; the clamp (7) is arranged at the relative position between the side plates (4) and is fixed on the hinge joint part (8) through the side plates (4); the merlons (4.2) have rounded edges (4.3) on their inner surface coinciding with the geometry of the longitudinal perforations (2.1, 2.2); the side plates (4) have cavities on their outer surface and supports (6) for the upper closing plate (5) are inserted in such cavities, said supports (6) being of different shapes depending on the way the components are assembled and disassembled.

2. Moulding unit for building beams with a rapid assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that the closure (2) has a longitudinal central space (2.3), the longitudinal central space (2.3) being surrounded by the side edges exhibiting longitudinal perforations (2.1, 2.2).

3. Moulding unit for building beams with the help of a rapid assembly system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closures (2) have some fastening portions (2.4, 2.5) at their ends, the fastening portions (2.4, 2.5) enabling the closures (2) to be lined up.

4. Moulding unit for building beams with the help of a rapid assembly system according to claim 3, characterized in that the support (6) is a continuous support plate (6.1).

5. Moulding unit for building beams with the aid of a rapid assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal surface on which the closures (2) are placed can be a continuous plate holding the closures (2) or a longitudinal support that keeps the closure plates placed one after the other while placing separate plates between the closures (2).

6. Moulding unit for building beams with the aid of a rapid assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that said closures (2) and said side plates (4) are fixed to the same frame.

7. Moulding unit for building beams with the aid of a rapid-assembly system according to claim 6, characterized in that the members that constitute the frame to which the side plates (4) and the closure (2) are fixed are fitted together with the aid of hinge joints (8).