CN112568122A - High-density pressure-measuring yield-selecting ear-selecting multi-outplanting crossbreeding method for wheat - Google Patents
High-density pressure-measuring yield-selecting ear-selecting multi-outplanting crossbreeding method for wheat Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A wheat high-density pressure-measuring ear-selecting multi-time outplanting crossbreeding method aims at simple operation and high selection efficiency; the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out single spike selection on 2 filial generations, carrying out uniform dibbling on selected spike grains in a fixed row length, and carrying out special marking and recording on rows with less emergence of seedlings; observing and recording the agronomic characters of the 3 rd generation of ear rows in the whole growth period; performing single harvest and single threshing on the selected 3-generation ear rows out of the nursery; recording the 3-generation ear-row nursery in the field; the 3-generation ear-row nursery is used for harvesting and measuring yield in the whole area after the single ear is selected; the selected panicles in the 3-generation panicle row garden are actually 5-generation panicles, and the plant height and other agronomic characters are further selected homozygously on the basis of high yield through observation and record; if the plant height of 5 belts and the purity of other agronomic characters are poor, 7 generations of ears are selected to be used as a nursery through a testing and selecting period, and the like until the characters are stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an efficient selection method of wheat hybridization breeding progeny.
Background
The purpose of wheat cross breeding is to select a new variety, and the selection of the new variety is to select a homozygous excellent genotype in a heterozygous population, but the selection probability problem often exists in the excellent genotype selection process. The probability of selecting a good genotype for a hybrid combination is usually 70%, i.e., the genotype we have selected is often not the most good genotype for the combination, mainly the best genotype combination is often lost during the selection process of a single plant (or single ear) at each generation. Li Shiping et al (Shanxi agricultural science, 3 rd year 1999) analyzed density effect of main characters of winter wheat, and the result showed that the number of effective spikes of a population is not the highest under the condition of field sowing density for a variety with many tillers by a single plant under the condition of field sparse sowing, so that a method of selecting a single spike with high density in breeding is proposed in the text to select a variety with high spike forming rate. However, the selection of the earning rate is only carried out, if the yield is selected, the method of measuring the yield for multiple times of outplanting in the early generation is adopted, and the genotype with the highest yield can not be lost due to homozygous selection in the process of homozygous selection of the genotype of filial generations. In the wheat crossbreeding, in addition to the arrangement of the crossbreeding combination, the selection method and the selection efficiency of the filial generation are also main factors of the success of the crossbreeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-density pressure-measuring ear-selecting multi-outplanting crossbreeding method for wheat, which is simple and convenient to operate and high in selection efficiency.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, selecting a central parent and a modified parent according to a breeding target and a principle of parent advantage complementation, and configuring a hybridization combination;
(2) selecting single ears for the 2 generation hybridization, threshing and bagging the single ears indoors, then selecting and eliminating the seeds with the single ears, selecting the seeds with good plumpness, luster and good commodity, and reserving the seeds for next generation sowing;
(3) uniformly dibbling the selected ear row seeds at a fixed row length, investigating the seedling emergence condition in the field, and recording and marking the ear rows lacking seedlings;
(4) observing and recording the agronomic characters of the 3 rd generation of ear row in the full growth period, wherein the recording items comprise emergence rate, overwintering property, green turning period, rising period, seedling character, heading period, plant type, plant height, disease resistance, group flourishing property, later-stage yellow falling, grouting speed, stem elasticity and maturation period; selecting a better ear row for outplanting;
(5) performing single harvest and single threshing on the selected 3 generations of ear rows which are out of the nursery, and selecting the seed properties such as plumpness, gloss, black embryo rate, seed uniformity and the like of the group of seeds; screening the selected ear row progeny seeds by a sieve with the caliber of 7 meshes to screen off very small seeds, weighing 150 g of each ear row seed, and planting the seeds into 6.67m2The yield of the ear-to-row nursery is identified to obtain a 3-generation ear-to-row nursery;
(6) recording the 3-generation ear-row nursery in the field, increasing the effective ear number per unit area on the original basis for the investigation project, selecting ears from the 3-generation ear-row nursery before harvesting the wheat on the basis of field character investigation, selecting 300 single ears from each ear-row nursery according to the field growth vigor, and reserving the single ears for post-treatment;
(7) the 3-generation ear row garden carries out whole-area harvest yield measurement after single ears are selected, single ears selected by the ear row garden are determined to be left and eliminated on the basis of mainly taking the yield and referring to other agronomic characters, about 15 single ears selected by the ear row garden are determined to be left according to comprehensive judgment of the yield and the agronomic characters, and then the selected single ears are processed in the step (4); the single spike selected in the 3-generation spike row garden is planted into a next-generation spike row which is 5-generation spike rows;
(8) the 5-generation ear row observation and recording and the progeny processing method are the same as the step (5), and the plant height and other agronomic characters are further subjected to homozygous selection on the basis of high yield;
(9) if the plant height of 5 generations and the purity of other agronomic characters are still poor, a selection period can be increased by the same method, 7 generations of ears are selected for nursery, and the like until the characters are stable.
The selection period from ear selection to ear row, then to ear row nursery, ear selection and yield measurement is as follows: the method comprises the steps of single spike, spike row garden, spike selection, yield measurement and determination of spike selection retention, wherein one selection measurement period comprises 2 production periods, namely 2 growth years. The efficient selection method of the present invention is shown in fig. 1.
The method is characterized in that single spike mainly looks at seeds, spike rows look at growth vigor (luxuriant property) and spike row garden output, fixed-number seeding is carried out before seeding of the spike rows, each spike row is seeded with 30 seeds, and the seeding length of each spike row is 1.5 meters.
The 2 generation hybrid refers to a plant population formed after seeds generated by 1 generation hybrid plants are sown; the 3 generation ear rows are ear rows formed by single ear seeds selected from the 2 generation hybrid population; the outplanting refers to the yield identification of the selected panicle to be planted into a cell; the 3-generation ear-row nursery is a plot formed by 3-generation ear-row outplanting selected from the field; in the repeated circulation process of the ear row nursery and the ear row nursery, one ear row nursery and one ear row nursery form a selection period; thus, 5 generations of ear-row gardens and 7 generations of ear-row gardens can be selected by multiple times of outplanting, and the rest can be done in the same way. The number of the basic seedlings of the 2 generations of the wheat high-yield breeding hybrid is set to be 15 ten thousand per mu; the seeding method of the ear rows is that the row length is 1.5 meters, and the row grain number is 30 grains; the basic seedlings of the high-generation material in the ear-row nursery are about 20 ten thousand per mu.
Determining single ears of 3-generation outplanted strains according to the yield, determining whether the selected single ears are reserved on the basis of yield measurement, reserving the selected single ears of the strains with relatively high yield, and eliminating the selected single ears of the low-yield ear-row nursery in principle; or the amount of the selected single ears to be reserved is determined according to the yield of the strain, the single ears selected by the strain with higher yield can be reserved more, and the selected single ears in the low-product series nursery can be reserved less or even not. The main agronomic characters recorded by the 3-generation ear-row field identification comprise plant emergence rate, wintering property, green returning period, rising period, seedling character, heading period, plant type, plant height, disease resistance, group reproduction, later yellowing, grouting speed, stalk elasticity and maturation period; and determining whether to outplant on the basis of agronomic trait identification.
The panicle nursery mainly identifies the yield and the yield characters, identifies the characters identified by the panicle nursery at the same time, and determines whether the single panicle selected in the panicle nursery is reserved and the amount of the reserved single panicle in the panicle nursery on the basis of the yield identification by combining with the agronomic character identification. The high-density pressure selection is that compared with the single plant sparse sowing selection, the sowing density is close to the local field sowing density, and generally 22 ten thousand seedlings per mu is taken as the standard. The test selection period refers to a period of yield identification from single ear selection to ear row outplanting and ear row outplanting, and generally comprises 2 production periods.
Compared with the conventional method for outplanting after the final equal plant height and consistent mature period characters of hybrid breeding, the repeated outplanting is characterized in that outplanting yield measurement identification is carried out when the unequal characters are stable, and a single ear is selected in a high-yield nursery to wait for next outplanting identification until the characters are stable.
The invention provides a simple and effective selection method of filial generation, which has the principle that high-yield genotypes can be determined in a high-yield mixed population, and the probability of selecting the high-yield genotypes in the population is high; in contrast, the probability of selecting a high-yielding genotype in a mixed population with low yield is low. The key of the method is as follows: firstly, the selected panicle row field is mainly identified, the agronomic selection is combined with the indoor seed identification, and whether the seeds are outplanted or not is determined; and secondly, the yield of the panicle nursery is mainly identified, and the agronomic characters and indoor seed selection are observed and loaded at the same time to determine whether the selected single panicle is eliminated or retained and the amount of the retained single panicle in the mature period of the panicle nursery. By the selection of the method, the high-yield selection can be achieved in the homozygous selection of the filial generation, and the high-yield selection cannot be lost due to selection of agronomic selection. Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention has the advantages of relatively simple and convenient operation, easy field selection, high selection efficiency and accurate and reliable identification result, and the high-yield genotype cannot be lost due to the homozygous selection of the character among generations, thereby being the character homozygous selection on the basis of keeping high yield. Thus, the finally selected genotype stable line not only stabilizes the agronomic traits, but also maintains the highest yield characteristics of the genotype.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the efficient selection method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a central parent and a modified parent according to a breeding target and a principle of parent advantage complementation, and configuring a hybridization combination;
(2) and single spike selection is carried out on the 2 filial generations, the character separation degree of the 2 filial generations is maximum, and the sowing density of the 2 filial generations is close to the local field sowing density, so that the plant height of the individual filial generations can be fully expressed. In the later stage single ear selection process of the 2 generation hybrid, selecting short plant height, thick and strong stems, long and square ear type, clean leaves, good disease resistance and yellow and good ear falling in the later stage, and performing single harvest and single threshing during harvesting; screening the properties of the recovered single-ear seeds, selecting the single-ear seeds which are full and rich in luster, uniform in size, low in black embryo rate, and eliminating the rest seeds;
(3) and uniformly dibbling the selected ear row seeds at a fixed row length, investigating the seedling emergence condition in the field, and recording and marking the ear rows with less seedling emergence. In order to judge the tillering and heading rate of the ear rows, the fixed grain number seeding is carried out before the seeding of the seeds in the ear rows, each ear row is seeded with 30 grains, and the seeding length of each ear row is 1.5 meters. If the emergence is less than 25 seedlings, the emergence is less, namely the ear rows need to be recorded and marked;
(4) observing and recording the agronomic characters of the sowed 3 rd generation in the full-growth period of the ear rows, wherein the recorded items comprise emergence rate, winterness, green turning period, rising period, seedling characters, heading period, plant type, plant height, disease resistance, population flourishing property, late yellowing, grouting speed, stem elasticity and maturation period; selecting a better ear row for outplanting, and not considering or considering less plant height uniformity;
(5) the selected 3 generations of ear rows which are proposed to be out of the nursery are separately harvested and separated, the group grains are selected according to the grain properties such as plumpness, gloss, black embryo rate and the like, the grains of the offspring of the selected ear rows are screened by a sieve with the caliber of 40mm, very small grains are screened, then each ear row grain is weighed as 150 g, and the grains are planted into 6.67m2The yield of the ear-to-row nursery is identified to obtain a 3-generation ear-to-row nursery;
(6) recording the 3-generation ear-row nursery in the field, increasing the effective ear number per unit area on the original basis for the investigation project, selecting ears from the 3-generation ear-row nursery before harvesting the wheat on the basis of field character investigation, selecting 300 single ears from each ear-row nursery according to the field growth vigor, and reserving the single ears for post-treatment;
(7) the 3 generation ear row nursery is subjected to whole-area harvest yield measurement after single ears are selected, the selected single ears of the ear row nursery are determined to be left and eliminated on the basis of taking the yield as a main reference basis and simultaneously referring to other agronomic characters, the selected single ears of 2-5 ear row nurseries are determined to be left in each combination according to comprehensive judgment of the yield and the agronomic characters, then the selected single ears are subjected to the treatment of the step (1), and the selected single ears of the 3 generation ear row nursery are actually 5 generation ear rows;
(8) the 5-generation ear row observation and recording and the progeny processing method are the same as the step (5), and the plant height and other agronomic characters are further subjected to homozygous selection on the basis of high yield;
(9) if the plant height of 5 generations and the purity of other agronomic characters are poor, 7 generations of panicles can be selected in the same way, and the like until the characters are stable.
The comparison of the method of the invention with the traditional individual plant selection method: in 2009, 12 combinations of Xumai 9169/Shannong 22 and Xumai 9169/Shannong 05-066, namely a traditional sparse sowing single plant selection method and a high-density pressure yield measurement ear selection method, are compared and analyzed, and the results are as follows:
the Lin-Zhen 151 is obtained by breeding by using stone 98-5033 as a female parent and Linfeng 615 as a male parent through an improved pedigree method. The stone 98-5033 is a water-land variety bred by Shijiazhuang farm academy, and has the characteristics of high yield, disease resistance, lodging resistance, strong tillering capacity and high earning rate, and the Linfeng 615 is a short-stalk, large-ear and high-yield water-land high-yield variety bred by wheat of the farm academy of Shanxi province. The combined configuration is completed in 2008, first-filial generation seeds are harvested in 2009, a cross 2 generation cell is planted in the same year, the area of the cell is 10m2, the field sowing density is 22.0 ten thousand/667 m2, single ears are selected before harvest in 2010, the selected single ear parts are selected for 2 times, the disease resistance, the group fertility, the ear type and the like are seen for the first time and marked by tether ropes, and the single ear with yellow fall difference is eliminated after wheat in the field begins to yellow fall. And (4) singly harvesting and removing the selected single spike. After threshing, the seed properties such as seed plumpness, grain color luster, black embryo rate and the like are subjected to primary elimination selection. About 30 grains per ear grain are selected before sowing to prepare sowing, but the grain number of each ear row to be sowed is consistent, namely the grain number is fixed, so that the tillering force and the luxuriance of the ear rows can be observed and analyzed. In 2011, 3 generations of panicles are observed and recorded, a luxuriant panicle row is selected to be outplanted, the panicle row is planted into an outplanted strain cell in the same year, before the cell in 2012 is harvested, each panicle nursery cell is selected to be 100 plus 300 ears, the yield is measured during harvesting in the whole area, single ears selected in a high-yield cell are retained, single ears selected in a low-yield cell are eliminated, and thus, the yield is measured in one panicle row and one panicle row outplanted cell, and a selection period is formed. The filial generation of the line-to-ground 151 is subjected to 2 selection cycles, the single ear of the last cycle is actually 5 generations, and the ear line of the line-to-line-to-ground 13-7058 in the outplanted line performs best. The line has excellent performance, and has the advantages of parents, half-winter property, plant height of 80-85 cm, dark green leaf color, strong growth vigor, compact plant shape, good disease resistance, high ear forming rate, excellent late-stage yellow fall and high yield and early maturity.
The method is applied in 2015 to participate in a middle-maturing winter wheat area test in south of Shanxi province, and the average yield of 7 test points is 6752.8-9122.7 kg/hm in 2015-2016 years2And compared with a control (Liangxing 99), the yield of all the 7 test points is increased by 1.5-7.7%. In 12 reference varietiesOf which 1 test point is ranked 3 rd, 3 test points are ranked 4 th, and the other 3 test points are ranked 5 th. The 2016-2017 year performance shows that there are 9 tested varieties and 8 test points in the year. The yield of 8 test points near the 151 of the research is increased compared with that of the control group, and the variation range of the yield is 7484.3kg/hm2～10701.0kg/hm2The yield increase rate is 0.9-10.5% compared with the contrast, and the yield increase rate is 6.3% compared with the contrast on average. From the yield ranking of the clinical study 151 in the area test, 1 out of 8 test points, the new magenta test point, ranked as 1 st, the 2 nd test point, the 3 rd test points, the 5 th test point, and the 7 th test point, were ranked in the salt lake and the ze. From the yield structure of the year, the average hectare has the effective spike number of 749.7 ten thousand, the spike grain number of 32.9 grains and the thousand grain mass of 40.7g, and is a typical multi-spike type high-yield variety. The clinical research 151 was approved by the shanxi province crop variety approval committee in 2019, and the approval name is: face research 151, examine number: jin gan mai 20190002. The breeding of the variety shows that the configuration of the combination lays a foundation for the selection of high-yield strains on one hand, and the improvement of the selection method of filial generation, namely a high-density pressure-measuring yield-selecting ear-selecting multi-time outplanting method, plays a great role on the other hand.
Example 2:
the breeding process of the new wheat strain-temporary breeding 18 is the same as that of the example 1, and the yield performance is also better.
In 2009, 150 parts of hybrid combination with Jimai 22, Liangxing 66, Yannong 19, Shannong 22, Lumai 14, Linfen 615 and the like as central parents is completed, modified parents are better represented by Xumai 9169 (full seeds, good grain color, good yellow field fall), Jinan 2006305 (short stalk, good seeds), Jifeng 703 (short stalk, good seeds) and the like, and 2010 is planted in a high-density 2 generation garden to observe the luxuriant performance of the group. The second generation of the combined Xumai 9169/Shannong 22 shows that the panicle is large, the stem is strong, the colony is yellow and the like, about 300 panicles are selected in 2011, harvesting is performed, single harvest and threshing are performed, seeds are selected and screened, nearly 192 panicle seed panicle rows are reserved in the next year, 30 seeds are planted in each panicle row in the same 3-generation panicle row, the row length is 1.5 m, 192 panicle rows are observed and recorded in 2012, preferably 46 panicle rows are selected to be taken out of the nursery, and finally 28 panicle rows are determined to be subjected to next-year panicle garden production testing and identification. And field observation is carried out before harvest in 2013 to determine the quantity of the selected ears of each ear row garden, so that more selection is performed with good performance, and less selection is performed with poor performance. The variation range of the number of the single ears in different ear row gardens is 100-300, and the single ears selected by the community are reserved or eliminated according to the actual yield of the community after harvesting. Thus, the 1 st selection period is completed, then the 2 nd selection period is carried out in the same way, after the 2 nd selection period is finished, some progeny characters are basically consistent, wherein the plot of the panicle 14-6169 with the best yield and the best agronomic characters is best in 2015, namely the outplanting name is the near research 6169, the name is used for participating in the variety comparison test in the plot, and the near research 6169 is increased by 12.6% in the quality comparison test compared with the good star 99.
In 2017 plus 2018, a variety name of Lingyu 18 (Lingyu 6169) participates in a water-land-to-ground ratio test of the Huang-Huai-North tablet in China, 21 points are summarized, 18 points increase the yield, 3 points reduce the yield, the yield increase rate is 85.7 percent, and the average yield is 7516.5kg/hm2The yield of the test strain is increased by 5.54 percent compared with that of the control economic wheat 22, and the 1 st of 14 reference varieties are used. 2018-plus-year 2019-year-old Huang-Huai-Bei sheet water-land wheat variety comparison G group test, 23-point summary, 23-point yield increase, 0-point yield reduction, 100% yield increase rate and average yield of 9376.5kg/hm2And the yield is increased by 7.26 percent compared with that of the control economic wheat 22, and the 1 st of 12 reference varieties in the group. In 2019, the test in the water and land area of the national Huang-Huai-Bei tablet is participated. The 1 st year of the year 2019 and 2020, and the result of the district test is the average yield of 8634.0kg/hm2Compared with the control economic wheat 22, the yield is increased by 5.46 percent, and is very obvious, and the 1 st of 13 reference varieties exist. The 21 points are summarized, the yield increasing rate is 95.2 percent, the 20 points increase more than or equal to 2 percent compared with the control economical wheat 22, and the yield increasing rate is more than or equal to 2 percent compared with the control economical wheat 22, and the point rate is 95.2 percent. The yield of a reference group is the first in 18 continuous years, wherein the improvement of the hybrid progeny selection method, namely a high-density yield measurement and spike selection multiple outplanting method plays a crucial role in the breeding of high-yield varieties, and the method is efficient and feasible for screening progeny materials in high-yield breeding.
Claims (9)
1. A wheat high-density pressure-measuring ear-selecting multi-outplanting crossbreeding method is characterized in that:
(1) firstly, selecting a central parent and a modified parent according to a breeding target and a principle of parent advantage complementation, and configuring a hybridization combination;
(2) selecting single ears for the 2 generation hybridization, threshing and bagging the single ears indoors, then eliminating and selecting the seeds with the single ears, and selecting the seeds with good plumpness, luster and good commodity as next generation sowing;
(3) uniformly dibbling the selected ear row seeds at a fixed row length, investigating the seedling emergence condition in the field, and recording and marking the ear rows lacking seedlings;
(4) observing and recording the agronomic characters of the 3 rd generation ear row full growth period, wherein the recording items comprise emergence rate, overwintering property, green turning period, rising period, seedling character, heading period, plant type, plant height, disease resistance, group flourishing property, later-stage yellow falling, grouting speed, stem elasticity and maturation period; selecting a better ear row for outplanting;
(5) performing single harvest and single threshing on the selected 3 generations of ear rows which are out of the nursery, and selecting the seed properties of plumpness, gloss, black embryo rate and seed uniformity of the group of seeds; screening the selected ear row progeny seeds by a sieve with the caliber of 7 meshes to screen off very small seeds, weighing 150 g of each ear row seed, and planting the seeds into 6.67m2The yield of the ear-to-row nursery is identified to obtain a 3-generation ear-to-row nursery;
(6) recording the 3-generation ear-row nursery in the field, increasing the effective ear number per unit area on the original basis for the investigation project, selecting ears from the 3-generation ear-row nursery before harvesting the wheat on the basis of field character investigation, selecting 300 single ears from each ear-row nursery according to the field growth vigor, and reserving the single ears for post-treatment;
(7) the 3-generation ear row garden carries out whole-area harvest yield measurement after single ears are selected, single ears selected by the ear row garden are determined to be left and eliminated on the basis of mainly taking the yield and referring to other agronomic characters, selected single ears of 10-20 ear row gardens are determined to be left according to comprehensive judgment of the yield and the agronomic characters, and then the selected single ears are processed in the step (2); the single spike selected in the 3-generation spike row garden is planted into a next-generation spike row which is 5-generation spike rows;
(8) the 5-generation ear row observation and recording and the progeny processing method are the same as the step (5), and the plant height and other agronomic characters are further subjected to homozygous selection on the basis of high yield;
if the plant height of the 5 generations of panicles and the purity of other agronomic characters are poor, 7 generations of panicles can be selected in the same way, and the rest can be done until the characters are stable.
2. The method for the multi-time outplanting hybridization breeding of the wheat high-density yield measurement and selection ears of claim 1, wherein the 2-generation hybridization refers to a plant population formed after seeds generated by the 1-generation hybridization plants are sown; the 3 generation ear rows are ear rows formed by single ear seeds selected from the 2 generation hybrid population; the outplanting refers to the yield identification of the selected panicle to be planted into a cell; the 3-generation ear-row nursery is a plot formed by 3-generation ear-row outplanting selected from the field; in the repeated circulation process of the ear row nursery and the ear row nursery, one ear row nursery and one ear row nursery form a selection period; thus, 5 generations of ear-row gardens and 7 generations of ear-row gardens can be selected by multiple times of outplanting, and the rest can be done in the same way.
3. The method for multiple outplanting hybridization breeding of wheat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outplanting line of 3 generations is subjected to single ear determination according to the yield, whether the selected single ear is preserved or not is determined on the basis of yield determination, the selected single ear in the line with relatively high yield is preserved, and the selected single ear in the low-yield ear row garden is eliminated in principle; or the amount of the selected single ears to be reserved is determined according to the yield of the strain, the single ears selected by the strain with higher yield can be reserved more, and the selected single ears in the low-product series nursery can be reserved less or even not.
4. The wheat high-density pressure-measuring ear-selection multi-outplanting hybridization breeding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the main agronomic traits recorded in the 3-generation ear-row field identification include plant emergence rate, winterness, green turning stage, growing stage, seedling traits, heading stage, plant type, plant height, disease resistance, population flourishing property, later-stage yellow falling, filling rate, stem elasticity and maturation stage; and determining whether to outplant on the basis of agronomic trait identification.
5. The method for the multi-time outplanting hybridization breeding of the wheat high-density yield measurement and selection ears as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the ear-row nursery mainly identifies the yield and the yield traits, simultaneously identifies the traits identified by ear rows, and determines whether the selected single ear is preserved and the amount of the single ear preserved in the ear-row nursery based on the yield identification and the agronomic trait identification.
6. The method for the multiple outplanting hybridization breeding of the wheat high-density pressure-measuring yield-selecting ears of the wheat as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the basic seedlings of the 2 generations of the high-yield breeding hybridization of the wheat is set to 15 ten thousand per mu; the seeding method of the ear rows is that the row length is 1.5 meters, and the row grain number is 30 grains; the basic seedlings of the high-generation material in the ear-row nursery are about 20 ten thousand per mu.
7. The method for the multi-outplanting hybridization breeding of the wheat high-density yield-measuring ear-selecting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-density selection is that the sowing density is close to the local field sowing density of a single plant selected by sparse sowing of the plants, and is generally based on 22 ten thousand seedlings per mu.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the selection period is a period identified from single ear selection to ear row outplanting, and the period generally comprises 2 production periods.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multiple outplanting is outplanting yield-measuring identification when the character is not constant, and selecting single ear in high-yield nursery waits for next outplanting identification until the character is stable, compared with the traditional hybridization breeding method in which the character is stable after the last plant height and maturity character are consistent.
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