CN112556741B - Accurate calibration system and method suitable for temperature and humidity sensor of transformer substation - Google Patents

Accurate calibration system and method suitable for temperature and humidity sensor of transformer substation Download PDF

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CN112556741B
CN112556741B CN202011349801.0A CN202011349801A CN112556741B CN 112556741 B CN112556741 B CN 112556741B CN 202011349801 A CN202011349801 A CN 202011349801A CN 112556741 B CN112556741 B CN 112556741B
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temperature
humidity
module
deviation
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CN112556741A (en
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宁进荣
黄砺钧
李青
陈乐�
张九天
陆镛
梁瑜萍
陈丽萍
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Yulin Power Supply Bureau of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
    • G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
    • G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means

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Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the temperature and humidity acquisition system comprises an MCU main control module, a switch module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a power supply module and a setting module; the temperature and humidity acquisition module acquires the temperature and the humidity in the device in real time; the MCU main control module transmits the acquired temperature and humidity values to a display screen for display; the switch module controls the starting and stopping of the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through an electronic switch; the setting module is used for setting temperature and humidity parameter values in an operation mode; the power module supplies voltage to each module circuit through AC/DC conversion. According to the invention, the temperature and humidity values are changed, and the temperature and humidity accuracy response time of the temperature and humidity sensor under the condition of linear temperature and humidity change is calibrated, so that the temperature and humidity accuracy calibration of a fixed position of a transformer substation is solved, and an effective criterion is provided for the failure problem of the temperature and humidity sensor of the transformer substation.

Description

Accurate calibration system and method suitable for temperature and humidity sensor of transformer substation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of calibration, in particular to a system and a method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation.
Background
The humiture detection of transformer substation is used extensively, often lacks suitable detection means to the humiture detection of transformer substation fixed position, for example the terminal box of transformer substation is in outdoor operation, often needs to remove damp dehumidification control. How to measure the temperature and humidity accuracy of the temperature and humidity device in the terminal box of the transformer substation, whether the temperature and humidity device reaches a threshold value to start working, a reasonable and quick detection means is lacked, and a certain value is set only by manpower to carry out an individual test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an accurate calibration system and method suitable for a transformer substation temperature and humidity sensor.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an accurate calibration system suitable for a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation, where the system includes: the temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises an MCU main control module, a switch module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a power supply module and a setting module;
the temperature and humidity acquisition module acquires the temperature and the humidity in the device in real time;
the MCU main control module transmits the acquired temperature and humidity values to a display screen for display;
the switch module controls the start and stop of the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through an electronic switch;
the setting module is used for setting temperature and humidity parameter values in an operation mode;
the power supply module provides voltage for each module circuit through AC/DC conversion;
and calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor according to the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test chamber.
The MCU host system includes: the collected temperature and humidity are compared with the temperature and humidity set by the setting module, and the PID algorithm is used for controlling the switch module to start and stop the heating element, the humidifier and the air blower, so that intelligent control is realized.
The PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity;
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to serve as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter or no heating working time of the controlled object is caused by inputting a control signal;
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003896115200000021
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal;
integral formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000022
differential control: the output of the controller is in direct proportion to the differential of the input deviation signal;
differential formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000023
PID algorithm: PIDout = Pout + Iout + Dout
Figure GDA0003896115200000024
The power module adopts an AC220V power supply to supply power.
The MCU master control module is a Cortex-M3 kernel and an STM32F103RCT6 type processor.
A method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation comprises the following steps:
placing a measured temperature and humidity sensor in a temperature and humidity data box, and reading the internal temperature and humidity of each point balanced temperature and humidity data box;
setting temperature and humidity, and changing the temperature and the humidity through a PID algorithm to obtain a reading control state of a temperature and humidity sensor under linear change;
and calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor according to the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test chamber.
The PID algorithm changes temperature and humidity, and comprises the following steps: the PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity, and the start and stop of a heater, a humidifier and a blower are controlled;
data sequence of all sample points of the sensor since power-on:
X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、…、X k-2 、X k-1 、X k
three aspects of information can be mined by analyzing the data sequence of the sampling points:
Figure GDA0003896115200000031
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003896115200000032
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to serve as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter the heating working time of the controlled object is or the controlled object is not heated by inputting a control signal;
historical deviation sequence:
E 1 、E 2 、E 3 、…、E k-2 、E k-1 、E k
Figure GDA0003896115200000033
integral formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000034
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal. As long as the steady state deviation exists, the output of the regulator can be changed continuously until the deviation value is 0;
the most recent two deviations are subtracted:
Figure GDA0003896115200000035
differential formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000036
in the differential control, the output of the controller is in a direct proportion to the differential of the input deviation signal; the overshoot is reduced and an effective early correction signal can be introduced into the system before the value of the deviation signal becomes too large, thereby speeding up the system operation and reducing the settling time. Derivative control reflects the rate of change of the deviation and only when the deviation changes over time will it act on the system and not on an unchanged or slowly changing object. Therefore, the differential control cannot be used in series with the controlled object alone in any case;
and (3) PID algorithm control: PID out ＝P out +I out +D out
Figure GDA0003896115200000041
The invention provides a system and a method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation, which are used for setting temperature and humidity values in any linear change environment, performing a linear change test on the temperature and humidity sensor, observing a reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change test of the temperature and humidity sensor, and calibrating the accuracy response time of the temperature and humidity under the linear change of the temperature and humidity, so that the calibration of the temperature and humidity accuracy of a fixed position of the transformer substation is solved, and an effective criterion is provided for the failure problem of the temperature and humidity sensor of the transformer substation.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an accurate calibration system suitable for a transformer substation temperature and humidity sensor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an accurate calibration method suitable for a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an accurate calibration system suitable for a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation.
An accurate calibration system suitable for a transformer substation temperature and humidity sensor comprises: the temperature and humidity acquisition system comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) main control module 101, a switch module 102, a temperature and humidity acquisition module 103, a power supply module 104 and a setting module 105;
the temperature and humidity acquisition module 103 acquires the temperature and humidity in the device in real time;
the MCU main control module 101 transmits the acquired temperature and humidity values to a display screen for display;
the switch module 102 controls the start and stop of the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through an electronic switch;
the setting module 105 is used for setting the temperature and humidity parameter values in an operation mode;
the power supply module 104 supplies voltage to each module circuit by AC/DC conversion.
The MCU master control module 101 includes: the collected temperature and humidity are compared with the temperature and humidity set by the setting module, and the switch module 102 is controlled to start and stop the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through a PID algorithm, so that intelligent control is realized.
The PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity;
data sequence for all sample points of the sensor since power on:
X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、…、X k-2 、X k-1 、X k
three aspects of information can be mined by analyzing the data sequence of the sampling points:
Figure GDA0003896115200000051
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003896115200000052
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to serve as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter or no heating working time of the controlled object is caused by inputting a control signal; for example, one control period of the heating sheet is T, the pwm waveform controls on and off of the circuit, and the pwm waveform has a longer effective level holding time as the output signal Pout is larger, and vice versa. The proportional control is to output a control signal according to the proportional magnitude of the current deviation value.
Historical deviation sequence:
E 1 、E 2 、E 3 、…、E k-2 、E k-1 、E k
Figure GDA0003896115200000053
integral formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000054
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal. As long as a steady state deviation exists, the regulator output will continue to change until the deviation value is 0. However, when the historical integral value is 0, it is proved that there is no error in the system in history, but there is no guarantee that there is no error currently. The integral action can eliminate the residual error generated by pure proportional control, but the stability of the system is necessarily reduced. The strength of the integral action depends on the integral time constant Ti, and the larger the Ti is, the weaker the integral action is, and the stronger the integral action is.
The last two deviations are subtracted:
Figure GDA0003896115200000061
differential formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000062
in the differential control, the output of the controller is in a proportional relationship with the differential of the input deviation signal (i.e., the rate of change of the deviation). The overshoot can be reduced and an effective early correction signal can be introduced into the system before the value of the deviation signal becomes too large, thereby speeding up the operation of the system and reducing the adjustment time. The derivative control reflects the rate of change of the deviation and is only active on the system when the deviation changes over time and not on an unchanged or slowly changing object. The differential control alone cannot be used in series with the controlled object in any case.
PIDThe algorithm is as follows: PID out ＝P out +I out +D out
Figure GDA0003896115200000063
The power module 104 is powered by an AC220V power supply.
The MCU main control module 101 is a processor with a Cortex-M3 kernel and an STM32F103RCT6 model.
The invention provides an accurate calibration system suitable for a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation, which is used for setting temperature and humidity values in any linear change environment, carrying out a temperature and humidity environment linear change test on the temperature and humidity sensor, observing a reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the temperature and humidity environment linear change test, and calibrating the accuracy response time of the temperature and humidity under the condition of linear temperature and humidity change.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an accurate calibration method suitable for a transformer substation temperature and humidity sensor.
A method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation comprises the following steps:
s201, a measured temperature and humidity sensor is placed in a temperature and humidity data box, and the internal temperature and humidity of each point of the temperature and humidity data box are read. The measured temperature and humidity sensor is placed in a temperature and humidity data box, the temperature and humidity inside the temperature and humidity data box are collected in real time through a temperature and humidity collecting module 103, and data are uploaded to an MCU (micro control unit) main control module 101.
S202, temperature and humidity are set, and the temperature and the humidity are changed through a PID algorithm to obtain the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change. The PID algorithm changes the temperature and the humidity and comprises the following steps: the PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity, and the start and stop of a heater, a humidifier and a blower are controlled;
data sequence for all sample points of the sensor since power on:
X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、…、X k-2 、X k-1 、X k
three aspects of information can be mined by analyzing the data sequence of the sampling points:
Figure GDA0003896115200000071
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003896115200000072
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to serve as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter the heating working time of the controlled object is or the controlled object is not heated by inputting a control signal;
historical deviation sequence:
E 1 、E 2 、E 3 、…、E k-2 、E k-1 、E k
Figure GDA0003896115200000073
integral formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000074
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal. As long as the steady state deviation exists, the output of the regulator can be changed continuously until the deviation value is 0;
the last two deviations are subtracted:
Figure GDA0003896115200000081
differential formula:
Figure GDA0003896115200000082
in the differential control, the output of the controller is in a direct proportion to the differential of the input deviation signal;
and (3) PID algorithm control: PID out ＝P out +I out +D out
Figure GDA0003896115200000083
S203, calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor according to the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test chamber. And observing the reading control state of the sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test box, and calibrating the accuracy response time of the temperature and humidity under the linear temperature and humidity change condition.
The invention provides a system and a method suitable for accurate calibration of a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation, which are used for setting temperature and humidity values in any linear change environment, performing a linear change test on the temperature and humidity sensor, observing a reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change test of the temperature and humidity sensor, and calibrating the accuracy response time of the temperature and humidity under the linear change of the temperature and humidity, so that the calibration of the temperature and humidity accuracy of a fixed position of the transformer substation is solved, and an effective criterion is provided for the failure problem of the temperature and humidity sensor of the transformer substation.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware that is related to instructions of a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: read Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic or optical disks, and the like.
In addition, the accurate calibration system and method suitable for the temperature and humidity sensor of the transformer substation provided by the embodiment of the invention are introduced in detail, a specific example is adopted to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core concept of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An accurate calibration system suitable for a temperature and humidity sensor of a transformer substation is characterized by comprising: the temperature and humidity acquisition system comprises an MCU main control module, a switch module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a power supply module and a setting module;
the temperature and humidity acquisition module acquires the temperature and the humidity in the device in real time;
the MCU main control module transmits the acquired temperature and humidity values to a display screen for display;
the switch module controls the start and stop of the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through an electronic switch;
the setting module is used for setting temperature and humidity parameter values in an operation mode;
the power supply module is converted into each module circuit through AC/DC to provide voltage;
calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor according to the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test chamber;
the MCU main control module comprises:
the collected temperature and humidity are compared with the temperature and humidity set by the setting module, and the switch module is controlled to start and stop the heating element, the humidifier and the blower through a PID algorithm, so that intelligent control is realized;
the PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity;
data sequence for all sample points of the sensor since power on:
X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、…、X k-2 、X k-1 、X k
three aspects of information can be mined by analyzing the data sequence of the sampling points:
Figure FDA0003896115190000011
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003896115190000012
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to be used as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter the heating working time of the controlled object is or the controlled object is not heated by inputting a control signal;
historical deviation sequence:
E 1 、E 2 、E 3 、…、E k-2 、E k-1 、E k
Figure FDA0003896115190000021
integral formula:
Figure FDA0003896115190000022
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; when the deviation value is less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal, and as long as the steady-state deviation exists, the output of the regulator can be continuously changed until the deviation value is 0;
the last two deviations are subtracted:
Figure FDA0003896115190000023
differential formula:
Figure FDA0003896115190000024
in the differential control, the output of the controller is in a direct proportion to the differential of the input deviation signal; the overshoot can be reduced, and an effective early correction signal can be introduced into the system before the value of the deviation signal becomes too large, so that the action speed of the system is accelerated, and the adjustment time is reduced; differential control reflects the rate of change of the deviation, and only when the deviation changes over time will it act on the system and not on an unchanged or slowly changing object; therefore, the differential control cannot be used in series with the controlled object alone in any case;
and (3) PID algorithm control: PID out ＝P out +I out +D out
Figure FDA0003896115190000025
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the power module is powered using an AC220V power supply.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the MCU master control module is a Cortex-M3 core, STM32F103RCT6 model processor.
4. The accurate calibration method suitable for the temperature and humidity sensor of the transformer substation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a temperature and humidity sensor to be measured in a temperature and humidity data box, and reading the internal temperature and humidity of each point balanced temperature and humidity data box;
setting temperature and humidity, and changing the temperature and the humidity through a PID algorithm to obtain the reading control state of the temperature and humidity sensor under linear change;
calibrating the temperature and humidity sensor according to the reading control state of the sensor under the linear change of the temperature and humidity environment in the test chamber;
the MCU master control module compares the acquired temperature and humidity with the temperature and humidity set by the setting module, and controls the start and stop of the heating element, the humidifier and the blower by the PID algorithm control switch module to realize intelligent control;
the PID algorithm is combined with proportional calculation, integral calculation and differential calculation to calculate and adjust the temperature and the humidity, and the start and stop of a heater, a humidifier and a blower are controlled;
data sequence of all sample points of the sensor since power-on:
X 1 、X 2 、X 3 、…、X k-2 、X k-1 、X k
three aspects of information can be mined by analyzing the data sequence of the sampling points:
Figure FDA0003896115190000031
the proportion formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003896115190000032
and (3) proportional control: if the difference value is larger, the deviation between the actual value and the set value is larger, the deviation value is multiplied by a coefficient value to be used as the input quantity of the system, and the output signal enables the conduction heating time of the circuit to be longer; the smaller the deviation value is, the shorter the heating working time of the controlled object is or the controlled object is not heated by inputting a control signal;
historical deviation sequence:
E 1 、E 2 、E 3 、…、E k-2 、E k-1 、E k
Figure FDA0003896115190000033
integral formula:
Figure FDA0003896115190000034
integral control: when the integral result of the historical deviation value is greater than 0, the regulator outputs a stronger signal; when the deviation value is less than 0, the regulator outputs a weaker signal, and as long as the steady-state deviation exists, the output of the regulator can be continuously changed until the deviation value is 0;
the most recent two deviations are subtracted:
Figure FDA0003896115190000041
differential formula:
Figure FDA0003896115190000042
in the differential control, the output of the controller is in a direct proportion relation with the differential of the input deviation signal; the overshoot can be reduced, and an effective early correction signal can be introduced into the system before the value of the deviation signal becomes too large, so that the action speed of the system is accelerated, and the adjustment time is reduced; differential control reflects the rate of change of the deviation, and only when the deviation changes over time will it act on the system and not on an unchanged or slowly changing object; therefore, the differential control alone cannot be used in series with the controlled object in any case;
and (3) PID algorithm control: PID out ＝P out +I out +D out
Figure FDA0003896115190000043
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