CN112552114A - Soil conditioner for strawberry planting and soil conditioning method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for strawberry planting and soil conditioning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for strawberry planting and a soil conditioning method thereof, relating to the technical field of soil conditioning, wherein the soil conditioner is composed of the following raw materials by weight percent: 20-40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40-60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5-15% of mineral fertilizer and 10-30% of multifunctional microbial agent. The soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is a formula product integrating five effects of an organic fertilizer, a microbial agent, a soil conditioner, a medium trace element fertilizer and a biological stimulator, can promote the decomposition of soil organic matters, form a soil granular structure, improve a physical structure of soil, facilitate the construction of a healthy soil ecosystem, solve the problem of continuous cropping of strawberry soil, increase the yield of strawberries, improve the quality of the strawberries and improve the flavor of the strawberries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil conditioner for strawberry planting and a soil improvement method thereof.
Background
Strawberry is one of the most popular fruits due to its beautiful appearance, bright red color, fragrant flavor, sour and sweet taste and rich nutrition. In strawberry cultivation, particularly in a facility greenhouse, two or more years of continuous cultivation is found, the growth vigor is gradually weakened, the plant diseases and insect pests tend to be serious, the yield, the quality and the flavor of the strawberries are seriously reduced, and the root cause of the problems is soil continuous cropping obstacle (also called 'continuous cropping obstacle').
The soil is the most basic production data of agriculture and the foundation for developing planting, and the soil fertility determines the quality of the growth of crops and directly influences the yield and the quality of the crops. Due to an unreasonable planting management mode, soil is seriously degraded and hardened, the structure is deteriorated, the content of nutrient elements is unbalanced, a soil micro-ecosystem is unbalanced, soil-borne diseases and root diseases are easy to occur, and further the yield and the quality of crops are seriously reduced.
The continuous cropping obstacle is essentially caused by deterioration of physical and chemical properties of soil, soil hardening and deterioration of micro-ecological environment, namely excessive pursuit of yield, soil hardening and structural deterioration caused by a fertilizer and farming management mode, and continuous cropping enables the micro-ecological environment of strawberry rhizosphere to be changed to the direction which is beneficial to increase of pathogen population and reduction of root disease resistance.
The common method for solving the strawberry continuous cropping obstacle comprises the following steps: 1. a high-temperature disinfection method, which utilizes solar energy to disinfect at high temperature to prevent continuous cropping diseases, turns the crushed crop straws, organic fertilizers and the like into soil after the soil is deeply turned over in 7-8 months with the highest temperature every year, covers the soil for 30-50 days by using a film, and carries out high-temperature sterilization; 2. chemical disinfection, which is to fumigate and sterilize the soil by using chemical agents (methyl bromide, ethylene oxide and the like); 3. the physical method and the soil-requisition method are characterized in that healthy soil in other areas is mixed into soil with continuous cropping obstacles; 4. the biological method is characterized in that beneficial microorganisms or antagonistic bacteria are added to prevent and treat continuous cropping obstacles caused by autotoxicity and root soil-borne diseases.
However, the high temperature disinfection method requires the addition of exogenous carbon sources, such as organic fertilizers and crop straws, and if the organic fertilizers which are not thoroughly decomposed or are not thoroughly decomposed are used, secondary pollution, including heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms, is easily caused. Soil fumigation is carried out by utilizing a large amount of chemical agents, although soil-borne diseases can be prevented and treated, serious environmental pollution can be caused, and the 'fumigation' can not only cause the chemical agents to diffuse through steam, but also remain in the soil to cause secondary pollution to the soil, so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil are further deteriorated, and the fertility is reduced. The soil improvement by the soil-bearing method requires a large amount of manpower and material resources, the improvement cost is too high, and the operability is poor. The biological method for improving the soil has the problems that a large amount of exogenous functional microorganisms are required to be added, so that the original organic matters of the soil are greatly consumed, a large amount of mineralization loss of the organic matters of the soil is caused, and the soil is degraded if the organic matters cannot be supplemented in time.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a soil conditioner for strawberry planting and a soil conditioning method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the existing method for strawberry continuous cropping obstacle is easy to cause secondary pollution, high in conditioning cost, poor in operability, easy to cause soil degradation and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to the first aspect of the invention, the soil conditioner for strawberry cultivation is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40-60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5-15% of mineral fertilizer and 10-30% of multifunctional microbial agent.
Further, the soil conditioner is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40-60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5-10% of mineral fertilizer and 10-15% of multifunctional microbial agent.
Further, the preparation method of the earthworm fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing and kneading the collected garden waste by using a dual biological method, fermenting for 30 days, inoculating earthworms for digestion and degradation, and obtaining the earthworm fertilizer after 60-80 days.
Further, the technical indexes of the earthworm fertilizer are as follows: organic matter content of 45% or more, total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.5-7.5, water content<30% of biostimulant>2％。
Further, the preparation method of the organic source soil conditioner comprises the following specific steps: screening the kitchen and kitchen waste by using a biological reinforced humification technology, removing non-organic impurities, performing dry-wet separation, uniformly mixing dry matters obtained by separation with straw waste and a biological humic acid conversion agent, and performing high-temperature aerobic fermentation for 10-14 hours to obtain the organic source soil conditioner.
Further, the technical indexes of the organic source soil conditioner are as follows: not less than 75% of organic matter, not less than 20% of easily-oxidized organic matter and total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.0-8.0, water content<12％。
Furthermore, the mineral fertilizer is prepared by crushing and activating natural ores, and the main technical indexes are as follows: CaO is more than or equal to 8.0 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 1.0 percent, Fe + Mn + B + Zn is more than or equal to 0.2 percent, and pH is 6.5-7.5.
Further, the multifunctional microbial agent comprises one or more of streptomyces microflavus, bacillus, yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent is not less than 50 hundred million/g.
Further, the technical indexes of the soil conditioner are as follows: the organic matter is not less than 60 percent, the easily-oxidized organic matter is not less than 15 percent, the pH value is 6.0-8.0, the water content is less than 20 percent, the effective viable count is not less than 5 hundred million/g, the CaO is not less than 8.0 percent, the MgO is not less than 1.0 percent, the Fe + Mn + B + Zn is not less than 0.2 percent, and the bio-stimulant is greater than 1 percent.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a soil improvement method for strawberry cultivation, the soil improvement method comprising the steps of:
s1: after seedling pulling of the strawberries, soil sampling is carried out and physical and chemical indexes are measured;
s2: determining the formula of the soil conditioner according to the content of organic matters and nutrient elements in the soil;
s3: uniformly spreading the determined soil conditioner on the surface of soil, and deeply ploughing by using a rotary cultivator to fully and uniformly mix the soil conditioner and the soil;
s4: biologically covering the greenhouse for 10-15 days after watering;
s5: ridging and planting the strawberries.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a soil conditioner for strawberry planting, which is a formula product integrating five effects of an organic fertilizer, a microbial agent, a soil conditioner, a medium trace element fertilizer and a biostimulant.
The soil improvement method for strawberry planting is simple and easy to implement and suitable for wide popularization.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A soil conditioner for strawberry planting is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40% of organic source soil conditioner, 10% of mineral fertilizer and 10% of multifunctional microbial agent.
The preparation method of the earthworm fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing and kneading the collected garden waste by using a dual biological method, fermenting for 30 days, inoculating earthworms for digestion and degradation, and obtaining the earthworm fertilizer after 60-80 days.
The technical indexes of the earthworm fertilizer are as follows: organic matter content of 45% or more, total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.5-7.5, water content<30% of biostimulant>2％。
The preparation method of the organic source soil conditioner comprises the following steps: screening the kitchen and kitchen waste by using a biological reinforced humification technology, removing non-organic impurities, performing dry-wet separation, uniformly mixing dry matters obtained by separation with straw waste and a biological humic acid conversion agent, and performing high-temperature aerobic fermentation for 10-14 hours to obtain the organic source soil conditioner.
The technical indexes of the organic source soil conditioner are as follows: not less than 75% of organic matter, not less than 20% of easily-oxidized organic matter and total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.0-8.0, water content<12％。
The mineral fertilizer is prepared by crushing and activating natural ores, and has the main technical indexes that: CaO is more than or equal to 8.0 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 1.0 percent, Fe + Mn + B + Zn is more than or equal to 0.2 percent, and pH is 6.5-7.5.
The multifunctional microbial agent comprises one or more of streptomyces microflavus, bacillus, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent is not less than 50 hundred million/g.
The technical indexes of the soil conditioner are as follows: the organic matter is not less than 60 percent, the easily-oxidized organic matter is not less than 15 percent, the pH value is 6.0-8.0, the water content is less than 20 percent, the effective viable count is not less than 5 hundred million/g, the CaO is not less than 8.0 percent, the MgO is not less than 1.0 percent, the Fe + Mn + B + Zn is not less than 0.2 percent, and the bio-stimulant is greater than 1 percent.
Example 2
A soil conditioner for strawberry planting is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of earthworm fertilizer, 50% of organic source soil conditioner, 10% of mineral fertilizer and 10% of multifunctional microbial agent.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the earthworm fertilizer are the same as those of the earthworm fertilizer in example 1.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the organic source soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
The source and main technical indexes of the mineral fertilizer are the same as those of the example 1.
The species and effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent are the same as those in example 1.
The technical indexes of the soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
Example 3
A soil conditioner for strawberry planting is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of earthworm fertilizer, 60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5% of mineral fertilizer and 15% of multifunctional microbial agent.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the earthworm fertilizer are the same as those of the earthworm fertilizer in example 1.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the organic source soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
The source and main technical indexes of the mineral fertilizer are the same as those of the example 1.
The species and effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent are the same as those in example 1.
The technical indexes of the soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
Example 4
A soil conditioner for strawberry planting is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25% of earthworm fertilizer, 40% of organic source soil conditioner, 15% of mineral fertilizer and 30% of multifunctional microbial agent.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the earthworm fertilizer are the same as those of the earthworm fertilizer in example 1.
The preparation method and technical indexes of the organic source soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
The source and main technical indexes of the mineral fertilizer are the same as those of the example 1.
The species and effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent are the same as those in example 1.
The technical indexes of the soil conditioner are the same as those of the example 1.
Example 5
A soil improvement method for strawberry cultivation comprises the following steps:
s1: after seedling pulling of the strawberries, soil sampling is carried out and physical and chemical indexes are measured;
s2: determining the formula of the soil conditioner in any one of the embodiments 1-4 according to the content of organic matters and nutrient elements in the soil;
s3: uniformly spreading the determined soil conditioner on the surface of soil, and deeply ploughing by using a rotary cultivator to fully and uniformly mix the soil conditioner and the soil;
s4: biologically covering the greenhouse for 10-15 days after watering;
s5: ridging and planting the strawberries.
Examples of the experiments
Greenhouse strawberry soil improvement formula test developed in Beijing Changping
1. Basic conditions of the test
1.1 test varieties: red face
1.2 background value of soil: the soil is loam with the soil volume weight of 1.46g/cm3pH8.07, organic matter 21.4g/kg, total microbial weight 2.6X 107CFU/g, total nitrogen 1.2g/kg, available phosphorus 367mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium 116 mg/kg.
1.3 experimental groups and dosages:
experimental group 1: the soil conditioner of example 1 is applied with a base fertilizer, and the dosage of the soil conditioner is 2 tons per mu.
Experimental group 2: the soil conditioner of example 2 is applied with base fertilizer, and the dosage of the soil conditioner is 2 tons per mu.
Experimental group 3: the soil conditioner of example 3, the dosage of which is 2 tons per mu, is applied as base fertilizer.
The technical indexes of the product are as follows: the organic matter is not less than 60 percent, the easily-oxidized organic matter is not less than 15 percent, the pH value is 6.0-8.0, the water content is less than 20 percent, the effective viable count is not less than 5 hundred million/g, the CaO is not less than 8.0 percent, the MgO is not less than 1.0 percent, the Fe + Mn + B + Zn is not less than 0.2 percent, and the bio-stimulant is greater than 1 percent.
1.4 comparison group and dosage:
the dosage per mu is 2 tons of organic fertilizer and 60kg of compound fertilizer (18 percent of N-10 percent of P)2O5-12％K2O)。
1.5 improvement method
The experimental group soil improvement method is the same as that in example 5, and the control group soil improvement method is the same as that in example 5 except that the soil improvement agent is replaced by organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer of the control group.
2. Soil improvement effect
TABLE 1 comparison table of soil improvement effect of soil conditioner for experimental group and control group
| Serial number | Index (I) | Control group | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 |
| 1 | Soil volume weight (g/m)3) | 1.41 | 1.38 | 1.33 | 1.32 |
| 2 | pH | 7.68 | 7.55 | 7.52 | 7.31 |
| 3 | Organic matter (g/kg) | 27.3 | 29.1 | 29.6 | 30.4 |
| 4 | Total nitrogen (g/kg) | 1.46 | 1.37 | 1.33 | 1.39 |
| 5 | Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 485 | 487 | 513 | 531 |
| 6 | Quick-acting potassium (mg/kg) | 128 | 135 | 136 | 146 |
| 7 | Total microbial load (CFU/g) | 5.64×107 | 9.5×107 | 6.1×107 | 1.03×108 |
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with a control group (conventional fertilizer), after the soil conditioner is applied, various indexes of soil are changed, wherein the volume weight and the pH of the soil are reduced, organic matters are improved, the content of the organic matters is improved by 0.2-0.3 percent compared with the organic matters of the control group, total nitrogen is reduced, available phosphorus and available potassium are increased, and the enrichment of microorganisms is obviously improved. The soil conditioner of the invention is used to show that the soil aggregate structure is gradually formed and the micro-ecosystem is healthier.
3. Yield of strawberry
Table 2 comparison table of strawberry yields after strawberry soil improvement by adopting soil conditioners of experimental group and control group
| Serial number | Index (I) | Control group | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 |
| 1 | Weight of single fruit (g/piece) | 22.1 | 24.7 | 24.9 | 25.2 |
| 2 | Actual production (kg/mu) | 1751.4 | 1878.6 | 1984.3 | 2056.3 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the application of the soil conditioner of the invention to the improvement of the soil for planting strawberries has the effect of increasing the yield of the strawberries, the weight of a single fruit is increased by 12.6%, and the yield of the first crop is increased by 12.7% on average.
4. Strawberry quality
TABLE 3 comparison table of strawberry quality after strawberry soil improvement by using soil conditioners of experimental group and control group
As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the control group, the strawberry quality indexes are improved after the soil for planting strawberries is improved by applying the soil conditioner, wherein the hardness is increased and the strawberry quality indexes are improved, the strawberry quality indexes are easy to store, the soluble solid content is improved by 38.2%, the total acid is reduced, and the vitamins and trace elements are improved.
The soil conditioner of the embodiment 4 of the invention has similar experimental results with the soil conditioners of the embodiments 1 to 3 in terms of soil conditioning effect, strawberry yield and strawberry quality, can rapidly promote soil organic matters, reduce pH value, make a microbial system healthier, and is also beneficial to the increase of strawberry yield and the improvement of strawberry quality.
5. Strawberry flavor substance
Table 4 comparison table of strawberry flavors after strawberry soil improvement by adopting soil conditioners of experimental group and control group
The aromatic substances in the strawberry fruit are the main factors for measuring the flavor quality of the strawberry, and determine the taste of the strawberry fruit. The main aromatic substances in the strawberry comprise esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, sulfur compounds and the like, wherein the esters have high aroma values and are characteristic aroma components of strawberry fruits.
As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the control group, the application of the soil conditioner of the invention has the advantages that the strawberry flavor is obviously improved, the contents of esters such as methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, methyl caproate and ethyl caproate are increased, and the strawberry fruits have more fragrance, emit fruit fragrance and are sour and sweet in taste.
The soil conditioners of the embodiments 1, 2 and 4 of the invention have obviously improved strawberry flavor, and have more fragrance compared with the control group.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The soil conditioner for strawberry planting is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40-60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5-15% of mineral fertilizer and 10-30% of multifunctional microbial agent.
2. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is comprised of the following raw materials in weight percent: 20-40% of earthworm fertilizer, 40-60% of organic source soil conditioner, 5-10% of mineral fertilizer and 10-15% of multifunctional microbial agent.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the earthworm fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing and kneading the collected garden waste by using a dual biological method, fermenting for 30 days, inoculating earthworms for digestion and degradation, and obtaining the earthworm fertilizer after 60-80 days.
4. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the technical indicators of the earthworm fertilizer are as follows: organic matter content of 45% or more, total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.5-7.5, water content<30% of biostimulant>2％。
5. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the organic source soil conditioner is specifically as follows: screening the kitchen and kitchen waste by using a biological reinforced humification technology, removing non-organic impurities, performing dry-wet separation, uniformly mixing dry matters obtained by separation with straw waste and a biological humic acid conversion agent, and performing high-temperature aerobic fermentation for 10-14 hours to obtain the organic source soil conditioner.
6. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the technical indicators of the organic source soil conditioner are as follows: not less than 75% of organic matter, not less than 20% of easily-oxidized organic matter and total nutrient (N + P)2O5+K2O) content is more than or equal to 5 percent, pH6.0-8.0, water content<12％。
7. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the mineral fertilizer is prepared by crushing and activating natural ores, and the main technical indexes are as follows: CaO is more than or equal to 8.0 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 1.0 percent, Fe + Mn + B + Zn is more than or equal to 0.2 percent, and pH is 6.5-7.5.
8. The soil amendment according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional microbial agent comprises one or more of streptomyces microflavus, bacillus, yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the effective viable count of the multifunctional microbial agent is not less than 50 hundred million/g.
9. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner has the technical indicators: the organic matter is not less than 60 percent, the easily-oxidized organic matter is not less than 15 percent, the pH value is 6.0-8.0, the water content is less than 20 percent, the effective viable count is not less than 5 hundred million/g, the CaO is not less than 8.0 percent, the MgO is not less than 1.0 percent, the Fe + Mn + B + Zn is not less than 0.2 percent, and the bio-stimulant is greater than 1 percent.
10. A soil improvement method for strawberry cultivation, characterized in that the soil improvement method comprises the steps of:
s1: after seedling pulling of the strawberries, soil sampling is carried out and physical and chemical indexes are measured;
s2: determining the formulation of the soil conditioner according to the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil;
s3: uniformly spreading the determined soil conditioner on the surface of soil, and deeply ploughing by using a rotary cultivator to fully and uniformly mix the soil conditioner and the soil;
s4: biologically covering the greenhouse for 10-15 days after watering;
s5: ridging and planting the strawberries.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114591745A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-07 | 浙江归野生物科技有限公司 | Strawberry continuous cropping soil improvement microbial inoculum and application method thereof |
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