CN112551938B - Phase-change composite material for thermal insulation mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Phase-change composite material for thermal insulation mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551938B CN112551938B CN202011441613.0A CN202011441613A CN112551938B CN 112551938 B CN112551938 B CN 112551938B CN 202011441613 A CN202011441613 A CN 202011441613A CN 112551938 B CN112551938 B CN 112551938B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0071—Phase-change materials, e.g. latent heat storage materials used in concrete compositions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase-change composite material for thermal insulation mortar, which is prepared by packaging a phase-change material by adopting an aerogel 3D framework material formed by hybridization of functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets and silicon dioxide; the functionalized montmorillonite nanosheet is prepared by mixing L-glutamine and nano montmorillonite powder and ball milling. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the phase change composite material for the thermal insulation mortar. The phase change composite material prepared by the method has good thermal stability and mechanical property, and can effectively improve the mechanical property and the heat insulation property of mortar when being used in the mortar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a phase change composite material for thermal insulation mortar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the acceleration of the modernization process and the continuous improvement of the production and living standards of people, in the living requirements of modern people on residential buildings, the comfort level is gradually developed to the fourth high requirement in the living requirements of people on the residential buildings after the three high requirements of the quality, the use safety and the service life of engineering. Therefore, the heat-insulating material for the building can be produced at the same time. The traditional building heat-insulating mortar is prepared by taking cement, expanded perlite and the like as main materials, taking cellulose and other additives as auxiliary materials, and effectively mixing the main materials and the auxiliary materials to be used on the outer side or the inner side of an outer wall of a building to serve as a heat-insulating material.
The phase change energy storage material can autonomously absorb heat of the outdoor environment when the outdoor environment of the building reaches high temperature, so that the ambient temperature is reduced; on the contrary, when the ambient temperature is lower, the phase change energy storage material can quickly and timely release heat, and further the ambient temperature can be adjusted at any time. In the use of the civil building energy-saving material, the phase change energy storage material has a plurality of characteristics and advantages, not only can meet the building energy-saving requirement, reduce the energy consumption and protect the environment, but also promotes the reduction of the use cost of the building, improves the industrial economic benefit and provides a material guarantee for the sustainable development of the building industry.
Patent CN200310118500.7 provides a paraffin phase-change thermal mortar powder and a preparation method thereof, which comprises 35-75% of cement, 5-40% of lightweight aggregate and 0.5-10% of fiber, and also contains 5-40% of paraffin in proportion, and part of cement can be replaced by fly ash, slaked lime, gypsum or silica powder. When in preparation, the paraffin is heated to be molten and fully stirred to be uniformly dispersed, or the paraffin is prepared into microcrystal powder; then evenly mixing the melted and dispersed paraffin or paraffin microcrystal powder with other materials to prepare paraffin glue powder, adding the paraffin glue powder into water, stirring into paste, adding the lightweight aggregate, and fully stirring. Patent CN201310645687.X provides a preparation method and a test method of phase-change thermal insulation mortar. The method comprises the following steps: (1) screening the granularity of the vitrified micro bubbles, and then drying the vitrified micro bubbles in an oven; (2) under the conditions of water bath heating and continuous mechanical stirring, the absorption of the phase change material n-octadecane is carried out by utilizing the capillary absorption force of the micropores of the vitrified micro bubbles to form a composite phase change material; (3) mixing cement, water and a composite phase change material to prepare the phase change thermal insulation mortar. As known from the prior art, the current phase-change composite material is prepared by adsorbing a phase-change material by using a porous material. However, how to improve the bonding property between the porous material and the phase change material and how to obtain a porous material with excellent performance is the key to research on building energy-saving materials.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the phase-change composite material for the thermal insulation mortar is provided, the phase-change composite material takes polyethylene glycol as the phase-change material, and is packaged by adopting a functionalized montmorillonite nanosheet/nano-silica hybrid aerogel 3D framework material, so that the obtained phase-change composite material is good in thermal stability, and when the phase-change composite material is used in the thermal insulation mortar, the thermal insulation performance of the mortar can be improved, and the strength of the mortar can be improved.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the preparation method of the phase change composite material for the thermal insulation mortar is provided, and the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and grinding L-glutamine and nano-montmorillonite, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping treatment, so that the nano-montmorillonite is stripped into montmorillonite nanosheets, the L-glutamine is grafted on the montmorillonite nanosheets, and the modified montmorillonite nanosheets have carboxyl and amino active groups; the phase-change composite material has good thermal stability and good mechanical property, and the prepared phase-change composite material can be stably combined with the hybrid aerogel through hydrogen bonds.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a phase-change composite material for thermal insulation mortar is prepared by taking aerogel formed by hybridization of functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets and silicon dioxide as a 3D framework material and packaging the phase-change material; the functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets are prepared by mixing L-glutamine and nano montmorillonite powder, ball milling and ultrasonic processing; the mass ratio of the phase change material to the 3D framework material is (1-2): 1.
in order to solve the second technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a phase change composite material for thermal insulation mortar comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing L-glutamine and nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank, performing ball milling treatment, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment, centrifuging, re-dispersing the centrifuged solid in the deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for 2-3 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and performing drying treatment to obtain L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, then dropwise adding a 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring for reaction, after the reaction is finished, adding L-glutamine grafted and modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment, standing the obtained mixture at room temperature, and finally performing freeze drying to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) and melting the phase-change material under a vacuum condition, adding the prepared 3D framework material, and performing vacuum impregnation treatment to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the L-glutamine to the nano-montmorillonite is (8-13): 1.
preferably, in the step (1), the ball milling rotation speed is 480-580rpm, and the ball milling time is 20-24 h.
Preferably, in the step (1), the ultrasonic power is 500-1000W; the ultrasonic treatment time is 30-50 min.
Preferably, in the step (1), the rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is 2000-3000rpm, and the centrifugal time is 20-40 min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the usage ratio of the tetraethoxysilane, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the deionized water, the ammonia water solution and the L-glutamine graft-modified montmorillonite nanosheet is 1 ml: (50-70) ml: (1-1.5) ml: (1-1.2) ml: (2-3) g.
Preferably, in the step (2), the conditions of the stirring reaction are as follows: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the rotating speed is 1000-2000rpm, and the time is 30-50 min; the ultrasonic dispersion treatment conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 400-500W, and the ultrasonic time is 30 min; the standing treatment conditions are as follows: standing at room temperature for 10-20 h; the conditions of freeze drying are as follows: firstly, cooling to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 5-10 h; then cooling to-50 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and lyophilizing for 45-55 h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the molecular weight of the phase-change material polyethylene glycol is 1000-2000.
Preferably, in the step (3), the vacuum impregnation is performed under the following conditions: the vacuum degree is 30-50Pa, the dipping temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the dipping time is 1-3 h.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a phase-change composite material for thermal insulation mortar, which is prepared by packaging a phase-change material by adopting an aerogel 3D framework material formed by hybridization of functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets and silicon dioxide; the functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets are prepared by mixing L-glutamine and nano montmorillonite powder, ball milling and ultrasonic dispersion treatment; the surface of the functionalized montmorillonite nano-sheet is provided with carboxyl and amino active groups which are bonded with carboxyl and hydroxyl in silica sol, and after freeze drying, the stable hybrid aerogel with a porous structure is formed. The hybrid aerogel is large in specific surface area and good in mechanical property, and can be used as a 3D framework material to encapsulate a phase-change material to obtain the phase-change composite material with good thermal stability; when the phase change composite material is used for preparing thermal insulation mortar, the phase change composite material has good compatibility with a mortar matrix, and not only can the thermal insulation performance of the mortar be improved, but also the mechanical property of the mortar can be improved.
Firstly, mixing L-glutamine and nano-montmorillonite, performing ball milling treatment and multiple ultrasonic dispersion treatment, stripping the nano-montmorillonite, grafting the L-glutamine on the surface of the stripped montmorillonite nanosheet, wherein the modified montmorillonite nanosheet has more amino and carboxyl active groups; according to the method, silica sol is prepared by a sol-gel method, the prepared functionalized montmorillonite nanosheet is added for gelation, carboxyl and amino groups on the montmorillonite nanosheet and carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the silica sol can form hydrogen bonds and are mutually crosslinked, and then freeze drying treatment is carried out under certain conditions to prepare the hybrid aerogel with a porous structure; and finally, placing the hybrid aerogel in molten polyethylene glycol for dipping treatment under a vacuum condition, wherein the polyethylene glycol can effectively enter pores of the hybrid aerogel and is bonded with the hybrid aerogel to form a stable phase-change composite material. The method is simple to operate, and the prepared hybrid aerogel has good thermal stability, can be used for modifying mortar, and improves the thermal insulation performance of the mortar.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Mixing 8g of L-glutamine with 1g of nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank containing zirconia balls, carrying out ball milling treatment at 480rpm for 20h, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into 500ml of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 500W for 30min, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 20min, dispersing the centrifuged solid in 500ml of deionized water again, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions, repeatedly treating for 2 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain L-glutamine grafting modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding 1ml of tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of 50ml of anhydrous ethanol and 1ml of deionized water, then dropwise adding 1ml of 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring and reacting for 30min under the conditions of 50 ℃ and 1000rpm, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding 2g L-glutamine grafted and modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30min under 400W, standing for 10h, and finally performing freeze drying, wherein during freeze drying, the temperature is firstly reduced to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and the freeze drying treatment is performed for 5 h; then cooling to-50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 55h to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting 10g of polyethylene glycol 1500 under vacuum, adding 10g of the prepared 3D framework material, and carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment for 1h under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 30Pa and the temperature is 55 ℃ to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Example 2
(1) Mixing 13g of L-glutamine with 1g of nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank containing zirconia balls, performing ball milling treatment at 580rpm for 24 hours, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into 500ml of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment at 1000W for 50 minutes, then performing centrifugation at 3000rpm for 40 minutes, re-dispersing the centrifuged solid in 500ml of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment under the above conditions for 50 minutes, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for 3 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and performing drying treatment at 80 ℃ to obtain L-glutamine grafted modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding 1ml of tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of 70ml of absolute ethyl alcohol and 1.5ml of deionized water, then dropwise adding 1.2ml of 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring and reacting for 50min under the conditions of 60 ℃ and 2000rpm, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding 3g L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30min at 500W, standing for 20h, and finally performing freeze drying, wherein during freeze drying, the temperature is firstly reduced to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and the freeze drying treatment is performed for 10 h; then cooling to-50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 45h to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting 20g of polyethylene glycol 1500 under vacuum, adding 10g of the prepared 3D framework material, and carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment for 3h under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 50Pa and the temperature is 65 ℃ to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Example 3
(1) Mixing 9g of L-glutamine with 1g of nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank containing zirconia balls, performing ball milling treatment for 21 hours at 500rpm, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into 500ml of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 40 minutes at 500W, centrifuging the mixture for 30 minutes at 2000rpm, re-dispersing the centrifuged solid in 500ml of deionized water, continuing the ultrasonic treatment for 40 minutes under the above conditions, repeatedly performing the ultrasonic treatment for 2 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and drying the combined supernatant at 70 ℃ to obtain L-glutamine grafted and modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding 1ml of tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of 60ml of absolute ethyl alcohol and 1.5ml of deionized water, then dropwise adding 1ml of 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring and reacting for 30min under the conditions of 60 ℃ and 1500rpm, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding 2.5g L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30min at 400W, then standing for 15h, finally carrying out freeze drying, and firstly cooling to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min and carrying out freeze drying for 6h during freeze drying; then cooling to-50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 50h to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting 15g of polyethylene glycol 1500 under a vacuum condition, adding 10g of the prepared 3D framework material, and carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment for 2h under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 40Pa and the temperature is 60 ℃ to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Example 4
(1) Mixing 10g of L-glutamine with 1g of nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank containing zirconia balls, performing ball milling treatment at 500rpm for 20 hours, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into 500ml of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment at 1000W for 40 minutes, then performing centrifugation at 2500rpm for 30 minutes, re-dispersing the centrifuged solid in 500ml of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment under the conditions for 40 minutes, repeating the ultrasonic treatment for 3 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and performing drying treatment at 75 ℃ to obtain L-glutamine grafted modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding 1ml of tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of 60ml of anhydrous ethanol and 1.3ml of deionized water, then dropwise adding 1ml of 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring and reacting for 50min under the conditions of 55 ℃ and 1500rpm, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding 3g L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30min under 500W, standing for 10h, and finally performing freeze drying, wherein during freeze drying, the temperature is first reduced to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and the freeze drying treatment is performed for 10 h; then cooling to-50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 50h to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting 18g of polyethylene glycol 1500 under a vacuum condition, adding 10g of the prepared 3D framework material, and carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment for 2h under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 35Pa and the temperature is 60 ℃ to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Example 5
(1) Mixing 12g of L-glutamine and 1g of nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank containing zirconia balls, carrying out ball milling treatment at 580rpm for 22h, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into 500ml of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 800W for 40min, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 30min, dispersing the centrifuged solid in 500ml of deionized water again, continuing the ultrasonic treatment for 40min under the above conditions, repeatedly carrying out the ultrasonic treatment for 2 times, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain L-glutamine grafting modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding 1ml of tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of 70ml of absolute ethyl alcohol and 1ml of deionized water, then dropwise adding 1ml of 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring and reacting for 30min under the conditions of 55 ℃ and 1500rpm, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding 2.5g L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30min at 400W, standing for 20h, finally performing freeze drying, and during freeze drying, firstly cooling to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and performing freeze drying for 9 h; then cooling to-50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 50h to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting 15g of polyethylene glycol 1500 under vacuum, adding 10g of the prepared 3D framework material, and carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment for 1h under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 50Pa and the temperature is 60 ℃ to obtain the phase-change composite material.
Comparative example
Silica aerogel was used for encapsulation under the same conditions as in example 5.
Application examples
4 parts by weight of the phase change composite materials prepared in the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative example, 70 parts by weight of cement, 40 parts by weight of fly ash, 3 parts by weight of redispersible latex powder, 0.45 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part by weight of carbon fiber are respectively and uniformly mixed to prepare different mortar powder materials.
The mortar powder prepared above was subjected to the following performance tests, the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Thermal conductivity, W/m.k | Compressive strength, kPa | |
| Example 1 | 0.020 | 355 |
| Example 2 | 0.017 | 369 |
| Example 3 | 0.018 | 365 |
| Example 4 | 0.017 | 368 |
| Example 5 | 0.017 | 365 |
| Comparative example | 0.045 | 202 |
From the test results, the phase change composite material provided by the invention is used for preparing thermal insulation mortar, and can effectively improve the thermal insulation performance and mechanical property of the mortar.
Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A phase change composite material for thermal insulation mortar is characterized in that: the phase-change composite material is prepared by adopting an aerogel formed by hybridization of functionalized montmorillonite nanosheets and silicon dioxide as a 3D framework material and packaging the phase-change material; the functionalized montmorillonite nanosheet is prepared by mixing, ball-milling and ultrasonically treating L-glutamine and nano montmorillonite powder; the mass ratio of the phase change material to the 3D framework material is (1-2): 1; the phase-change material is polyethylene glycol, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 1000-2000;
the phase change composite material of the thermal insulation mortar is prepared by the following method:
(1) mixing L-glutamine and nano-montmorillonite, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank for ball milling treatment, adding the mixture obtained after the ball milling treatment into deionized water for ultrasonic treatment, centrifuging, dispersing the centrifuged solid into the deionized water again for ultrasonic treatment, repeatedly treating for 2-3 times in the way, combining the centrifuged supernatants for multiple times, and drying to obtain L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheets;
(2) adding tetraethoxysilane into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, then dropwise adding a 25wt% ammonia water solution, stirring for reaction, after the reaction is finished, adding L-glutamine grafted and modified montmorillonite nanosheets, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment, standing the obtained mixture at room temperature, and finally performing freeze drying to obtain a 3D framework material;
(3) melting the phase-change material under a vacuum condition, adding the prepared 3D framework material, and performing vacuum impregnation treatment to prepare a phase-change composite material; the phase-change material is polyethylene glycol, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 1000-2000.
2. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the L-glutamine to the nano-montmorillonite is (8-13): 1.
3. the phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the ball milling rotation speed is 480 and 580rpm, and the ball milling time is 20-24 h.
4. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the ultrasonic power is 500-1000W; the ultrasonic treatment time is 30-50 min.
5. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is 2000-3000rpm, and the centrifugal time is 20-40 min.
6. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the dosage ratio of the tetraethoxysilane, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the deionized water, the ammonia water solution and the L-glutamine graft modified montmorillonite nanosheet is 1 mL: (50-70) mL: (1-1.5) mL: (1-1.2) mL: (2-3) g.
7. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the stirring reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the rotating speed is 1000-; the conditions of the ultrasonic dispersion treatment are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 400-500W, and the ultrasonic time is 30 min; the standing treatment conditions are as follows: standing at room temperature for 10-20 h; the conditions of freeze drying are as follows: firstly, cooling to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out freeze drying treatment for 5-10 h; then cooling to-50 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and freeze drying for 45-55 h.
8. The phase change composite material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the vacuum impregnation conditions are as follows: the vacuum degree is 30-50Pa, the dipping temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the dipping time is 1-3 h.
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