CN112545001B - Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller - Google Patents
Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller Download PDFInfo
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- CN112545001B CN112545001B CN202011505090.1A CN202011505090A CN112545001B CN 112545001 B CN112545001 B CN 112545001B CN 202011505090 A CN202011505090 A CN 202011505090A CN 112545001 B CN112545001 B CN 112545001B
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- Prior art keywords
- rotating shaft
- guide
- belt wheel
- fixedly arranged
- belt
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 title description 5
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 64
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/07—Apparatus in which aggregates or articles are moved along or past openings which increase in size in the direction of movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a camellia oleifera fruit sheller, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry equipment. The device comprises a frame and a material guide pipe arranged on the frame, wherein a material guide channel is arranged in the material guide pipe, the head end of the material guide channel is higher than the tail end, the head end of the material guide channel is connected with a feeding hopper, and a plurality of material selection openings are arranged at the bottom of the material guide channel; the width of each material selecting port is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel, each material selecting port corresponds to a shelling mechanism, a driving motor is arranged on the frame, a driven sprocket is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, a middle sprocket is rotationally connected on the frame, a first belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the middle sprocket, a second belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, the first belt wheel is connected with the second belt wheel through a first belt, and each driven sprocket is connected with the middle sprocket through a chain. The invention has the advantages of good shelling effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry equipment, and relates to a camellia oleifera fruit sheller.
Background
The tea-oil tree is also called tea tree, tea oil tree and white flower tea; belongs to evergreen small arbor of tea family. The tea oil is fresh, fragrant, nutritious and shelf stable, and may be used as high quality edible oil, lubricating oil and antirust oil for industry. The tea cake is not only a pesticide, but also a fertilizer, and can improve farmland water storage capacity and prevent and treat rice field pests. The pericarp is a raw material oil tea for extracting tannin extract, and is widely planted in Hubei area to form a large scale.
Because of difficult shelling, the fruit flesh is easy to be damaged, and the like, the manual shelling production cost is high, and the market of the tea oil is influenced. The main reason for the mechanical shelling difficulty of the oil tea fruits is as follows: firstly, the shell is hard, the crushing shell needs larger pressure after drying, and the pulp is easily damaged in the process of crushing the shell; secondly, the oil tea fruits are spherical or oval, have the diameter of 2-4 cm and a wide size range, and can better protect pulp in the shelling process after complicated sorting and classification; thirdly, the tea oil fruit is generally divided into 3 chambers by a separation piece among fruit particles, each chamber is provided with 1 or 2 fruit pieces, and all the fruit pieces can be separated from the fruit shells by kneading; fourthly, sepals outside the shells and fruit stalks possibly remained during fruit picking enable tea oil fruits not to roll easily, and difficulty is caused in particle size sorting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems existing in the prior art and provides a tea-oil camellia fruit sheller, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to finish the sorting and shelling of tea-oil camellia fruits, so that the shelling effect is better.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the camellia oleifera fruit sheller is characterized by comprising a rack and a material guide pipe arranged on the rack, wherein a material guide channel is arranged in the material guide pipe, the head end of the material guide channel is higher than the tail end, the head end of the material guide channel is connected with a feeding hopper, and a plurality of material selection openings are formed in the bottom of the material guide channel; the width of each material selecting opening is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel, each material selecting opening corresponds to a shelling mechanism, each shelling mechanism comprises two upright posts fixedly arranged on the frame and respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two upright posts, two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft, each crushing unit comprises a guide sleeve fixed on the upright posts, a shaft sleeve inserted in the guide sleeve, a torsion spring positioned in the shaft sleeve and a pressure plate fixed at the inner end of the shaft sleeve, the rotating shaft is inserted in a middle hole of the torsion spring, two sliding sleeves respectively positioned at two ends of the torsion spring are connected between the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve, the sliding sleeves are fixed on the rotating shaft, the sliding sleeves are in sliding connection with the shaft sleeve, one ends of the torsion spring are fixed on the rotating shaft, the other ends of the torsion spring are provided with a limiting part, the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with an annular groove, two limiting lugs which can correspond to the limiting part are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the limiting part is inserted in the annular groove, the gap between two adjacent rings is formed between the two springs and the middle hole of the torsion spring and the rotating shaft is abutted against the middle hole;
the shell removing mechanism further comprises a control ring fixed on the rotating shaft, the control ring comprises a plugging part capable of plugging a corresponding material selecting opening and a feeding part with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft is connected with the control ring through a deflector rod, one end of the deflector rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other end of the deflector rod is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring corresponding to the plugging part, and the deflector rod is positioned between the two pressure plates;
the top of the control ring is positioned in the material selecting port;
the automatic transmission device is characterized in that a driving motor is arranged on the frame, a driven sprocket is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, a middle sprocket is rotatably connected to the frame, a first belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the middle sprocket, a second belt wheel is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, the first belt wheel is connected with the second belt wheel through a first belt, and each driven sprocket is connected with the middle sprocket through a chain.
Further, two guide grooves are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the guide sleeve, guide sliding blocks corresponding to the guide grooves one by one are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve, the guide grooves comprise flat sections at the outer end and inclined sections at the inner end, the flat sections are parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve, an acute angle is formed between the inclined sections and the flat sections, and smooth transition is realized between the inclined sections and the flat sections;
the inclined sections on the two pressure plates of the same shelling mechanism face opposite directions, so that the two pressure plates can rotate in different directions in the rotating process of the rotating shaft.
Further, the upper portion of pressure disk has a guide portion, guide portion is the local outside slope of pressure disk and forms, forms the feed inlet that the interval is greater than two pressure disk intervals between two guide portions.
Further, a flange is arranged on the inner wall of the control ring corresponding to the plugging part, and the inner side surface of the flange is a curved surface with the middle part recessed towards the plugging part.
Further, a third belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, two ends of the material guiding channel are respectively connected with a rotating wheel in a rotating mode, a conveying belt is connected between the two rotating wheels, a plurality of stirring sheets distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the outer side face of the conveying belt, a fourth belt wheel positioned outside the material guiding channel is fixedly arranged on the rotating wheel close to the head end of the material guiding channel, and a second belt is connected between the third belt wheel and the fourth belt wheel.
Further, a stirring sheet on the conveying belt near the bottom of the material guiding channel is abutted against the bottom of the material guiding channel.
The working principle of the shelling mechanism is as follows:
crushing and rubbing: the oil tea fruit with select material mouth width adaptation can get into the selection inslot, when the shutoff position of control ring is located the selection material mouth department, because the selection material mouth is stopped up, oil tea fruit can't get into between two pressure plates, at this moment, two pressure plates are crushing to the oil tea fruit that is located between two pressure plates and rub the powder, and specifically, the pivot is rotatory, receive the effect of spacing lug, the spacing portion of torsional spring can't cross spacing lug when the torsional spring receives the degree of torsion less, the both ends of torsional spring are equivalent to being fixed respectively on pivot and axle sleeve, the torsional spring receives the torsion in-process to make the torsional spring number of turns increase, because the torsional spring originally is in the state that adjacent circle was supported each other, after the torsional spring number of turns increases, the height of torsional spring can increase, make the rotation of pivot can drive the axle sleeve and fix the pressure plate inboard removal on the axle sleeve, when the direction slider is located the straight section, when the direction slider is located the slope section, there is the rotation of certain angle in addition to the translation of inboard, namely the action that two pressure plates accomplish is: the two pressure plates translate firstly under the condition of being close to each other, then rotate by a certain angle in the opposite direction, and the distance between the two pressure plates is further reduced in the rotation process, so that the two pressure plates have the following advantages: the oil tea fruit positioned between the two pressing plates can be crushed firstly and then rubbed and pressed continuously in the rubbing process, so that the oil tea fruit slices are separated from the fruit shells, and the fruit slices are separated from the separating plates for separating multiple chambers of the oil tea fruit as far as possible.
Oil tea fruit enters between two pressing plates: when the feeding part of the control ring is positioned at the feed selecting opening, the blocking part is positioned below the feeding part, the oil tea fruit at the feed selecting opening can enter between the two pressure plates through the feeding part, due to the existence of the blocking part, the oil tea fruit can be remained in a space formed by the two pressure plates and the blocking part after entering between the two pressure plates, the existence of the flange can ensure that the oil tea fruit between the two pressure plates is not positioned at the edge part of the pressure plates, the oil tea fruit is prevented from jumping out from the edge part of the pressure plates in the crushing process, the limiting part of the torsion spring passes over the limiting lug in the feeding process, the limiting part of the torsion spring is in a state of rotating relative to the shaft sleeve, the torsion spring is prevented from being influenced by torsion force, namely the distance between the two pressure plates is kept unchanged until the limiting part of the torsion spring encounters the limiting bulge again, the control ring rotates for half circle to carry out the crushing and scattering state as above, and the continuous shelling of the oil tea fruit can be carried out repeatedly.
In the moment that spacing portion of torsional spring crossed spacing lug, the torsional spring reset in the twinkling of an eye, and the pressure disk moves backward fast, and two pressure disks are quick separate promptly, and the oil tea fruit after being rubbed by the crushing can fall out, and under the effect of driving lever, the fruit sediment of the perhaps adhesion of part in pressure disk medial surface also can be cleared up out, and in the crushing and rub the in-process, the driving lever is also in rotary state, can make the efficiency of rubbing the scattering higher, and the separation of shell and pulp is more thorough.
Sorting of oil tea fruits:
in order to enable oil tea fruits to enter corresponding shelling mechanisms from small to large according to the size, a material selecting opening matched with the corresponding shelling mechanisms is arranged at the bottom of a material guiding channel which is obliquely arranged, namely: from the head end to the tail end of the guide channel, the width of the sequentially arranged material selecting openings is gradually increased, and only the oil tea fruits which cannot pass through the material selecting openings with smaller width can be selected by the next material selecting opening.
Specifically, oil tea fruits with different sizes enter from a feeding hopper, a feeding and storing area is formed between two adjacent stirring sheets on the outer side surface of a conveying belt, and the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper are continuously brought into a material selecting groove in sequence in the rotating process of the conveying belt, so that the rotating speed of a control ring is higher due to the slower running speed of the conveying belt; that is, in the process of ensuring that the control ring rotates for one whole circle, the single feeding and storing area still fails to pass through the corresponding material selecting opening, so that all the oil tea fruits which can enter the material selecting opening in the feeding and storing area can enter between the two pressing plates, and the oil tea fruits which can not pass through the corresponding material selecting opening can enter the next material selecting opening only after being completely selected, and the oil tea fruits are selected by the next material selecting opening, so that all the oil tea fruits can enter a shelling mechanism corresponding to the particle size after being selected.
The sepals and the residual fruit stalks outside the shells cause that the oil tea fruits which cannot pass through all the material selection openings can also return to the feeding hopper under the action of the conveying belt, and the sepals and the fruit stalks of part of the oil tea fruits can be peeled off in the process of mutually extruding and turning the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper. Of course, the conditions of incorrect positions of the oil tea fruits, two side-by-side extrusion and the like can possibly cause that the oil tea fruits cannot enter the material selecting port, and the oil tea fruits enter the material feeding hopper again, so that the material selecting and feeding can be performed again.
Because the oil tea fruits are crushed and dehulled after size selection, the minimum distance between the pressing plates after the pressing plates are mutually close can be controlled, so that the oil tea fruits with different sizes are crushed to corresponding degrees, the occurrence of pulp damage is reduced, and the dehulling effect can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a camellia oleifera fruit sheller.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the shelling mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a control ring.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is an expanded view of the inner wall surface of the guide bush.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view in the direction C-C of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a feed tube in the present tea-oil camellia fruit sheller.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 8.
In the figure, 1, a rack; 2. a material guiding pipe; 21. a material guiding channel; 22. feeding into a hopper; 23. a material selecting port; 31. a column; 32. a rotating shaft; 33. a guide sleeve; 34. a shaft sleeve; 35. a torsion spring; 36. a pressure plate; 37. a sliding sleeve; 38. a limit part; 39. a ring groove; 41. a limit bump; 42. a control loop; 43. a blocking part; 44. a feed section; 45. a deflector rod; 46. a flange; 51. a driving motor; 52. a driven sprocket; 53. a middle sprocket; 54. a first pulley; 55. a second pulley; 56. a first belt; 57. a chain; 61. a guide groove; 62. a guide slide block; 63. a straight section; 64. an inclined section; 65. a material guiding part; 71. a third pulley; 72. a rotating wheel; 73. a conveyor belt; 74. a stirring sheet; 75. a fourth pulley; 76. a second belt.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the device comprises a frame 1 and a material guide pipe 2 arranged on the frame 1, wherein a material guide channel 21 is arranged in the material guide pipe 2, the head end of the material guide channel 21 is higher than the tail end, the head end of the material guide channel 21 is connected with a feeding hopper 22, and a plurality of material selection openings 23 are arranged at the bottom of the material guide channel 21; the width of each material selecting opening 23 is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel 21, each material selecting opening 23 corresponds to a shelling mechanism, the shelling mechanism comprises two upright posts 31 which are fixedly arranged on the frame 1 and are respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel 21, a rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected between the two upright posts 31, two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft 32, each crushing unit comprises a guide sleeve 33 which is fixed on the upright posts 31, a shaft sleeve 34 which is inserted into the guide sleeve 33, a torsion spring 35 which is positioned in the shaft sleeve 34, and a pressure plate 36 which is fixed at the inner end of the shaft sleeve 34, the rotating shaft 32 is inserted into a middle hole of the torsion spring 35, two sliding sleeves 37 which are respectively positioned at two ends of the torsion spring 35 are connected between the rotating shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 34, the sliding sleeves 37 are fixed on the rotating shaft 32, the sliding sleeves 37 are connected in the shaft sleeve 34 in a sliding way, one end of the torsion spring 35 is fixed on the rotating shaft 32, the other end of the torsion spring 35 is provided with a limiting part 38, the inner wall of the shaft 34 is provided with a ring groove 39, two limiting lugs 41 which can correspond to the limiting parts 38 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the ring groove 39, the ring groove 38, the limiting part 38 is inserted into the middle hole of the adjacent ring grooves 35, and the gap between the two adjacent torsion springs 32 is provided between the two mutually abutting holes;
the shelling mechanism further comprises a control ring 42 fixed on the rotating shaft 32, wherein the control ring 42 comprises a blocking part 43 capable of blocking the corresponding material selecting opening 23 and a feeding part 44 with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft 32 is connected with the control ring 42 through a deflector rod 45, one end of the deflector rod 45 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 32, the other end of the deflector rod 45 is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring 42 corresponding to the blocking part 43, and the deflector rod 45 is positioned between the two pressure plates 36;
the top of the control ring 42 is positioned in the material selecting opening 23;
the machine frame 1 is provided with a driving motor 51, the end part of the rotating shaft 32 is fixedly provided with a driven sprocket 52, the machine frame 1 is rotatably connected with a middle sprocket 53, the middle sprocket 53 is fixedly provided with a first belt wheel 54, the output shaft of the driving motor 51 is fixedly provided with a second belt wheel 55, the first belt wheel 54 is connected with the second belt wheel 55 through a first belt 56, and each driven sprocket 52 is connected with the middle sprocket 53 through a chain 57.
Two guide grooves 61 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 33, guide sliding blocks 62 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide grooves 61 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 34, the guide grooves 61 comprise straight sections 63 at the outer end and inclined sections 64 at the inner end, the straight sections 63 are parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve 34, an acute angle is formed between the inclined sections 64 and the straight sections 63, and smooth transition is realized between the inclined sections 64 and the straight sections 63;
the angled sections 64 on the two platens 36 of the same shelling mechanism are oppositely oriented so that the two platens 36 can rotate in different directions during rotation of the spindle 32.
The upper part of the pressure plate 36 is provided with a material guiding part 65, the material guiding part 65 is formed by the pressure plate 36 partially inclining outwards, and a feeding hole with a larger interval than the interval between the two pressure plates 36 is formed between the two material guiding parts 65.
The inner wall of the control ring 42 corresponding to the blocking part 43 is provided with a flange 46, and the inner side surface of the flange 46 presents a curved surface with the middle part recessed towards the blocking part 43.
As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, a third belt wheel 71 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor 51, two ends of the material guiding channel 21 are respectively connected with a rotary wheel 72 in a rotary mode, a conveying belt 73 is connected between the two rotary wheels 72, a plurality of material stirring sheets 74 distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the outer side face of the conveying belt 73, a fourth belt wheel 75 positioned outside the material guiding channel 21 is fixedly arranged on the rotary wheel 72 close to the head end of the material guiding channel 21, and a second belt 76 is connected between the third belt wheel 71 and the fourth belt wheel 75.
The shifting piece 74 on the conveyor belt 73 near the bottom of the guide channel 21 abuts against the bottom of the guide channel 21.
The working principle of the shelling mechanism is as follows:
crushing and rubbing: the oil tea fruit with the width adaptation of selecting port 23 can get into the selection inslot, when the shutoff portion 43 of control ring 42 is located selecting port 23 department, because selecting port 23 is stopped up, oil tea fruit can't get into between two pressure plates 36, at this moment, two pressure plates 36 are crushing and rub the dispersion to the oil tea fruit that is located between two pressure plates 36, concretely speaking, pivot 32 is rotatory, receive spacing lug 41's effect, the spacing portion 38 of torsional spring 35 can't cross spacing lug 41 when torsional spring 35 is less in the torsion degree, torsional spring 35's both ends are equivalent to being fixed respectively on pivot 32 and axle sleeve 34, torsional spring 35 is twisted the in-process and is made torsional spring 35 number of turns increase, because torsional spring 35 is originally in the state that adjacent circle is in each other, after torsional spring 35 number of turns increases, the height of torsional spring 35 can increase, make pivot 32's rotation can drive axle sleeve 34 and the pressure plate 36 that fixes on the axle sleeve 34 inwards move, when guide slider 62 is located flat section 63, 36 only inwards translates, when guide slider 62 is located in the slope section 64, pressure plate 36 translates, the rotation that there is two outside certain angle to accomplish in the pressure plate 36 when guide slider 62 is located in slope section 64: the two platens 36 translate first in the case of approaching each other and then rotate in opposite directions by a certain angle, and the distance between the two platens 36 is further reduced during rotation, which has the following advantages: the oil tea fruit located between the two platens 36 can be crushed and then rubbed and pressure continues to be applied during the rubbing process to separate the pieces of the oil tea fruit from the hulls, as much as possible from the spacers separating the chambers of the oil tea fruit.
The oil tea fruit enters between two platens 36: when the feeding portion 44 of the control ring 42 is located at the feed portion 23, the blocking portion 43 is located below the feeding portion 44, the oil tea fruit at the feed portion 23 can enter between the two pressing plates 36 through the feeding portion 44, due to the blocking portion 43, the oil tea fruit can remain in a space formed by the two pressing plates 36 and the blocking portion 43 after entering between the two pressing plates 36, the existence of the flange 46 can ensure that the oil tea fruit between the two pressing plates 36 is not located at the edge portion of the pressing plates 36, the oil tea fruit is prevented from jumping out of the edge portion of the pressing plates 36 in the crushing process, the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 passes through the limiting bump 41 in the feeding process, the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 is in a state of rotating relative to the shaft sleeve 34, the torsion spring 35 is not subjected to torsion force in the feeding process, namely, the distance between the two pressing plates 36 is kept unchanged, until the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 encounters the limiting bump again, the control ring 42 is rotated for half a circle, the crushing state as above is repeated, and continuous shell removing can be carried out on the oil tea fruit.
At the moment that the limit part 38 of the torsion spring 35 passes over the limit projection 41, the torsion spring 35 is reset instantly, the pressure plates 36 are quickly moved backwards, namely, the two pressure plates 36 are quickly separated, the oil tea fruits which are crushed and rubbed off can fall out, under the action of the deflector rod 45, part of fruit residues which possibly adhere to the inner side surface of the pressure plates 36 can also be cleaned out, and in the crushing and rubbing process, the deflector rod 45 is also in a rotating state, so that the rubbing efficiency is higher, and the separation of the fruit shells and the fruit pulp is more thorough.
Sorting of oil tea fruits:
in order to make the oil tea fruits enter the corresponding shelling mechanisms from small to large according to the size, a material selecting opening 23 matched with the corresponding shelling mechanisms is arranged at the bottom of a material guiding channel 21 which is obliquely arranged, namely: from the head end of the material guiding channel 21 to the tail end, the width of the sequentially arranged material selecting openings 23 is gradually increased, and only the oil tea fruits which cannot pass through the material selecting openings 23 with smaller width can be selected by the next material selecting opening 23, so that the oil tea fruits need to be moved in order in the material guiding channel 21, and the sequentially entering oil tea fruits are ensured to be selected by the corresponding material selecting openings 23 sequentially.
Specifically, oil tea fruits with different sizes enter from the feeding hopper 22, a feeding and storing area is formed between two adjacent stirring sheets 74 on the outer side surface of the conveying belt 73, and the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper 22 are continuously brought into the material selecting groove in the rotating process of the conveying belt 73, and the rotating speed of the control ring 42 is higher due to the fact that the running speed of the conveying belt 73 is lower; that is, in the process of ensuring that the control ring 42 rotates for one whole circle, the single feeding and storing area still fails to pass through the corresponding material selecting opening 23, so that all the oil tea fruits which can enter the material selecting opening 23 in the feeding and storing area can enter between the two pressing plates 36, and only the oil tea fruits which can not pass through the corresponding material selecting opening 23 after being completely selected can enter the next material selecting opening 23 to accept the selection of the next material selecting opening 23, so that all the oil tea fruits can enter the shelling mechanism corresponding to the particle size after the particle size is selected.
The oil tea fruits which cannot pass through all the material selecting ports 23 due to sepals and residual fruit stems outside the shells can also return to the feeding hopper 22 under the action of the conveying belt 73, and the sepals and the fruit stems of part of the oil tea fruits can be peeled off in the process of mutual extrusion and turning of the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper 22. Of course, the situation that the oil tea fruits are not positioned correctly, two oil tea fruits are extruded side by side and the like may cause that the oil tea fruits cannot enter the material selecting port 23, and the oil tea fruits enter the material feeding hopper 22 again, so that the material selecting and feeding can be performed again.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (3)
1. The oil tea fruit sheller is characterized by comprising a frame (1) and a material guide pipe (2) arranged on the frame (1), wherein a material guide channel (21) is arranged in the material guide pipe (2), the head end of the material guide channel (21) is higher than the tail end, the head end of the material guide channel (21) is connected with a feeding hopper (22), and a plurality of material selection openings (23) are formed in the bottom of the material guide channel (21); the width of each material selecting opening (23) is gradually reduced from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel (21), each material selecting opening (23) corresponds to a shell removing mechanism, the shell removing mechanism comprises two upright posts (31) fixedly arranged on the frame (1) and respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel (21), a rotating shaft (32) is rotationally connected between the two upright posts (31), two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft (32), each crushing unit comprises a guide sleeve (33) fixed on the upright posts (31), a shaft sleeve (34) inserted in the guide sleeve (33), a torsion spring (35) positioned in the shaft sleeve (34) and a pressure plate (36) fixed at the inner end of the shaft sleeve (34), two sliding sleeves (37) respectively positioned at two ends of the torsion spring (35) are connected between the rotating shaft (32) and the shaft sleeve (34), the sliding sleeves (37) are slidably connected on the rotating shaft (32), the sliding sleeves (37) are slidably connected in the shaft sleeve (34) and are provided with one end of the torsion spring (35) which is provided with a ring groove (39), two limit protruding blocks (41) which can correspond to the limit parts (38) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the annular groove (39), the limit parts (38) are inserted into the annular groove (39), two adjacent spring rings of the torsion spring (35) are abutted against each other, and a gap is reserved between a middle hole of the torsion spring (35) and the rotating shaft (32);
the shelling mechanism further comprises a control ring (42) fixed on the rotating shaft (32), the control ring (42) comprises a blocking part (43) capable of blocking a corresponding material selecting opening (23) and a feeding part (44) with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft (32) is connected with the control ring (42) through a deflector rod (45), one end of the deflector rod (45) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (32), the other end of the deflector rod (45) is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring (42) corresponding to the blocking part (43), and the deflector rod (45) is positioned between the two pressure plates (36);
the top of the control ring (42) is positioned in the material selecting opening (23);
a driving motor (51) is arranged on the frame (1), a driven sprocket (52) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (32), an intermediate sprocket (53) is rotatably connected on the frame (1), a first belt wheel (54) is fixedly arranged on the intermediate sprocket (53), a second belt wheel (55) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor (51), the first belt wheel (54) is connected with the second belt wheel (55) through a first belt (56), and each driven sprocket (52) is connected with the intermediate sprocket (53) through a chain (57);
two guide grooves (61) are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (33), guide sliding blocks (62) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide grooves (61) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve (34), the guide grooves (61) comprise flat sections (63) at the outer end and inclined sections (64) at the inner end, the flat sections (63) are parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve (34), an acute angle is formed between each inclined section (64) and each flat section (63), and smooth transition is achieved between each inclined section (64) and each flat section (63);
the inclined sections (64) on the two guide sleeves (33) of the same shelling mechanism face opposite directions, so that the two pressure plates (36) can rotate in different directions in the rotating process of the rotating shaft (32);
the upper part of the pressure plate (36) is provided with a material guiding part (65), the material guiding part (65) is formed by inclining the pressure plate (36) partially outwards, and a feeding hole with a gap larger than the gap between the two pressure plates (36) is formed between the two material guiding parts (65);
the inner wall of the control ring (42) corresponding to the blocking part (43) is provided with a flange (46), and the inner side surface of the flange (46) is a curved surface with the middle part recessed towards the blocking part (43).
2. The camellia oleifera fruit sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that a third belt wheel (71) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor (51), two ends of the material guiding channel (21) are respectively and rotatably connected with a rotary wheel (72), a conveying belt (73) is connected between the two rotary wheels (72), a plurality of stirring sheets (74) distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the outer side of the conveying belt (73), a fourth belt wheel (75) positioned outside the material guiding channel (21) is fixedly arranged on the rotary wheel (72) close to the head end of the material guiding channel (21), and a second belt (76) is connected between the third belt wheel (71) and the fourth belt wheel (75).
3. The camellia oleifera fruit sheller of claim 2, wherein a deflector (74) on a conveyor belt (73) near the bottom of the guide channel (21) abuts the bottom of the guide channel (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505090.1A CN112545001B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505090.1A CN112545001B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112545001A CN112545001A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112545001B true CN112545001B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011505090.1A Active CN112545001B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112545002B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-05-14 | 湖北科技学院 | Tea-oil camellia fruit shelling mechanism with extrusion and rub function |
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| US20190388938A1 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-26 | Dongguan University Of Technology | Camellia fruit shelling and sorting machine |
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