CN112545001A - Oil tea fruit huller - Google Patents
Oil tea fruit huller Download PDFInfo
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- CN112545001A CN112545001A CN202011505090.1A CN202011505090A CN112545001A CN 112545001 A CN112545001 A CN 112545001A CN 202011505090 A CN202011505090 A CN 202011505090A CN 112545001 A CN112545001 A CN 112545001A
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- rotating shaft
- material guide
- guide channel
- belt
- guide
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 46
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020334 white tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/07—Apparatus in which aggregates or articles are moved along or past openings which increase in size in the direction of movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a camellia oleifera fruit huller, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry equipment. The automatic feeding device comprises a rack and a material guide pipe arranged on the rack, wherein a material guide channel is arranged in the material guide pipe, the head end of the material guide channel is higher than the tail end of the material guide channel, the head end of the material guide channel is connected with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the material guide channel is provided with a plurality of material selecting ports; the width of each material selecting opening is crescent to the end by the head end of guide passageway, every material selecting opening all corresponds one and goes the shell mechanism, be provided with a driving motor in the frame, the end fixing of pivot is provided with a driven sprocket, rotate in the frame and be connected with an intermediate sprocket, the last fixed first band pulley that is provided with of intermediate sprocket, the fixed second band pulley that is provided with on driving motor's the output shaft, link to each other through first belt between first band pulley and the second band pulley, link to each other through a chain between each driven sprocket and the intermediate sprocket. The invention has the advantages of good shelling effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry equipment, and relates to a camellia oleifera fruit huller.
Background
The tea-oil tree is also called tea tree, tea oil tree and white tea; belonging to the family Theaceae, evergreen small arbors. Because the seeds can be used for extracting oil (tea oil) for eating, the tea oil has the advantages of clear color, delicious taste, rich nutrition and storage resistance, is high-quality edible oil, and can also be used as lubricating oil and antirust oil for industry. The tea cake is not only a pesticide but also a fertilizer, and can improve the water storage capacity of the farmland and prevent and control pests in the rice field. The fruit peel is the raw material oil tea for extracting tannin extract, and is widely planted in the Hubei region to form a larger scale.
Because the husking is difficult and the fruit pulp is easy to be damaged, the manual husking production cost is high, and the market of the tea oil is influenced. The main reasons for the difficulty in mechanically shelling the oil-tea camellia fruits are as follows: firstly, the shell is hard, the crushing of the shell after drying needs higher pressure, and the pulp is easily damaged in the process of crushing the shell; secondly, the oil tea fruits are spherical or oval, have the diameter of 2-4 cm and wide size range, and can well protect the pulp in the shelling process after being subjected to complicated sorting and classification; thirdly, the tea oil fruit is generally divided into 3 chambers by spacers among fruit grains, each chamber is provided with 1 or 2 fruit pieces of seeds, and all the fruit pieces can be separated from the shells only by kneading; fourthly, sepals outside the shells and fruit stems possibly remained during fruit picking enable the camellia oleifera fruits not to roll easily, and difficulty is caused in particle size sorting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a camellia oleifera fruit huller aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to complete selection and hulling of camellia oleifera fruits, so that the hulling effect is better.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the camellia oleifera fruit huller is characterized by comprising a rack and a material guide pipe arranged on the rack, wherein a material guide channel is arranged in the material guide pipe, the head end of the material guide channel is higher than the tail end of the material guide channel, the head end of the material guide channel is connected with a feeding hopper, and a plurality of material selecting ports are arranged at the bottom of the material guide channel; the width of each material selecting port is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel, each material selecting port corresponds to a shell removing mechanism, each shell removing mechanism comprises two stand columns which are fixedly arranged on the frame and are respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two stand columns, two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft and comprise guide sleeves fixed on the stand columns, shaft sleeves inserted in the guide sleeves, torsional springs positioned in the shaft sleeves and pressure plates fixed at the inner ends of the shaft sleeves, the rotating shaft is inserted in the middle holes of the torsional springs, two sliding sleeves respectively positioned at two ends of the torsional springs are connected between the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeves, the sliding sleeves are fixed on the rotating shaft and are slidably connected in the shaft sleeves, one end of the torsional springs is fixed on the rotating shaft, the other end of the torsional springs is provided with a limiting part, and the, two limiting lugs capable of corresponding to the limiting parts are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the ring groove, the limiting parts are inserted into the ring groove, two adjacent spring rings of the torsion spring are abutted against each other, and a gap is formed between a middle hole of the torsion spring and the rotating shaft;
the shell removing mechanism further comprises a control ring fixed on the rotating shaft, the control ring comprises a plugging part capable of plugging the corresponding material selecting port and a feeding part with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft is connected with the control ring through a shifting rod, one end of the shifting rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the other end of the shifting rod is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring corresponding to the plugging part, and the shifting rod is located between the two pressing plates;
the top of the control ring is positioned in the material selecting port;
the improved belt conveyor is characterized in that a driving motor is arranged on the frame, a driven chain wheel is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, an intermediate chain wheel is connected to the frame in a rotating mode, a first belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the intermediate chain wheel, a second belt wheel is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, the first belt wheel is connected with the second belt wheel through a first belt, and each driven chain wheel is connected with the intermediate chain wheel through a chain.
Furthermore, two guide grooves are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the guide sleeve in the circumferential direction, guide sliding blocks which correspond to the guide grooves one to one are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve, each guide groove comprises a straight section at the outer end and an inclined section at the inner end, the straight sections are parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve, an acute angle is formed between each inclined section and the straight section, and smooth transition is realized between each inclined section and the straight section;
the inclined sections on the two pressure plates of the same shelling mechanism are opposite in orientation, so that the two pressure plates can rotate in different directions in the rotating process of the rotating shaft.
Further, the upper portion of pressure disk has a guide portion, guide portion is the local outside slope formation of pressure disk, forms the interval between two guide portions and is greater than the spaced feed inlet of two pressure disks.
Furthermore, a flange is arranged on the inner wall of the control ring corresponding to the plugging part, and the inner side surface of the flange is a curved surface with the middle part sunken towards the plugging part.
Further, still fixedly on driving motor's the output shaft be provided with a third band pulley, the both ends of guide passageway are rotated respectively and are connected with a runner, are connected with a conveyer belt between two runners, the lateral surface of conveyer belt has a plurality of material stirring pieces that distribute equidistantly, still fixedly on the runner that is close to guide passageway head end be provided with the fourth band pulley that is located outside the guide passageway, be connected with a second belt between third band pulley and the fourth band pulley.
Furthermore, a material stirring sheet on the conveying belt close to the bottom of the material guide channel is attached to the bottom of the material guide channel.
The working principle of the shell removing mechanism is as follows:
crushing and scattering: the oil tea fruit matched with the width of the material selecting opening can enter the material selecting groove, when the plugging part of the control ring is positioned at the material selecting opening, the oil tea fruit cannot enter between the two pressure plates due to the plugging of the material selecting opening, at the moment, the two pressure plates are crushing and rubbing the oil tea fruit positioned between the two pressure plates, specifically, the rotating shaft rotates and is under the action of the limiting lug, the limiting part of the torsional spring cannot cross the limiting lug when the torsional spring is less in torsion degree, two ends of the torsional spring are respectively fixed on the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve, the number of turns of the torsional spring is increased in the torsion process of the torsional spring, as the torsional spring is originally in the state that adjacent turns are mutually abutted, after the number of turns of the torsional spring is increased, the height of the torsional spring is increased, the rotation of the rotating shaft can drive the shaft sleeve and the pressure plates fixed on the shaft sleeve to move inwards, when the guide, when the guide slide block is positioned in the inclined section, the pressure plate also has a certain angle of rotation besides translating towards the inner side, namely the actions completed by the two pressure plates are as follows: two pressure disks are at first the translation under the condition that is close to each other, then rotate certain angle with opposite direction, and the interval of two each pressure disks further reduces in rotatory in-process, and the benefit of doing so lies in: the oil tea fruit between the two pressing plates can be firstly crushed and then scattered, and the pressure is continuously applied in the scattering process, so that the oil tea fruit pieces are separated from the shells, and the fruit pieces are separated from the spacers for separating the oil tea fruit chambers as much as possible.
The oil tea fruit enters between two pressure plates: when the feeding part of the control ring is positioned at the material selecting port, the blocking part is positioned below the feeding part, the oil tea fruit at the material selecting port can enter between the two pressing plates through the feeding part, due to the existence of the blocking part, the oil tea fruit can be remained in a space formed by the two pressing plates and the blocking part after entering between the two pressing plates, and the existence of the flange can ensure that the oil tea fruit between the two pressing plates can not be positioned at the edge part of the pressing plates, so that the oil tea fruit is prevented from jumping out of the edge part of the pressing plates in the crushing process, the limiting part of the torsional spring already passes over the limiting lug in the feeding process, and the limiting part of the torsional spring is in a state of rotating relative to the shaft sleeve, so that the torsional spring is not influenced by torsion in the feeding process, namely, the distance between the two pressing plates is kept unchanged, and when the limiting part of the torsional spring meets the limiting lug again, the, repeating the steps, the camellia oleifera fruit can be continuously hulled.
In the twinkling of an eye that the spacing lug was crossed to spacing portion at the torsional spring, the torsional spring resets in the twinkling of an eye, and the pressure disk moves backward fast, and two pressure disks are separately fast promptly, and the oil tea fruit after breaking up is rubbed away with the hands by the crushing can fall out, and under the effect of driving lever, the fruit sediment of part probably adhesion at the pressure disk medial surface also can be cleared up out, rubs away the in-process at the crushing, and the driving lever also is in rotating state, can make the efficiency of rubbing away with the hands higher, and the separation of shell and pulp is more.
Sorting oil tea fruits:
in order to enable the oil-tea camellia fruits to respectively enter the corresponding hulling mechanisms from small to large according to the sizes, the bottom of the guide channel which is obliquely arranged is provided with a material selecting port matched with the corresponding hulling mechanisms, namely: by the head end to the end of guide passageway, the width of the selection mouth that sets gradually progressively increases, only can not supply next selection mouth to select separately through the oil tea fruit of the selection mouth of less width, for this reason, need make the oil tea fruit remove in the guide passageway orderly, ensure that the oil tea fruit that gets into in proper order can obtain the selection of corresponding selection mouth separately according to the preface.
Specifically, the oil tea fruits with different sizes enter from the feeding hopper, a feeding and storing area is formed between two adjacent stirring pieces on the outer side surface of the conveying belt, the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper are continuously and sequentially conveyed into the material selecting groove in the rotating process of the conveying belt, and the rotating speed of the control ring is higher due to the lower running speed of the conveying belt; need ensure the rotatory in-process of a whole circle of control ring promptly, single pay-off storage area still can not all pass through the select material mouth that corresponds, guarantee that whole tea-oil camellia fruit that can enter the select material mouth in this pay-off storage area can both get into between two pressure disks, only can not be through the tea-oil camellia fruit that corresponds the select material mouth after being selected totally can just get into next select material mouth department, accept the selection of next select material mouth, so can make during whole tea-oil camellia fruit gets into the mechanism of shelling that corresponds with this particle diameter after the particle diameter is selected separately.
The camellia oleifera fruits which cannot pass through all the material selecting openings due to the sepals and the residual fruit stalks outside the shells can be returned to the material inlet hopper again under the action of the conveying belt, and the fruit stalks and the sepals of part of the camellia oleifera fruits can be peeled off in the process of mutual extrusion and turning of the camellia oleifera fruits in the material inlet hopper. Certainly, the situation that the oil tea fruits are not in right positions, two oil tea fruits are extruded side by side and the like can also cause that the oil tea fruits cannot enter the material selecting opening, and the oil tea fruits enter the material feeding hopper again to be selected and fed again.
Because carry out the crushing shelling again after the size selection to the tea-oil camellia fruit, the minimum distance behind steerable pressure disk is close to each other makes the not unidimensional tea-oil camellia fruit carry out the crushing of corresponding degree, reduces the emergence of the impaired condition of pulp, can improve the shelling effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a camellia oleifera fruit huller.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hulling mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the control ring.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a development view of the inner wall surface of the guide bush.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the direction C-C in fig. 5.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a material guiding pipe in the oil tea fruit huller.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 8.
In the figure, 1, a frame; 2. a material guide pipe; 21. a material guide channel; 22. feeding into a hopper; 23. Selecting a material port; 31. a column; 32. a rotating shaft; 33. a guide sleeve; 34. a shaft sleeve; 35. a torsion spring; 36. a platen; 37. a sliding sleeve; 38. a limiting part; 39. a ring groove; 41. a limiting bump; 42. a control loop; 43. a plugging section; 44. a feeding section; 45. a deflector rod; 46. a flange; 51. a drive motor; 52. a driven sprocket; 53. an intermediate sprocket; 54. a first pulley; 55. a second pulley; 56. a first belt; 57. a chain; 61. a guide groove; 62. A guide slider; 63. a straight section; 64. an inclined section; 65. a material guide part; 71. a third belt pulley; 72. a rotating wheel; 73. a conveyor belt; 74. stirring the material sheet; 75. a fourth pulley; 76. A second belt.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the device comprises a frame 1 and a material guiding pipe 2 arranged on the frame 1, wherein the material guiding pipe 2 is internally provided with a material guiding channel 21, the head end of the material guiding channel 21 is higher than the tail end, the head end of the material guiding channel 21 is connected with a material feeding hopper 22, and the bottom of the material guiding channel 21 is provided with a plurality of material selecting ports 23; the width of each material selecting port 23 is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel 21, each material selecting port 23 corresponds to a shell removing mechanism, each shell removing mechanism comprises two upright posts 31 fixedly arranged on the frame 1 and respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel 21, a rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected between the two upright posts 31, two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft 32, each crushing unit comprises a guide sleeve 33 fixed on the upright post 31, a shaft sleeve 34 inserted in the guide sleeve 33, a torsion spring 35 positioned in the shaft sleeve 34 and a pressure plate 36 fixed at the inner end of the shaft sleeve 34, the rotating shaft 32 is inserted in a middle hole of the torsion spring 35, two sliding sleeves 37 respectively positioned at two ends of the torsion spring 35 are connected between the rotating shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 34, the sliding sleeves 37 are fixed on the rotating shaft 32, the sliding sleeves 37 are connected in the shaft sleeves 34, one end of the torsion spring 35 is fixed on, the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 34 is provided with a ring groove 39, two limiting lugs 41 which can correspond to the limiting part 38 are uniformly arranged in the ring groove 39 in the circumferential direction, the limiting part 38 is inserted in the ring groove 39, two adjacent spring rings of the torsion spring 35 are mutually abutted, and a gap is reserved between a middle hole of the torsion spring 35 and the rotating shaft 32;
the shell removing mechanism further comprises a control ring 42 fixed on the rotating shaft 32, the control ring 42 comprises a blocking part 43 capable of blocking the corresponding material selecting port 23 and a feeding part 44 with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft 32 is connected with the control ring 42 through a deflector rod 45, one end of the deflector rod 45 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 32, the other end of the deflector rod 45 is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring 42 corresponding to the blocking part 43, and the deflector rod 45 is positioned between the two pressure plates 36;
the top of the control ring 42 is positioned in the material selecting port 23;
the frame 1 is provided with a driving motor 51, the end portion of the rotating shaft 32 is fixedly provided with a driven sprocket 52, the frame 1 is rotatably connected with an intermediate sprocket 53, the intermediate sprocket 53 is fixedly provided with a first belt pulley 54, the output shaft of the driving motor 51 is fixedly provided with a second belt pulley 55, the first belt pulley 54 is connected with the second belt pulley 55 through a first belt 56, and each driven sprocket 52 is connected with the intermediate sprocket 53 through a chain 57.
Two guide grooves 61 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 33 in the circumferential direction, guide sliding blocks 62 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide grooves 61 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 34, each guide groove 61 comprises a straight section 63 at the outer end and an inclined section 64 at the inner end, the straight section 63 is parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve 34, an acute angle is formed between each inclined section 64 and the straight section 63, and smooth transition is realized between each inclined section 64 and the straight section 63;
the inclined sections 64 on the two pressure plates 36 of the same shelling mechanism are oriented in opposite directions so that the two pressure plates 36 can rotate in different directions during rotation of the shaft 32.
The upper portion of the pressure plate 36 is provided with a material guiding portion 65, the material guiding portion 65 is formed by partially inclining the pressure plate 36 outwards, and a feeding hole with a spacing larger than that of the two pressure plates 36 is formed between the two material guiding portions 65.
The inner wall of the control ring 42 corresponding to the blocking portion 43 has a flange 46, and the inner side surface of the flange 46 is a curved surface with a middle portion concaved towards the blocking portion 43.
As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, a third belt wheel 71 is further fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the driving motor 51, two ends of the material guiding channel 21 are respectively rotatably connected with a rotating wheel 72, a conveying belt 73 is connected between the two rotating wheels 72, a plurality of material shifting pieces 74 distributed at equal intervals are disposed on the outer side surface of the conveying belt 73, a fourth belt wheel 75 located outside the material guiding channel 21 is further fixedly disposed on the rotating wheel 72 near the head end of the material guiding channel 21, and a second belt 76 is connected between the third belt wheel 71 and the fourth belt wheel 75.
The plectrum piece 74 on the conveyer belt 73 near the bottom of the material guide channel 21 is abutted against the bottom of the material guide channel 21.
The working principle of the shell removing mechanism is as follows:
crushing and scattering: the oil tea fruit which is matched with the width of the material selecting opening 23 can enter the material selecting groove, when the blocking portion 43 of the control ring 42 is positioned at the material selecting opening 23, the oil tea fruit cannot enter between the two pressure plates 36 due to the blocking of the material selecting opening 23, at this time, the two pressure plates 36 crush and scatter the oil tea fruit positioned between the two pressure plates 36, specifically, the rotating shaft 32 rotates and is acted by the limiting lug 41, the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 cannot cross the limiting lug 41 when the torsion spring 35 is twisted to a smaller degree, two ends of the torsion spring 35 are equivalently fixed on the rotating shaft 32 and the shaft sleeve 34 respectively, the number of turns of the torsion spring 35 is increased in the twisting process of the torsion spring 35, the torsion spring 35 is originally in a state that adjacent turns abut against each other, after the number of turns of the torsion spring 35 is increased, the height of the torsion spring 35 is increased, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 32 can drive, when the guide slider 62 is located in the straight section 63, the pressure plate 36 only translates inward, and when the guide slider 62 is located in the inclined section 64, the pressure plate 36 rotates at a certain angle in addition to translating inward, that is, the two pressure plates 36 perform the following actions: the two pressure plates 36 firstly translate under the condition of approaching each other and then rotate for a certain angle in opposite directions, and the distance between the two pressure plates 36 is further reduced in the rotating process, so that the advantages are as follows: the oil tea fruit between the two pressing plates 36 can be crushed firstly and then be scattered, and the pressure is continuously applied in the scattering process, so that the oil tea fruit pieces are separated from the shells, and the fruit pieces are separated from the spacers for separating the oil tea fruit chambers as much as possible.
The oil tea fruit enters between two platens 36: when the feeding portion 44 of the control ring 42 is located at the material selecting port 23, the blocking portion 43 is located below the feeding portion 44, the oil tea fruit at the material selecting port 23 can enter between the two pressing plates 36 through the feeding portion 44, due to the existence of the blocking portion 43, the oil tea fruit can be left in the space formed by the two pressing plates 36 and the blocking portion 43 after entering between the two pressing plates 36, the existence of the flange 46 can ensure that the oil tea fruit between the two pressing plates 36 is not located at the edge of the pressing plate 36, so as to avoid the oil tea fruit from jumping out from the edge of the pressing plate 36 during the crushing process, during the feeding process, the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 already passes over the limiting projection 41, and the limiting portion 38 of the torsion spring 35 is in a state of rotating relative to the shaft sleeve 34, so that the torsion spring 35 is not affected by the torsion force during the feeding process, i.e. the distance between the two pressing plates 36 is kept unchanged, until, the control ring 42 rotates half a turn, and the above crushing and rubbing state is performed, and the above operation is repeated, so that the camellia oleifera fruits can be continuously hulled.
In the moment that limiting portion 38 of torsional spring 35 crosses limiting lug 41, torsional spring 35 resets in the twinkling of an eye, pressure disk 36 moves backward fast, two pressure disks 36 part fast promptly, the oil tea fruit after being broken up is rubbed with the hands in the crushing can fall out, under the effect of driving lever 45, the fruit sediment of part probably adhesion at pressure disk 36 medial surface also can be cleared up out, in-process is rubbed with the hands in the crushing, driving lever 45 also is in rotating state, can make the efficiency of rubbing with the hands higher, the separation of shell and pulp is more thorough.
Sorting oil tea fruits:
in order to enable the oil-tea camellia fruits to respectively enter the corresponding hulling mechanisms from small to large according to the sizes, a material selecting port 23 matched with the corresponding hulling mechanisms is arranged at the bottom of the obliquely arranged material guide channel 21, namely: by head end to the end of guide channel 21, the width of the selection mouth 23 that sets gradually progressively increases, and only can not supply the selection mouth 23 next to select separately through the oil tea fruit of the selection mouth 23 of less width, for this reason, need make the oil tea fruit remove in guide channel 21 orderly, ensure that the oil tea fruit that gets into in proper order can obtain the selection that corresponds selection mouth 23 in proper order.
Specifically, the oil tea fruits with different sizes enter from the feeding hopper 22, a feeding storage area is formed between two adjacent stirring pieces 74 on the outer side surface of the conveying belt 73, the conveying belt 73 continuously and sequentially conveys the oil tea fruits in the feeding hopper 22 into the material selecting groove in the rotating process, and the rotating speed of the control ring 42 is higher due to the lower running speed of the conveying belt 73; that is to say, it needs to be ensured that the control ring 42 rotates a whole circle, the single feeding and storing area still can not all pass through the corresponding material selecting opening 23, it is ensured that all the oil-tea fruits which can enter the material selecting opening 23 in the feeding and storing area can both enter between the two pressing plates 36, only the oil-tea fruits which can not pass through the corresponding material selecting opening 23 after being completely sorted can enter the next material selecting opening 23, and the sorting of the next material selecting opening 23 is accepted, so that all the oil-tea fruits can enter the hulling mechanism corresponding to the grain size after the grain size is sorted.
The camellia oleifera fruits which cannot pass through all the material selecting openings 23 due to the sepals and the residual fruit stalks outside the shells can be returned to the material feeding hopper 22 under the action of the conveying belt 73, and the fruit stalks and the sepals of part of the camellia oleifera fruits can be peeled off in the process of mutually extruding and turning the camellia oleifera fruits in the material feeding hopper 22. Of course, the situation that the positions of the oil-tea camellia fruits are not correct, two oil-tea camellia fruits are extruded side by side, and the like can also cause that the oil-tea camellia fruits cannot enter the material selecting opening 23, and the oil-tea camellia fruits enter the material feeding hopper 22 again to be selected and fed again.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A camellia oleifera fruit huller is characterized by comprising a rack (1) and a material guide pipe (2) arranged on the rack (1), wherein a material guide channel (21) is arranged in the material guide pipe (2), the head end of the material guide channel (21) is higher than the tail end of the material guide channel, the head end of the material guide channel (21) is connected with a feeding hopper (22), and a plurality of material selecting ports (23) are arranged at the bottom of the material guide channel (21); the width of each material selecting port (23) is gradually increased from the head end to the tail end of the material guiding channel (21), each material selecting port (23) corresponds to a shell removing mechanism, each shell removing mechanism comprises two upright columns (31) which are fixedly arranged on the rack (1) and are respectively positioned at two sides of the material guiding channel (21), a rotating shaft (32) is rotatably connected between the upright columns (31), two crushing units are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft (32), each crushing unit comprises a guide sleeve (33) fixed on the upright column (31), a shaft sleeve (34) inserted in the guide sleeve (33), a torsion spring (35) positioned in the shaft sleeve (34) and a pressure plate (36) fixed at the inner end of the shaft sleeve (34), the rotating shaft (32) is inserted in a middle hole of the torsion spring (35), and two sliding sleeves (37) respectively positioned at two ends of the torsion spring (35) are connected between the rotating shaft (32) and the shaft sleeve (34), the sliding sleeve (37) is fixed on the rotating shaft (32), the sliding sleeve (37) is connected in the shaft sleeve (34) in a sliding mode, one end of the torsion spring (35) is fixed on the rotating shaft (32), the other end of the torsion spring (35) is provided with a limiting part (38), the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (34) is provided with a ring groove (39), two limiting convex blocks (41) which can correspond to the limiting part (38) are uniformly arranged in the ring groove (39) in the circumferential direction, the limiting part (38) is inserted in the ring groove (39), two adjacent spring rings of the torsion spring (35) are abutted against each other, and a gap is formed between a middle hole of the torsion spring (35) and the rotating shaft (32);
the shell removing mechanism further comprises a control ring (42) fixed on the rotating shaft (32), the control ring (42) comprises a blocking part (43) capable of blocking the corresponding material selecting opening (23) and a feeding part (44) with a material selecting gap, the rotating shaft (32) is connected with the control ring (42) through a shifting rod (45), one end of the shifting rod (45) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (32), the other end of the shifting rod (45) is fixed on the inner wall of the control ring (42) corresponding to the blocking part (43), and the shifting rod (45) is located between the two pressure plates (36);
the top of the control ring (42) is positioned in the material selecting port (23);
the automatic belt wheel cutting machine is characterized in that a driving motor (51) is arranged on the rack (1), a driven chain wheel (52) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (32), an intermediate chain wheel (53) is connected to the rack (1) in a rotating mode, a first belt wheel (54) is fixedly arranged on the intermediate chain wheel (53), a second belt wheel (55) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor (51), the first belt wheel (54) is connected with the second belt wheel (55) through a first belt (56), and the driven chain wheels (52) are connected with the intermediate chain wheel (53) through a chain (57).
2. The oil tea fruit huller according to claim 1, characterized in that two guide grooves (61) are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (33) in the circumferential direction, guide sliders (62) corresponding to the guide grooves (61) one by one are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the shaft sleeve (34), each guide groove (61) comprises a straight section (63) at the outer end and an inclined section (64) at the inner end, the straight section (63) is parallel to the axis of the shaft sleeve (34), an acute angle is formed between the inclined section (64) and the straight section (63), and the inclined section (64) and the straight section (63) are in smooth transition;
the inclined sections (64) on the two pressure plates (36) of the same shelling mechanism are oppositely oriented, so that the two pressure plates (36) can rotate in different directions during the rotation of the rotating shaft (32).
3. The camellia oleifera fruit huller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper part of the pressure plate (36) is provided with a material guiding part (65), the material guiding part (65) is formed by partially inclining the pressure plate (36) outwards, and a feeding hole with a larger interval than that of the two pressure plates (36) is formed between the two material guiding parts (65).
4. The oil tea fruit huller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner wall of the control ring (42) corresponding to the plugging portion (43) is provided with a flange (46), and the inner side surface of the flange (46) is a curved surface with the middle part depressed towards the plugging portion (43).
5. The camellia oleifera fruit huller according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a third belt wheel (71) is further fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor (51), two ends of the material guide channel (21) are respectively and rotatably connected with a rotating wheel (72), a conveying belt (73) is connected between the two rotating wheels (72), a plurality of material stirring sheets (74) distributed at equal intervals are arranged on the outer side surface of the conveying belt (73), a fourth belt wheel (75) located outside the material guide channel (21) is further fixedly arranged on the rotating wheel (72) close to the head end of the material guide channel (21), and a second belt (76) is connected between the third belt wheel (71) and the fourth belt wheel (75).
6. The oil tea fruit huller according to claim 5, characterized in that the plectrum piece (74) on the conveyer belt (73) close to the bottom of the material guiding channel (21) is abutted against the bottom of the material guiding channel (21).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505090.1A CN112545001B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505090.1A CN112545001B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Tea-oil camellia fruit sheller |
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| CN112545001A true CN112545001A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112545001B CN112545001B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| CN112545002A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-26 | 湖北科技学院 | Oil tea fruit hulling mechanism with extruding and rubbing functions |
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| CN112545001B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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