CN112525484B - Simulation device and method for measuring resistance borne by ship body in sailing in sunshade ball - Google Patents

Simulation device and method for measuring resistance borne by ship body in sailing in sunshade ball Download PDF

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CN112525484B
CN112525484B CN202011399742.8A CN202011399742A CN112525484B CN 112525484 B CN112525484 B CN 112525484B CN 202011399742 A CN202011399742 A CN 202011399742A CN 112525484 B CN112525484 B CN 112525484B
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ship
sunshade
sunshade ball
pull rope
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CN112525484A (en
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刘建林
左平成
杨一祥
韩佳鲲
李子木
胡嘉奥
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China University of Petroleum East China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M10/00Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device and method for measuring the resistance of a ship body during navigation in a sunshade ball, and belongs to the technical field of ship model experiments. The device comprises a model mechanism, a moving mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the model mechanism comprises a model ship, a water tank, a sunshade ball model and a sunshade ball model storage box; the moving mechanism comprises a stretching device and a steering rod; the measuring mechanism comprises a tension sensor, a data processing device and a pull rope, the tension sensor is connected with the data processing device through a sensor data line, the steering rod is arranged below the tension sensor, one end of the pull rope is connected with the tension sensor, and the other end of the pull rope bypasses the steering rod and then is connected with the model ship. The simulation device and the method can simulate the physical phenomenon of the ship navigating on the water surface full of the shading balls more truly, avoid the defects of long construction period, high construction cost, complex technology and the like of a large-scale water pool, and optimize the motion complexity of the resistance borne by the ship on the water surface covering the shading balls.

Description

Simulation device and method for measuring resistance borne by ship body in sailing in sunshade ball
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship model experiments, and particularly relates to a simulation device and method for measuring resistance of a ship body during navigation in a sunshade ball.
Background
Water resources are one of the important resources on the earth, and are closely related to the production life of human beings. Although more than 70% of the earth is covered by oceans, less than 0.34% of fresh water resources can be utilized by human beings. In order to better utilize fresh water resources, a plurality of reservoirs are built in all countries, but evaporation of the reservoirs is a serious problem.
In order to reduce the evaporation of the reservoir, 9600 ten thousand sun-shading balls are put into the los angeles reservoir of sielmama, california in 2015 for the first time, and the sun-shading balls are laid on the water surface to shade the sun so as to reduce the evaporation of the water surface of the reservoir and protect a fresh water source. The sunshade ball is a polyethylene plastic ball with the diameter of 10 cm and carbon black, and in order to prevent the sunshade ball from being blown away by wind, the ball is filled with water with the volume of one third. The polyethylene material used by the sunshade balls is harmless to human bodies, and can be recycled after being recycled. The effect of the sun-shading ball is many, for example, the sun-shading can effectively reduce the growth of harmful algae in the reservoir, the most important effect is to reduce the evaporation of water, and the air can greatly reduce the surface temperature of water due to the hollow inside of the ball, so the evaporation amount is reduced.
However, it is more difficult to drive a ship in a reservoir filled with sunshade balls than a normal water surface because resistance generated by a composite force of the balls and water is complicated, and thus research on the ship is required. Chinese patent (application number 201911005479.7) discloses an icebreaker pool model experimental device, which designs an icebreaker pool test device for enabling moving floating ice to impact a model ship and is used for simulating and measuring the ice breaking resistance of the ship in the ice region. However, the sun shading balls are arranged in the reservoir, and different from floating ice in the sea, the sun shading balls have no speed, so that the technical scheme cannot be used for measuring the resistance of ship driving in the reservoir full of the sun shading balls.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a simulation device and a method for measuring the resistance of a ship body sailing in a sunshade ball, the simulation device and the method provide a pool ship simulation experiment device which can simulate the physical phenomenon of sailing on the water surface full of the sunshade ball really, avoid the defects of long construction period, high construction cost, complex technology and the like of a large pool, optimize the motion complexity of the resistance of the ship on the water surface covered by the sunshade ball, and design an experiment device for measuring the ship resistance sailing in the sunshade ball.
The invention provides a simulation device for measuring the resistance of a ship body during navigation in a sunshade ball, which comprises
The model mechanism comprises a model ship, a water tank, a sunshade ball model and a sunshade ball model storage box;
the moving mechanism comprises a stretching device and a steering rod;
the measuring mechanism comprises a tension sensor, a data processing device and a pull rope, the tension sensor is connected with the data processing device through a sensor data line, the steering rod is arranged below the tension sensor, one end of the pull rope is connected with the tension sensor, and the other end of the pull rope bypasses the steering rod and then is connected with the model ship.
Further, stretching device includes motor, base frame, top frame, slide rail, screw rod, electronic displacement platform and controller, the slide rail includes dead lever and slide bar, the screw rod is connected to the motor, bolt fixed connection is passed through on the screw rod to electronic displacement platform one end, and its other end is connected on the slide bar.
Furthermore, the tension sensor is connected to the lower end face of the electric displacement platform.
Further, the pull rope is tightly arranged on the horizontal plane between the model ship and the steering rod.
Furthermore, the model ship is a plurality of model ships with different shapes and specifications.
Further, the data processing device is a computer.
The invention also provides a simulation method for measuring the resistance of the ship body to sail in the sunshade ball, which is used for any one of the simulation devices for measuring the resistance of the ship body to sail in the sunshade ball, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: injecting water into the water tank to a required height, taking out the sunshade ball model from the sunshade ball model storage box, and uniformly arranging the sunshade ball model in the water tank to ensure that the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model on the water surface reaches a required percentage;
and 2, step: fixing a tension sensor on the lower surface of the electric displacement platform;
and step 3: placing the model ship on the water surface, tying one end of a pull rope to the bow of the model ship, and connecting the other end of the pull rope with a tension sensor by bypassing the steering rod;
and 4, step 4: switching on a stretching device, connecting a tension sensor with a data processing device, moving the model ship to a required starting position, operating the stretching device to enable a pull rope to be tightened and to be positioned in a vertical plane, checking whether the pull rope between a steering rod and the model ship is horizontal, and if not, injecting water into a water tank until the pull rope is horizontal;
and 5: adjusting the sunshade ball model in the water tank to be uniformly distributed, and then zeroing the tension sensor;
and 6: the controller is used for setting the displacement moving speed of the stretching device and then starting the stretching device to enable the electric displacement platform to move upwards, the model ship is pulled to move forwards in a water tank paved with the sunshade ball model, and the resistance borne by the model ship in the moving process can be measured by the tension sensor and recorded on the data processing device through the sensor data line;
and 7: after the model ship stops moving, the data processing device stores data recorded by the tension sensor, and the stretching device is operated to restore the electric displacement platform to the initial state.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
and step 8: and (4) changing the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model, and repeating the steps 4 to 7 in sequence to obtain the resistance of the model ship when the model ship runs on the liquid level under different coverage rates of the sunshade ball model.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
and step 8: and (4) disconnecting the pull rope from the model ship, replacing the model ships with different shapes, and repeating the steps 3 to 7 in sequence to obtain the resistance of the model ship models with different shapes when the model ship models run on the liquid level under the same coverage rate of the sunshade ball model.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a simulation device and a method for measuring the resistance of a ship body sailing in a sunshade ball, which can more truly simulate the physical phenomenon of the ship sailing on the water surface full of the sunshade ball, avoid the defects of long construction period, high construction cost, complex technology and the like of a large-scale water pool, optimize the motion complexity of the resistance of the ship on the water surface covered by the sunshade ball, and design an experimental device for measuring the ship resistance sailing in the sunshade ball.
The simulation device is simple in structure and low in cost, and the simulation method is simple to operate, can measure the resistance of the ship bodies in different shapes under a certain sunshade ball coverage rate in the sailing process, and can also measure the resistance of model ships in the same shape in the sailing process under different sunshade ball coverage rates, so that the problem of measuring the resistance of the ship bodies in the sunshade balls in the sailing process is solved, and the design of special ships is more convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a simulation device for measuring the resistance of a ship body during navigation in a sunshade ball, according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stretching apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a model ship 1, a water tank 2, a sun-shading ball model 3, a sun-shading ball model storage box 4, a stretching device 5, a motor 51, a base frame 52, a top frame 53, a sliding rail 54, a fixed rod 541, a sliding rod 542, a screw rod 55, an electric displacement platform 56, a controller 57, a steering rod 6, a sensor data line 7, a tension sensor 8, a data processing device 9 and a pull rope 10.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected or detachably connected; may be a mechanical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
The present embodiment will describe a simulation apparatus for measuring the resistance of a ship body when the ship body travels in a sunshade ball according to the present application with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a simulation apparatus for measuring the resistance of a ship body when navigating in a sunshade ball, the apparatus includes
The model mechanism comprises model ships 1, a water tank 2, a sunshade ball model 3 and a sunshade ball model storage box 4, wherein the water tank 2 is set to be a rectangular water tank 2, the rectangular water tank 2 contains water and the sunshade ball model 3, and the model ships 1 are a plurality of model ships 1 with different shapes and specifications;
the moving mechanism comprises a stretching device 5 and a steering rod 6;
the measuring mechanism comprises a tension sensor 8 connected through a sensor data line 7, a data processing device 9 and a pull rope 10, wherein the data processing device 9 is a computer, a steering rod 6 is arranged below the tension sensor 8, a stretching device 5 is connected with the computer, one end of the pull rope 10 is connected with the tension sensor 8, the other end of the pull rope is connected with a model ship 1 after vertically bypassing the steering rod 6 right below the tension sensor 8, the pull rope 10 is horizontally and tightly arranged on a horizontal plane between the model ship 1 and the steering rod 6, the pull rope 10 is integrally and vertically stretched and is connected with the steering rod 6, the tension sensor 8 and the stretching device 5 in the same vertical direction, so that the situation that the tensile force applied to the model ship 1 is controllable and the measured data of the tension sensor 8 are consistent is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, the stretching device 5 includes a motor 51, a base frame 52, a top frame 53, a slide rail 54, a screw 55, an electric displacement platform 56, and a controller 57, the motor 51 is connected to the screw 55, the motor 51 is a stepping motor, the slide rail 54 includes a fixing rod 541 and a slide bar 542, one end of the electric displacement platform 56 is fixedly connected to the screw 55 through a bolt, the other end of the electric displacement platform 56 is slidably connected to the slide bar 542, the tension sensor 8 is connected to a lower end surface of the electric displacement platform 56, the controller 57 sets a displacement moving speed, the screw 55 is controlled by the stepping motor to rotate inside the stretching device 5, and the rotation is converted into a movement in a vertical direction through the screw 55, so as to control the displacement of the moving end.
The steering rod 6, the tension sensor 8 and the stretching device 5 are all vertical to the horizontal plane.
The sunshade ball model 3 is stored in the sunshade ball model storage box 4, during measurement, water is contained in the water tank, and a certain amount of sunshade ball model 3 is taken out from the sunshade ball model storage box 4 according to experimental requirements and is uniformly arranged on the water surface of the water tank 2.
Example 2
The present embodiment will describe in detail a simulation method for measuring the resistance of a ship body when the ship body travels in a sunshade ball.
The method is applied to the simulation device for measuring the resistance borne by the ship body in sailing in the sunshade ball in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: water is injected into the water tank 2 to a required height, the sunshade ball model 3 is taken out from the sunshade ball model storage box 4, and the sunshade ball model 3 is uniformly distributed on the water surface of the water tank 2 to ensure that the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model 3 on the water surface reaches a certain percentage, generally between 50 and 200 percent;
and 2, step: fixing the tension sensor 8 on the lower end surface of the electric displacement platform 56;
and step 3: placing the model ship 1 on the water surface, tying one end of a pull rope 10 to the bow of the model ship 1, and connecting the other end of the pull rope to a tension sensor 8 by bypassing the steering rod 6;
and 4, step 4: switching on a power supply of the stretching device 5, connecting the tension sensor 8 with the data processing device 9, moving the model ship 1 to a required starting position, operating the stretching device 5 to enable the pull rope 10 to be tightened and to be positioned in a vertical plane, checking whether the pull rope 10 between the steering rod 6 and the model ship 1 is horizontal, and if not, injecting water into the water tank 2 until the pull rope 10 is horizontal;
and 5: adjusting the sunshade ball model 3 in the water tank 2 to be uniformly distributed, and then, zeroing the tension sensor 8 by using a data processing device 9;
step 6: the controller 57 is used for setting the displacement moving speed of the stretching device 5 and then starting the stretching device to enable the electric displacement platform 56 to move upwards, the model ship 1 is pulled to move forwards in the water tank 2 paved with the sunshade ball model 3, the resistance borne by the model ship 1 in the moving process can be measured by the tension sensor 8, and the resistance is displayed and recorded on the data processing device 9 through the sensor data line 7;
and 7: after the model ship 1 stops moving, the data processing device 9 stores the data recorded by the tension sensor 8, and the stretching device 5 is operated to restore the electric displacement platform 56 to the initial state.
Example 3
The present embodiment will describe in detail a simulation method for measuring the resistance of a ship body when the ship body travels in a sunshade ball.
The method is applied to the simulation device for measuring the resistance borne by the ship body in sailing in the sunshade ball in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: injecting water into the water tank 2 to a required height, taking out the sunshade ball model 3 from the sunshade ball model storage box 4, and uniformly arranging the sunshade ball model 3 on the water surface of the water tank 2 to ensure that the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model 3 on the water surface reaches 100 percent;
step 2: fixing the tension sensor 8 on the lower end surface of the electric displacement platform 56;
and 3, step 3: placing the model ship 1 on the water surface, tying one end of a pull rope 10 to the bow of the model ship 1, and connecting the other end of the pull rope to a tension sensor 8 by bypassing the steering rod 6;
and 4, step 4: switching on a power supply of the stretching device 5, connecting the tension sensor 8 with the data processing device 9, moving the model ship 1 to a required starting position, operating the stretching device 5 to enable the pull rope 10 to be tightened and to be positioned in a vertical plane, checking whether the pull rope 10 between the steering rod 6 and the model ship 1 is horizontal, and if not, injecting water into the water tank 2 until the pull rope 10 is horizontal;
and 5: adjusting the sunshade ball model 3 in the water tank 2 to be uniformly distributed, and then, zeroing the tension sensor 8 by using a data processing device 9;
and 6: the controller 57 is used for setting the displacement moving speed of the stretching device 5 and then starting the stretching device to enable the electric displacement platform 56 to move upwards, the model ship 1 is pulled to move forwards in the water tank 2 paved with the sunshade ball model 3, the resistance borne by the model ship 1 in the moving process can be measured by the tension sensor 8, and the resistance is displayed and recorded on the data processing device 9 through the sensor data line 7;
and 7: after the model ship 1 stops moving, the data processing device 9 stores the data recorded by the tension sensor 8, and the stretching device 5 is operated to restore the electric displacement platform 56 to the initial state;
and 8: and (3) after the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model 3 in the water tank 2 is changed, repeating the steps 4 to 7 in sequence, and obtaining the resistance borne by the model ship 1 when the model ship runs on the liquid level under different coverage rates of the sunshade ball model 3.
Example 4
The present embodiment will describe in detail a simulation method for measuring the resistance of a ship body when the ship body travels in a sunshade ball according to the present application.
The method is applied to the simulation device for measuring the resistance borne by the ship body in sailing in the sunshade ball in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: injecting water into the water tank 2 to a required height, taking out the sunshade ball model 3 from the sunshade ball model storage box 4, and uniformly arranging the sunshade ball model 3 on the water surface of the water tank 2 to ensure that the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model 3 on the water surface reaches 100 percent;
and 2, step: fixing the tension sensor 8 on the lower surface of the electric displacement platform 56;
and step 3: placing the model ship 1 on the water surface, tying one end of a pull rope 10 to the bow of the model ship 1, and connecting the other end of the pull rope to a tension sensor 8 by bypassing the steering rod 6;
and 4, step 4: switching on a power supply of the stretching device 5, connecting a tension sensor 8 with a data processing device 9, moving the model ship 1 to a required starting position, operating the stretching device 5 to enable a pull rope 10 to be tightened and to be positioned in a vertical plane, checking whether the pull rope 10 between the steering rod 6 and the model ship 1 is horizontal, and if not, injecting water into the water tank 2 until the pull rope 10 is horizontal;
and 5: adjusting the sunshade ball model 3 in the water tank 2 to be uniformly distributed, and then, zeroing the tension sensor 8 by using a data processing device 9;
step 6: the controller 57 is used for setting the displacement moving speed of the stretching device 5 and then starting the stretching device to enable the electric displacement platform 56 to move upwards, the model ship 1 is pulled to move forwards in the water tank 2 paved with the sunshade ball model 3, the resistance borne by the model ship 1 in the moving process can be measured by the tension sensor 8, and the resistance is displayed and recorded on the data processing device 9 through the sensor data line 7;
and 7: after the model ship 1 stops moving, the data processing device 9 stores the data recorded by the tension sensor 8, and the stretching device 5 is operated to restore the electric displacement platform 56 to the initial state;
and 8: and (3) disconnecting the pull rope 10 from the model ship 1, replacing the model ships 1 with different shapes, and then repeating the steps 3 to 7 in sequence to obtain the resistance of the model ships 1 with different shapes when the model ships 1 run on the liquid surface under the same coverage rate of the sunshade ball model 3.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood that the embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A simulation device for measuring the resistance of a ship body during navigation in a sunshade ball is characterized by comprising
The model mechanism comprises a model ship, a water tank, a sunshade ball model and a sunshade ball model storage box;
the moving mechanism comprises a stretching device (5) and a steering rod (6), wherein the stretching device (5) comprises a motor, a base frame, a top frame, a sliding rail, a screw rod, an electric displacement platform and a controller, the sliding rail comprises a fixed rod and a sliding rod, the motor is connected with the screw rod, one end of the electric displacement platform is fixedly connected onto the screw rod through a bolt, and the other end of the electric displacement platform is connected onto the sliding rod;
measuring mechanism, including force sensor (8), data processing device (9) and stay cord (10), force sensor (8) and data processing device (9) link to each other through sensor data line (7), steering column (6) set up in force sensor (8) below, force sensor (8) are connected to stay cord (10) one end, and the other end links to each other with model ship (1) after bypassing steering column (6), force sensor connects in electric displacement platform's lower terminal surface.
2. The simulator of claim 1, wherein the pull rope is tautly disposed at a level between the model boat and the steering column.
3. The simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the model vessel is a plurality of model vessels of different shapes and sizes.
4. The simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data processing apparatus is a computer.
5. A simulation method for measuring the resistance of a ship body to sail in a sunshade ball, which is used for the simulation device for measuring the resistance of the ship body to sail in the sunshade ball according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and which comprises the following steps:
step 1: injecting water into the water tank to a required height, taking out the sunshade ball model from the sunshade ball model storage box, and uniformly arranging the sunshade ball models in the water tank to enable the coverage rate of the sunshade ball models on the water surface to reach a required percentage;
step 2: fixing a tension sensor on the lower end face of the electric displacement platform;
and 3, step 3: placing the model ship on the water surface, tying one end of a pull rope to the bow of the model ship, and connecting the other end of the pull rope to a tension sensor by bypassing a steering rod;
and 4, step 4: switching on a stretching device, connecting a tension sensor with a data processing device, moving the model ship to a required starting position, operating the stretching device to enable a pull rope to be tightened and to be positioned in a vertical plane, checking whether the pull rope between a steering rod and the model ship is horizontal, and if not, injecting water into a water tank until the pull rope is horizontal;
and 5: adjusting the sunshade ball model in the water tank to be uniformly distributed, and then zeroing the tension sensor;
and 6: the controller is used for setting the displacement moving speed of the stretching device and then starting the stretching device to enable the electric displacement platform to move upwards, the model ship is pulled to move forwards in a water tank paved with the sunshade ball model, and the resistance borne by the model ship in the moving process can be measured by the tension sensor and recorded on the data processor through the sensor data line;
and 7: and after the model ship stops moving, the data processing device stores the data recorded by the tension sensor, and the stretching device is operated to restore the electric displacement platform to the initial state.
6. The simulation method of claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
and 8: and (4) changing the coverage rate of the sunshade ball model, and repeating the steps from 4 to 7 in sequence to obtain the resistance borne by the model ship when the model ship runs on the liquid level under different coverage rates of the sunshade ball model.
7. The simulation method of claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
and 8: and (3) disconnecting the pull rope from the model ship, replacing the model ships with different shapes, and repeating the steps from 3 to 7 in sequence, so that the resistance borne by the model ships with different shapes when the model ships run on the liquid level under the same coverage rate of the sunshade ball model can be obtained.
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