CN112511146B - 一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路与方法 - Google Patents

一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路与方法 Download PDF

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CN112511146B
CN112511146B CN202110138930.3A CN202110138930A CN112511146B CN 112511146 B CN112511146 B CN 112511146B CN 202110138930 A CN202110138930 A CN 202110138930A CN 112511146 B CN112511146 B CN 112511146B
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濮正林
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Shanghai Southchip Semiconductor Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/08104Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路,主要解决现有串联背靠背开关管的关断电路芯片封装体积大、成本高的问题。本发明通过内部串联背靠背NMOS管M1和M2拟合出外部管子的共源极CS电压,当关断信号OFF为高时,作为下拉管的NMOS管M5和M6打开,PMOS管M3在拟合的共源极CS电压的基础上为PMOS管M4提供偏置,NMOS管N1、N2的共栅极GATE通过M4、M6下拉,最终GATE被下拉至拟合CS电压,实现背靠背管子的关断,同时又保护了背靠背管子的栅源极不过压。这样使得关断电路不需要直接检测或者控制背靠背管子的共源极CS电压,而是巧妙的利用内部串联背靠背管子M1、M2拟合CS电压,再通过M3、M4、M6实现GATE下拉的钳位,最终使得GATE电压被下拉至CS,降低了体积和成本。

Description

一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路与方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电源管理技术领域,具体地说,是涉及一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路与方法。
背景技术
MOSFET管常被用来做开关管,但是由于MOSFET的体二极管的存在使得MOSFET只能阻断一个方向的电流,而另一方向的电流仍然会通过MOSFET的体二极管传输。应用上一般使用串联背靠背的MOSFET来解决这一问题,如图1所示,CS为两个MOSFET的共源端,当两个管子都处于关断状态时,两个体二极管处于背靠背连接,从而两个方向的电流均被切断。这种串联背靠背NMOS的应用,可以将GATE电压拉低至GND来关闭MOSFET,但是在高压应用场合下,为了保护管子的栅极和源极压差不过压,还需要在CS和GATE之间增加一个钳位二极管。
如图2所示,当管子处于导通状态时,GATE电压高于CS电压,二极管处于反偏状态;当管子关闭GATE电压拉低至GND时,二极管正向导通,使得CS电压可以跟随GATE电压下拉至GND,起到栅源电压钳位作用。但是这样设计的缺点在于需要多一路共源极CS信号控制,而额外增加一路信号控制会需要增加控制芯片的管脚数目,增加芯片封装体积和成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路,主要解决现有串联背靠背开关管的关断电路芯片封装体积大、成本高的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路,包括背靠背共源极相连的NMOS管N1、N2,其中NMOS管N1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管N2的漏极作为信号输出端OUT,还包括背靠背共源极相连后与NMOS管N1、N2相连的NMOS管M1、M2,源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共源极端相连的PMOS管M3, 栅极与PMOS管M3的栅极相连且源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共栅极相连的PMOS管M4,漏极与PMOS管M3的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M5,以及漏极与PMOS管M4的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M6;其中,NMOS管M1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管M2的漏极连接信号输出端OUT,PMOS管M3的栅极与源极相连,NMOS管M5、M6栅极相连且用于接收关断信号OFF。
基于上述关断电路,本发明还提供了一种串联背靠背开关管的关断方法,包括如下步骤:
(S1)串联背靠背NMOS管 M1和M2的共源极拟合出外部管子的共源极CS电压;
(S2)输入的关断信号OFF为高时,作为下拉管的NMOS管M5和M6打开;
(S3)PMOS管M3在拟合CS电压的基础上为PMOS管M4提供栅极偏置,外置背靠背NMOS管N1、N2的共栅极GATE通过M4、M6下拉,最终GATE被下拉钳位至拟合CS电压,实现背靠背管子N1、N2的关断。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明通过串联背靠背NMOS管 M1和M2拟合出外部管子共源极电压,在此拟合电压的基础上控制外部背靠背管子的关断,摒弃直接检测或者控制背靠背管子的共源极电压的方式,既可以实现管子的关断,同时又能达到保护外部背靠背管子栅源不过压的目的。该电路实现方式简单,为控制芯片节省了控制管脚,降低了体积和成本。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中两个共源背靠背开关管的结构示意图。
图2为现有技术中背靠背开关管的关断电路结构示意图。
图3为本发明的关断电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明和实施例对本发明作进一步说明,本发明的方式包括但不仅限于以下实施例。
实施例
如图3所示,本发明公开的一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路,包括背靠背共源极相连的NMOS管N1、N2,其中,NMOS管N1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管N2的漏极作为信号输出端OUT;还包括背靠背共源极相连后与NMOS管N1、N2相连的NMOS管M1、M2,源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共源极端相连的PMOS管M3, 栅极与PMOS管M3的栅极相连且源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共栅极相连的PMOS管M4,漏极与PMOS管M3的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M5,以及漏极与PMOS管M4的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M6;其中,NMOS管M1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管M2的漏极连接信号输出端OUT,PMOS管M3的栅极与源极相连,NMOS管M5、M6栅极相连且用于接收关断信号OFF。
在输入端IN和输出端OUT之间的串联背靠背的NMOS管N1、N2在关断状态下可起到阻断双向电流的目的,本发明中的关断电路通过内部串联背靠背NMOS 管M1和M2拟合出外部管子的共源极CS电压,当关断信号OFF为高时,作为下拉管的NMOS管M5和M6打开,PMOS管M3在拟合的共源极CS电压的基础上为PMOS管M4提供栅极偏置,外置背靠背NMOS管N1、N2的共栅极GATE通过M4、M6下拉,最终GATE被下拉至拟合CS电压,实现背靠背管子的关断,同时又保护了背靠背管子的栅源极不过压。这样使得关断电路不需要直接检测或者控制背靠背管子的共源极CS电压,而是巧妙的利用内部串联背靠背管子M1、M2拟合CS电压,再通过M3、M4、M6实现GATE下拉的钳位,最终使得GATE电压被下拉至CS。本发明的关断电路实现简单,为控制芯片节省了CS管脚,降低了体积和成本。因此,与现有技术相比,本发明具有突出的实质性特点和显著的进步。
上述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施方式之一,不应当用于限制本发明的保护范围,但凡在本发明的主体设计思想和精神上作出的毫无实质意义的改动或润色,其所解决的技术问题仍然与本发明一致的,均应当包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种串联背靠背开关管的关断电路,包括背靠背共源极相连的NMOS管N1、N2,其中NMOS管N1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管N2的漏极作为信号输出端OUT,其特征在于,还包括背靠背共源极相连后与NMOS管N1、N2相连的NMOS管M1、M2,源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共源极端相连的PMOS管M3, 栅极与PMOS管M3的栅极相连且源极与NMOS管M1、M2的共栅极相连的PMOS管M4,漏极与PMOS管M3的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M5,以及漏极与PMOS管M4的漏极相连且源极接地的NMOS管M6;其中,NMOS管M1的漏极连接信号输入端IN,NMOS管M2的漏极连接信号输出端OUT,PMOS管M3的栅极与源极相连,NMOS管M5、M6栅极相连且用于接收关断信号OFF。
2.一种串联背靠背开关管的关断方法,其特征在于,采用了如权利要求1所述的关断电路,包括如下步骤:
(S1)串联背靠背NMOS管 M1和M2的共源极拟合出外置背靠背NMOS管N1、N2的共源极CS电压;
(S2)输入的关断信号OFF为高时,作为下拉管的NMOS管M5和M6打开;
(S3)PMOS管M3在拟合CS电压的基础上为PMOS管M4提供栅极偏置,外置背靠背NMOS管N1、N2的共栅极GATE通过M4、M6下拉,最终GATE被下拉钳位至拟合CS电压,实现外置背靠背NMOS管N1、N2的关断。
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