CN112482041A - 一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：(1)将无机胶体粒子与丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体、光引发剂、抗菌剂于水中均匀分散，得到生色涂布液，生色涂布液中无机胶体粒子的质量分数为30—40％；(2)将步骤(1)得到的生色涂布液均匀涂覆于面料表面，再经紫外光固化、干燥得到所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。通过这种方法得到的面料可呈现艳丽色彩；丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体光聚合后可在无机胶体粒子间形成交替网络结构，提高光子晶体结构色在面料表面的上色牢度。同时赋予面料防水特性；抗菌剂的引入可赋予面料抗菌性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料及其制备方法，属于纺织面料技术领域。
背景技术
传统的化学上染主要依赖于染料分子与光的相互作用，随着时间的延长，染料分子会发生光分解及褪色现象。而结构着色主要依靠物质的微观结构与光的物理作用，无需使用化学有色物质即可获得亮度高、饱和度高、光谱范围广的艳丽色彩，可以经历漫长时间洗礼而不褪色，且着色过程避免了传统印染带来的环境污染，是一种绿色环保的显色技术。
纺织面料表面结构疏松多孔，容易沾染人体新陈代谢分泌的汗液和油脂，是微生物附着、繁殖和传播的良好基质。为了保护纺织品不被微生物污染，保护人体健康，将纺织品抗菌功能化尤为重要。功能纺织品主要包括着色和后整理两步工序，其中，后整理主要是通过浸渍、涂层、覆膜等手段引入所需的功能整理剂或者是将具有特殊功能的物质附着在纺织品上，以达到纺织品所需的功能。但过多附着在纺织品上具有特殊功能的物质或整理剂的使用会影响织物的柔韧性、抗静电性及其他性能，且着色与后整理工艺一般都是比较耗能、耗水、浪费资源的过程。若能在保证获得色彩艳丽的纺织品基础上，通过一步法实现纺织品的着色并赋予纺织品抗菌、防水的性能，有利于推动功能性纺织品的发展。
本发明旨在开发一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料，此种面料是通过在其表面涂覆一层特制的生色液，采用一步涂覆法使面料快速上染鲜艳明亮的颜色，并且赋予面料耐水洗、耐摩擦、防水、抗菌的性能。
发明内容
本发明提供一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料及其制备方法。该面料是通过将无机胶体粒子与丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体、光引发剂、抗菌剂均匀分散后，涂覆于面料表面，紫外光固化、干燥得到。通过这种方法得到的面料可呈现艳丽色彩；丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体光聚合后可在无机胶体粒子间形成交替网络结构，提高光子晶体结构色在面料表面的上色牢度。同时赋予面料防水特性；抗菌剂的引入可赋予面料抗菌性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是这样实现的：
本发明所涉及的一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将无机胶体粒子与丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体、光引发剂、抗菌剂于水中均匀分散，得到生色涂布液，所述生色涂布液中无机胶体粒子的质量分数为30—40％；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的生色涂布液均匀涂覆于面料表面，再经紫外光固化、干燥得到所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：步骤(1)所述的无机胶体粒子为二氧化硅(SiO2)、二氧化钛(TiO2)、二氧化锆(ZrO2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化铜(CuO)、氧化铬(Cr2O3)、硫化镉(CdS)、二氧化锡(SnO2)中的任意一种。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述的光敏胶粘单体为丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯的任意一种。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述的光引发剂为2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮、2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮和樟脑醌中的任意一种。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述的抗菌剂为聚已亚甲基盐酸、聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、有机硅季铵盐中的任意一种。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：步骤(2)所述的面料为蚕丝、羊毛、棉布、涤纶、锦纶中的任意一种。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用一步涂覆法使面料快速上染，色彩艳丽，亮度、饱和度高，不易褪色，同时赋予面料耐水洗、耐摩擦、疏水、抗菌的性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例，进一步阐述本发明。这些实施案例仅用于本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员对本发明做各种改动或修改均为本申请所附权利要求书限定的范围。
本发明所涉及的一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，(1)将无机胶体粒子与丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体、光引发剂、抗菌剂于水中均匀分散，得到生色涂布液，所述生色涂布液中无机胶体粒子的质量分数为30—40％；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的生色涂布液均匀涂覆于面料表面，再经紫外光固化、干燥得到所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
实施例1
采用种子法制备SiO2胶体微球，反应后醇洗三次，分散于水中得到固含量为35％的胶体粒子分散液；将丙烯酸羟乙酯、2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮、聚已亚甲基盐酸按比例加入胶体粒子分散液中，超声分散均匀得到生色液；将羊毛面料洗净干燥后，将生色液均匀涂布于预处理羊毛面料表面，置于紫外灯下固化15min，移至40℃恒温加热板上蒸干溶剂，即得本发明的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
实施例2-4
利用发明内容所述的光引发剂中2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮和樟脑醌代替实施例1中的2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮制备生色液，其他条件与实施例1一致。
实施例5-6
利用发明内容所述的抗菌剂中聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、有机硅季铵盐代替实施例1中的聚已亚甲基盐酸制备生色液，其他条件与实施例1一致。
实施例7
将丙烯酸丁酯、2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮、聚已亚甲基盐酸按比例加入TiO2胶体粒子分散液中，超声分散均匀得到生色液；将涤纶面料洗净干燥后，将生色液均匀涂布于预处理涤纶面料表面，置于紫外灯下固化15min，移至40℃恒温加热板上蒸干溶剂，即得本发明的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
实施例8-13
利用发明内容所述的光敏胶粘单体中丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯代替实施例7中的丙烯酸丁酯制备生色液，其他条件与实施例7一致。
实施例14-17：
利用发明内容所述的面料中羊毛、蚕丝、棉布、锦纶代替实施例7中的涤纶作为面料基材，其他条件与实施例7一致。
实施例18：
将丙烯酸丁酯、2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮、聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐按比例加入二氧化锆胶体粒子分散液中，超声分散均匀得到生色液；将蚕丝面料洗净干燥后，将生色液均匀涂布于预处理蚕丝面料表面，置于紫外灯下固化15min，移至40℃恒温加热板上蒸干溶剂，即得本发明的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
实施例19-25：
利用发明内容所述的无机胶体粒子中氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化铜(CuO)、氧化铬(Cr2O3)、硫化镉(CdS)、二氧化锡(SnO2)代替实施例18中的二氧化锆(ZrO2)制备生色液，其他条件与实施例18一致。
实施例26-27：
利用发明内容所述的抗菌剂中聚已亚甲基盐酸、有机硅季铵盐代替实施例18中的聚已亚甲基盐酸制备生色液，其他条件与实施例18一致。
实施例28-33：
利用发明内容所述的光敏胶粘单体中丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯代替实施例18中的丙烯酸丁酯制备生色液，其他条件与实施例18一致。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将无机胶体粒子与丙烯酸酯类光敏胶粘单体、光引发剂、抗菌剂于水中均匀分散，得到生色涂布液，所述生色涂布液中无机胶体粒子的质量分数为30—40％；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的生色涂布液均匀涂覆于面料表面，再经紫外光固化、干燥得到所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述的无机胶体粒子为二氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆、氧化锌、氧化镁、氧化铜、氧化铬、硫化镉、二氧化锡中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的光敏胶粘单体为丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的光引发剂为2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮、2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮和樟脑醌中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的抗菌剂为聚已亚甲基盐酸、聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐、有机硅季铵盐中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的色彩艳丽的防水抗菌面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述的面料为蚕丝、羊毛、棉布、涤纶、锦纶中的任意一种。
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