CN112481159A - Microbial agent and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a microbial agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of hydroxide bacteria, 20-25 parts of azotobacter, 10-20 parts of actinomycetes and 8-15 parts of fungi. The microbial agent disclosed by the invention has a certain synergistic effect through the combination of the hydroxide bacteria, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the actinomycetes and the fungi, can improve the yield of the corn, promotes the growth of the corn root hairs, and can prevent the corn northern leaf blight.

Description

Microbial agent and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for planting corn.

Background

Corn is an important cultivated crop in China, and the economic and social status of the corn is second to that of wheat and rice. The corn has a developed root system, has aerial roots exposed on the ground surface, is tall and big in plant and thick in leaf, belongs to four-carbon crops, has very strong photosynthetic efficiency and the capacity of accumulating more organic matters, and has very huge production potential. The corn is favored with heat and fertilizer, scientifically manages the corn, is suitable for cultivation technology, can promote the prevention and control of corn diseases and insect pests, improves the corn yield, realizes the prosperity of agricultural rural areas, and ensures the stability and stability of the national animal husbandry and the planting industry. Corn is more than rice at present and becomes the highest total yield food crop in our country.

The silage corns are the most important feed source in the animal husbandry, and under a better cultivation condition, one mu of silage corns can be used for breeding one cow or five pigs, and the grains, the stems and the leaves are all important energy sources of the livestock. One cow needs about 20 kg of silage corn feed every day, and one cow needs 11-14 tons of silage feed every year. The supply of corn silage is directly related to the production and supply of milk. One consensus in the dairy industry is that good operation in a dairy farm requires stable high quality silage.

The traditional corn planting method is a hole single-plant cultivation mode, and farmers pay attention to the planting process in five important links: selection of planting varieties, determination of a sowing period, final planting density, mulching film seedling and mulching film transplanting in an early spring period, application and selection of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In fact, due to the practical conditions, the growth of the corn is in an unfavorable situation caused by a plurality of factors, such as limited root system expansion, easy wind and rain lodging, reduced pollination, too fast evaporation of surface water, lower yield in the final harvest period and gliding quality. The most troubled farmers are that the easy lodging and planting density of the corn cannot be improved, but simply increasing the planting density of the corn can cause the problems that the root system is poor and easy to lodge, the interline ventilation and light transmission are poor and the diseases and insect pests are easy to cause.

Traditional corn planting methods waste time and money and lose soil moisture (humidity of the soil in the field). For the XingAn union region in the northeast of inner Mongolia, farmers can revise the soil again in April, so that the soil quality is soft, the soil moisture is reduced, and large-scale machinery is convenient to advance into the ground. As a result, soil moisture is lost, and in addition, the corn seedlings in spring consume more water, transient water shortage in spring can be caused, and water resource shortage in spring and later summer can be caused. The corn production cost is high due to the fact that the corn is prepared again and the corn is covered with the film, and income is affected. This farming regime not only increases production costs, but also threatens the farmland ecosystem, for example white plastics may be transmitted through the ecological chain into the bodies of higher animals and humans.

Easy to fall down. Due to the fact that corns are planted in successive years and chemical fertilizers and pesticides are unreasonably applied, the soil structure and the physicochemical properties are caused to be problematic, the root systems of the corns are very fragile, and the root systems grow poorly. In addition, excessive fertilizer application before and after jointing stage causes the base to be too long, two and three sections too long, too brittle and too thin. The internode is elongated, the plant height is increased, and the hidden trouble is caused to the lodging in the later period. Meanwhile, seedlings with underdeveloped root systems grow green and flourishing. In addition, stem base rot and other root diseases caused by continuous cropping and planting, and water and fertilizer competition between weeds are also reasons for corn lodging.

Is easy to be dry and water-deficient. In the inner Mongolia Xingan union region (for example), the climate is temperate continental monsoon climate, the summer is only two months, although the light energy resource is abundant, the average value of annual precipitation is 373-467 mm, the annual variability of precipitation is large, the guarantee rate is low, and about 75% of annual precipitation is concentrated in june to august. Irrigation water for spring agriculture in Mengxing alliance is insufficient, and particularly in the years with less rainfall, the water shortage is more serious. More seriously, the water-holding capacity of the soil root system is insufficient, the root system of the crop is shallow and short due to perennial continuous cropping and abuse of fertilizer and pesticide, the water at the bottom layer cannot be well utilized by deep pricking, and the plant shows obvious water shortage symptom after mild drought of climate.

Explosive and ill insect attack. Common diseases and pests of corn include northern leaf blight, banded sclerotial blight, stem rot and corn rust. For example, the outbreak of corn northern leaf blight typically causes scabs, damages leaves, and also damages leaf sheaths and leaf coatings, and the disease develops rapidly and is easy to pandemic in continuous rainy days from the stage of jointing to ear emergence. Corn is more likely to cause diseases when planted in low-lying land and continuous cropping land. The disease prevention strategy is to spray pyraclostrobin missible oil or 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder by adding water, and spray 1 time every 7 days for preventing and treating 3 times. But chemical drugs in successive years cause toxic strains to be screened, so that the prevention and treatment of drugs are easier to break through.

The root system is weak and has poor absorption capacity. Under the current farming mode, the corn root system can not deeply prick the ground bottom, and the root system stays on the soil surface layer, and the ability of absorbing nutrition and moisture is relatively poor. Meanwhile, compared with wild species, the domesticated species is reduced more in the aspects of root system expansion and nutrient absorption. Sufficient water and fertilizer and frequent pesticide application cause the root system to be lazy and tender.

The fertilizer consumption is large. The current corn planting management mode is a compound fertilizer which uses nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in excess, wherein nitrogen fertilizers are mainly used, nitrogen fertilizers and other chemical fertilizers do not contain organic matters and humus, and soil is grown in the year over the year, due to the lack of the organic matters and the humus, the granular structure of the soil is damaged, so that soil hardening is caused, and the yield of agricultural plants is reduced. Secondly, nitrogen fertilizer is easy to run off and volatilize, the utilization rate is less than half, phosphate fertilizer is easy to form insoluble substances with calcium, magnesium and aluminum cations, the utilization rate is not high, and potassium fertilizer is easy to run off and the utilization rate is less than half. Therefore, farmers are applied with chemical fertilizers more abundantly, and the physical and chemical properties of soil humus and granular structure soil are in worse and worse conditions.

High agricultural investment and low profit. The planting density of the corns in the farmers is 3500-. Because of the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria of soil-borne diseases and the explosive attack of pests in the field, farmers use the pesticide for multiple times, and the labor cost and the chemical agent cost are higher. And the fertilizer applied to the soil cannot be efficiently absorbed, so that the fertilizer input is overlarge. Corn is growing increasingly unattractive to growers at present because of the imbalance between income and cost.

In early spring, farmers use a large amount of mulching films for early planting, the cost of each mu of mulching films is about one hundred yuan, and the mulching films account for a small proportion of corn planting investment. The investment of the mulching film is saved, namely the income of farmers is increased. The technology of the hydroxide bacteria azotobacter microbe group does not need to lay a mulching film, but postpones two weeks for direct sowing. That means that the investment per mu of land is reduced by about one hundred yuan. The technology for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria microbe group of the hydroxide bacteria is used for directly sowing in loose ground without airing soil, so that the water content of the soil is kept, and sufficient water is reserved for the growth of crops in three months in summer. In arid and semi-arid regions in the northern China, the important point of agricultural planting is to maintain the soil moisture content, reduce the investment of mulching films and directly sow in loose soil, thereby laying a foundation for improving the income and balancing the balance of silage corns.

The probability of lodging is higher for maize plants with excessive fertilization, vigorous growth of joints, fine stems and poor root system development. The technology for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria microbiome of the hydroxide bacteria does not need to apply a large amount of chemical fertilizers before and after the jointing stage, and the microbial inoculum microbiome can fix nitrogen and release nutrient elements in soil. Meanwhile, the root system is protected and developed under the action of a biological membrane of nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the hydroxide bacteria, the root system is punctured into the ground, the coverage of the root system on the ground surface is wide, and the risk of lodging of the root can be greatly reduced. And sufficient phosphorus and potassium elements are released, excessive applied nitrogen fertilizer in the soil is restrained, three sections of stalks close to the base part are not excessively pulled up, and stalk lodging is reduced.

The inner Mongolia XingAn union area is often suffered from high-temperature and rainless weather, the drought condition is aggravated, the duration is longer, and even the corn cob-forming in the cultivated land is an invalid cob. Most of steep-slope corn is dead, the corn on gentle slope has no corn cob or corn cob, and the corn cob on water-irrigated land is not full. In high-temperature, rain-less and windy weather, soil moisture loss of cultivated land is also serious. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria microbial group of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria can increase the granular structure of soil, stimulate the microbial bacteria to form a biological film and effectively maintain soil moisture. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria group of the hydroxide bacteria can stimulate the development of the root system, expand the development and development of the root system, extend the root system deep underground and absorb water, thereby improving the utilization rate of the water and improving the water-saving and drought-resisting capability of crops.

The Xingan alliance belongs to a semi-arid rain farming agricultural region, crops are planted mainly from corn, soybean, potato and sunflower, intensive farming and unscientific management modes are carried out in successive years, and various plant diseases and insect pests which cause the crops to occur are various, such as corn head smut, corn northern leaf blight, soybean cyst nematode disease, soybean root rot, soybean mosaic virus disease, potato ring rot, late blight, virus disease, rice blast, rice seedling blight, bacterial wilt, rice bakanae disease, sunflower sclerotinia disease, sunflower downy mildew, sunflower black spot, sunflower broomrape and melon downy mildew. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria group of the hydroxide bacteria can compete with soil-borne disease bacteria for ecological niche and even kill harmful bacteria, and simultaneously, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria group can mutually and reciprocally symbiotic with beneficial bacteria and neutral bacteria of soil, maintain good rhizosphere state and prevent and treat soil-borne harmful bacteria. Most of the beneficial bacteria on the surface of the root system are gram-negative bacteria, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria group of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria can promote the survival and colonization of the gram-negative bacteria in the root system and the soil to form a rhizosphere microbial community beneficial to the corn.

At present, multiple problems are caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers in corn planting, the amount of the applied chemical fertilizers is relatively high per mu of corn, but the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizers is relatively low. A large amount of chemical fertilizers are used, but the utilization rate is not high, and the non-point source pollution of the agricultural fertilizers is caused. Excessive and unreasonable application of chemical fertilizers has great influence on the environment, and water becomes black, the soil becomes grey and the soil becomes weak. And the soil acidification is intensified by excessive fertilizer application, and the average pH value of the farmland soil is reduced by 0.5 pH value unit. Soil acidification causes the enrichment of heavy metal elements in soil and the enhancement of metal ion activity, and is easy to cause the heavy metal of crops to exceed the standard. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes the destruction of soil structure, and the application proportion between organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers and between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is unbalanced for a long time, so that soil is hardened. The problem of long-term blind, excessive and inefficient fertilizer application can be alleviated by the combination of the hydroxide bacteria azotobacter group, after the hydroxide bacteria azotobacter group is applied to a farmland, the functions of azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in soil are enhanced, effective nutrient elements are released, humus components of the soil are improved, and the overused fertilizer is replaced.

The traditional planting income in the inner Mongolia Xingan alliance region is lower, and the farming method is old and inefficient. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria group of the hydroxide bacteria and the use strategy thereof can improve the planting regulation and increase the planting income comprehensively. Generally speaking, the planting density of corn in farmers is 3500-. But the application of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria can increase the density of the corn by one time by matching with the planting regulation, reduce the input of chemical fertilizers and pesticides for colleagues by half, do not need to spend membrane paving and reduce the investment. Most importantly, the yield is doubled, the benefit is increased, and the yield and the quality of the silage corn are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a microbial agent which consists of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, and seeds and leaves of plants can be treated by the microbial agent to improve the yield of crops.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a microbial agent is composed of the following strain fermentation broth in parts by weight:

wherein the actinomycete is streptomycete or micromonospora; the fungus is Gliocladium virens, Penicillium or Aspergillus.

The compound microbial agent consisting of the hydroxide bacteria, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the actinomycetes and the fungi can replace part of nitrogen fertilizers, can provide rich nutrient substances for plants, promote the growth and development of the plants, and simultaneously can prevent and control the corn northern leaf blight and improve the immunocompetence of crops. The azotobacteria is mainly used for removing N in the air₂Conversion to NH₃Providing N fertilizer for plants; the hydroxide bacteria are mainly used for absorbing H released by nitrogen-fixing bacteria₂Decrease H₂The actinomycetes are mainly used for promoting the development of plant roots and improving the capacity of the plant roots to absorb nutrient substances; the fungi can decompose macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters, are more beneficial to the absorption of plants, and improve the fertilizerUtilization rate; the fungi can also produce antibiotics, compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrition, produce micro-parasitic enzymes and cell wall decomposition enzymes, induce plants to generate resistance, prevent and treat diseases or inhibit pathogens, and synthesize various amino acids and various vitamins, such as riboflavin, biotin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, ascorbic acid and other nutrient substances beneficial to plant growth.

Preferably, the hydrogen oxidizing bacteria are H-phagocytosis bacteria. The present invention selects H-cell phagemid as the preferred embodiment because the hydrogen uptake capacity of the bacterium is stronger than that of other strains.

Preferably, the hydrogenphagocytophaga may be a non-classical hydrogenotrophic bacterium (hydrogengenophaga oxypica) or hydrogenotrophus pratensis (hydrogengenophaga pallronii) or hydrogenotrophus xanthus (hydrogengenophaga flava).

Preferably, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azospirillum. The invention selects azospirillum as the preferable scheme because the azospirillum has stronger nitrogen fixing capacity compared with other strains.

Preferably, the Azospirillum may be Azospirillum irakense (Azospirillum irakense) or Azospirillum brasiliensis (Azospirillum brasilense).

Preferably, the Streptomyces may be Streptomyces albus (Streptomyces albus) or Streptomyces vinaceus-brown (Streptomyces vinacenusrappus) or Streptomyces cinnamomi (Streptomyces cinnamoneus).

Preferably, the Micromonospora species may be a Micromonospora paranatriensis or a tulbaghia violacea species (Micromonospora tulbaghiae)

Preferably, the Gliocladium virens may be Gliocladium penicillium or Gliocladium catenulatum.

Preferably, the Penicillium may be Penicillium expansum (Penicillium expansum) or Penicillium chrysogenum (Penicillium chrysogenum).

Preferably, the Aspergillus may be Aspergillus niger or Aspergillus oryzae.

The invention also provides application of the microbial agent in improving the yield of the corn.

The invention also provides a method for planting corn by using the microbial agent, which comprises the following steps:

s1 sowing: the time is from 4 months bottom to 5 months early and 5 months middle, the thickness of a soil layer is 5-11 cm, the temperature of the soil layer is 7-11 ℃, and mechanical dibbling and seeding are carried out when the field water capacity of a soil plough layer is 70%; according to the row spacing of the wide row and the narrow row of 90cm +45cm and the row spacing and the hole spacing of 25cm, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, the density is 8000-8400 plants/mu, and the sowing depth is 4-5 cm;

s2 seedling management: when 5-6 leaves emerge from corn, the microbial inoculum according to claim 1 is mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:10 and sprayed on the leaves of the corn seedlings; topdressing, intertillage weeding and earthing up are combined when 6-7 leaves are planted;

s3 topdressing: applying urea in the jointing stage and the ear stage;

s4 irrigation: irrigating by adopting a drip irrigation or micro-spraying technology, wherein the microbial agent of claim 1 is used for spraying corn;

s5 mowing: the mowing period is determined as the milk stage-the wax stage.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: before seeding, the method also comprises the seed soaking treatment of planting, and the specific steps are as follows: corn is planted and soaked in the microbial inoculum according to claim 1 for 4-5 hours.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the microbial agent disclosed by the invention has a certain synergistic effect through the combination of the hydroxide bacteria, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the actinomycetes and the fungi, provides necessary nutrient elements for plants, improves the effectiveness of nutrients in soil, can replace part of N fertilizer, reduces the use of the N fertilizer, can improve the yield of corn, promotes the growth and development of corn root hairs and the nutrient absorption thereof, protects the root system and increases the stress resistance of the plants, and simultaneously can destroy the cell wall of pathogenic bacteria and prevent the corn northern leaf blight.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention on regulating the growth and development of corn;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the microbial inoculum for controlling northern leaf blight of corn;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention on corn yield;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention on the root system and bald tip of corn.

Detailed Description

In order to more concisely and clearly demonstrate technical solutions, objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention is provided with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The various microorganisms in the invention can be purchased in the market or can be obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preparation method of the culture solution of various microorganisms adopts the corresponding standard culture medium and culture solution according to the conventional culture method.

Example 1 preparation of microbial Agents

1. Screening of functional strains

(1) Hydroxide bacteria

The hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria can utilize H₂Assimilation of CO in the Presence of hydrogenase₂And H₂Synthesizing substance for chemoautotrophy. In the invention, the H of the strain is determined by gas chromatography₂The absorption capacity. Purified H-Cytophaga: atypical hydrogenophilus (Hydrogenophaga typica), hydrogenophilus palustris (Hydrogenophaga pallronii), hydrogenotrophus flavus (Hydrogenophaga flava); pseudomonas sp: pseudomonas hydrogenophila (Pseudomonas hydrogenovora), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris); rhodococcus genus: inoculating Paracoccus sedimentans (Paracoccus sediminis) and Paracoccus marcusii (Paracoccus marcusii) to R2A slant, sealing after bacterial coating, and using clear water inoculated R2A slant as control. Introducing a determined quantity H into the test tube₂Thoroughly mixed, and then subjected to a procedure to determine H in the above-mentioned various pairs of hydrogen oxidizing bacteria₂Absorption, in a closed tube, determined by gas chromatography, of the initial H₂Concentration and H after three days₂To calculate the absorption H₂The size of the capability. The results are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

Since the hydroxide bacteria all have the function of absorbing H₂But different species of hydrogen oxidizing bacteria possess the absorption of H₂Are not identical in each case, and are screened for H uptake₂The strain with the strongest capability is beneficial to generating the synergistic effect with other strains. Thus, in the above experiments, the inventors selected several different hydroxide bacteria and determined that they absorbed H₂The results in Table 1 show that, in the case of the hydroxide bacteria, it is clear that H is absorbed by H phagocytes₂The ability of H is strongest, therefore, H is absorbed by the H-phagocytosis bacterium as the microbial agent₂The functional bacterium of (1). Wherein the hydrogen-absorbing bacteria of yellow edible fungi₂The strain has the strongest capacity, is selected as a subsequent experiment, is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and has the preservation number of CGMCC 1.8793.

(2) Azotobacteria

The azotobacter activity determination method comprises the following operation steps: A15X 150mm screw glass tube was slant-plated with 5mL of modified nitrogen-fixing medium, and inoculated with Azotobacter bailii (Azotobacter beijerinckii), Azotobacter asiaticum (Azotobacter armeniaca), Azotobacter lambdaeanus (Azotobacter chroococcum), Azotobacter sphaericus (Azotobacter chroococcum), Azotobacter iralis (Azotobacter iracillus irakense) or Azotobacter brasilense (Azotobacter brasilense) at 28 ℃. The blank slant was inoculated with clear water as a negative control. After culturing for three days, the rubber stopper is replaced, acetylene gas is injected to make the final concentration 10%, the rubber stopper is sealed by a medical adhesive tape, 100 mu L of reaction gas is taken after the culture is continued for three days, the ethylene production is measured by a gas chromatograph, and the azotase activity of the strain is calculated according to a formula. Nitrogenase activity (nmol/mg. h) ═ C₂H₄nmol/[ amount of mycoprotein (mg). times.reaction time (h)]Wherein (C)₂H₄nmol＝1000×C₂H₄Volume (. mu.L). times.273 XP/[ 22.4 × (273+ t ℃ C.) times.760]Wherein P is the gas pressure (mm Hg) and t is the reaction temperature).

The method for measuring the mycoprotein content is as follows: washing thallus Porphyrae on the test tube slant with 5mL of normal saline, collecting thallus, adding 3mL of 0.5M NaOH into the thallus, boiling in boiling water for 5min, adding 3mL of 0.5M HCl, mixing, centrifuging, collecting 1.0mL of supernatant, adding 5mL of Coomassie brilliant blue solution, mixing on a vortex mixer, developing for 3 min, measuring the absorbance A595 at 595nm, and calculating the mycoprotein content according to the bovine serum albumin standard curve. The results are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

Because the azotobacter has the nitrogen fixing function, but the azotobacter of different species has different azotobacter capabilities, the screening of azotobacter with the strongest azotobacter is beneficial to the synergistic effect of azotobacter and other strains. Therefore, in the above experiment, the inventors selected several different nitrogen-fixing bacteria and measured the nitrogen-fixing effect. The experimental result shows that the azotobacter activity of the azospirillum is strongest. Therefore, the nitrogen fixing spirillum brasilense is selected as a functional bacterium for fixing nitrogen in the microbial agent. The Azospirillum brasilense is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC 1.10379.

2. Cultivation of the Strain

A, cultivation of the hydroxide bacteria: inoculating the hydrogenotrophic yellow bacteria into R2A liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 28 deg.C for 48 hr to obtain bacterial suspension, and performing amplification culture until the thallus concentration is not less than 10⁶mL, secondary cultures were obtained. 1L of the medium contained yeast 0.5g, tryptone 0.25g, peptone 0.75g, glucose 0.5g, starch 0.5g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3g, magnesium sulfate 0.024g, sodium pyruvate 0.3g, pH 7.2. + -. 0.2.

B, culturing azotobacter: inoculating Azospirillum brasilense into nitrogen-free liquid culture medium, culturing at 28 deg.C for 48 hr to obtain bacterial suspension, and performing amplification culture until the thallus concentration is not less than 10⁶/mLAnd obtaining a secondary culture. 1L of the culture medium contains 10g of mannitol, 0.2g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g of magnesium sulfate, 0.2g of sodium chloride, 0.2g of calcium sulfate and 5g of calcium carbonate, and the pH value is 7.0-7.2.

C, culturing of actinomycetes: the streptomyces albus is placed in a Gao's first culture medium, slant culture is carried out at 28 ℃, then the streptomyces albus is inoculated into a liquid culture medium for shake culture at the temperature of 28 ℃ and 150r/min, and culture is carried out for 36-72 h, so as to obtain a second-level culture.

D, culturing the fungi: placing aspergillus (aspergillus oryzae) in an improved martin culture medium, performing slant culture at 28 ℃, then inoculating the aspergillus (aspergillus oryzae) into a liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at the temperature of 28 ℃ and 150r/min, and culturing for 36-72 hours to obtain a secondary culture. The 1L culture medium contains 5g of peptone, 2g of yeast extract powder, 20g of glucose, 1g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.2-6.6.

Counting viable bacteria, and detecting the number of the hydrogenotrophus flavus, azospirillum brasilense, streptomycete and aspergillus at 1 × 10⁶～1×10¹⁰Mixing the components per ml according to the parts by weight of fermentation liquor: 20 parts of hydrogenotrophus flavus, 25 parts of azospirillum brasilense, 10 parts of streptomycete and 8 parts of streptomycete.

Example 2 determination of the survival of Cytophaga hydrogenophila and Azospirillum firmum and determination of the survival of indigenous bacteria

In this example, the mutual influence of the hydrogenotrophus flavus, azospirillum brasilense and indigenous bacteria was measured.

Soil conditions: the pH value is 7.02, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 7.23mg/kg, and the nitrate nitrogen concentration is 30.95 mg/kg;

seed soaking treatment: immersing zhengdan 958 seeds in the microbial agent of example 1 for four hours;

spraying treatment: the leaves were sprayed every 6 weeks with the spray reagent being the inoculum prepared in example 1.

The specific operation method comprises the following steps:

the effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention was determined using soil from the inner Mongolia Xinggan Anyudan 958 potting experiment. The basic properties of the soil are: the pH value is 7.02, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 7.23mg/kg, and the nitrate nitrogen concentration is 30.95 mg/kg. Weighing 2kg of soil per pot, keeping enough moisture in the pot, not applying base fertilizer to the pot culture, using no chemical, directly sowing Zhengdan 958 seeds in six grains per pot as a control, soaking the Zhengdan 958 seeds in the microbial inoculum of example 1 for four hours, directly sowing the seeds, and then spraying the leaves every 6 weeks, wherein the spraying reagent is the microbial inoculum prepared in example 1. Zhengdan 958 potted plant is grown in greenhouse for 2020 may be May to 2020 August. After 60 days, collecting the root system of the Zhengdan 958, gently rubbing to remove the attached soil on the root system, not washing with clear water, shearing, uniformly mixing, taking out 10-15g of root tissue from each pot, placing the root tissue in 100mL of sterilized PBS buffer solution, vibrating for 5 minutes at 200 rpm, then vibrating for ten minutes by ultrasonic waves to fully separate the microorganism from the root soil, diluting and plating on a nitrogen-free LB culture medium for counting, and sequencing and identifying the grown monoclonal bacterial colony. And calculating the strain number of each gram of root system. The results are shown in table 2:

TABLE 3

Classification	Cytophaga hydrogenophila	Azospirillum azotofolium
			Seed soaking treatment	5.2×106CFU/g	2.2×107CFU/g
Spray treatment	6.1×107CFU/g	2.8×109CFU/g
			Control	1.5×102CFU/g	1.6×102CFU/g

As can be seen from Table 3, the hydrogenotrophus flavus survives under the seed soaking treatment condition, and the azospirillum brasilense can also colonize; under the condition of spraying treatment, both the hydrogenotrophus flavus and the azospirillum brasilense can be planted at the roots of the plants. Both of the two bacteria can survive and colonize in common soil.

Under the same conditions, soil near the root circle is removed, the concentration of bacteria is measured after dilution, and the content of bacteria per gram of soil is calculated, and the result is shown in table 4:

TABLE 4

Classification	Indigenous bacteria	Indigenous fungi
			Seed soaking treatment	5.3×108CFU/g	5.7×107CFU/g
Spray treatment	4.9×108CFU/g	5.3×107CFU/g
			Control	5.2×108CFU/g	5.4×107CFU/g

From the data and significance analysis of table 4, it is clear that the indigenous bacteria did not change in bacterial numbers and the indigenous fungi did not change in numbers under the treatment and control conditions. The results show that the quantity of indigenous bacteria is not damaged by the hydrogenotrophic bacteria pasteur and the azospirillum west, and the survival rate of the indigenous bacteria is not reduced.

Example 3 the microbial inoculum of the invention can replace part of the nitrogen fertilizer

Zhengdan 958 is planted in Tai and Zhen Lu Wanshou areas in Xin county and Qing Yuan city in Guangdong, and planted in a small area in a greenhouse, and a control group is formed by applying 15 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax; the treatment group is applied with 7 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax. The phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc sulfate borax micro-fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, and the seedling fertilizer is applied and used up before corn jointing. The nitrogen fertilizer is applied in stages, 40 percent of the total amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and 60 percent of the total amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is used as additional fertilizer in the 11-12 leaf development and filling periods. The control group was not administered the microbial agent of example 1. The treatment group is applied with the microbial inoculum of the invention, seed soaking is carried out for two hours, shade drying and seeding are carried out, and the microbial inoculum of the invention is sprayed for three times in the post-seedling stage and the adult stage. The data in table 5 were obtained:

TABLE 5

". indicates the significance of the treatment groups versus the control group, P < 0.01.

The data in the table show that the grain number of single ear, the weight of single ear, the grain weight of ear, the weight of core of ear and the weight of hundred grains of the treated group are all equal to or slightly higher than those of the control group. Through significance analysis, the weight of single spike, the weight of spike core and the weight of hundred grains of the treated group are increased in different degrees. This shows that the fungicide of the invention can replace half of nitrogen fertilizer, the yield of corn Zhengdan 958 is not but not reduced and is increased, the weight of single spike is increased by 55%, and the weight of hundred grains is increased by 16%.

Examples4 the effect of the microbial inoculum on regulating and controlling the growth and development of the corn

Zhengdan 958 is planted in the Xin county Tai and Zhen Jue Wanshou areas in Qingyuan city in Guangdong, and is planted in a district in a greenhouse, 15 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax are applied to a control group and an experimental group, and 7 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax are applied to a treatment group. Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and zinc sulfate borax micro-element fertilizer are used as base fertilizer before corn jointing. Control groups were not administered with the inoculum. And the treatment group is applied with the microbial inoculum of the invention, soaked for two hours, dried in the shade for sowing, and sprayed with the microbial inoculum of example 1 three times in the late seedling stage and the adult stage.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the early stage of germination growth, the treated group grew slowly, the control group grew quickly, and the growth vigor was good, and by the time of the small flare period, the treated group grew larger and was significantly stronger than the control group. It is demonstrated that the application of the microbial inoculum of example 1 may have inhibitory effect in the early seedling stage, but the corn growth is stronger in the small bell period and the post-growth treatment group.

Example 5 prevention and treatment of northern leaf blight with the microbial inoculum of the invention

Zhengdan 958 is planted in the Xin county Tai and Zhen Jue Wanshou area in Qingyuan, Guangdong, and the contrast group and the treatment group are planted in the field, and nitrogen fertilizer of 7 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer of 5 kg, potassium fertilizer of 6 kg/mu, zinc sulfate of 1 kg/mu and borax of 0.5 kg/mu are applied. The control group does not apply the microbial inoculum of the invention, while the treatment group applies the microbial inoculum of the invention, the bacterial liquid is soaked for two hours, the seeds are sowed in the shade, and the leaves before the jointing stage are sprayed with the microbial inoculum once. Flag leaves of the control group and the treatment group were taken after 70 days of growth, inoculated with northern leaf blight (Setosphaeria turica), and observed in an incubator.

As shown in Table 6 and FIG. 2, in the control group, the diseased leaf developed a long spindle-shaped lesion, which was yellowish brown, and the latter lesion became large and was connected to large, withered and scorched leaf. The treated leaves grew well and almost no lesion occurred.

TABLE 6

From the analysis data, the application of the microbial inoculum of the invention obviously improves the disease resistance of corn to northern leaf blight (Setosphaeria turica).

Example 6 Effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention on corn yield

The method comprises the following steps of planting Demeiya No. 1 in the fresh county Taihe and Zhen Hui Langshu areas in Qingyuan city in Guangdong, planting in a district in a greenhouse, applying 7 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax, and applying 7 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax to a treatment group. The control group was not administered with the microbial inoculum of the invention. The treatment group is applied with the microbial inoculum of the invention, seed soaking is carried out for two hours, shade drying and seeding are carried out, and the microbial inoculum of the invention is sprayed for three times in the post-seedling stage and the adult stage. The data obtained are shown in Table 7 below:

TABLE 7

". indicates the significance of the treatment groups versus the control group, P < 0.01.

As can be seen from the above table 7 and fig. 3, the single ear grain number of the treatment group sprayed with the fungicide of the present invention is 2.17 times that of the control group which is not sprayed, the single ear weight of the treatment group is 2.28 times that of the control group, the ear grain weight of the treatment group is 2.39 times that of the control group, the ear core weight of the treatment group is 1.87 times that of the control group, and the hundred grain weight of the treatment group is 2.16 times that of the control group, which are improved in different degrees on an extremely significant level, and these results indicate that the hundred grain weight, the single ear weight and the single ear grain number of the corn can be improved by using the fungicide of the present invention to soak the corn seeds and spraying on the leaves. Therefore, the microbial inoculum can improve the yield of the corn.

Example 7 Effect of the microbial inoculum of the invention on corn root systems and bald tips

Demeiya No. 1 is planted in the Xin county Tai and Zhen Juan longevity area in Qingyuan city in Guangdong, and is planted in a district in a greenhouse, wherein a control group and a treatment group are applied with 7 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 6 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, 1 kg/mu of zinc sulfate and 0.5 kg/mu of borax. The control group was not administered with the microbial inoculum of the invention. The treatment group is applied with the microbial inoculum of the invention, seed soaking is carried out for two hours, shade drying and seeding are carried out, and the microbial inoculum of the invention is sprayed for three times in the post-seedling stage and the adult stage. And (4) sampling before a small horn mouth stage in a seedling stage, observing a corn root system, and observing a corn cob after mature harvest.

The results are shown in fig. 4, the test group showed a significant reduction in bald tip, a greater root range and longer roots. The microbial inoculum can improve the size of the corn root system and reduce the bald tip of the corn.

Example 8

The embodiment provides a microbial agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of hydrogenotrophus flavus, 20 parts of azospirillum brasilense, 15 parts of streptomyces albus and 10 parts of aspergillus oryzae. Obtained using the preparation method of example 1.

Example 9

The embodiment provides a microbial agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of hydrogenotrophus flavus, 25 parts of azospirillum brasilense, 20 parts of streptomyces albus and 15 parts of aspergillus oryzae. Obtained using the preparation method of example 1.

Example 10

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the actinomycete in this example is streptomyces vinaceus-brown.

Example 11

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the actinomycete in this example is streptomyces cinnamomi.

Example 12

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the actinomycetes in this example is micromonospora chrysosporium.

Example 13

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the actinomycetes in this example is micromonospora tulipula.

Example 14

The only difference between the microbial inoculum in this example and example 1 is that the fungus in this example is aspergillus niger.

Example 13

The only difference between the microbial agents in this example and example 1 is that the fungus in this example is Penicillium chrysogenum.

Example 14

The only difference between the microbial agents in this example and example 1 is that the fungus in this example is Penicillium expansum.

Example 15

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the fungus in this example is Gliocladium catenulatum.

Example 16

The only difference between the microbial agent in this example and example 1 is that the fungus in this example is Gliocladium penicillium.

Comparative example 1

The only difference between comparative example 1 and example 1 is that the microbial agent of comparative example 1 does not contain hydrogenotrophus xanthus. The total parts by weight are in accordance with the examples.

Comparative example 2

The only difference between comparative example 2 and example 1 is that the microbial agent of comparative example 2 does not contain azospirillum brasilense. The total parts by weight are in accordance with the examples.

Comparative example 3

The only difference between comparative example 3 and example 1 is that the microbial agent of comparative example 3 does not contain actinomycetes (streptomyces). The total parts by weight are in accordance with the examples.

Comparative example 4

The only difference between comparative example 4 and example 1 is that the microbial agent of comparative example 4 does not contain fungi (aspergillus). The total parts by weight are in accordance with the examples.

The microbial agents of examples 7-15 and comparative examples 1-4 were used to treat corn seeds and leaves, and the effect on corn yield was compared (using the method of example 6), with the results shown in table 8;

TABLE 8

As can be seen from the above table, the yield of the corn treated by the microbial inoculum of examples 7-16 is greatly improved, and the single number of grains and the single ear weight of the corn are higher than those of the corn treated by the microbial inoculum of comparative examples 1-4. This is because the microbial agents of examples 7 to 16 contain the hydroxide bacteria, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the actinomycetes and the fungi at the same time, but none of the comparative examples 1 to 4 is present, and thus it is concluded that the hydroxide bacteria, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the actinomycetes and the fungi have a synergistic effect in the microbial agent of the present invention, and none of them is present. In addition, the microbial inoculum also has the effects of preventing and treating corn northern leaf blight, helping corn root growth and reducing bald tip.

EXAMPLE 16 this example provides a method for planting Zhengdan 958 corn

Use of zheng 958 as a planting consideration for silage corn in the Singal alliance with microbial inoculant technology:

first, variety selection is performed. The selected corn variety has the requirements of wide leaves and small included angle between the stems and leaves, is suitable for close planting and is suitable for local accumulated temperature varieties. Indexes of crushed silage corns are as follows: the starch content is greater than 28% and the dry matter content is greater than 30%. The content of crude protein in dry matter is more than 7-8.5%, and the content of crude fiber is 20-35%. Zhengdan 958 is planted in this time. Secondly, land selection. The land has medium fertility, pH of 5.3-7.8 and good drainage. The gradient of the sloping field is below 25 degrees. Thirdly, soil preparation before sowing. The deep scarification means timely stubble cleaning after autumn harvest and deep ploughing (pine) of 30 cm. And leveling the land in time after the autumn is turned over, and raking and leveling the land in spring. The winter irrigation refers to the winter irrigation before the soil is frozen. The base fertilizer means that the base fertilizer is applied before farming. The variety and unit weight of the base fertilizer are determined according to the pH value and fertility of the soil. And fourthly, treating seeds. The seed drying refers to that before sowing, the seeds are spread on a dry sunny dam and are continuously exposed for 2 to 3 days, and the seeds are turned over to be uniformly dried. The microorganism soaking refers to mixing microorganism bacterium agent with equal amount of normal temperature noodle soup, common rice soup, porridge soup and noodle soup as viscous agent can be substituted for each other, soaking naked semen Maydis in the mixed solution for 0.5-4 hr, air drying, sowing, or sowing while mixing with seed-dressing machine. Fifthly, the mowing period. The suitable mowing period of the silage corns is determined as the milk ripening period-the wax ripening period, and the mowing period of the Zhengdan 958 is about ten days earlier than the conventional planting period.

The specific operation method comprises the following steps:

zhengdan 958 for one time sowing

1. When the temperature of the soil layer of 6 cm-11 cm is stable and passes 7-11 ℃, the field water capacity of the soil plough layer is about 70 percent, and the mechanical dibble seeding is carried out. Suitable seeding periods include the first and middle of May. The late sowing time and the loss of field soil moisture are not worried about.

2. Planting mode and planting density. Sowing is carried out by adopting a one-hole double-grain roller dibbler, seeds are sowed in holes by using a sowing machine according to the row spacing (90cm +40cm) of wide and narrow rows and the row spacing and the hole spacing of 25cm, 2 seeds are sowed in each hole, and the close sowing can reach 8500-9000 plants/mu. The sowing depth is 4-5 cm, and each single seeder can complete the whole operation processes of ditching, seed discharging, soil covering, pressing and the like.

Second, management of seedling stage

1. And (5) cultivating. And (3) topdressing, intertilling, weeding and earthing up are combined when 6-7 leaves are planted.

2. The microorganism is sprayed for the first time. When 5-6 leaves emerge from corn, the microbial preparation is mixed with well water according to the proportion of 1:10 to spray the corn seedlings, thereby promoting root development, preventing and treating diseases and avoiding later lodging. And (3) spraying a microbial inoculum on the leaves, wherein a large amount of sprayed microbial inoculum flows to the rhizosphere along the stems, so that the rhizosphere is protected, and soil-borne diseases are prevented and treated. Meanwhile, fertilizer water is not applied in the corn seedling stage, and the fertilizer water is used for controlling water, fertilizer and squat seedlings, promoting root and stalk to be pricked and strengthening the stalks.

3. And (6) topdressing. And (4) applying urea at the jointing stage and the ear stage, wherein the specific fertilizer application amount is determined according to the corn growth vigor.

4. And (5) irrigating. And (3) preventing severe drought before and after sowing, seedling stage and pollination, and irrigating at proper time according to soil moisture. The procedure encourages the adoption of drip irrigation or micro-spray technology, and avoids the influence of extreme drought weather on the growth of the corn. During the period of male extraction, an unmanned aerial vehicle is required to spray the microbial inoculum (mixed with well water in a ratio of 1: 1) for three times. When the hillside planted by the Zhengdan 958 climbs steeply, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used only possibly, and at the moment, the unmanned aerial vehicle is sprayed to supplement fertilizers and microbial agents, particularly key growth periods such as emasculation and the like.

Cutting

1. A mowing period. The suitable cutting period of the silage corns is determined as the milk ripening period-the wax ripening period.

2. And (5) a mowing mode. The whole plant is mown with the overground parts of the corn stalks, corn bracts (seeds) and the like on the same ground, and the whole plant is chopped and sent to a cultivation enterprise. The stubble height is noticed, and the soil on the ground cannot be taken into the feed.

Note that: 1 irrigation is very critical, and the water shortage of crops needs to be avoided before and after seeding, seedling stage and pollination. Replenishing water to crops at proper time. 2 spraying the microbial inoculum (mixed with well water in a ratio of 1: 1) for three times by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and spraying water fertilizer and bacterial manure by the unmanned aerial vehicle for many times in a sloping field to supplement water.

Example 17 this example provides a method of planting corn, corn No. 1, germania

Considerations:

first, variety selection is performed. The selected corn variety has the requirements of wide leaves and small included angle between the stems and leaves, is suitable for close planting and is suitable for local accumulated temperature varieties. Indexes of crushed silage corns are as follows: the starch content is greater than 28% and the dry matter content is greater than 30%. The content of crude protein in dry matter is more than 7-8.5%, and the content of crude fiber is 20-35%. The Fengcao 008, Fengyu 5, Lihe 16, German Asia No. 1, German Asia No. 2, south-north No. 5, south-north No. 73 and Denke 29 all meet the requirements, but the German Asia No. 1 is selected as the planting variety. Secondly, land selection. The land has medium fertility, pH of 5.3-7.8 and good drainage. The gradient of the sloping field is below 25 degrees. Thirdly, soil preparation before sowing. The deep scarification means timely stubble cleaning after autumn harvest and deep ploughing (pine) of 30 cm. And leveling the land in time after the autumn is turned over, and raking and leveling the land in spring. The winter irrigation refers to the winter irrigation before the soil is frozen. The base fertilizer means that the base fertilizer is applied before farming. The variety and unit weight of the base fertilizer are determined according to the pH value and fertility of the soil. And fourthly, treating seeds. The seed drying refers to that before sowing, the seeds are spread on a dry sunny dam and are continuously exposed for 2 to 3 days, and the seeds are turned over to be uniformly dried. The microorganism soaking refers to mixing microorganism bacterium agent with equal amount of normal temperature rice soup, common rice soup, porridge soup and flour soup as viscous agent, and soaking naked semen Maydis in the mixed solution for 0.5-4 hr, air drying, sowing, or sowing while mixing. Fifthly, the mowing period. The proper mowing period of the silage corns is determined as the milk ripening period-the waxy ripening period, and the mowing period of No. 1 Demeia is about two weeks earlier than that of the conventional planting.

The operation procedures are as follows:

seed sowing of Demeiya No. 1

1. When the temperature of the soil layer of 5 cm-10 cm is stable and passes 8-10 ℃, the field water capacity of the soil plough layer is about 70 percent, and the mechanical dibble seeding is carried out. The suitable sowing period is from the bottom of 4 months to the early of 5 months and the middle of 5 months.

2. Planting mode and planting density. Sowing is carried out by adopting a one-hole double-grain roller dibbler, seeds are sowed in holes by using a sowing machine according to the wide and narrow row spacing (90cm +45cm), the row spacing and the hole spacing of 25cm, 2 seeds are sowed in each hole, and the dense sowing can reach 8000 plus 8400 plants/mu. The sowing depth is 4-5 cm, and each single seeder can complete the whole operation processes of ditching, seed discharging, soil covering, pressing and the like.

Second, management of seedling stage

1. And (5) cultivating. And (3) topdressing, intertilling, weeding and earthing up are combined when 6-7 leaves are planted.

2. The microorganism is sprayed for the first time. When 5-6 leaves emerge from corn, the microbial preparation is mixed with well water according to the proportion of 1:10 to spray the corn seedlings, thereby promoting root development, preventing and treating diseases and avoiding later lodging. And (3) spraying a microbial inoculum on the leaves, wherein a large amount of sprayed microbial inoculum flows to the rhizosphere along the stems, so that the rhizosphere is protected, and soil-borne diseases are prevented and treated. Meanwhile, fertilizer water is not applied in the corn seedling stage, and the fertilizer water is used for controlling water, fertilizer and squat seedlings, promoting root and stalk to be pricked and strengthening the stalks.

3. And (6) topdressing. And (4) applying urea at the jointing stage and the ear stage, wherein the specific fertilizer application amount is determined according to the corn growth vigor.

4. And (5) irrigating. And (3) preventing severe drought before and after sowing, seedling stage and pollination, and irrigating at proper time according to soil moisture. The procedure encourages the adoption of drip irrigation or micro-spray technology, and avoids the influence of extreme drought weather on the growth of the corn. During the period of male extraction, an unmanned aerial vehicle is required to spray the microbial inoculum (mixed with well water in a ratio of 1: 1) for three times. When the hillside planted in Demeia No. 1 climbs steeply, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used only possibly, and at the moment, the unmanned aerial vehicle is sprayed to supplement fertilizers and microbial agents, particularly key growth periods such as emasculation and the like.

Cutting

1. A mowing period. The suitable cutting period of the silage corns is determined as the milk ripening period-the wax ripening period.

2. And (5) a mowing mode. The whole plant is mown with the overground parts of the corn stalks, corn bracts (seeds) and the like on the same ground, and the whole plant is chopped and sent to a cultivation enterprise. The stubble height is noticed, and the soil on the ground cannot be taken into the feed.

Note that: 1 irrigation is very critical, and the water shortage of crops needs to be avoided before and after seeding, seedling stage and pollination. Replenishing water to crops at proper time. 2 spraying the microbial inoculum (mixed with well water in a ratio of 1: 1) for three times by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and spraying water fertilizer and bacterial manure by the unmanned aerial vehicle for many times in a sloping field to supplement water.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The microbial agent is characterized by comprising the following strain fermentation liquor in parts by weight:

wherein the actinomycete is streptomycete or micromonospora; the fungus is Gliocladium virens, Penicillium or Aspergillus.

2. The microbial inoculant combination of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria are H-phagocytes; the said hydrogenphagocytophaga can be atypical hydrogenotrophus (Hydrogenophaga athypica) or hydrogenotrophus palustris (Hydrogenophaga palleronii) or hydrogenotrophus xanthus (Hydrogenophaga flava).

3. The microbial inoculant combination of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azospirillum; the Azospirillum firmum may be Azospirillum irakense (Azospirillum irakense) or Azospirillum brasilense (Azospirillum brasilense).

4. The microbial inoculant combination according to claim 1, wherein the Streptomyces can be Streptomyces albus (Streptomyces albus) or Streptomyces vinaceus (Streptomyces vinaiussrappus) or Streptomyces cinnamomi (Streptomyces cinnamoneus).

5. The microbial inoculant combination according to claim 1, wherein the Micromonospora species is Micromonospora chrysosporium (Micromonospora paratheteriolyptidis) or Micromonospora tulbaghiae (Micromonospora tulbaghiae).

6. The microbial inoculant combination of claim 1, wherein the Gliocladium virginosum can be Gliocladium penicillium or Gliocladium catenulatum.

7. The microbial inoculant combination according to claim 1, wherein the Penicillium may be Penicillium expansum or Penicillium chrysogenum.

8. The microbial inoculant combination according to claim 1, wherein the Aspergillus may be Aspergillus niger or Aspergillus oryzae.

9. Use of the microbial inoculant according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for increasing corn yield.

10. A method of growing corn using the microbial inoculant of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1 sowing: the time is from 4 months bottom to 5 months early and 5 months middle, the thickness of a soil layer is 5-11 cm, the temperature of the soil layer is 7-11 ℃, and mechanical dibbling and seeding are carried out when the field water capacity of a soil plough layer is 70%; according to the row spacing of the wide row and the narrow row of 90cm +45cm and the row spacing and the hole spacing of 25cm, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, the density is 8000-8400 plants/mu, and the sowing depth is 4-5 cm;

s2 seedling management: when 5-6 leaves emerge from corn, the microbial inoculum according to claim 1 is mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:10 and sprayed on the leaves of the corn seedlings; topdressing, intertillage weeding and earthing up are combined when 6-7 leaves are planted;

s3 topdressing: applying urea in the jointing stage and the ear stage;

s4 irrigation: irrigating by adopting a drip irrigation or micro-spraying technology, wherein the microbial agent of claim 1 is used for spraying corn;

s5 mowing: the mowing period is determined as the milk stage-the wax stage.

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