CN112471025A - Net cage for pond culture of fish fry and culture method - Google Patents
Net cage for pond culture of fish fry and culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112471025A CN112471025A CN202011442036.7A CN202011442036A CN112471025A CN 112471025 A CN112471025 A CN 112471025A CN 202011442036 A CN202011442036 A CN 202011442036A CN 112471025 A CN112471025 A CN 112471025A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000124815 Barbus barbus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000084 barbel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004512 granular bait Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A net cage for pond culture of fish fries and a culture method, which relate to fish fry culture tools. The problems that an existing floating net cage and an existing fixed net cage are difficult to catch fish and high in working strength of cleaning and replacing the net cages when experimental fishes are cultured are solved. Four edges of an upper layer large net of the rectangular net box are fixed on a steel wire rope frame, the heights of the upper layer large net and a lower layer small net are respectively one meter, the meshes of the lower layer small net and a net bottom are the same, an opening is formed in the side surface of the lower layer small net and away from the bottom, and polyethylene fixing ropes are arranged at four corners of the net bottom. The method is not repeated. The net cage does not need to be cleaned and replaced in the whole growth period, and the seedlings are gathered to the fish outlet at the bottom and directly caught without disassembling the net cage during the seed detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fish fry culture tool, in particular to a net cage for pond culture of fish fry and a culture method.
Background
The fish fry pond culture refers to a process of culturing fish fries (water flowers) bred in the current year into large-size fish fries in the pond by grading cultivation until the end of the current year. When a pond culture experiment is carried out, the requirements of grouping, repetition, consistent conditions and the like of different experimental treatment rooms are required to be met. The pond cage culture can effectively utilize water to manage cultured fishes, and is a main pond culture mode for experimental research. The net cage culture originated in southeast Asia countries such as Cambodia at the end of 19 th century and then was transmitted to all over the world. The freshwater cage culture in China begins in the 70 th 20 th century, has been developed greatly in recent years, and almost all large, medium and small lakes and reservoirs are provided with cage fish culture, and cage fish culture is also carried out in certain slow-flowing riverways and even ponds. The types of the net cages are divided into closed type and open type according to the assembly mode of the box body and the presence or absence of a cover net. The net cage is divided into rectangle, square, polygon and circle; the device is divided into a fixed type, a sinking type and a floating type according to the arrangement mode of the net cage. The floating net cage is the most widely arranged mode, the box body is hung on a buoyancy device or a frame, so that the box body floats on the water surface, the net cage can be moved according to the requirement, adverse environmental conditions are avoided, and the box body is moved into a more appropriate water area. After the netting is put into water for a period of time, the netting is easily adhered by algae to block meshes, water body exchange and germ breeding are affected, the culture effect is seriously affected, attachments around the net cage need to be checked and removed regularly (15 d-20 d), and the defect of high management working strength exists. Moreover, the floating net cages have requirements on the minimum specification of the fries put in the cages, and the fries can be cultured in the cages only after being cultured to the proper specification. The fixed net cage is a net cage setting mode that bamboo piles, wood piles or cement piles are firmly nailed at the water bottom, the pile tops are higher than the water surface, the net cage is fixed on the piles, the upper portion of the box body is about 1 meter higher than the water surface, and the box bottom is 1-2 meters away from the water bottom. The problems of high working strength, difficulty in fishing and the like in cleaning and replacing the net cage exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a net cage for pond culture of fish fry and a culture method, aiming at solving the problems that the existing floating net cage and fixed net cage have difficulty in fishing and high working strength in cleaning and replacing the net cage when experimental fish is cultured, and the specific technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the invention relates to a net cage for pond culture of fish fry, which is rectangular and comprises an upper-layer large net, a lower-layer small net, a steel wire rope frame, a fish outlet, polyethylene fixing ropes, a net bottom and a net bag, wherein four edges of the upper end of the upper-layer large net are fixed on the steel wire rope frame, the lower end of the upper-layer large net is connected with the upper end of the lower-layer small net, the side surface of the lower-layer small net is provided with the fish outlet, the four corners of the net bottom are provided with the polyethylene fixing ropes, and the net outlet of the net bag is arranged on the fish outlet.
A method for culturing fish fry in pond culture net cages comprises the following specific steps:
step one, selecting a rectangular pond with a flat pond bottom, fixing M12 x 80mm sheep eye expansion hooks on a pond protection slope by extension lines on each side of an upper opening of the net cage, connecting the expansion hooks by using 5mm steel wire ropes, tightening the expansion hooks by using a heavy open M14 steel wire rope tightener, fixing iron rings with the wire diameter of 6mm and the inner diameter of 48mm outside bottom corners according to the positions of the net cages, connecting 6mm polyethylene fixing ropes with the bottom corners of the net cages, passing through the iron rings, tightening the polyethylene fixing ropes, tying the expansion hooks on the upper opening, arranging a plurality of net cages, arranging 1 meter between every two adjacent net cages, and arranging 1.5kw water wheel aerator in the middle of the pond;
step two, after the pond is disinfected by 100kg of quick lime, injecting water into the pond to a depth of 70-80 cm, applying 50kg of organic fertilizer, culturing rotifer and other plankton, when the plankton biomass reaches 5000-6000/L, enabling the experimental young fish of the large-scale barbel to swim horizontally and then placing the young fish into net cages for culturing, wherein the number of the young fish in each net cage is 1-2 ten thousand, and feeding fry initial baits when the plankton biomass starts to reduce after 5 days;
step three, culturing the fries in the net cage for 20 days, checking the survival rate and the growth condition of the fries in the net cage, loosening polyethylene fixing ropes at four bottom corners of the net cage, gathering all the fries in the net cage into a net bag at a fish outlet, pouring all the fries in the net bag, wherein the average survival rate of the fries is 66.00-83.21%, the body length is 2.25-3.75 cm, and the weight is 0.17-0.21 g;
step four, 500 fish fries are put in each net cage in the fish breeding stage, before the fish fries are put in the fish breeding stage, the fish outlet is sealed again, four bottom corners of the net cage are fixed, the net cage does not need to be cleaned and replaced, the water depth of the pond is 1.8 m and is 20cm lower than the upper edge of the net cage, one small-sized bait casting machine is arranged for each net cage, artificial granular bait with the protein content higher than 36% is selected for feeding, the daily bait casting amount is 4-6% of the body weight, the artificial granular bait is properly adjusted along with the growth condition, the water temperature, the water quality, the weather change and the like, the artificial granular bait is fed for 3-4 times every day, the artificial granular bait is fed for 30-40 min every time, when most of fishes leave the bait casting table, the artificial granular bait casting is stopped, residual bait at a bait casting point is periodically cleaned, the pond is periodically disinfected every month, fish diseases are comprehensively prevented and controlled, other fishes are managed according to the pond breeding mode, sampling detection is carried out after 110 days, the survival rate of the, the weight of the strain is 31.39-42.23 g, and the cultivation is finished.
The net cage and the culture method for the pond culture of fish fries have the following beneficial effects: after the newly hatched fries are opened, the fries can be cultured in a net cage; the water depth of the pond in the fry stage is 0.8 m, the pond is cultured by using the lower layer of 40-60 meshes of netting, the water depth of the pond in the fish fry stage is increased to 1.8 m, the pond is cultured by using the upper layer of 0.8-1.0 cm of netting, and the lower layer of small netting is adopted for culturing the newly hatched fries, so that the link that a large mesh net cage needs intermediate temporary culture and cultivation is avoided; the bait feeding device can buffer the fed granular baits, and baits which are not fed in time during feeding can still be fed continuously when falling into the net bottom, so that the bait waste is avoided; the larval fish cannot be injured or killed in the collecting process of the lower layer small netting; the water permeability speed of the lower layer small net is low, so that the stability of the lower part of the net cage is improved, and the growth of the larval fish is facilitated; the net cage does not need to be cleaned and replaced in the whole growth period; when the fingerlings are inspected, the fingerlings are gathered to the bottom fish outlet and directly caught without disassembling the net cage. The fry rearing effect is good, and the method is suitable for rearing the domestic fish fry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the right side of fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a test site.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: this embodiment is described in conjunction with fig. 1. The rectangular net cage of the embodiment is 10 meters long, 3 meters wide and 2 meters high, four sides of an upper layer large net 1 are fixed on a 3 meters-10 meters steel wire rope frame 3, the heights of the upper layer large net 1 and a lower layer small net 2 are respectively one meter, the meshes of the lower layer small net 2 and a net bottom 6 are 40 meshes, the mesh of the upper layer large net 1 is 0.8cm, a hole with the diameter of 30cm is formed in the side surface of the lower layer small net 2 away from the bottom by 20cm, a fish outlet 4 made of a net with the length of 1.5 meters and 40 meshes is externally connected, and polyethylene fixing ropes 5 with the diameter of 6mm are arranged at four corners of the net bottom 6.
The second embodiment is as follows: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. The meshes of the lower layer small netting 2 and the net bottom 6 are 40-60 meshes.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. The mesh of the upper layer large netting 1 in the embodiment is 0.8-1.0 cm.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. The upper layer large net 1 and the lower layer small net 2 have the same height.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 3. The embodiment provides a culture method for a fish fry pond culture net cage, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, selecting a rectangular pond with a flat pond bottom, fixing M12 x 80mm sheep eye expansion hooks on a pond protection slope by extension lines on each side of an upper opening of the net cage, connecting the expansion hooks by using 5mm steel wire ropes, tightening the expansion hooks by using a heavy open M14 steel wire rope tightener, fixing iron rings with the wire diameter of 6mm and the inner diameter of 48mm outside bottom corners according to the positions of the net cages, connecting 6mm polyethylene fixing ropes with the bottom corners of the net cages, passing through the iron rings, tightening the polyethylene fixing ropes, tying the expansion hooks on the upper opening, arranging a plurality of net cages, arranging 1 meter between every two adjacent net cages, and arranging 1.5kw water wheel aerator in the middle of the pond;
injecting water into the pond to a depth of 70-80 cm after the pond is disinfected by 95-105 kg of quick lime, applying 45-55 kg of organic fertilizer, culturing rotifer and other plankton, after the plankton biomass reaches 5000-6000 plankton/L, enabling the experimental litter fish of the large-scale barbel to swim horizontally and then placing the experimental litter fish into net cages for culturing, wherein the number of the litter fish in each net cage is 1-2 ten thousand, and feeding the fry initial bait when the plankton biomass starts to decrease after 5 days;
step three, culturing the fries in the net cage for 20 days, checking the survival rate and the growth condition of the fries in the net cage, loosening the polyethylene fixing ropes 5 at the four bottom corners of the net cage, gathering all the fries in the net cage into the net bag 7 at the fish outlet 4, pouring all the fries in the net bag 7, wherein the average survival rate of the fries is 66.00-83.21%, the body length is 2.25-3.75 cm, and the weight is 0.17-0.21 g;
and fourthly, stocking 500 fish fries in each net cage in the fish breeding stage, sealing the fish outlet 4 again before stocking the fish, fixing four bottom corners of each net cage without cleaning or replacing the net cages, wherein the depth of pond water is 1.8 meters and is 20cm lower than the upper edge of the net cage, arranging one small bait casting machine for each net cage, managing according to a pond breeding mode, sampling and detecting after 110 days, and completing the breeding, wherein the survival rate of the tested fish fries in the net cages is 80.81-93.75%, the body length is 11.92-17.24 cm, and the body weight is 31.39-42.23 g.
The sixth specific implementation mode: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 3. And step two, after the pond is disinfected by 100kg of quick lime, injecting water into the pond to a depth of 80cm, applying 50kg of organic fertilizer, culturing rotifer and other plankton, after the plankton biomass reaches 5500/L, feeding the experimental young fish of the large-scale barbel into net cages for culturing, wherein the number of the young fish put in each net cage is 1.5 thousands of fish.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a box with a net for fish fry pond culture, box with a net is the rectangle, and it comprises big netting of upper strata, the little netting of lower floor, wire rope frame, fish outlet, fixed rope of polyethylene, net bottom and pocket, its characterized in that: four edges of the upper end of the upper layer large net are fixed on the steel wire rope frame, the lower end of the upper layer large net is connected with the upper end of the lower layer small net, a fish outlet is formed in the side face of the lower layer small net, polyethylene fixing ropes are arranged at four corners of the net bottom, and a net port of the net bag is formed in the fish outlet.
2. A cage for pond culture of fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the meshes of the lower layer small netting and the net bottom 6 are 40-60 meshes.
3. A cage for pond culture of fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mesh of the upper layer large netting is 0.8-1.0 cm.
4. A cage for pond culture of fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper layer large netting and the lower layer small netting are the same in height.
5. The culture method of the fish fry pond culture net cage according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a rectangular pond with a flat pond bottom, fixing M12 x 80mm sheep eye expansion hooks on a pond protection slope by extension lines on each side of an upper opening of the net cage, connecting the expansion hooks by using 5mm steel wire ropes, tightening the expansion hooks by using a heavy open M14 steel wire rope tightener, fixing iron rings with the wire diameter of 6mm and the inner diameter of 48mm outside bottom corners according to the positions of the net cages, connecting 6mm polyethylene fixing ropes with the bottom corners of the net cages, passing through the iron rings, tightening the polyethylene fixing ropes, tying the expansion hooks on the upper opening, arranging a plurality of net cages, arranging 1 meter between every two adjacent net cages, and arranging 1.5kw water wheel aerator in the middle of the pond;
injecting water into the pond to a depth of 70-80 cm after the pond is disinfected by 95-105 kg of quick lime, applying 45-55 kg of organic fertilizer, culturing rotifer and other plankton, after the plankton biomass reaches 5000-6000 plankton/L, enabling the experimental litter fish of the large-scale barbel to swim horizontally and then placing the experimental litter fish into net cages for culturing, wherein the number of the litter fish in each net cage is 1-2 ten thousand, and feeding the fry initial bait when the plankton biomass starts to decrease after 5 days;
step three, culturing the fries in the net cage for 20 days, checking the survival rate and the growth condition of the fries in the net cage, loosening polyethylene fixing ropes at four bottom corners of the net cage, gathering all the fries in the net cage into a net bag at a fish outlet, pouring all the fries in the net bag, wherein the average survival rate of the fries is 66.00-83.21%, the body length is 2.25-3.75 cm, and the weight is 0.17-0.21 g;
and fourthly, stocking 500 fish tails in each net cage in the fish breeding stage, sealing the fish outlet before stocking the fish, fixing four bottom corners of each net cage, not cleaning and replacing the net cages, injecting water into the pond to a depth of 1.8 m, which is 20cm lower than the upper edge of each net cage, arranging one small bait casting machine for each net cage, managing according to the pond breeding mode, sampling and detecting after 110 days, and completing the breeding, wherein the survival rate of the tested fish seeds in the net cages is 80.81-93.75%, the body length is 11.92-17.24 cm, and the body weight is 31.39-42.23 g.
6. The culture method of the fish fry pond culture net cage according to claim 5, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: and step two, after the pond is disinfected by 100kg of quick lime, injecting water into the pond to a depth of 80cm, applying 50kg of organic fertilizer, culturing rotifer and other plankton, after the plankton biomass reaches 5500/L, feeding the experimental young fish of the large-scale barbel into net cages for culturing, wherein the number of the young fish put in each net cage is 1.5 thousands of fish.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011442036.7A CN112471025A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Net cage for pond culture of fish fry and culture method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011442036.7A CN112471025A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Net cage for pond culture of fish fry and culture method |
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| CN112471025A true CN112471025A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| CN202011442036.7A Pending CN112471025A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Net cage for pond culture of fish fry and culture method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113598100A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-05 | 贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站 | Three-dimensional planting and breeding method of rhizoma alismatis, whitmania pigra and hyriopsis cumingii |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104839064A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 广西金海环岛渔业有限公司 | Aquaculture net cage |
| CN207767274U (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-08-28 | 清远市绿之源渔业科技有限公司 | A kind of aquiculture net cage |
| CN111602616A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Breeding method for trachinotus ovatus fries |
| CN213819414U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A box with a net for fish fry pond culture |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011442036.7A patent/CN112471025A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104839064A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-19 | 广西金海环岛渔业有限公司 | Aquaculture net cage |
| CN207767274U (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-08-28 | 清远市绿之源渔业科技有限公司 | A kind of aquiculture net cage |
| CN111602616A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Breeding method for trachinotus ovatus fries |
| CN213819414U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A box with a net for fish fry pond culture |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113598100A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-05 | 贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站 | Three-dimensional planting and breeding method of rhizoma alismatis, whitmania pigra and hyriopsis cumingii |
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