CN112442621A - Magnesium alloy plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112442621A CN112442621A CN202011219453.5A CN202011219453A CN112442621A CN 112442621 A CN112442621 A CN 112442621A CN 202011219453 A CN202011219453 A CN 202011219453A CN 112442621 A CN112442621 A CN 112442621A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/06—Making sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a magnesium alloy plate with excellent mechanical property and low anisotropy and large width-thickness ratio and a forming process thereof, wherein the selected magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.5%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 8%, Mn: 0.1-0.8%, RE: 0.01-0.80%, Ca: 0.001-0.090%, other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium. The preparation process also comprises the following steps: semi-continuous casting is adopted to prepare a magnesium alloy cast rod; carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod, and processing to obtain an extruded ingot blank; preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 400 ℃ of 330 ℃ and heating an ingot blank to 350 ℃ of 300 ℃ to extrude, wherein the extrusion ratio is 18-30, and the extrusion speed is 0.6-1.6 mm/s; the extruded plate is subjected to isothermal aging treatment at 170-220 ℃ for 6-20h and cooled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy material, in particular to a low-anisotropy magnesium alloy plate and a preparation method thereof, and also relates to a part using the magnesium alloy and a device using the part.
Background
The magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structure material in practical application, has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good thermal conductivity, excellent electromagnetic shielding and damping performances, easy machining, stable size and the like, and is known as a green engineering material in the 21 st century. Under the great trend of light weight, the demand of low-cost high-performance magnesium alloy materials in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, 3C and rail transit is continuously increased.
The Mg-Al-Zn (AZ) alloy has wide application prospect due to good plastic processing performance, corrosion resistance and heat conductivity. AZ31 is a common commercial magnesium alloy, but the mechanical property of the AZ31 is low, the AZ31 basically has no aging strengthening effect, and the AZ31 is difficult to meet the high requirement of the fields of aerospace, automobiles, rail transit and the like on the mechanical property of a structural material.
The extrusion process can give full play to the plasticity of the material, improve the structure performance of the alloy and realize the industrialized continuous production, and is an ideal plastic processing method for preparing the magnesium alloy plate. However, the magnesium alloy plate with large width-thickness ratio has high forming difficulty, easy surface cracking and difficult flatness control; and strong deformation silk texture is formed when the plate is extruded, so that strong anisotropy of mechanical properties is caused.
In the prior art, the difficulty in preparing the magnesium alloy plate with large width-thickness ratio is high, the requirements on the plastic processing technology and the performance of raw materials are high, the processing performance and the mechanical performance of the materials need to be balanced, the processing technology and the material component formula need to be overcome, and the difficulty in the subdivision field is always to prepare the magnesium alloy plate with high strength, low cost, large width-thickness ratio and low anisotropy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a novel Mg-Al-Zn alloy and an extrusion process thereof, successfully prepares the magnesium alloy sheet with low anisotropy and large width-thickness ratio, and has important significance for popularizing the application of high-end magnesium alloy materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a magnesium alloy sheet with excellent mechanical properties and low anisotropy and a large width-thickness ratio and a forming process thereof, so as to meet the urgent needs of the fields of aerospace, automobiles, rail transit and 3C electronics for low cost and high performance magnesium alloy sheets.
The invention provides a preparation method of a magnesium alloy plate, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5 to 5.0 percent
Zn：2.0-3.5％
The sum of the Al content and the Zn content is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent
Mn：0.1-0.8％
RE：0.01-0.80％
Ca：0.001-0.090％
Other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
The RE refers to rare earth elements.
The preparation process also comprises the following steps:
1. semi-continuous casting is adopted to prepare a magnesium alloy cast rod;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod, and processing to obtain an extruded ingot blank;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 400 ℃ below zero, heating an ingot blank to 350 ℃ below zero to extrude, wherein the extrusion ratio is 18-30, and the extrusion speed is 0.6-1.6mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded plate;
4. the magnesium alloy extruded sheet is subjected to isothermal aging treatment at 170-220 ℃ for 6-20h, and then cooled.
Furthermore, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Al is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Zn is 2.0-3.0%.
Further, the sum of the Al content and the Zn content of the alloy components is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6.5% and less than or equal to 8.0%.
Further, the mass percent of Mn in the alloy component is 0.2-0.6%.
Further, the RE element of the alloy component comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percent is 0.05-0.50%.
When the alloy component RE is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y is (0.01-100): 1.
Further, the mass percentage of the alloy component Ca is 0.002-0.060%.
The longitudinal and transverse room-temperature tensile strength of the obtained extruded sheet is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 220MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 18 percent, and the difference value of the yield strengths in two directions is less than or equal to 20 MPa.
The aging heat treatment aims at improving the mechanical property and reducing the deformation residual stress, if the aging temperature is too low, the time required for reaching the peak aging is obviously increased, the production efficiency is reduced, the actual cost is improved, and the industrial production is not facilitated; if the aging temperature is too high, the volume fraction of a precipitated phase is small, the recrystallization growth of crystal grains is small, the mechanical property is improved to a small extent, and even the mechanical property is reduced.
Further, the semi-continuous casting process adopted in the step 1 has the melt temperature in the furnace of 670-.
Further, the homogenizing annealing process in step 2 is as follows: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ and 430 ℃ for 10-20 h.
Further, the magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 220 and 330mm and the length of more than 4000mm is obtained in the step 1.
Further, in the step 2, after the detection and processing steps of mechanical turning, ultrasonic flaw detection, sawing, blanking and the like, the extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 200-.
Further, the ingot blank processing mode in the step 3 can be diversified, and the target temperature can be realized by adopting any heating mode in the prior art. Preferably, the ingot blank is heated by a power frequency furnace.
Further, the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder in the step 3 are preheated to the temperature of 360-.
Further, the extrusion ratio of the step 3 is 22-28, and the extrusion speed is 0.6-1.2 mm/s.
Further, the extruded sheet in step 3 has the following dimensions: the width is 170-240mm, the thickness is 8-16mm, and the length is more than 10 m.
And (4) carrying out isothermal aging on the extruded plate in the step (4) at the temperature of 180-210 ℃ for 8-18h, and cooling in air.
The invention provides a magnesium alloy plate which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Al：3.5-5.0％
Zn：2.0-3.5％
the sum of the Al content and the Zn content is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent
Mn：0.1-0.8％
RE：0.01-0.80％
Ca：0.001-0.090％
Other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
The tensile strength of the plate at room temperature in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 220MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 18 percent, and the difference value of the yield strengths in the two directions is less than or equal to 20 MPa.
Furthermore, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Al is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Zn is 2.0-3.0%.
Further, the sum of the Al content and the Zn content of the alloy components is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6.5% and less than or equal to 8.0%.
Further, the mass percent of Mn in the alloy component is 0.2-0.6%.
Further, the RE element of the alloy component comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percent is 0.05-0.50%.
When the alloy component RE is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y is (0.01-100): 1.
Further, the mass percentage of the alloy component Ca is 0.002-0.060%.
Further, the magnesium alloy sheet material is prepared by the processing method.
The invention also provides a device which uses the magnesium alloy plate.
The invention is characterized in that:
aiming at a novel rare earth microalloyed Mg-Al-Zn alloy, the extrusion forming process of the alloy plate is firstly provided, and the technical problems of difficult forming and serious anisotropy of the extrusion plate with large width-thickness ratio are solved.
Al element is added into magnesium alloy to form beta-Mg17Al12Phase, improve the strength of the alloy at room temperature; the addition of Zn plays a role in solid solution strengthening, reduces the solid solubility of Al in a matrix and promotes the precipitation of beta phase in the aging process. The Zn content is controlled to be 2.0-3.5%, if the content is too low, the effects of solid solution strengthening and beta phase precipitation promotion are weakened, and the mechanical property of the alloy is reduced; the content is too high, the melt fluidity is poor during semi-continuous casting, the defects of heat crack, looseness, cold shut and the like are easy to occur, and the high-quality magnesium alloy ingot blank is difficult to provide for subsequent plastic processing.
The invention controls the sum of Al content and Zn content in the alloy between 6-8%, and the invention has the following functions: the Al + Zn content is too low, the solid solution strengthening effect is poor, the aging precipitation phase is less, and the mechanical property of the alloy is obviously reduced; when the content of Al + Zn is too high, a coarse spherical β phase is easily formed during thermal deformation, and the ductility and formability of the alloy are reduced and the alloy is easily cracked. The Al + Zn is controlled to be 6-8%, so that the alloy has high mechanical property and good processing plasticity.
The rare earth microalloying can improve the mechanical property and the plastic processing property of the Mg-Al-Zn alloy and simultaneously ensure lower material cost. The improvement of mechanical property by RE element is mainly from the following reasons: (1) the crystal grains of the magnesium alloy are refined, and the fine grain strengthening effect is realized; (2) increasing the aging nucleation point, increasing the diffusion rate of the crystal boundary, promoting the nucleation of the beta phase in the crystal boundary and the growth of the beta phase in the crystal, and improving the aging strengthening effect; (3) gd and Y have higher solid solubility in Mg, and have larger size difference with Mg atoms to cause magnesium crystal lattices to be distorted, thereby achieving the solid solution strengthening effect. In addition, the addition of the RE element enables the orientation distribution of dynamic recrystallization grains of the alloy to be more random, weakens the texture of the extruded wire and reduces the anisotropy of the plate.
The invention adopts large extrusion ratio and slow extrusion, is beneficial to the mechanical property and the formability of the plate and avoids forming strong silk texture. The large extrusion ratio (18-30) can fully refine alloy grains and obviously improve the mechanical property of the plate. The slow extrusion (0.6-1.6mm/s) ensures that the alloy dynamic recrystallization is more sufficient, the higher the recrystallization degree is, the lower the texture strength of the deformed wire is, and the anisotropy of the plate is reduced. The low-speed extrusion promotes the uniform flow of metal, reduces the residual stress and the cracking risk of the plate, and ensures that the plate has better straightness. The extrusion speed is too high, the generated deformation heat and friction heat are increased, the temperature of an ingot blank is obviously increased, the surface of a plate is easy to crack, the crystal grains grow, and the mechanical property is reduced; in addition, the sheet material has a large residual stress when being extruded and is easily bent.
Has the advantages that:
1. the alloy material provided by the invention has low addition of rare earth elements, and is lower in cost in comparison;
2. the alloy material provided by the invention has the advantages of high elongation, difficult cracking in the production and processing process, high yield and wider application scene.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sheet prepared by the forming process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sheet prepared by the forming process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sheet made by the forming process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Examples tensile strength, yield strength, elongation of the prepared product were performed with reference to the GB/T228.1-2010 standard.
Example 1
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 5.0%, Zn: 2.4%, Mn: 0.2%, Gd: 0.33%, Y: 0.16%, Ca: 0.02 percent, the total content of impurities is not higher than 0.01 percent, and the balance is Mg.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 690 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 55mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 270mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 245mm and the length of 600mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 420 ℃ for 12 h;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 20, the extrusion speed is 1.4mm/s, and an extruded plate with the width of 220mm, the thickness of 11mm and the length of more than 10m is obtained, as shown in figure 1;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after the aging treatment at 210 ℃ for 8h are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 4.2%, Zn: 2.8%, Mn: 0.4%, Gd: 0.07%, Ca: 0.04 percent, the total content of impurities is not higher than 0.02 percent, and the balance is Mg.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 683 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 55mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 270mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 245mm and the length of 500mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 420 ℃ for 12 h;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 23, the extrusion speed is 1.2mm/s, and an extruded plate with the width of 210mm, the thickness of 10mm and the length of more than 10m is obtained, as shown in figure 2;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after the aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 12h are shown in table 1.
Example 3
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 4.1%, Zn: 3.0%, Mn: 0.2%, Y: 0.3%, Ca: 0.009%, total impurity content not higher than 0.024%, and Mg as the rest.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 692 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 70mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 250mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 224mm and the length of 500mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ for 16 h;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 380 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 340 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 28, the extrusion speed is 0.6mm/s, and an extruded plate with the width of 175mm, the thickness of 9mm and the length of more than 10m is obtained, as shown in figure 3;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after the aging treatment at 210 ℃ for 8h are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 4.2%, Zn: 2.8%, Mn: 0.4%, Gd: 0.07%, Ca: 0.04 percent, the total content of impurities is not higher than 0.02 percent, and the balance is Mg.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 683 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 55mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 270mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 245mm and the length of 500mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 420 ℃ for 12 h;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 290 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 23, the extrusion speed is 1.2mm/s, and an extruded plate with the width of 210mm, the thickness of 10mm and the length of more than 10m is obtained;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after the aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 12h are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the difference between the longitudinal and transverse yield strengths of the plate in comparative example 1 is more than 30MPa, and the anisotropy is significantly higher than that in examples 1-3.
Comparative example 2
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 4.2%, Zn: 2.8%, Mn: 0.4%, Gd: 0.07%, Ca: 0.04 percent, the total content of impurities is not higher than 0.02 percent, and the balance is Mg.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 683 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 55mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 270mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 245mm and the length of 500mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 420 ℃ for 12 h;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 23, the extrusion speed is 1.8mm/s, and an extruded plate with the width of 210mm, the thickness of 10mm and the length of more than 10m is obtained;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after the aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 12h are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the sheet in comparative example 2 were lower than those in examples 1 to 3.
Comparative example 3
The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al: 4.8%, Zn: 2.3%, Mn: 0.5%, Gd: 0.26%, Y: 0.34%, Ca: 0.06 percent, the total content of impurities is not higher than 0.03 percent, and the balance is Mg.
1. Semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 685 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot drawing speed is 45mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 330mm and the length of 4200mm is obtained;
2. after homogenizing annealing, the cast rod is mechanically processed by turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and saw cutting blanking to obtain an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 300mm and the length of 600mm, wherein the homogenizing annealing process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 420 ℃ for 12 h;
3. the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder are preheated to 360 ℃, the ingot blank is extruded after being heated to 320 ℃ in a power frequency furnace and kept warm for 15min, the extrusion ratio is 32, the extrusion speed is 1.2mm/s, the surface of a plate with the extrusion width of 220mm and the thickness of 11mm is seriously cracked, the flatness is poor, and the yield is obviously lower than that of the embodiment 1-3.
TABLE 1 tensile mechanical Properties at Room temperature for the sheets in the examples/comparative examples
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the selected magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.5%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 8%, Mn: 0.1-0.8%, RE: 0.01-0.80%, Ca: 0.001-0.090%, other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium, wherein RE refers to rare earth elements, and the preparation process further comprises the following steps:
(1) semi-continuous casting is adopted to prepare a magnesium alloy cast rod;
(2) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod, and processing to obtain an extruded ingot blank;
(3) preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 400 ℃ below zero, heating an ingot blank to 350 ℃ below zero to extrude, wherein the extrusion ratio is 18-30, and the extrusion speed is 0.6-1.6mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded plate;
(4) the magnesium alloy extruded sheet is subjected to isothermal aging treatment at 170-220 ℃ for 6-20h, and then cooled.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.5-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.0%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: 6.5% or more and 8% or less of Al + Zn, and Mn: 0.2-0.6%, RE: 0.05-0.50%, Ca: 0.002-0.060%; the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the RE element of the alloy component can be Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and when the RE element of the alloy component is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y is (0.01-100) to 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the semi-continuous casting process adopted in the step 1 has the following steps that the temperature of the melt in the furnace is 670- & 695 ℃ when the casting is stabilized, the ingot pulling speed is 40-80mm/min, and the homogenization annealing process in the step 2 is as follows: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ and 430 ℃ for 10-20 h.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: step 1, obtaining a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 220-; in the step 2, after detection and processing steps such as mechanical peeling, ultrasonic flaw detection, sawing, blanking and the like, an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 200-; and 3, obtaining the extruded sheet with the width of 170-240mm, the thickness of 8-16mm and the length of more than 10 m.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) preheating the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder in the step (3) to the temperature of 360-390 ℃, heating the ingot blank to the temperature of 300-340 ℃ in a power frequency furnace, and carrying out extrusion after heat preservation for 10-40 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the extrusion ratio of the step 3 is 22-28, and the extrusion speed is 0.6-1.2 mm/s.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (4) carrying out isothermal aging on the extruded plate in the step (4) at the temperature of 180-210 ℃ for 8-18h, and cooling in air.
9. A magnesium alloy sheet material is characterized in that: prepared using the process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An apparatus, characterized by: the apparatus uses the magnesium alloy sheet as set forth in claim 9.
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| CN202011219453.5A CN112442621A (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2020-11-04 | Magnesium alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113858725A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Multilayer composite board and preparation method thereof |
| CN113857252A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Multilayer composite sheet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113857252A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Multilayer composite sheet and preparation method thereof |
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