CN112458348A - Magnesium alloy semicircular ring section bar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy semicircular ring section bar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112458348A CN112458348A CN202011219468.1A CN202011219468A CN112458348A CN 112458348 A CN112458348 A CN 112458348A CN 202011219468 A CN202011219468 A CN 202011219468A CN 112458348 A CN112458348 A CN 112458348A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a magnesium alloy semicircular section, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.5%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 8%, Mn: 0.1-0.8%, RE: 0.01-0.80%, Ca: 0.001-0.090%, other inevitable impurity elements, and the balance of magnesium, wherein RE is rare earth element. A corresponding extrusion process is developed aiming at the novel Mg-Al-Zn alloy, the large-specification medium-strength magnesium alloy semicircular ring section is successfully prepared, and the method has important significance for popularizing the application of high-end magnesium alloy materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy semicircular section, in particular to a large-size medium-strength magnesium alloy semicircular section, a preparation method thereof and a device using the section.
Background
Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structural material in practical application, and the density of the magnesium alloy is only 2/3 of aluminum alloy and 1/4 of steel; meanwhile, the magnesium alloy has the advantages of high specific strength and specific stiffness, good thermal conductivity, excellent electromagnetic shielding and damping performances, easiness in machining and the like. Under the large trend of light weight, energy conservation and emission reduction, the fields of aerospace, automobiles and rail traffic have urgent requirements on low-cost high-performance deformed magnesium alloy materials and components thereof, such as transverse and longitudinal beam profiles for high-speed rails and subways, side wall profiles, floor guide groove profiles, fasteners for aerospace and weapon equipment, bearing structural members and the like.
The Mg-Al-Zn (AZ) alloy has wide application prospect due to good plastic processing performance, corrosion resistance and heat conductivity. AZ31 is a common commercial magnesium alloy, but the mechanical property of the AZ31 is low, the AZ31 basically has no aging strengthening effect, and the AZ31 is difficult to meet the high requirement of the fields of aerospace, rail transit and the like on the mechanical property of a structural material.
The extrusion process can give full play to the plasticity of the material, improve the structure performance of the alloy and realize the industrialized continuous production, and is an ideal plastic processing method for preparing the magnesium alloy section. However, large-size magnesium alloy sections are difficult to form, unstable in section size, poor in flatness and low in mechanical property. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a novel Mg-Al-Zn alloy and an extrusion process thereof, successfully prepares a large-specification medium-strength magnesium alloy semicircular ring section, and has important significance for popularizing the application of high-end magnesium alloy materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a large-size magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile with excellent mechanical properties and a forming process thereof, so as to meet the urgent requirements of the aerospace, automobile and rail traffic fields on low-cost high-performance magnesium alloy profiles.
The invention provides a preparation method of a magnesium alloy semicircular section, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5 to 5.0 percent
Zn：2.0-3.5％
The sum of the Al content and the Zn content is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent
Mn：0.1-0.8％
RE：0.01-0.80％
Ca：0.001-0.090％
Other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
The RE refers to rare earth elements.
The preparation process also comprises the following steps:
(1) semi-continuous casting is adopted to prepare a magnesium alloy cast rod;
(2) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod, and processing to obtain an extruded ingot blank;
(3) preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 390 ℃ at 330 ℃ and heating an ingot blank to 340 ℃ at 280 ℃ for extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is 6-12, and the extrusion speed is 0.8-1.6mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded semicircular section;
(4) the magnesium alloy extrusion section is subjected to isothermal aging treatment for 6-20h at 170-220 ℃ and cooled.
Furthermore, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Al is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Zn is 2.0-3.0%.
Further, the sum of the Al content and the Zn content of the alloy components is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6.5% and less than or equal to 8.0%.
Further, the mass percent of Mn in the alloy component is 0.2-0.6%.
Further, the RE element of the alloy component comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percent is 0.05-0.50%.
When the alloy component RE is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y is (0.01-100): 1.
Further, the mass percentage of the alloy component Ca is 0.002-0.060%.
The outer diameter of the obtained extruded semicircular ring section is more than or equal to 180mm, the inner diameter is more than or equal to 110mm, the length is more than or equal to 3000mm, the longitudinal room-temperature tensile strength of the section is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 230MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 16%.
Further, the semi-continuous casting process adopted in the step (1) has the melt temperature in the furnace of 670-.
Further, the homogenizing annealing process in the step (2) is as follows: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ and 430 ℃ for 10-20 h.
Further, the magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 250-360mm and the length of more than 4000mm is obtained in the step (1).
Further, in the step (2), after the detection and processing steps of mechanical peeling, ultrasonic flaw detection, sawing, blanking and the like, the extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 240 and 330mm and the length of 400 and 800mm is obtained.
Further, the ingot blank processing mode in the step (3) can be diversified, and the target temperature can be realized by adopting any heating mode in the prior art. Preferably, the ingot blank is heated by a power frequency furnace.
Further, the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder in the step (3) are preheated to the temperature of 350-.
Further, the extrusion ratio of the step (3) is 6-10, and the extrusion speed is 0.8-1.3 mm/s.
Further, the extrusion die in the step (3) adopts a semicircular die orifice eccentric design, namely the distance of the circle center of the semicircular ring deviating from the circle center of the die is 1/3-2/3 of the outer diameter of the semicircular ring.
Further, the extruded section in the step (4) is subjected to isothermal aging at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 210 ℃ for 8-18h, and air cooling is carried out.
The invention also provides a magnesium alloy semicircular ring section, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass
Al：3.5-5.0％
Zn：2.0-3.5％
The sum of the Al content and the Zn content is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent
Mn：0.1-0.8％
RE：0.01-0.80％
Ca：0.001-0.090％
Other inevitable impurity elements and the balance of magnesium.
The longitudinal room temperature tensile strength of the extruded section is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 230MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 16%.
Furthermore, the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Al is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the mass percent of the alloy component Zn is 2.0-3.0%.
Further, the sum of the Al content and the Zn content of the alloy components is as follows: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6.5% and less than or equal to 8.0%.
Further, the mass percent of Mn in the alloy component is 0.2-0.6%.
Further, the RE element of the alloy component comprises Gd, Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and the mass percent is 0.05-0.50%.
When the alloy component RE is Gd and Y, the mass ratio of Gd to Y is (0.01-100): 1.
Further, the mass percentage of the alloy component Ca is 0.002-0.060%.
Further, the magnesium alloy semicircular ring section is prepared by the method.
The invention also provides a device which uses the magnesium alloy semicircular ring section.
Further, the device is in the fields of high-speed rails, subways, aerospace and weaponry.
The invention is characterized in that:
aiming at a novel rare earth microalloyed Mg-Al-Zn alloy, the extrusion forming process of the alloy semicircular ring section is firstly provided, and the technical problems of difficult forming and low mechanical property of large-size magnesium alloy semicircular ring sections are solved.
Al element is added into magnesium alloy to form beta-Mg17Al12Phase, improve the strength of the alloy at room temperature; the addition of Zn plays a role in solid solution strengthening, reduces the solid solubility of Al in a matrix and promotes the precipitation of beta phase in the aging process. The Zn content is controlled to be 2.0-3.5%, if the content is too low, the effects of solid solution strengthening and beta phase precipitation promotion are weakened, and the mechanical property of the alloy is reduced; the content is too high, the melt fluidity is poor during semi-continuous casting, the defects of hot cracking, looseness, cold shut and the like are easy to occur, the preparation of large-diameter high-quality ingots is difficult, and the plastic processability of the alloy is adversely affected.
The invention controls the sum of Al content and Zn content in the alloy between 6-8%, and the invention has the following functions: the Al + Zn content is too low, the solid solution strengthening effect is poor, the aging precipitation phase is less, and the mechanical property of the alloy is obviously reduced; when the content of Al + Zn is too high, a coarse spherical β phase is easily formed during thermal deformation, and the ductility and formability of the alloy are reduced and the alloy is easily cracked. The Al + Zn is controlled to be 6-8%, so that the alloy has high mechanical property and good processing plasticity.
The rare earth microalloying can improve the mechanical property and the plastic processing property of the Mg-Al-Zn alloy and simultaneously ensure lower material cost. The improvement of mechanical property by RE element is mainly from the following reasons: (1) the crystal grains of the magnesium alloy are refined, and the fine grain strengthening effect is realized; (2) heterogeneous nucleation points are increased, the precipitation of an aging beta phase is promoted, a beta continuous precipitation phase is refined, and the aging strengthening effect is improved; (3) gd and Y have higher solid solubility in Mg, and have larger size difference with Mg atoms to cause magnesium crystal lattices to be distorted, thereby achieving the solid solution strengthening effect. The addition of RE changes the stacking fault energy of the Mg matrix, promotes the start of non-basal plane slippage during plastic deformation, improves the ductility and formability of the alloy, and reduces the cracking risk.
Researches find that the extruded section is easy to shrink and deform along the radial direction because of forming deformation residual stress, and the dimensional structure stability is reduced; through repeated experiments and continuous adjustment and optimization, the optimal matched technological parameters of extrusion and aging treatment are obtained, the internal residual stress of the extruded section is effectively eliminated, the dimensional structure stability is improved, and meanwhile, the high mechanical property is obtained.
The invention adopts low-temperature slow extrusion, is beneficial to the formability of the semicircular ring profile and simultaneously improves the mechanical property. When the extrusion ratio is 6-12, the dynamic recrystallization degree of the extrusion alloy is high at low temperature (280-340 ℃), the growth rate of recrystallized grains is slow and the recrystallized grains are fully refined, meanwhile, the basal plane of the grains tends to be parallel to the extrusion direction, a strong deformation texture is formed, and the mechanical properties are obviously improved by fine grain strengthening and texture strengthening. If the temperature of the ingot blank is too low, the extrusion deformation resistance and the residual stress are increased, a thick spherical beta dynamic decomposition phase is easily formed, the plastic processing performance of the material is not facilitated, and a large amount of Al atoms in a matrix are consumed by the dynamic decomposition phase, so that the subsequent aging strengthening effect is weakened; if the temperature is too high, the recrystallized grains grow rapidly, the grain orientation is more random, the deformation texture is weakened, and the mechanical property is obviously reduced. The low-speed (0.8-1.6mm/s) extrusion ensures that the alloy dynamic recrystallization is more sufficient, the crystal grains are more uniform and fine, the metal is promoted to flow uniformly, the residual stress and the cracking risk of the section are reduced, and the section can obtain better flatness. The extrusion speed is too high, the generated deformation heat and friction heat are increased, the temperature of the extruded ingot blank is obviously increased, and the surface of the sectional material is easy to crack; and the crystal grains grow up and the mechanical property is reduced.
The extruded section of the invention adopts 170-220 ℃ isothermal aging for 6-20h, and aims to improve the mechanical property and the dimensional stability. If the aging temperature is too low, the time required for reaching the peak aging is obviously increased, the production efficiency is reduced, the actual cost is increased, the industrial production is not facilitated, the residual stress is not effectively eliminated, and the two sides are easy to shrink and deform along the radial direction; if the aging temperature is too high, the volume fraction of a precipitated phase is small, the recrystallization growth of crystal grains is small, the mechanical property is improved to a small extent, and even the mechanical property is reduced.
Has the advantages that:
the extrusion die adopts the eccentric design of the semicircular die orifice, so that the plastic flow of metal is more uniform, the extrusion process is smoother, and further, the residual stress of the section is obviously reduced, and the dimensional stability and the straightness are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a profile prepared by the forming process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an extrusion die for the forming process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Examples tensile strength, yield strength, elongation of the prepared product were performed with reference to the GB/T228.1-2010 standard.
Example 1
The invention is explained in detail below using as an example a Mg-4.2Al-3.3Zn-0.6Mn-0.01Ca-0.54Gd (wt.%) alloy semi-circular ring profile.
1. Adopting semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 693 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 45mm/min, so as to obtain a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 325mm and the length of 4500 mm;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 410 ℃ for 16h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 296mm and the length of 650 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 355 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 310 ℃, preserving heat for 18min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 9.7, the extrusion speed is 0.8mm/s, and an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 185mm, the inner diameter of 120mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained, as shown in figure 1;
4. the results of the room temperature tensile mechanical properties of the extruded profile along the extrusion direction after 12h aging treatment at 200 ℃ are shown in table 1.
Example 2
The invention is explained in detail below using the example of a Mg-5.0Al-2.8Zn-0.4Mn-0.008Ca-0.2Y (wt.%) alloy semi-circular ring profile.
1. Adopting semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 675 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot drawing speed is 58mm/min, so as to obtain a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 270mm and the length of 5000 mm;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 420 ℃ for 10h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 242mm and the length of 500 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 290 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 6.3, the extrusion speed is 1.0mm/s, and an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 185mm, the inner diameter of 120mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained;
4. the results of the room temperature tensile mechanical properties of the extruded profile along the extrusion direction after 12h aging treatment at 200 ℃ are shown in table 1.
Example 3
The invention is explained in detail below using as an example a Mg-3.9Al-2.7Zn-0.5Mn-0.066Ca-0.38Gd (wt.%) alloy semi-circular ring profile.
1. Semi-continuous casting is adopted, the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 688 ℃ when the casting is stable, the ingot pulling speed is 40mm/min, and a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 350mm and the length of 4000mm is obtained;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 420 ℃ for 12h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 324mm and the length of 700 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 380 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 330 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 11, the extrusion speed is 1.5mm/s, and an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 200mm, the inner diameter of 140mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical properties results of the extruded profile after aging treatment at 185 ℃ for 16h along the extrusion direction are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The invention is explained in detail below using as an example a Mg-4.2Al-3.3Zn-0.6Mn-0.01Ca-0.54Gd (wt.%) alloy semi-circular ring profile.
1. Adopting semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 693 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 45mm/min, so as to obtain a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 325mm and the length of 4500 mm;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 410 ℃ for 16h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 296mm and the length of 650 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 355 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 360 ℃, preserving heat for 18min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 9.7, the extrusion speed is 0.8mm/s, and an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 185mm, the inner diameter of 120mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained;
4. the results of the room temperature tensile mechanical properties of the extruded profile along the extrusion direction after 12h aging treatment at 200 ℃ are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation in the machine direction of the profile in comparative example 1 are lower than those in examples 1 to 3.
Comparative example 2
The invention is explained in detail below using the example of a Mg-4.7Al-2.3Zn-0.2Mn-0.062Ca-0.05Gd-0.24Y (wt.%) alloy semi-ring profile.
1. Semi-continuous casting is adopted, the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 685 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot drawing speed is 70mm/min, so that a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 250mm and the length of 5000mm is obtained;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 410 ℃ for 16h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 240mm and the length of 500 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 350 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 310 ℃, preserving heat for 18min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 5, and the extrusion speed is 1.0mm/s, so that an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 190mm, the inner diameter of 110mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained;
4. the results of the room temperature tensile mechanical properties of the extruded profile along the extrusion direction after 12h aging treatment at 200 ℃ are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation in the machine direction of the profile in comparative example 2 are lower than those in examples 1 to 3.
Comparative example 3
The invention is explained in detail below using as an example a Mg-4.2Al-3.3Zn-0.6Mn-0.01Ca-0.54Gd (wt.%) alloy semi-circular ring profile.
1. Adopting semi-continuous casting, wherein the temperature of a melt in a furnace is 693 ℃ during stable casting, and the ingot pulling speed is 45mm/min, so as to obtain a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 325mm and the length of 4500 mm;
2. carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod at 410 ℃ for 16h, and then carrying out mechanical skin turning, ultrasonic flaw detection and sawing blanking to obtain an extruded ingot blank with the diameter phi of 296mm and the length of 650 mm;
3. preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 355 ℃, heating an ingot blank in a power frequency furnace to 310 ℃, preserving heat for 18min, and then extruding, wherein the extrusion ratio is 9.7, the extrusion speed is 0.6mm/s, and an extruded semi-circular section with the outer diameter of 185mm, the inner diameter of 120mm and the length of more than 3000mm is obtained;
4. the room temperature tensile mechanical property results of the extruded sheet after aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 12h along the extrusion direction are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation in the machine direction of the profile in comparative example 3 are lower than those in examples 1 to 3.
TABLE 1 tensile mechanical Properties of semicircular ring profiles in the extrusion direction in examples/comparative examples
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the selected magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.5%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: al + Zn is more than or equal to 6% and less than or equal to 8%, Mn: 0.1-0.8%, RE: 0.01-0.80%, Ca: 0.001-0.090%;
other inevitable impurity elements, and the balance of magnesium;
the RE refers to rare earth elements;
the preparation process also comprises the following steps:
(1) semi-continuous casting is adopted to prepare a magnesium alloy cast rod;
(2) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast rod, and processing to obtain an extruded ingot blank;
(3) preheating an extrusion die and an extrusion cylinder to 390 ℃ at 330 ℃ and heating an ingot blank to 340 ℃ at 280 ℃ for extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is 6-12, and the extrusion speed is 0.8-1.6mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded semicircular section;
(4) the magnesium alloy extrusion section is subjected to isothermal aging treatment for 6-20h at 170-220 ℃ and cooled.
2. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.0-5.0%, Zn: 2.0-3.0%, the sum of Al content and Zn content is: 6.5% or more and 8% or less of Al + Zn, and Mn: 0.2-0.6%, RE: 0.05-0.50%, Ca: 0.002-0.060%; the magnesium alloy material comprises inevitable impurity elements such as Fe, Si, Cu, Ni and the like, wherein Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.005%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total content of impurities is not more than 0.1%.
3. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the alloy component RE element comprises Gd and Y or a mixed element of the Gd and the Y, and when the alloy component RE is formed by mixing the Gd and the Y, the mass ratio of the Gd to the Y is (0.01-100) to 1.
4. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the semi-continuous casting process adopted in the step (1) has the advantages that the temperature of the melt in the furnace is 670-; the homogenizing annealing process in the step (2) comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ and 430 ℃ for 10-20 h.
5. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a magnesium alloy cast rod with the diameter phi of 250-; in the step (2), after detection and processing steps such as mechanical peeling, ultrasonic flaw detection, sawing, blanking and the like, an extrusion ingot blank with the diameter phi of 240-; and (3) obtaining the semi-circular section with the outer diameter of more than or equal to 180mm, the inner diameter of more than or equal to 110mm and the length of more than or equal to 3000 mm.
6. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) preheating the extrusion die and the extrusion cylinder in the step (3) to the temperature of 350-380 ℃, heating the ingot blank to the temperature of 280-320 ℃ in a power frequency furnace, and carrying out extrusion after heat preservation for 10-30 min.
7. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the extrusion ratio of the step (3) is 6-10, and the extrusion speed is 0.8-1.3 mm/s.
8. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) the extrusion die in the step (3) adopts a semicircular die orifice eccentric design, namely the distance from the circle center of the semicircular ring to the circle center of the die is 1/3-2/3 of the outer diameter of the semicircular ring.
9. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) carrying out isothermal aging on the extruded section in the step (4) at the temperature of 180-210 ℃ for 8-18h, and cooling in air.
10. A magnesium alloy semicircular ring profile, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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