CN112522553A - High-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.50 to 0.85 percent of Mg; 0.80 to 1.30 percent of Si; 0.10 to 0.35 percent of Fe; 0.03 to 0.25 percent of Ti; 0.03-0.30% of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is Al. The alloy preparation method is a short-process sub-rapid solidification casting and rolling preparation method, and comprises five steps: alloy smelting, water-cooling copper roller casting and rolling, multi-pass cold rolling, solid solution heat treatment and artificial aging. The preparation method has the advantages that: the formation of Al-Ti-Zr ternary phase effectively inhibits the abnormal growth of crystal grains in the Al-Mg-Si alloyThe thermal stability of the alloy is obviously improved, the distribution and the size of a precipitated phase are improved, and the precipitation strengthening is improved; introducing supersaturated solid solution Zr element to participate in nano Mg by sub-rapid solidification casting rolling2The Si phase precipitation process promotes the aging kinetics and improves the aging hardening response; after artificial aging, the alloy has uniform and fine crystal grains, high yield strength reaching 312MPa and high plasticity. The preparation method of the invention shortens the process flow steps and time, and the plate and strip material has high quality and high yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metals, in particular to a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the increasingly severe problems of the world natural environment and energy, the social demand of light weight of the automobile is very strong, and the light weight of the automobile body can reduce energy consumption and emission and improve efficiency, so that the automobile has very important significance. The aluminum alloy has high specific strength and specific rigidity, is corrosion-resistant, has good formability and high recycling rate, and is an ideal material for realizing the lightweight of automobiles.
Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is an aging aluminum alloy which can be strengthened by heat treatment. The steel sheet is considered to be the most promising material for automobile bodies because of its excellent formability during working and high yield strength after age hardening. Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive industry, and are widely used as panels for large-sized automobile panels such as outer panels and inner panels of automobiles, and in many products such as hoods, fenders, doors, roofs, and trunk lids.
The preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy reported by related documents comprises the following steps: the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is prepared by casting aluminum ingots through multiple steps of homogenizing heat treatment, hot rolling, annealing, cold rolling, solid solution and quenching treatment, pre-aging, baking finish hardening (artificial aging) and the like, and the yield strength of the obtained Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is 200 MPa.
In addition, the literature also reports the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate: compared with the conventional process, although a long-time high-temperature homogenization procedure is omitted, the method still has the procedures of cast rolling blank heating and high-temperature homogenization annealing, so that the production cost of the material is increased, and the preparation time is prolonged. In addition, the yield strength of the aluminum alloy prepared by the preparation method is 175MPa, and the elongation is 20%.
At present, the process flow for preparing the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is complex, the cost is high, the production efficiency is low, and the mechanical property of the prepared alloy material is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.50 to 0.85 percent of Mg; 0.80 to 1.30 percent of Si; 0.10 to 0.35 percent of Fe; 0.03 to 0.25 percent of Ti; 0.03-0.30% of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being Al.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding an industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, an Al-Si intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti intermediate alloy and an Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for heating and melting, and blowing argon gas for heat preservation after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper roller gap for cast rolling to obtain a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank, wherein the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 2.5-8 mm;
(3) carrying out 3-9 times of cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 75-90%, and obtaining an alloy cold-rolled plate;
(4) and (4) carrying out ice-water quenching on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) after solution heat treatment, and then carrying out artificial aging treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Further, the heating and melting temperature in the step (1) is 700-.
Further, the argon is blown into the step (1) for heat preservation for 10-30 min.
Further, the diameter of the roller of the water-cooled copper roller in the step (2) is phi 100 and 500mm, the thickness of the roller sleeve is 10-35mm, the gap distance between the rollers is 1.5-8.5mm, and the linear speed of the roller is 30-105 mm/s.
Preferably, the diameter of the water-cooled copper roller in the step (2) is phi 250-360mm, the thickness of the roller sleeve is 20-27mm, the gap distance between the rollers is 3.3-7mm, and the linear speed of the rollers is 35-80 mm/s.
Further, the alloy cast-rolling blank in the step (3) is subjected to 4-6 times of cold rolling, and the total reduction is 80-85%.
Further, the solution heat treatment temperature in the step (4) is 500-600 ℃, and the time is 3-30 min.
Further, the quenching temperature of the ice water in the step (4) is 0-5 ℃.
Further, the artificial aging temperature in the step (4) is 160-210 ℃, and the time is 1-5 h.
The invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, by adding the Al-Ti and Al-Zr intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti-Zr ternary precipitated phase is formed, the Al-Ti-Zr ternary precipitated phase becomes a crystal grain heterogeneous nucleation core, and the heterogeneous nucleation core effectively inhibits abnormal growth of crystal grains, so that the thermal stability of the alloy is improved, the distribution and size of the precipitated phase are improved, and precipitation strengthening is improved; zr element which is introduced into supersaturated solid solution by sub-rapid solidification casting rolling and participates in nano Mg2The Si phase precipitation process promotes the aging kinetics and improves the aging hardening response. After artificial aging, the alloy crystal grains are allUniform and fine, high yield strength reaching 312MPa, and high plasticity. In addition, the preparation method is a short-process sub-rapid solidification casting and rolling preparation method, so that the process flow steps and time are shortened, the production cost is reduced, the quality of the plate and strip is high, and the yield is high; the thermal stability and the strong plasticity of the Al-Mg-Si alloy are improved. The concrete effects are as follows:
(1) the method for casting and rolling the Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy is simple and easy to operate, the casting and rolling blank with sub-rapid solidification is obtained by the method for casting and rolling the water-cooling copper roller, the long-time high-temperature homogenization treatment is obviously shortened or omitted, the process cost is reduced, and the method is simple to operate and high in efficiency;
(2) the cast-rolled Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy designed by the invention has obvious performance improvement and age hardening effect after aging for a short time, and particularly shows that the yield strength and the specific strength are obviously improved. The yield strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy after artificial aging is higher than 300MPa, and the elongation is higher than 20%.
Drawings
FIG. 1: comparative images of the alloy cast-rolled structure obtained for comparative example 1 and example 3 by polarization microscope OM;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of T4 after treatment (solution heat treatment) in example 3;
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of T6 after treatment (artificial aging) in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg:0.5 percent; si: 1.0 percent; fe: 0.2 percent; ti: 0.1 percent; 0.1 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 10min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 260mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 20mm, the roll gap distance of the roll is 4.5mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 65mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy casting and rolling blank is obtained, and the thickness of the casting and rolling blank is 4 mm;
(3) carrying out 5-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 79%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.85 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 530 ℃ for 10min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and artificially aging the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 160 ℃ for 2h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as alloy 1 in T6 state) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Example 2
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.7 percent; si: 1.2 percent; fe: 0.17 percent; ti: 0.05 percent; 0.05 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 12min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 270mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 23mm, the roll gap distance is 4mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 70mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank is obtained, and the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 3.5 mm;
(3) carrying out 4-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast-rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 80%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.71 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 560 ℃ for 6min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and carrying out artificial aging on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 165 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as alloy 2 in T6 state) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Example 3
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.75 percent; si: 1.3 percent; fe: 0.17 percent; ti: 0.15 percent; 0.15 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 14min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 300mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 27mm, the roll gap distance is 7mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 42mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank is obtained, and the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 6.5 mm;
(3) carrying out 6-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 89%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.73 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 570 ℃ for 4min, then carrying out ice water quenching, and artificially aging the alloy cold-rolled sheet subjected to quenching treatment at 175 ℃ for 1.8h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as alloy 3 in T6 state) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Comparative example 1
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.75 percent; si: 1.3 percent; fe: 0.17 percent; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium and Al-Si intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and blowing argon gas into the smelting furnace after the raw materials are stirred and melted to keep the temperature for 14min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 320mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 28mm, the roll gap distance is 7mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 45mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank is obtained, and the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 6.5 mm;
(3) carrying out 6-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 89%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.73 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 570 ℃ for 4min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and artificially aging the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 175 ℃ for 1.8h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as T6 state alloy) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Comparative example 1 differs from the examples in that: comparative example 1 does not contain Zr and Ti elements. FIG. 1(a) is a polarizing microscope OM image of a cast-rolled structure of an alloy in a T6 state obtained in comparative example 1; FIG. 1(b) is a view of a cast-rolled structure polarization microscope OM of alloy 3 in the T6 state prepared in example 3. As can be seen from the figure: the average size of the grain diameter of comparative example 1 was 40 μm, the standard deviation of the grain size was 16.3, and abnormal growth of part of the grains occurred; example 3 the average size of the crystal grain diameter was 13 μm and the standard deviation of the crystal grain size was 4.9. Lower standard deviation indicates more uniform size, and higher standard deviation indicates more non-uniform size, from which it can be derived: compared with comparative example 1, the aluminum alloy prepared by the invention has fine and uniform grain size. Table 1 below shows the comparison of the properties of the alloys obtained in examples 2 and 3 with the process flow.
Table 1 comparison of alloy properties obtained for examples 2 and 3 compared to the process flow
As can be seen from the scanning electron microscope of fig. 2: in the alloy in the T4 state of the embodiment 2, an Al-Ti-Zr ternary precipitated phase is formed, the Al-Ti-Zr ternary precipitated phase becomes a heterogeneous nucleation core of crystal grains, and the heterogeneous nucleation core effectively inhibits the abnormal growth of the crystal grains, so that the thermal stability of the alloy is improved. As can be seen from the transmission electron microscope of FIG. 3: example 3 alloy in T6 State, Zr element is present in Nano Mg2In the Si phase, it can be seen from table 1 that the alloy yield strength after T6 of example 3 is much higher than that of comparative example 3, and it can be seen from table 1 and fig. 3 that: zr element promotes the precipitation of nanophase in the artificial aging process and improves the nano Mg2The quantity of Si strengthening phase, thereby improving the mechanical property of the alloy.
Example 4
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.6 percent; si: 1.2 percent; fe: 0.25 percent; ti: 0.15 percent; 0.15 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 15min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 250mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 18mm, the roll gap distance of the roll is 4.5mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 65mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank is obtained, and the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 4 mm;
(3) carrying out 5-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 80%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.79 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 560 ℃ for 6min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and carrying out artificial aging on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as alloy 4 in T6 state) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Example 5
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.55 percent; si: 1.15 percent; fe: 0.23 percent; ti: 0.05 percent; 0.18 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 18min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 260mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 20mm, the roll gap distance of the roll is 3.3mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 80mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy casting and rolling blank is obtained, and the thickness of the casting and rolling blank is 2.8 mm;
(3) carrying out 4-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 75%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.71 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 560 ℃ for 6min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and artificially aging the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 175 ℃ for 1.8h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (alloy 5) which is fine in grain size, uniform in distribution and high in thermal stability (referred to as T6 state for short).
Example 6
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg:0.5 percent; si: 1.0 percent; fe:0.1 percent; ti:0.03 percent; 0.03 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 20min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 360mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 27mm, the roll gap distance of the roll is 7.7mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 35mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy casting and rolling blank is obtained, and the thickness of the casting and rolling blank is 7.2 mm;
(3) carrying out 6-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 90%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.75 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 560 ℃ for 6min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and carrying out artificial aging on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 170 ℃ for 2.0h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (hereinafter referred to as alloy 6 in T6 state) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Example 7
The Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
mg: 0.63%; si: 1.15 percent; fe: 0.23 percent; ti: 0.25 percent; 0.28 percent of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance of Al; the preparation method of the Al-Mg-Si alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding 99.98% of industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al-Ti intermediate alloy and Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting at 750 ℃, and after the raw materials are stirred and melted, blowing argon gas and preserving heat for 15min to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a roll gap of a water-cooling copper roll for casting, wherein the diameter of the roll of the water-cooling copper roll is phi 305mm, the thickness of a roll sleeve is 25mm, the roll gap distance of the roll is 5.1mm, and the linear speed of the roll is 60mm/s, so that a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank is obtained, and the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 4.6 mm;
(3) carrying out 5-pass cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 80%, so as to obtain an alloy cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.92 mm;
(4) and (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) at 580 ℃ for 3min, then carrying out ice water quenching (the state is referred to as T4 state for short), and carrying out artificial aging on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment at 165 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy (referred to as T6 state alloy 7 for short) with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
Claims (10)
1. The high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy is characterized in that: the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.50 to 0.85 percent of Mg; 0.80 to 1.30 percent of Si; 0.10 to 0.35 percent of Fe; 0.03 to 0.25 percent of Ti; 0.03-0.30% of Zr; the total amount of inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being Al.
2. The method of producing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, wherein: it comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding an industrial pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium, an Al-Si intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti intermediate alloy and an Al-Zr intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace for heating and melting, and blowing argon gas for heat preservation after the raw materials are stirred and melted to obtain an alloy melt;
(2) guiding the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a water-cooled copper roller gap for cast rolling to obtain a sub-rapid solidification alloy cast-rolled blank, wherein the thickness of the cast-rolled blank is 2.5-8 mm;
(3) carrying out 3-9 times of cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank obtained in the step (2), wherein the total reduction is 75-90%, and obtaining an alloy cold-rolled plate;
(4) and (4) carrying out ice-water quenching on the alloy cold-rolled sheet obtained in the step (3) after solution heat treatment, and then carrying out artificial aging treatment on the alloy cold-rolled sheet after quenching treatment to obtain the Al-Mg-Si alloy with fine grain size, uniform distribution and high thermal stability.
3. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the heating and melting temperature in the step (1) is 700-800 ℃.
4. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: and (2) blowing argon gas for 10-30min for heat preservation.
5. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the water-cooled copper roller in the step (2) is phi 100-.
6. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the water-cooled copper roller in the step (2) is phi 250-.
7. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: and (4) carrying out 4-6 times of cold rolling on the alloy cast rolling blank in the step (3), wherein the total rolling reduction is 80-85%.
8. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature of the solution heat treatment in the step (4) is 500-600 ℃, and the time is 3-30 min.
9. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the quenching temperature of the ice water in the step (4) is 0-5 ℃.
10. The method for preparing a high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the artificial aging temperature in the step (4) is 160-210 ℃, and the time is 1-5 h.
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