CN112442011A - 一种前药化合物及其在治疗癌症方面的应用 - Google Patents
一种前药化合物及其在治疗癌症方面的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112442011A CN112442011A CN201910818779.0A CN201910818779A CN112442011A CN 112442011 A CN112442011 A CN 112442011A CN 201910818779 A CN201910818779 A CN 201910818779A CN 112442011 A CN112442011 A CN 112442011A
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- axitinib
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的N-甲基-2-((3-((1E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺的前药以及其组合物,以及将其用于治疗由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病症状或病症,诸如癌症。
背景技术
阿西替尼(化学名称:N-甲基-2-((3-((1E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺;商品名:)是一种用于治疗癌症的小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)(例如,参见WO2001002369,下文示出了该化合物的结构)。已经表明,阿西替尼在动物异种移植模型中能够显著地抑制乳腺癌的生长(Wilmes,L.J.et al.,Magn.Reson.Imaging,2007,25(3):319–327)。该药物已经在肾细胞癌(RCC)的临床实验中显示出部分响应(Rini,B.etal.,J.of Clin.Oncol.2005,ASCO Annual MeetingProceedings,23(16S):4509),并且对于若干种其它肿瘤类型同样显示出部分响应(Rugo,H.S.et al.,J.Clin.Oncol.,2005,23:5474-5483)。在无进展生存期显示出适度增加后,阿西替尼已被美国食品和药品管理局批准用于治疗RCC。
阿西替尼的结构如下所示:
阿西替尼之所以被用于靶向抗癌治疗,是由于它以癌细胞内部的血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)为靶点并与之相结合。VEGFR存在于许多正常细胞和癌细胞的表面上。通过与这些受体结合,阿西替尼阻断了促进血管生成(肿瘤形成的新血管)的重要途径(Escudier,B.and Gore,M.,"Axitinib for the Management of Metastatic Renal CellCarcinoma",Drugs in R&D,2011,11(2):113-126)。
此外,来自于中晚期分化(乳头状、滤泡状或损伤性)的甲状腺癌患者的多中心II期研究的数据支持了在I131-难治性疾病或不能接受I131的患者中使用阿西替尼(Cohen,Ezra E.W.et al.,J.Clin.Oncol.,2008,26(29):4708-4713)。另一项针对晚期甲状腺癌的多中心II期研究也支持在治疗I131-难治性疾病时使用阿西替尼(Locati,L.D.et al.,Cancer,2014,120(17):2694-2703)。因此,阿西替尼还在药品核准标示外用于治疗(分化型的、晚期的)甲状腺癌。
使用阿西替尼治疗癌症的一个问题是它的副作用。已经报道了许多不同的副作用,包括腹泻、高血压、疲劳、食欲下降、恶心、发声困难、手足综合征、体重下降、呕吐、乏力和便秘,并且在20%以上的患者中出现最常见的副作用(FDA Prescribing Information,January 30,2012)。
正如其他口服药物(包括其他酪氨酸激酶抑制剂)一样,阿西替尼的药代动力学(PK)在健康志愿者和癌症患者中是变化的(Garrett,M.et al.,Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol.,2013,77(3):480-492)。值得注意的是,从口服施用阿西替尼的估算残留标准差(50.9%)和静脉注射阿西替尼的估算残留标准差(34.2%)可以明显看出阿西替尼PK的巨大变化性,从而不能通过在模型中引入个体随时间的差异(inter-occasion variability,IOV)来降低。
阿西替尼PK的变化性的确切原因尚待阐明。已知的是阿西替尼代谢严重(Smith,B.J.et al.,Drug Metab.Dispos.,2014,42:918-931;和Zientek,M.A,et al.,DrugMeta.Dispos.,2016,44(1):102-114)。在三种主要的代谢物中,一种是中心吡唑环(M7)的氮原子处的葡糖醛酸化产物,而另外两种是来自单氧化步骤的代谢产物。由于阿西替尼主要由CYP3A4/5代谢,因此推测导致变化性的一个主要原因可能是CYP3A4/5表达中的差异和/或在肝脏和肠道中活性的差异(据报道,在健康受试者中,CYP3A4/5表达具有10至40倍的变化性)。
由于阿西替尼是一种低提取率药物,因此阿西替尼的代谢清除率对于不同水平的肝脏和肠道代谢酶特别敏感。另一种可能的解释是阿西替尼血浆结合在受试者之间的变化性。对于高残留(受试者内)变化性,阿西替尼的溶解和随后胃肠道吸收的差异可能是一个促成因素。阿西替尼的溶解度是pH依赖性,溶解度随着pH的增加而降低,因此胃和十二指肠中pH值的变化可能导致阿西替尼的溶解度的变化。
由于阿西替尼的血浆暴露不仅会影响其毒性,也会影响其临床效果,因此确定导致阿西替尼PK变化性的临床因素是至关重要的。为了降低毒性并保持稳定的治疗效果,需要消除或减少阿西替尼的PK变化性。
前药是施用后被代谢(即在体内转化)为药理活性药物的药物或化合物(例如,参见Rautio,J.et al.,"The expanding role of prodrugs in contemporary drug designand development",Nat.Rev.Drug Discov.,2018,17,559-587;和Miles H.,et al.,Pharmacology:Principles and Practice.Academic Press,Jun 19,2009,pp.216-217)。非活性前药是在体内代谢成活性形式的药理学无活性的药物。因此,可不是直接给药,而是使用相应的前药来改善药物的吸收、分布、代谢和/或排泄方式(ADME)(例如,参见Malhotra,B.,et al.,"The design and development of fesoterodine as a prodrugof 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine(5-HMT),the active metabolite of tolterodine",Curr.Med.Chem.,2009,16(33):4481-9;and Stella,V.J.,et al,"Prodrugs.Do theyhave advantages in clinical practice?",Drugs,1985,29(5):455-73)。前药可用于改善药物与非预期靶标的细胞或过程相互作用的选择性。这可以减少药物的副作用或非预期效果,对于化疗等经常有严重非预期和非预期副作用的治疗尤其重要。例如,替诺福韦艾拉酚胺(TAF)是被开发用来提供增强的抗病毒效力和降低的系统毒性的一种新的替诺福韦前药(Byrne,R.,et al.,Therap.Adv.Gastroenterol.,2018,11:1-12)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是至少改善现有技术中存在的一些缺陷。至少部分地基于发明者对通过开发该N-甲基-2-((3-((1E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺的前药来调节或改善该具体化合物的药代动力学特性以使其适用于治疗应用需求的理解,从而研发了本发明。通过本文所限定的阿西替尼衍生物和/或前药,药物组合物,以及它们的应用,可以满足抑制或调节酪氨酸激酶的活性,以及治疗由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病症或病症,例如癌症等方面的用途和需求以及其他方面的需求。
不希望受理论的限制,据认为阿西替尼的适当前药策略能够通过改变该药物代谢途径的过程和/或速率来调节该药物的药代动力学特性。例如,保护阿西替尼中的环氮原子可改变体系的电子密度,从而调节氧化速率,进而调节化合物的代谢。当将保护基引入到吡唑中的氮原子时,至少在一定程度上可以避免或减少在该氮上发生葡糖醛酸化反应的发生。
在第一方面,本发明提供了式(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化物或各种多晶型体:
其中,R1和R2独立地为氢(H)或保护基(P);R3可存在或不存在;当R3存在并为保护基时,与R3相连的氮原子带正电,并且存在平衡离子;条件是式I的化合物不是阿西替尼。在R1和R2均为保护基(P)的实施方式中,保护基可相同或不同。
在一些实施方式中,本文所提供的化合物是阿西替尼的前药,即,在受试者中代谢或转化为阿西替尼。
在一个实施方式中,式I的化合物为式II的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化物或多晶型:
其中,R1和R2独立地为氢(H)或保护基(P),并且当R1和R2均为保护基时,保护基可相同或不同。
在另一实施方式中,式I的化合物为式III的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化物或多晶型:
在一个实施方式中,保护基选自酰基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、烷基硫代羰基、甲酰基硫代酰基、烷基氨基甲酰基、芳基氨基甲酰基、取代的或未取代的乙酰基、取代的或未取代的氨基烷酰基、取代或未取代的α-氨基烷酰基、天然或非天然氨基酸衍生具有或不具有取代基的酰基、肽残基的酰基、环烷基羰基、杂环烷基羰基、烷氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、杂烷氧基羰基、杂芳氧基羰基、和具有或不具有取代基的低聚乙二醇化羰基。
在另一实施方式中,保护基选自R4(R5R6C)m-,其中,m为选自0至6的整数,R5和R6独立地为氢或低级烷基,并且R4为 其中,X为氧(O)、硫(S)、氮(N)或碳(C);R7和R8独立地为氢,取代或未取代的烷基或环烷基,具有取代基或不具有取代基的芳基或杂芳基,取代或未取代的氧杂烃基、取代或未取代的羟甲基、含有碳酸酯或羧酸酯的烃基、结构为R10-(OCH2CH2)n-的PEG残基,诸如低级烷基或芳基的成酯基团或诸如低级烷基或芳基的成醚部分,其中,n=1至10,R10为氢或低级烷基;或者,当X为氧或硫时,R7和R8独立为成盐部分,诸如钠、钾、四乙铵或四丁铵;或者,R7和X的组合一起形成取代或未取代的烷基或芳基;或者,当X为氮时,R7和X的组合一起形成取代或未取代的氨基酸衍生物,并且X是该氨基酸中氨基的氮原子;R9选自低级烷基、羟基、卤素(-F、-Cl、-Br或-I)、硝基、氨基、低级烷基氨基和低级烷氧基;或者R9和其所连接的苯环一起形成非芳香族或芳香族稠环基团、例如取代或未取代的萘基;前提条件是,式I、式II或式III的化合物不是阿西替尼。
在一些实施方式中,平衡离子选自,但不限于卤素离子(F-、Cl-、Br-和I-)、硫酸根离子、甲磺酸根离子、甲苯磺酸根离子、草酸根离子、酒石酸根离子和其它药学上可接受的阴离子部分。
在一些实施方式中,式I至III的化合物为表1中示出的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、螯合物、水合物、溶剂化合物、立体异构体或多晶型体。
表1.阿西替尼衍生化合物的实例
在第二概括性方面,本发明提供了一种包括本文所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯,以及药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了包括式I、式II或式III所示化合物或其药物学上可接受的盐或酯,以及药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
在第三概括性方面,本发明提供了抑制或调节受试者中酪氨酸激酶活性的方法。在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了在有需要的受试者中治疗由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病症状或病症的方法,包括将有效量的上文所述的化合物和/或药物组合物施用至受试者。通过本文所提供的方法可治疗受试者的由酪氨酸介导的疾病病症或病症的非限制性实例包括各种肿瘤和癌症。可治疗的肿瘤和癌症的实例包括但不限于:肾细胞肿瘤(RCC)、乳腺癌和甲状腺癌。
在一些实施方式中,施用式I、式II或式III的化合物和/或其药物组合物以调节阿西替尼的药代动力学特性,例如,与施用阿西替尼相比,在受试者中提高生物利用度、改变有效血浆浓度的持续时间、降低血浆水平的变化性、降低副作用和/或改善阿西替尼的治疗效果。
在其他实施方式中,与施用阿西替尼相比,施用式I、式II或式III的化合物和/或其药物组合物以改善生物分布、降低代谢和/或扩展阿西替尼在受试者中的治疗应用。
在另一实施方式中,与施用阿西替尼相比,施用式I、式II或式III的化合物和/或其药物组合物以通过调整PK特性来增加或调节阿西替尼的半衰期,从而降低或改变该化合物对受试者的给药频率。
在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了在有需要的受试者中治疗由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病病症或症状的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的式I、式II或式III的化合物或其药物组合物施用至受试者,从而治疗疾病病症或症状。在另一实施方式中,本发明提供了在有需要的受试者中治疗肿瘤或癌症的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的式I、式II或式III的化合物或其药物组合物施用至受试者,从而治疗该肿瘤或癌症。
在另一概括性的方面中,本发明的化合物和方法单独在受试者中用于治疗由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病病症或症状。在一些实施方式中,为了治疗受试者中由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病病症或症状,本发明的化合物和方法与其它治疗剂或方法联合使用,包括但不限于程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(亦称为程序性细胞死亡-1,PD-1)和程序性细胞死亡配体1(亦称为程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1配体,PD-L1)抑制剂。
在另一概括性的方面中,本发明提供了包括本文所述的一种或多种化合物或药物组合物的试剂盒。该试剂盒可进一步包括一种或多种额外的治疗剂和/或说明,例如使用该试剂盒以治疗患有由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病症状或病症的说明。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明以及更清楚了示出如何实施本发明,现将通过实例的方式并参考附图来进一步阐述本发明,其中附图示出了根据本发明的实施例的方面和特征,其中:
图1:经灌胃分别给与相同摩尔剂量的化合物1、5、10和阿西替尼后,所测得的血浆中阿西替尼的浓度与时间的变化曲线。其中,-●-:化合物1;-◆-:化合物5:-x-:化合物10:-▲-:阿西替尼。
图2:各组动物在治疗结束时肿瘤的体积;其中,G1-对照组,G2-低剂量的阿西替尼,G3-高剂量的阿西替尼,G4-低剂量的化合物1,G5-高剂量的化合物1,G6-低剂量的化合物5,G7-高剂量的化合物5,G8-低剂量的化合物10,G9-高剂量的化合物10;其中,低剂量和高剂量分别为10mg/kg和30mg/kg阿西替尼的等摩尔剂量。
图3:各组动物在治疗结束时肿瘤重量的柱状图;其中,G1-对照组,G2-低剂量的阿西替尼,G3-高剂量的阿西替尼,G4-低剂量的化合物1,G5-高剂量的化合物1,G6-低剂量的化合物5,G7-高剂量的化合物5,G8-低剂量的化合物10,G9-高剂量的化合物10;其中,低剂量和高剂量分别为10mg/kg和30mg/kg阿西替尼的等摩尔剂量。
具体实施方式
定义
为了对本发明的说明书中所使用的术语提供清楚且一致的理解,在下文中提供一些定义。此外,除了特殊说明,本发明所用的全部技术和科学术语具有同本发明所属领域中普通技术人员通常所理解的相同的含义。
当在权利要求和/或说明书中与术语“包括”结合使用时,词语“一”的使用可以表示“一个/种”,但它也表示“一个或多个”,“至少一个”和“一个或多于一个”的含义。类似地,词语“另一个”可以表示至少第二个或者很多个。
如在本说明书和权利要求中所使用的词语“包括”(以及包括的任何形式,诸如“包括”和“包含”),“具有”(以及任何形式的具有,“具有”、“包含”和“含有”)是包括性的和开放式的,并且不排除另外的未列出的要素或处理步骤。
术语“约”用于表示该值包括在确定该值中所用的仪器和方法带来的误差。
本发明所用的术语“衍生物”应理解为是结构上类似,在一些细微结构上不同的另一种化合物。
本说明书涉及了本领域技术人员所使用的许多化学术语和缩写。然而,为了清楚和一致性,提供了所选术语的定义。
如本文所使用的,术语“取代”或“具有取代基”是指母体化合物或部分具有至少一个取代基团。术语“未取代的”或“不具有取代基”是指母体化合物或部分除了未确定的化合价被氢原子化学饱和外,不具有其他取代基。
如本文所述,“取代基”或“取代基团”是指选自卤素(F、Cl、Br或I)、羟基、巯基、氨基、硝基、羰基、羧基、烷基、烷氧基、烷基氨基、芳基、芳基氧基、芳基氨基、酰基、亚硫酰基、磺酰基、膦酰基或在有机化学中常规使用和接受的其它有机部分。
本发明所用术语“烷基”是指具有1至12个碳原子的饱和烃,包括直链,支链和环状烷基。烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、异丙基、叔丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、环丙基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基等。术语烷基包括未取代的烷基和取代的烷基。术语“C1-Cn烷基”(其中n是2至12的整数)表示具有1至所示“n”个碳原子的烷基。烷基残基可以是取代的或未取代的。在一些实施方式中,例如,烷基可以被羟基、氨基、羧基、羧酸酯、酰胺、氨基甲酸酯或氨基烷基等基团取代。
除非对碳数有限定,否则本文中所使用的“低级脂肪族”、“低级烷基”、“低级烯基”和“低级炔基”中的“低级”表示该部分具有至少一个(对于烯基和炔基为至少两个)且等于或小于6个碳原子。
术语“环烷基”,“脂环族”,“碳环”和等同表述是指在单环、螺环(共享一个原子)或稠合(共享至少一个键)碳环体系中包含饱和或部分不饱和碳环的基团,其中碳环体系具有3至15个碳原子。环烷基的实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯-1-基、环戊烯-2-基、环戊烯-3-基、环己基、环己烯-1-基、环己烯-2-基、环己烯-3环庚基、双环[4,3,0]壬基、降冰片基等。术语环烷基包括未取代的环烷基和取代的环烷基。术语“C3-Cn环烷基”其中n是4至15的整数,表示在环结构中具有3至所示“n”个碳原子的环烷基。除非另有说明,否则本发明使用的“低环烷基”基团指在其环结构中具有至少3个且等于或小于8个碳原子。
本发明所用术语环烷基残基可以是饱和的或在环体系中含有一个或多个双键的基团。特别地,它们可以是饱和的或在环体系内含有一个双键。在不饱和环烷基残基中,双键可存在于任何合适的位置。单环烷基残基包括例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环庚基、环庚烯基、环辛基、环壬基、环癸基、环十一烷基、环十二烷基或环十四烷基,其也可取代有C1-4烷基。取代的环烷基残基的实例是4-甲基环己基和2,3-二甲基环戊基。双环体系的母体结构的实例是降冰片烷、双环[2.2.1]庚烷、双环[2.2.2]辛烷和双环[3.2.1]辛烷。
本发明所用术语“杂环烷基”和等同表述是指在单环、螺环(共享一个原子)或稠合(共享至少一个键)碳环体系中包含饱和或部分不饱和碳环的基团,其具有3个至15个碳原子的基团,包括1至6个杂原子(例如N、O、S、P)或者含杂原子(例如NH、NRx(Rx是烷基、酰基、芳基、杂芳基或环烷基),PO2、SO、SO2等)的基团。杂环烷基可以与C连接或与杂原子连接的(例如通过氮原子)。杂环烷基的实例包括但不限于吡咯烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢二噻吩基、四氢吡喃基、四氢噻喃基、哌啶基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、噻噁烷基、哌嗪基、氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、硫杂环丁烷基、高哌啶基、氧杂环戊烷基、硫杂环戊烷基、氧氮杂卓基、二氮杂卓基、硫氮杂基、1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶基、2-吡咯啉基、3-吡咯啉基、二氢吲哚基、2H-吡喃基、4H-吡喃基、二氧六环基、1,3-二氧戊环基、吡唑啉基、二噻烷基、二硫杂环戊烷基、二氢吡喃基、二氢噻吩基、二氢呋喃基、吡唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、3-氮杂双环[3,1,0]己基、3-氮杂双环[4,1,0]庚基、3H-吲哚基、喹嗪基和糖等。术语杂环烷基包括未取代的杂环烷基和取代的杂环烷基。术语“C3-Cn杂环烷基”,其中n是4至15的整数,表示在环结构中具有3至所示“n”个原子的杂环烷基,包括至少一个如上所定义的杂基团或原子。除非另有说明,否则本发明使用的“低杂环烷基”指在其环状结构中具有至少3个且等于或小于8个碳原子。
本发明所用术语“芳基”和“芳基环”是指在共轭单环或多环体系(稠和或非稠和的)中具有“4n+2”个(π)电子,并具有6至14个环原子的芳族基团,其中n是1至3的整数。多环系统包括至少一个芳环。芳基可以直接连接或通过C1-C3烷基(也称为芳基烷基或芳烷基)连接。芳基的实例包括但不限于苯基、苄基、苯乙基、1-苯基乙基、甲苯基、萘基、联苯基、三联苯基、茚基、苯并环辛烯基、苯并环庚烯基、薁基、苊基、芴基、菲基、蒽基等。术语芳基包括未取代的芳基和取代的芳基。术语“C6-Cn芳基”(其中n是6至15的整数)表示在环结构中具有6至所示“n”个碳原子的芳基,包括至少一个如上所定义的杂环基团或原子。
本发明所用术语“杂芳基”和“杂芳基环”是指在共轭单环或多环体系(稠和或非稠和的)中具有“4n+2”个(π)电子的芳族基团,其中n是1至3的整数,并包括一个至六个杂原子(例如N、O、S)或者包括杂原子(例如NH、NRx(Rx是烷基、酰基、芳基、杂芳基或环烷基),SO、SO2等)的基团。多环系统包括至少一个杂芳环。杂芳基可以直接连接或通过C1-C3烷基(也称为杂芳基烷基或杂芳烷基)连接。杂芳基可以与碳连接的或者与杂原子连接的(例如,通过氮原子)。杂芳基的实例包括但不限于吡啶基、咪唑基、嘧啶基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基;异噁唑基、噻唑基、噁唑基、异噻唑基、吡咯烷基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、色烯基、异色烯基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、噌啉基、吲唑基、吲嗪基、酞嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、三嗪基、异吲哚基、喋啶基、呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹啉酮基、异喹啉酮基、喹喔啉基、萘啶基、呋喃并吡啶基、咔唑基、菲啶基、吖啶基、苝基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩基等。术语杂芳基包括未取代的杂芳基和取代的杂芳基。术语“C5-Cn杂芳基”,其中n是6至15的整数,表示在环结构中具有从5至所示“n”个原子的杂芳基,包括至少一个如上所定义的杂环基团或原子。
本发明所用术语“杂环”或“杂环的”包括杂环烷基和杂芳基。杂环的实例包括但不限于吖啶基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、4αH-咔唑基、咔啉基、苯并二氢吡喃基、色烯基、噌啉基、十氢喹啉基、2H,6H-1,5,2-二噻嗪基、二氢呋喃并[2,3-b]四氢呋喃、呋喃基、呋咱基、咪唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑基、1H-吲唑基、二氢吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、亚甲二氧基苯基、吗啉基、萘啶基、八氢异喹啉基、噁二唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噁唑烷基、嘧啶基、菲啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶酮基、4-哌啶酮基、胡椒基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并噁唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡啶并噻唑、吡啶基、吡啶基、吡咯基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-喹嗪基、喹喔啉基、奎宁环基、四氢呋喃基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、四唑基、6H-1,2,5-噻二嗪基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基、噻蒽基、噻唑基、噻吩基、噻吩并噻唑基、噻吩并噁唑基、噻吩并咪唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,5-三唑基、1,3,4-三唑基、呫吨基等。术语“杂环”包括未取代的杂环基和取代的杂环基。
本发明所用术语“胺”或“氨基”是指未取代或取代的通式-NRaRb的片段,其中Ra和Rb各自独立地为氢、烷基、芳基或杂环基,或Ra和Rb一起与它们所连接的氮原子形成杂环。术语氨基指化合物或片段中至少一个碳或杂原子与氮原子共价键合。因此,本发明所用术语“烷基氨基”和“二烷基氨基”是指分别具有一个和至少两个C1-C6烷基与氮原子连接的胺基。术语“芳基氨基”和“二芳基氨基”包括至少一个或两个芳基结合的基团与氮原子连接。术语“酰胺”或“氨基羰基”指化合物或片段的羰基或硫代羰基的碳与氮原子相连的结构。术语“酰基氨基”是指氨基直接于酰基连接的结构。
术语“烷巯基”是指具有巯基连接其上的烷基。合适的烷巯基包括具有1至约12个碳原子,优选1至约6个碳原子的基团。本文所用的术语“烷基羧基”是指具有羧基连接其上的烷基。
本发明所用术语“烷氧基”或“低级烷氧基”是指烷基与氧原子相连的结构。代表性的烷氧基包括具有1至约6个碳原子的基团,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、叔丁氧基等。烷氧基的实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、异丙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、氯甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氯甲氧基等。术语“烷氧基”包括未取代或取代的烷氧基,以及全卤代烷氧基等。
本发明所用术语“羰基”或“羧基”是指化合物和片段含有通过双键与氧原子连接的碳。含有羰基的部分的实例包括醛、酮、羧酸、酰胺、酯、酸酐等。
本发明所用术语“酰基”是羰基的碳原子连接到氢(即甲酰基)、脂族基团(C1-C6烷基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,例如乙酰基)、环烷基(C3-C8环烷基)、杂环基(C3-C8杂环烷基和C5-C6杂芳基)、芳基(C6芳基,例如苯甲酰基)相连的羰基结构。酰基可以是未取代的或取代的酰基(例如水杨酰基)。
术语“溶剂化物”是指化合物与一种或多种溶剂分子(无论是有机的还是无机的)的物理缔合。该物理缔合包括氢键。在某些情况下,溶剂化物能够被分离,例如当一个或多个溶剂分子并入晶体的晶格中时。“溶剂合物”包括溶液相的溶剂化合物和可被分离的溶剂化物。“溶剂化物”的实例包括但不限于水合物、乙醇化物、甲醇化物、半乙醇化物等。
化合物的“药学上可接受的盐”是指药学上可接受的化合物的盐。理想的化合物的盐(碱性、酸性或带电官能团)可以保留或改善如本发明所定义的母体化合物的生物活性和性质,并且不是生物学上不需要的。药学上可接受的盐的实例如Berge等人在"Pharmaceutical Salts",J.Pharm.Sci.66,1-19(1977)所提到的,包括但不限于:
(1)通过加入酸在碱性或带正电荷的官能团上形成的酸加成盐,其中可加入无机酸,诸如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸、氨基磺酸、硝酸、磷酸、碳酸盐;或者加入有机酸,诸如乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、草酸、乙醇酸、新戊酸、叔丁基乙酸、β-羟基丁酸、戊酸、己酸、环戊烷丙酸、丙酮酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、3-(4-羟基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、1,2-乙二磺酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、环己基氨基磺酸、苯磺酸、磺胺酸、4-氯苯磺酸、2-萘磺酸、4-甲苯磺酸、樟脑磺酸、3-苯基丙酸、月桂基磺酸、月桂基硫酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、扑酸(扑酸)、扑酸、泛酸、乳糖酸、藻酸、半乳糖二酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖酸、葡庚糖酸、谷氨酸、萘甲酸、羟基萘甲酸、水杨酸、抗坏血酸、硬脂酸、粘康酸等。
(2)当母体化合物中存在酸性质子或者其被金属离子取代时,通过加入碱得到的碱加成盐;其中所述金属离子包括碱性金属离子(例如锂、钠、钾),碱土金属离子(镁、钙、钡)或其它金属离子如铝、锌、铁等;或者与有机碱配位,其中有机碱诸如氨、乙胺、二乙胺、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氨基丁三醇、N-甲基葡萄糖胺、哌嗪、氯普鲁卡因、普鲁卡因、胆碱、赖氨酸等。
药学上可接受的盐可以由含有碱性或酸性片段的母体化合物通过常规化学方法合成。通常,这种盐通过化合物(游离酸或碱)与等化学计量的碱或酸在水中或有机溶剂中或在两者的混合物中反应来制备。盐可以在药剂的最终分离或纯化过程中原位制备,或者将游离酸或碱形式的已纯化的本发明化合物单独的与所期望的相应碱或酸反应并分离由此形成的盐而制备。术语“药学上可接受的盐”还包括含有共价键合至阴离子基团的阳离子基团的两性离子化合物,它们被称作“内盐”。应当理解的是,本发明的化合物的所有酸,盐,碱和其它离子和非离子形式均涵盖在本发明的范围内。例如,如果本发明中化合物为酸,该化合物盐的形式也涵盖在本发明的范围内。同样,如果本发明中化合物为盐,该化合物的酸和/或碱的形式也涵盖在本发明的范围内。
如本文所使用的,术语“有效量”是指以单剂量或多剂量施用至受试者后,在受试者中提供所需的治疗、诊断或预后效应的治疗剂(例如化合物)的量或剂量。主治医生或诊断医生通过已知技术并通过观察在类似情况下获得的结果可容易地确定有效量。在确定施用的化合物的有效量或剂量时,考虑许多因素,包括但不限于:受试者的体重、年龄和一般健康状况;涉及的具体疾病;待治疗的疾病或病症的涉及程度或严重程度;受试者个体的回应;施用的特定化合物;施用模式;所施用制剂的生物利用度特征;所选的剂量方案;使用伴随药物;和其他相关考虑。
“药学上可接受的”是指该术语描述的药物、药品、惰性成分等,适合用于与人和动物的细胞或组织相接触,而没有异常毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、刺激性、过敏反应等,与合理的利益/风险比率相称。通常是指由联邦或州政府的管理机构批准或可批准,或者在美国药典或其它公认的药典中列出的用于动物,更尤其是用于人的化合物或组合物。
“药学上可接受上的载体”是指与化合物一起施用的稀释剂、佐剂、赋形剂、载体或载剂。术语“药学上可接受的载剂”和“药学上可接受的载体”在本文中可互换使用。
“药物组合物”是指包括如本文所述的化合物,以及取决于给药方式和剂型的要求的至少一种组分,该至少一种组分包括药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、佐剂、赋形剂或载剂,诸如防腐剂、填充剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、甜味剂、调味剂、芳香剂、抗菌剂、抗真菌剂、润滑剂和分散剂等。“预防”或“预防”用于表示至少降低获得疾病或病症(或易感性)获得疾病或障碍的可能性(即,使至少一种疾病的临床症状不发展为可能暴露于或易患疾病但尚未经历或显示疾病症状的患者)。
在一些实施方式中,“治疗”或“治疗”任何疾病或病症是指缓解了至少一种疾病或病症。在某些实施方式中,治疗”或“治疗”是指缓解至少一种身体参数,其可以是患者可以分辨的或不可分辨的。在某些实施方式中,“治疗”或“治疗”是指身体上(例如,可辨别的症状的稳定)或生理学上(例如,身体参数的稳定)或这两者上来抑制疾病或病症。在某些实施方式中,“治疗”或“治疗”是指在有需要的受试者中改善生活品质或疾病的副作用。“治疗有效量”是指施用至受试者用于治疗或预防疾病的化合物的量足以达到治疗或预防该疾病的效果。“治疗有效量”将依据化合物;疾病及其严重程度;待治疗或预防患有疾病的受试者的年龄、体重等而变化。如本文中所使用的,“治疗有效量”是指化合物或组合物足以预防、治疗、抑制、降低、缓解或消除疾病,诸如癌症的一种或多种病因、症状或并发症。
术语“受试者”是指包括哺乳动物和人的动物,尤其是指人。
术语“前药”或其等同表述是指在体外或体内直接或间接转化成活性形式的药剂(例如参见R.B.Silverman,1992,"The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and DrugAction,"Academic Press,Chap.8;Bundgaard,Hans;Editor.Neth.(1985),"Design ofProdrugs".360 pp.Elsevier,Amsterdam;Stella,V.;Borchardt,R.;Hageman,M.;Oliyai,R.;Maag,H.;Tilley,J.(Eds.)(2007),"Prodrugs:Challenges and Rewards,XVIII,1470p.Springer)。前药可用于改变具体药物的生物分布(例如,使药剂通常不会进入蛋白酶反应位点)或药代动力学。已经使用多种基团例如酯、醚、磷酸酯/盐等来修饰化合物以形成前药。当将前药施用至受试者时,该基团通过酶促或非酶促、还原、氧化或水解地裂解掉,或者以其它方式释放出活性化合物。如本文中所使用的,“前药”包括药学上可接受的盐,或药学上可接受的溶剂化物,以及上文的任何结晶形式。前药通常(尽管不一定)是药学上无活性的,直至其转化为活性形成。
术语“酯”是指可由式RCOOR'(羧酸酯)或式RSO3R'(磺酸酯)表示的化合物,通常可分别由羧酸或磺酸与醇之间反应(消除一分子水)来形成。其中,R和R'称之为成酯基团,R诸如为低级烷基或芳基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、异亚丙基、亚苯基等,但不限于此;R′诸如为低级烷基、环烷基或芳基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、苯基、萘基等,但不限于此。
表述“含有羧酸酯的烃基”用于表示片段中含有酯官能团-RCOOR′(R′一般为烷基等其他非H基团)的结构。其中,R诸如为低级烷基或芳基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、异亚丙基、亚苯基等,但不限于此;R′诸如为低级烷基、环烷基或芳基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、苯基、萘基等,但不限于此。
表述“含有碳酸酯的烃基”用于表示“-ROCOOR′”(R′一般为烷基等其他非H基团)的结构。其中,R诸如为低级烷基或芳基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、异亚丙基、亚苯基等,但不限于此;R′诸如为低级烷基、环烷基或芳基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、苯基、萘基等,但不限于此。
本发明所用术语“成盐部分”是指能够与酸性基团,如羧基形成盐的部分,例如但不限于钠、钾、四乙胺、四丁胺等。
术语“醚”可由通式ROR'(R′一般为烷基等其他非H基团)来表示,其中R和R'称之为“成醚基团”或“成醚部分”。其中,R诸如为低级烷基或芳基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、异亚丙基、亚苯基等,但不限于此;R′诸如为低级烷基或芳基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、苯基、萘基等,但不限于此。
术语“氨基酸”通常是指同时包含羧酸基团和氨基基团的有机化合物。术语“氨基酸”包括“天然”和“非天然”的氨基酸。另外,术语氨基酸包括O-烷基化的氨基酸或N-烷基化的氨基酸,以及具有含氮、硫或氧的侧链(例如Lys,Cys或Ser)的氨基酸,其中氮、硫或氧原子可以被或不被酰基化或烷基化。氨基酸可以是纯的L-异构体或D-异构体,或者是L-异构体和D-异构体的混合物,包括(但不限于)外消旋混合物。
术语“天然氨基酸”和等同表达是指通常在天然存在的蛋白质中发现的L-氨基酸。天然氨基酸的实例包括但不限于丙氨酸(Ala)、半胱氨酸(Cys)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、甘氨酸(Gly)、组氨酸(His)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、赖氨酸(Lys)、亮氨酸(Leu)、甲硫氨酸(Met)、天冬酰胺(Asn)、脯氨酸(Pro)、谷氨酰胺(Gln)、精氨酸(Arg)、丝氨酸(Ser)、苏氨酸(Thr)、缬氨酸(Val)、色氨酸(Trp)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、β-丙氨酸(β-Ala)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)。
术语“非天然氨基酸”是指天然氨基酸的任何衍生物,包括D-型氨基酸,以及α-和β-氨基酸衍生物。术语“非天然氨基酸”和“不是天然氨基酸”在本文中可互换使用。应注意的是,在本发明中可归类为非天然氨基酸的某些氨基酸(例如羟脯氨酸)也可存在于自然界中的某些生物组织或特定蛋白质中。具有许多不同保护基团、适于固相肽合成中直接应用的氨基酸是可以通过购买得到的。除了二十种最常见的天然氨基酸,根据本发明可使用如下示例性非天然氨基酸和氨基酸衍生物(括号中为常见的缩写):2-氨基己二酸(Aad)、3-氨基己二酸(β-Aad)、2-氨基丁酸(2-Abu)、α,β-脱氢-2-氨基丁酸(8-AU)、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACPC)、氨基异丁酸(Aib)、3-氨基异丁酸(β-Aib)、2-氨基-噻唑啉-4-羧酸、5-氨基戊酸(5-Ava)、6-氨基己酸(6-Ahx)、2-氨基庚酸(Ahe)、8-氨基辛酸(8-Aoc)、11-氨基十一烷酸(11-Aun)、12-氨基十二烷酸(12-Ado)、2-氨基苯甲酸(2-Abz)、3-氨基苯甲酸(3-Abz)、4-氨基苯甲酸(4-Abz)、4-氨基-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸(抑胃酶氨酸,Sta)、氨基氧基乙酸(Aoa)、2-氨基四氢化萘-2-羧酸(ATC)、4-氨基-5-环己基-3-羟基戊酸(ACHPA)、对氨基苯丙氨酸(4-NH2-Phe)、2-氨基庚二酸(Apm)、联苯基丙氨酸(Bip)、对溴苯丙氨酸(4-Br-Phe)、邻氯苯丙氨酸(2-Cl-Phe)、间氯苯丙氨酸(3-Cl-Phe)、对氯苯丙氨酸(4-Cl-Phe)、间-氯酪氨酸(3-Cl-Tyr)、对苯甲酰基苯丙氨酸(Bpa)、叔丁基甘氨酸(TLG)、环己基丙氨酸(Cha)、环己基甘氨酸(Chg)、锁链素(Des)、2,2-二氨基庚二酸(Dpm)、2,3-二氨基丙酸(Dpr)、2,4-二氨基丁酸(Dbu)、3,4-二氯苯丙氨酸(3,4-Cl-2-Phe)、3,4-二氟苯丙氨酸(3,4-F2-Phe)、3,5-二碘酪氨酸(3,5-I2-Tyr)、N-乙基甘氨酸(EtGly)、N-乙基天冬酰胺(EtAsn)、邻氟苯丙氨酸(2-F-Phe)、间氟苯丙氨酸(3-F-Phe)、对氟苯丙氨酸(4-F-Phe)、间-氟酪氨酸(3-F-Tyr)、高丝氨酸(Hse)、高苯丙氨酸(Hfe)、高酪氨酸(Htyr)、羟基赖氨酸(Hyl)、异羟基赖氨酸(aHyl)、5-羟色氨酸(5-OH-Trp)、3-或4-羟基脯氨酸(3-或4-Hyp)、对碘苯丙氨酸-异酪氨酸(4-I-Phe)、3-碘酪氨酸(3-I-Tyr)、二氢吲哚-2-羧酸(Idc)、异艾杜霉素(Ide)、异亮氨酸(α-Ile)、异哌啶酸(Inp)、N-甲基异亮氨酸(Melle)、N-甲基赖氨酸(MeLys)、间甲基酪氨酸(3-Me-Tyr)、N-甲基缬氨酸(MeVal)、1-萘基丙氨酸(1-Nal)、2-萘基丙氨酸(2-Nal)、对硝基苯丙氨酸(4-NO2-Phe)、3-硝基酪氨酸(3-NO2-Tyr)、正亮氨酸(Nle)、正缬氨酸(Nva)、鸟氨酸(Orn)、邻磷酸酪氨酸(H2PO3-Tyr)、八氢吲哚-2-羧酸(Oic)、青霉胺(Pen)、五氟苯丙氨酸(F5-Phe)、苯基甘氨酸(Phg)、哌啶酸(Pip)、炔丙基甘氨酸(Pra)、焦谷氨酸(PGLU)、肌氨酸(Sar)、四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸(Tic)、噻吩丙氨酸和噻唑烷-4-羧酸(硫代脯氨酸,Th)。
对于本文所提供的化合物,在一些实施方式中,还包括其盐,药学上可接受的盐。本领域技术人员将知晓多种可能的盐形式(例如,TFA盐、四唑盐、钠盐、钾盐等),也可基于本领域已知的考虑选择合适的盐。术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指由药学上可接受的没有毒性的酸或碱(包括无机酸和碱以及有机酸和碱)制备的盐。例如,对于含有碱性氮的化合物,其盐可以通过药学上可接受的没有毒性的酸(包括无机酸和有机酸)来制备。适用于本发明的药学上可接受的酸包括但不限于乙酸、苯磺酸(苯磺酸盐)、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙烯磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、粘酸、硝酸、扑酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸等。当化合物含有酸性侧链时,适用于本发明的药学上可接受的碱包括但不限于由铝、钙、锂、镁、钾、钠和锌制成的金属盐或由赖氨酸、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺、氯普鲁卡因、胆碱、二乙醇胺、乙二胺、葡甲胺(N-甲基葡萄糖胺)和普鲁卡因制成的有机盐。
在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了在有需要的受试者中提高阿西替尼的治疗效果的方法,所述方法包括:将有效量的式I、式II或式III的化合物或其药物组合物施用至受试者,从而与使用阿西替尼本身相比,提高阿西替尼的治疗效果。在一些实施例中,该化合物是阿西替尼的前药。
在一些实施方式中,与施用阿西替尼本身相比,通过施用本文提供的化合物(阿西替尼的前药)或其药物组合物改善了以下一种或多种:阿西替尼的生物利用度;阿西替尼在血液或血浆中的AUC;阿西替尼的Cmax;阿西替尼的Tmax;阿西替尼的t1/2;阿西替尼的治疗生物分布;阿西替尼在选定组织中的治疗水平;和/或阿西替尼在受试者中的生物吸收。在一些实施方式中,与施用阿西替尼本身相比,通过施用本文提供的化合物(阿西替尼的前药)或其药物组合物来降低以下一种或多种:阿西替尼在受试者中的代谢;和阿西替尼在受试者中的副作用。
在一些实施方式中,本发明提供了在受试者中获得阿西替尼目标药动学参数的方法,包括将有效量的本文所述的化合物(阿西替尼前药)或其药物组合物施用至受试者,从而在受试者中获得阿西替尼的目标药动学参数。目标药代动力学参数的非限制性示例包括目标生物利用度、血液或血浆中的AUC、Cmax、Tmax、生物分布、所选组织中的水平、半衰期(t1/2)、生物吸附以及代谢量或速率。药代动力学参数可使用本领域已知的方法计算。
组合物
在一实施方式中,提供了药物组合物,该药物组合物包括本发明的化合物,例如式I、式II、式III的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化物或多晶型,以及药学上可接受的载体。在另一实施方式中,提供了一种药物组合物,包括表1的化合物或其药物上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化物或多晶型,以及其药学上可接受的载体。在又一实施方式中,提供了包括式I、式II、式III化合物或表1的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
实施例
通过参考以下实施例将更容易理解本发明,所述实施例用于说明本发明,而不应被解释为以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
除非另有定义或上下文另有明确规定,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。应当理解,与本文所述类似或等同的任何方法和材料可用于本发明的实践或测试。
实施例1:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-戊氧基羰基-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物1)的制备
向反应瓶中加入正戊醇(500mg,5.67mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(10mL)和三乙胺(1.15g,11.3mmol,2.0eq.),将反应体系用冰水浴降温至0℃。向反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(1.25g溶于10mL四氢呋喃,6.2mmol,1.1eq.)。升温至室温,搅拌1小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。浓缩除去大部分溶剂,加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL),萃洗分层,有机层浓缩后经硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:10)进行纯化,得产物4-硝基苯基戊基碳酸酯(1.0g,69%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 0.92(t,J=6.0Hz,3H),1.39(t,J=8.2Hz,4H),1.63-1.84(m,2H),4.17-4.35(m,2H),7.37(dd,J=9.0,1.9Hz,2H),8.26(dd,J=9.0,1.9Hz,2H)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(100mg,0.259mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)和三乙胺(79mg,0.776mmol,3.0eq.),然后在搅拌下,加入4-硝基苯基戊基碳酸酯(100mg,0.259mmol,1.0eq.),室温再搅拌3小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层,有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),分出有机层,然后进行浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得化合物1(100mg,77%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 0.89(t,J=6.9Hz,3H),1.36(d,J=3.1Hz,4H),1.66-1.81(m,2H),2.75(d,J=4.6Hz,3H),4.43(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),7.20(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.37(dt,J=12.9,7.6Hz,4H),7.49-7.54(m,1H),7.74-7.82(m,2H),7.86(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.39(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.65(d,J=4.0Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 14.03,22.37,26.85,27.88,28.42,68.48,116.88,121.68,122.03,122.71,123.17,123.81,127.17,127.83,128.99,130.95,133.03,133.33,134.30,137.04,137.73,137.91,141.52,147.75,149.73,150.64,154.54,168.49;m/z(ESI+):501.0(M+H)。
实施例2:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-月桂酰基-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物2)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、月桂酸(126mg,0.621mmol,1.2eq.)、二异丙基乙胺(110mg,0.776mmol,1.5eq.)和HATU(236mg,0.621mmol,1.2eq.),并将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后向反应瓶中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得到化合物2(200mg,68%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 0.87(t,J=6.5Hz,3H),1.31(d,J=51.8Hz,14H),1.43(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.76-1.86(m,2H),2.94(d,J=4.5Hz,3H),3.20(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.39(s,1H),7.24(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=7.8Hz,4H),7.50(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.68(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),7.73(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.50(s,1H),8.66(d,J=4.1Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 14.26,22.82,24.73,26.90,29.39,29.48,29.52,29.64,29.77,32.04,35.23,117.98,121.43,123.00,123.33,124.21,125.75,127.94,129.12,131.02,133.18,133.35,137.50,137.76,138.05,140.89,146.97,149.40,154.30,168.57,174.15;m/z(ESI+):569.2(M+H)。
实施例3:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(N-叔丁氧基羰基-L-缬氨酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物3)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(150mg,0.388mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、Boc-L-缬氨酸羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯(134mg,0.426mmol,1.2eq.)和三乙胺(117mg,1.16mmol,3.0eq.),并将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后向反应瓶中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得到化合物3(150mg,66%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 0.95(dd,J=32.0,6.0Hz,6H),1.16-1.53(m,9H),2.34(s,1H),2.78(s,3H),5.43(s,1H),7.02(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.26-7.40(m,5H),7.44(s,1H),7.67-7.89(m,4H),8.05(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.38(s,1H),8.54(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CD3OD):δppm 17.92,20.07,26.75,28.73,32.15,59.56,80.66,118.51,122.66,123.19,124.23,124.67,125.09,128.81,129.25,131.83,134.05,134.73,135.29,138.77,140.03,140.19,141.93,148.83,150.47,155.65,158.25,171.51,173.97;m/z(ESI+):586.1(M+H)。
实施例4:N-甲基-2-((3-((1E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-叔丁氧基羰基-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物4)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(100mg,0.259mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、二碳酸二叔丁酯(63mg,0.285mmol,1.1eq.)和三乙胺(52mg,0.516mmol,2.0eq),并将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),将有机相进行浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得到化合物4(110mg,87%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 1.64(s,9H),2.84(s,3H),7.36-7.43(m,J=21.9,12.9Hz,5H),7.51(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),7.74(t,J=12.6Hz,2H),7.81-7.90(m,2H),8.08(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),8.59(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 26.64,26.78,28.09,85.57,116.85,121.50,122.14,122.73,123.11,123.75,126.74,127.71,128.92,130.88,133.00,133.35,133.54,137.17,137.60,137.73,141.18,147.02,148.86,149.44,154.48,168.50;m/z(ESI+):486.9(M+H).
实施例5:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((3,6,9-三氧杂癸烷-1-基)氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物5)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入三甘醇单甲醚(500mg,3.045mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(10mL)和三乙胺(616mg,6.09mmol,2.0eq.),并将反应体系用冰水浴降温至0℃。然后,向该反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(675mg溶于10mL四氢呋喃,3.350mmol,1.1eq.)。升温至室温,搅拌5小时。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。浓缩除去大部分溶剂,然后再加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL)。萃洗分层,分出有机相。然后对有机相进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:10)进行分离纯化,得到(1-(3,6,9-三氧杂)癸基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(1.1g,99%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 3.36(s,3H),3.51-3.58(m,2H),3.66(ddd,J=8.4,6.8,2.3Hz,6H),3.80(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.39-4.48(m,2H),7.37(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),8.26(d,J=9.0Hz,2H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(150mg,0.388mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)和三乙胺(79mg,0.776mmol,2.0eq.),然后在搅拌下,加入(1-(3,6,9-三氧杂)癸基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(121mg,0.427mmol,1.1eq.)。反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜,并以TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。之后,向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机相用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。然后对有机相进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得到化合物5(200mg,89%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 2.85(s,3H),3.26(s,3H),3.43(d,J=4.2Hz,2H),3.57(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),3.64(s,2H),3.69(s,2H),3.86(s,2H),4.63(s,2H),7.35-7.40(m,5H),7.52(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),7.67-7.77(m,2H),7.77-7.90(m,2H),8.06(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.58(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 26.78,59.00,66.79,68.71,70.55,70.66,71.88,117.27,121.63,121.89 122.82,123.86,127.47,128.70,130.83,132.45,133.79,134.14,137.14,137.51,137.77,141.37,147.87,149.53,150.36,154.32,168.57;m/z(ESI+):576.9(M+H)。
实施例6:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物6)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入三氟乙醇(500mg,4.98mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(10mL)和三乙胺(1.1g,9.96mmol,2.0eq.),将反应体系用冰水浴降温至0℃。向该反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基苯基氯甲酸酯的四氢呋喃溶液(1.1g溶于10mL四氢呋喃,5.48mmol,1.1eq.)。升温至室温后,反应过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。浓缩除去大部分溶剂,然后加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层并进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:30)进行分离纯化,得到产物4-硝基苯基(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯(1.1g,75%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 4.65(q,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.35-7.52(m,2H),8.22-8.36(m,1H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)和三乙胺(104.7mg,1.03mmol,2.0eq.)。然后在搅拌下,向前述混合物中加入4-硝基苯基(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯(164.6mg,0.621mmol,1.2eq.),并于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。然后对有机相进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物6(200mg,75%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 2.73(d,J=4.3Hz,3H),5.15(q,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.20(d,J=6.1Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=4.5Hz,3H),7.41(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),7.79(t,J=11.8Hz,2H),7.85(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),8.08(s,1H),8.32(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.38(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),8.64(d,J=4.5Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 25.98,62.40,116.08,120.73,122.02,122.46,123.20,123.52,124.23,127.22,127.85,127.96,130.37,131.57,133.19,134.91,137.00,138.32,138.45,140.97,148.02,148.48,149.71,153.68,167.65;m/z(ESI+):513.0(M+H)。
实施例7:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物7)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、N-(氯(苯氧基)次膦酰基-L-丙氨酸甲酯(172.4mg,0.621mmol,1.2eq.)和三乙胺(104.7mg,1.03mmol,2.0eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。分出有机层并进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物7(130mg,40%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm1.40(d,J=22.1Hz,3H),2.82(s,3H),3.49(d,J=65.4Hz,3H),4.29(s,1H),7.35-6.99(m,10H),7.45(s,1H),7.73(d,J=73.1Hz,4H),8.00(d,J=48.9Hz,2H),8.32(s,1H),8.53(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CD3OD):δppm 20.24,26.76,51.82,52.73,117.3,121.56,122.44,123.51,123.80,123.91,124.09,124.40,126.71,128.03,128.31,129.09,130.76,131.68,133.24,133.73,135.52,137.85,138.71,139.41,146.56,149.22,150.40,150.45,151.10,151.15,155.97,171.47,174.94;31P NMR(203MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm-1.82,-2.52;m/z(ESI+):628.1(M+H)。
实施例8:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-特戊酰基-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物8)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.04mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(35mL)和三乙胺(315.1mg,3.12mmol,2.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系置于在冰水浴,然后向其中滴加特戊酰氯(149.1mg,1.24mmol,1.2eq.),滴加完毕,撤去冰水浴,于室温下搅拌反应混合物过夜。TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。直接将反应混合物进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物8(400mg,81%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 1.58(s,9H),2.95(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),6.38(s,1H),7.23-7.26(m,1H),7.28-7.38(m,4H),7.52(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.60-7.72(m,2H),7.76(s,1H),7.93(dd,J=24.1,12.2Hz,2H),8.56(s,1H),8.67(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 26.85,27.97,42.16,119.02,121.13,122.74,122.99,123.20,123.42,127.75,127.88,129.10,130.94,133.00,133.36,133.69,137.17,137.67,142.23,146.12,149.70,154.54,168.57,178.39;m/z(ESI+):471.0(M+H)。
实施例9:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物10)的制备
向反应瓶中加入萘酚(720mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(20mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系置于-78℃冷却条件下,向上述体系中滴加三氯氧磷(765mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(504mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,然后缓慢升温至室温,搅拌过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到(1-萘氧基)磷酰二氯(1.2g,92%)。1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.47(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53-7.68(m,3H),7.82(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=7.9Hz,1H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入(1-萘氧基)磷酰二氯(1.1g,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和L-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(586mg,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向该反应体系中滴加三乙胺(848mg,8.4mmol,2.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,随后将反应温度缓慢升至温至室温,在室温下继续搅拌1小时。之后,直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行分离纯化,得到(1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(790mg,57%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 1.55(dd,J=11.6,7.2Hz,3H),3.78(d,J=25.2Hz,3H),4.31(s,1H),4.50(dd,J=34.5,11.2Hz,1H),7.43(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.57(dd,J=18.4,7.1Hz,3H),7.73(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),8.07(t,J=6.7Hz,1H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、(1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(186.5mg,0.569mmol,1.1eq.)和三乙胺(131.9mg,1.29mmol,2.5eq.),将反应混合物于室温下搅拌5小时。TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。然后向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。对有机相进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物10(126.1mg,34%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 1.28-1.38(d,3H),2.76(s,3H),3.35-3.50(s,3H),4.35(s,1H),6.90(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),7.23-7.43(m,7H),7.48(s,1H),7.60(dd,J=21.1,14.3Hz,3H),7.66-7.77(m,2H),7.87(dd,J=20.2,11.4Hz,3H),8.12-8.29(m,3H),8.42(s,1H),8.65(s,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 19.11,19.63,26.04,50.05,51.79,115.10,117.02,121.53,121.71,121.99,122.44,123.25,125.10,125.47,126.72,126.30,126.84,127.58,127.83,129.69,129.85,130.22,132.50,134.22,134.83,134.98,135.24,136.9,137.26,144.87,145.52,147.16,149.47,153.86,167.72,173.07;m/z(ESI+):678.2(M+H)。
实施例10:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((苯氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物11)的制备
向反应瓶中加入苯酚(470mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(20mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向体系中滴加三氯氧磷(765mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(504mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,然后缓慢升温至室温,反应过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到苯氧基磷酰二氯(900mg,85%)。
向反应瓶中加入苯氧基磷酰二氯(882mg,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和L-丙氨酸异丙酯盐酸盐(701.4mg,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将上述反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向该体系中滴加三乙胺(848mg,8.4mmol,2.0eq.)。将反应混合物于于-78℃下搅拌1小时,然后缓慢升温至室温,于室温下继续搅拌1小时。之后,直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行分离纯化,得到(苯氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(720mg,57%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、(苯氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(173.9mg,0.569mmol,1.1eq.)和三乙胺(131.9mg,1.29mmol,2.5eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。将有机相分出,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。分出有机相,并进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物11(128.7mg,38%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 0.97(ddd,J=29.3,28.5,5.8Hz,6H),1.30(dd,J=27.7,6.4Hz,3H),2.76(d,J=1.9Hz,3H),4.20(m,1H),4.69(m,1H),6.86-7.00(m,1H),7.00-7.21(m,4H),7.29(s,5H),7.41(s,1H),7.50(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),7.68-7.89(m,2H),7.97(dd,J=23.9,16.1Hz,2H),8.15(s,1H),8.25(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.43(s,1H),8.67(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 21.06,21.72,26.72,50.51,50.92,69.47,115.62,115.71,120.60,121.39,122.82,123.15,123.68,123.86,125.60,126.32,127.81,129.02,130.78,131.66,133.22,136.74,137.99,145.5,148.09,148.84,149.81,154.31,168.71,172.66;m/z(ESI+):656.1(M+H)。
实施例11:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物12)的制备
向反应瓶中加入萘酚(720mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(20mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向该体系中滴加三氯氧磷(765mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(504mg,4.99mmol,1.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,然后缓慢升温至室温,搅拌过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到(1-萘氧基)磷酰二氯(1.2g,92%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.47(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53-7.68(m,3H),7.82(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),8.10(d,J=7.9Hz,1H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入(1-萘氧基)磷酰二氯(1.1g,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和L-丙氨酸异丙酯盐酸盐(701.4mg,4.2mmol,1.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向该反应体系中滴加三乙胺(848mg,8.4mmol,2.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并于室温下继续搅拌1小时。直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行分离纯化,得到(1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(800mg,53%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 1.23-1.34(m,6H),1.54(t,J=8.4Hz,3H),2.05(s,1H),4.24(dt,J=17.3,8.8Hz,1H),4.48(dt,J=39.8,10.7Hz,1H),5.08(ddd,J=18.6,12.4,6.2Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.67-7.51(m,3H),7.73(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),8.08(t,J=8.4Hz,1H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(200mg,0.517mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、(1-萘氧基)((1S)-(1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(201.9mg,0.569mmol,1.1eq.)以及三乙胺(131.9mg,1.29mmol,2.5eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。分出有机相,并将其浓缩,所得残留物用柱层析法(硅胶柱;二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物12(112mg,30%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 0.96(ddd,J=48.9,35.2,6.2Hz,6H),1.31(dd,J=57.4,6.9Hz,3H),2.76(d,J=4.0Hz,3H),4.18-4.53(m,1H),4.71(dd,J=11.8,5.8Hz,1H),6.82-6.97(m,1H),7.18-7.42(m,7H),7.48(s,1H),7.64(dt,J=31.8,17.2Hz,5H),7.78-7.94(m,3H),8.13-8.23(m,2H),8.27(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.63(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm21.10,21.71,26.68,50.59,50.94,69.50,115.69,121.33,121.97,122.87,122.98,123.05,123.28,125.46,126.33,126.50,126.58,126.81,127.76,129.01,130.76,133.20,134.81,136.74,137.47,138.12,145.51,146.04,148.25,149.21,154.52,168.65,172.64;31P NMR(203MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm-1.77,-2.22;m/z(ESI+):706.2(M+H)。
实施例12:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(N-叔丁氧羰基-L-苯丙氨酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物13)的制备
在反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(300mg,0.778mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(4mL)、N-Boc-L-苯丙氨酸(247mg,0.934mmol,1.2eq.)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(151mg,1.16mmol,1.5eq.)和HATU(354mg,0.934mmol,1.2eq)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向上述混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。将有机层分出,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行分离纯化,得到化合物13(300mg,60%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 1.29(m,9H),2.83(d,J=18.4Hz,3H),2.19-3.09(m,1H),3.21(s,1H),5.76(s,1H),7.17(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.25(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.31(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.38(d,J=12.5Hz,5H),7.50(s,1H),7.77(d,J=16.1Hz,2H),7.86(d,J=16.5Hz,2H),8.08(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.61(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 26.69,26.96,28.26,39.12,49.38,54.41,79.96,117.37,121.37,123.18,123.24,126.95,127.88,128.43,128.99,129.37,130.83,133.08,133.34,134.33,136.12,137.04,138.33,140.87,147.99,149.68,154.18,155.19,168.36,171.81;m/z(ESI+):634.2(M+H)。
实施例13:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(N-叔丁氧基羰基-L-组氨酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物14)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(300mg,0.78mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(6mL)、和N(α)-(叔丁氧基羰基)-L-组氨酸(219mg,0.86mmol,1.1eq.)、DPPA(234mg,0.86mmol,1.1eq.)和TEA(95mg,0.94mmol,1.2eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。向上述反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机层分出后用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),然后浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)进行分离纯化,得到化合物14(195mg,40.1%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 1.30(d,J=65.8Hz,9H),2.76(s,3H),3.10(s,2H),5.58(s,1H),6.84(s,1H),7.64-7.03(m,8H),8.01-7.65(m,4H),8.35(dd,J=24.2,15.7Hz,3H),8.67(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 26.50,28.60,29.22,54.00,55.32,79.04,117.76,121.57,122.85,124.04,127.52,128.24,128.45,128.98,130.84,131.79,134.22,135.23,135.32,137.54,138.49,138.75,140.78,147.65,150.25,154.28,155.83,168.19,172.60;m/z(ESI+):624.4(M+H)。
实施例14:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((4-氟苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物15)的制备
向反应瓶中加入4-氟苯酚(4.3g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(20mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向上述体系中滴加三氯氧磷(6g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(3.92g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)。将反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌1小时,缓慢升温至室温,并在室温下搅拌过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到(4-氟苯氧基)磷酰二氯(8g,90%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入(4-氟苯氧基)磷酰二氯(8g,35.2mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和L-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(3.20g,27.1mmol,0.8eq.)。在氮气保护下,将上述混合物冷却至-78℃,然后向其中滴加三乙胺(7.84g,77.4mmol,2.4eq.)。将所得反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并在室温下继续搅拌1小时。之后,直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行纯化,得到(4-氟苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(3.0g,38%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(6mL)、(4-氟苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(678.5mg,2.30mmol,2.2eq.)和三乙胺(260.5mg,2.6mmol,2.5eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌5小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后向混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),然后浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:2)进行纯化,得到化合物15(205mg,31.7%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δ1.42(dd,J=16.2,6.7Hz,3H),2.84(s,3H),3.54(d,J=61.5Hz,3H),4.32(d,J=34.9Hz,1H),6.98(s,2H),7.15(d,J=23.4Hz,3H),7.28-7.43(m,4H),7.48(s,1H),7.2Hz,2H),7.72(dd,J=16.5,2H),7.83(d,J=16.3Hz,2H),8.00–8.04(m,2H),8.59(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CD3OD):δ18.81,25.33,50.86,115.80,121.03,121.91,122.39,122.57,123.05,126.66,127.02,127.74,130.29,132.22,134.00,136.70,137.37,138.23,145.23,145.67,148.00,149.03,154.63,159.05,160.98,170.14,173.33;31P NMR(203MHz,CD3OD):δ-2.22,-1.77;m/z(ESI-):644.1(M-H)。
实施例15:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((4-甲基苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物17)的制备
向反应瓶中加入对甲基苯酚(5g,46.2mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(200mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向体系中滴加三氯氧磷(7.1g,46.2mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(4.66g,46.2mmol,1.0eq.)。将反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并于室温下搅拌过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到(4-甲基苯氧基)磷酰二氯(9.0g,87%)。
向反应瓶中加入(4-甲基苯氧基)磷酰二氯(7.29g,32.37mmol,1.0eq.),二氯甲烷(150mL)和L-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(4.52g,32.37mmol,1.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将上述混合物冷却至-78℃,然后滴加三乙胺(6.54g,64.74mmol,2.0eq.)。将该反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并在室温下搅拌1小时。然后直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行分离纯化,得到(4-甲基苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(1.4g,30%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm1.51(d,J=4.7Hz,3H),2.32(s,3H),3.78(d,J=8.5Hz,3H),4.18(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),4.42(d,J=28.9Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=30.0Hz,4H)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(450mg,1.16mmol,1.0eq.),DMF(15mL)、(4-甲基苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(1.37g,4.66mmol,4.0eq.)和三乙胺(476mg,4.66mmol,4.0eq.)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌16小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后,向前述混合物中加入水(60mL)和乙酸乙酯(60mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次60mL)。将洗后的有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:5)进行分离纯化,得到化合物17(300mg,40%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 1.31(dd,J=20.8,6.8Hz,3H),2.76(d,J=4.0Hz,3H),3.43(d,J=56.9Hz,3H),4.25(s,1H),7.14-6.91(m,6H),7.32(d,J=23.1Hz,4H),7.49(s,1H),7.72(dd,J=20.0,10.5Hz,2H),8.00-7.82(m,2H),8.12(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.64(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 19.34,20.10,25.98,50.02,51.66,116.88,119.91,121.69,121.96,122.33,123.11,126.25,127.32,127.80,129.74,129.91,130.01,130.15,132.71,134.46,134.82,135.11,136.94,137.07,144.82,147.05,147.31,149.64,154.06,167.66,173.03;31P NMR(203MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm-1.78,-2.54;m/z(ESI+):642.1(M+H)。
实施例16:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((4-氯苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物19)的制备
向反应瓶中加入4-氯苯酚(4.2g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)和乙醚(20mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,随后向其中滴加三氯氧磷(6g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(3.92g,38.7mmol,1.0eq.)。将该反应混合物于-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并在室温下搅拌过夜。过滤除去不溶物,并浓缩滤液,得到(4-氯苯氧基)磷酰二氯(8g,85%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入(4-氯苯氧基)磷酰二氯(8g,32.9mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和L-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(3.20g,27.1mmol,0.8eq.)。在氮气保护下,将混合物冷却至-78℃,然后向其中滴加三乙胺(7.84g,77.4mmol,2.4eq.)。将所得反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌1小时,之后缓慢升温至室温,并于室温下继续搅拌1小时。然后,直接浓缩反应混合物,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50)进行纯化,得到(4-氯苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(3.0g,42%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.),DMF(6mL)、(4-氯苯氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(702.5mg,2.30mmol,2.2eq.)以及三乙胺(260.5mg,2.6mmol,2.5eq.)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌5小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。然后向反应混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机相,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),然后浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:2)进行分离纯化,得到化合物19(210mg,30.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ1.43(s,3H),2.84(s,3H),3.53(d,J=60.8Hz,3H),4.31(d,J=32.5Hz,1H),7.22(dd,J=60.7,41.0Hz,9H),7.48(s,1H),7.84(s,2H),8.04(s,2H),7.71(s,2H),8.30(s,1H),8.57(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CD3OD)δ25.32,50.24,115.73,121.84,122.58,123.08,126.63,127.08,127.76,129.35,130.32,130.69,132.10,132.47,133.91,136.85,137.42,138.33,148.39,149.02,154.63,170.16;31P NMR(203MHz,CD3OD)δ-1.47,-0.88;m/z(ESI-):660.1(M-H)。
实施例17:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物22)的制备
向反应瓶中加入乙醇(0.5g,11.0mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(50mL)、三乙胺(2.4g,23.9mmol,2.2eq.),将反应体系在冰水浴中冷却至0℃。然后,逐滴加入硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(4.3g溶于30mL四氢呋喃,21.7mmol,2.0eq.),随后使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下搅拌4小时,TLC跟踪反应,直到原料消耗完毕。浓缩除去大部分溶剂,向残留物中加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL),萃洗分层。将有机层浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0-95:5)分离纯化,得到乙基(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(1.5g,65.2%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)、三乙胺(312.1mg,3.09mmol,3.0eq.)。搅拌条件下,加入乙基(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(282.7mg,1.34mmol,1.3eq.),然后反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜,TLC跟踪反应直到原料消耗完毕。向上述反应混合物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(90mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次70mL)。浓缩所得有机层,残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得化合物22(350mg,74.3%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 1.36(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),2.75(d,J=4.7Hz,3H),4.48(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.32–7.43(m,4H),7.52(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.79(dd,J=12.0,8.2Hz,2H),7.87(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.31(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.40(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.66(d,J=4.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 14.06,26.03,63.95,116.34,121.03,122.20,122.97,123.45,126.98,127.28,127.96,130.40,131.59,133.38,134.18,137.02,137.70,138.47,140.90,146.90,149.76,153.84,167.72;m/z(ESI+):459.2(M+H)。
实施例18:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(正十二烷氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物25)的制备
向反应瓶中加入月桂醇(3g,16.1mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(50mL)、三乙胺(4.88g,48.3mmol,3.0eq.)。将反应体系用冰水浴冷却至0℃。然后向反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(3.89g溶于30mL四氢呋喃,19.32mmol,1.2eq.)。滴加完毕后,将反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下搅拌反应混合物4小时。TLC跟踪检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。将上述混合物浓缩,除去大部分溶剂。然后加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并进行浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至95:5)分离纯化,得到十二烷基(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(4.1g,71.8%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)、三乙胺(312.1mg,3.09mmol,3.0eq.)。在搅拌条件下,加入十二烷基(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(472mg,1.34mmol,1.3eq.),将反应混合物于室温下搅拌3小时,TLC检测反应直到原料消耗完毕。向前述混合物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(90mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次70mL),然后浓缩有机层。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到化合物25(512mg,82.3%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.87(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.26(s,14H),1.34(d,J=14.4Hz,2H),1.39-1.50(m,2H),1.78-1.93(m,2H),2.95(d,J=4.9Hz,3H),4.50(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),6.38(s,1H),7.19-7.25(m,1H),7.29-7.38(m,4H),7.49(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.62-7.68(m,1H),7.68-7.75(m,2H),7.87(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.23(s,1H),8.65(d,J=4.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δppm14.15,22.70,25.71,26.78,28.66,29.25,29.36,29.52,29.59,29.65,31.92,68.42,116.89,121.56,121.70,122.62,123.74,127.14,127.68,128.86,130.84,132.84,133.41,134.49,136.75,137.64,137.82,141.44,147.70,149.87,150.57,154.56,168.47;m/z(ESI+):599.4(M+H)。
实施例19:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(P(S)-(苯氧基((1S)-1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物39)的制备
向反应瓶中加入苯氧基(((1S)-1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(8.7g,28.4mmol,1.0eq.)和DCM(100mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至0℃,然后向反应体系中依次滴加TEA(2.9g,31.2mmol,1.1eq.)和五氟苯酚(5.2g,28.4mmol,1.0eq.)的DCM(20mL)溶液。将反应混合物在0℃下搅拌4小时。旋干反应液,然后加入甲叔醚(100mL),过滤除去不溶物。旋干滤液,向得到的固体残留物中加入20%乙酸乙酯的正己烷溶液(50mL,v/v),搅拌过夜。然后过滤收集白色固体,得到N-(P(S)-(苯氧基)(五氟苯氧基)次磷酰基)-L-丙氨酸异丙酯(5.8g,45.1%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(500mg,1.3mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(13mL)、和N-(P(S)-(苯氧基)(五氟苯氧基)次磷酰基)-L-丙氨酸异丙酯(704mg,1.6mmol,1.2eq.)。将上述混合物冷却至-50℃,然后滴入DBU(208mg,1.4mmol,1.1eq.),并将反应混合物在-50℃下搅拌1小时。然后加入4mL 0.5M-HCl,淬灭反应。加入乙酸乙酯(30mL)萃洗分层,将有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)。浓缩有机相,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:2)进行纯化,得到化合物39(280mg,32.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 1.02(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.09(d,J=6.3Hz,3H),1.31(d,J=7.2Hz,3H),2.79(d,J=4.6Hz,3H),4.24(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.66–4.84(m,1H),6.94–7.00(m,1H),7.06(dd,J=13.8,10.3Hz,1H),7.15–7.24(m,3H),7.28–7.41(m,6H),7.49-7.55(m,1H),7.68-7.77(m,2H),7.97-7.85(m,2H),8.16(s,1H),8.27(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.42(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),8.66(d,J=4.1Hz,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 20.25,21.71,26.56,50.74,68.46,117.54,120.78,122.36,122.63,122.88,123.65,123.73,125.84,126.70,128.04,128.33,130.26,130.76,133.20,135.28,135.88,137.28,137.47,145.19,145.28,147.56,147.65,150.12,154.54,168.22,172.64;31P NMR(203MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm-2.69;m/z(ESI+):656.2(M+H)。
实施例20:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(β-L-天冬氨酰)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺二(三氟乙酸盐)(化合物40)的制备
于反应瓶使阿西替尼(500mg,1.3mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(10mL)、N-叔丁氧羰基-L-天冬氨酸1-叔丁酯(413mg,1.4mmol,1.1eq.)和TEA(328mg,3.3mmol,2.5eq.)混合,然后滴入DPPA(716mg,2.6mmol,2eq.)。室温下搅拌反应混合物4h,TLC检测表明阿西替尼消耗完毕。然后,向该反应混合物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(200mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次50mL),然后浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)进行分离纯化,得到N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(N-叔丁氧羰基-4-O-叔丁氧基-β-L-天冬氨酰)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(800mg,93.6%)。
向反应瓶中加入N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(N-叔丁氧羰基-4-O-叔丁氧基-β-L-天冬氨酰)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(800mg,1.2mmol,1.0eq.)和DCM(20mL),然后向其中滴加TFA(10mL)。室温下搅拌反应化合物2.5小时,浓缩得到粗品,然后加入5%的甲醇在乙酸乙酯中的溶液(10mL,v/v),搅拌后过滤,收集固体,得到化合物40(380mg,52.0%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 2.78(s,3H),3.81(s,1H),3.92(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),4.52(s,1H),7.24(s,1H),7.41(s,3H),7.53(d,J=17.2Hz,2H),7.91(dd,J=40.1,22.8Hz,4H),8.33(s,1H),8.41(s,4H),8.70(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm26.33,39.63,48.56,117.38,121.42,123.01,124.04,124.20,127.73,128.51,128.51,130.93,132.01,133.90,135.29,137.80,138.88,139.08,140.61,147.98,150.10,153.99,158.72,168.18,169.82,170.36;m/z(ESI+):502.0(M+H)。
实施例21:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(P(S)-((1-萘氧基)((1S)-1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物41)的制备
向反应瓶中加入(1-萘氧基)(((1S)-1-异丙氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(8.4g,17.7mmol,1.0eq.)和DCM(100mL)。在氮气保护下将体系冷却至0℃。在0℃下滴加TEA(2.0g,19.5mmol,1.1eq.),然后加入五氟苯酚(3.2g,17.7mmol,1.0eq.)的DCM(20mL)溶液。将反应混合物于0℃下搅拌4小时后,直接旋干。向残留物中加入甲叔醚(100mL)以使之溶解,过滤。将滤液旋干,得到固体。向该固体中加入乙酸乙酯-正己烷溶液(20:80;50mL),搅拌过夜。过滤收集白色固体,干燥后得到N-(P(S)-(1-萘氧基)(五氟苯氧基)次磷酰基)-L-丙氨酸甲酯(6.0g,71.3%)。
于反应瓶中使阿西替尼(500mg,1.3mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(13mL)和N-(P(S)-(1-萘氧基)(五氟苯氧基)次磷酰基)-L-丙氨酸甲酯(741mg,1.6mmol,1.2eq.)混合并冷却至-50℃,在此温度下滴入DBU(208mg,1.4mmol,1.1eq.),反应混合物于-50℃下搅拌1小时。然后,向其中加入4mL 0.5M HCl淬灭反应,再加入乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层后,用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL),然后浓缩。所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:2)进行分离纯化,得到化合物41(201mg,22.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 1.28(d,J=7.2Hz,3H),2.76(d,J=4.6Hz,3H),3.50(s,3H),4.27–4.40(m,1H),6.90(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.23–7.41(m,7H),7.49(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),7.53–7.66(m,3H),7.70(dd,J=17.7,7.3Hz,2H),7.84(dd,J=15.7,7.7Hz,2H),7.91(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.13(s,1H),8.19(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.41(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.57–8.72(m,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 20.16,26.55,50.63,52.33,115.69,117.47,121.78,122.00,122.55,123.01,123.70,125.62,130.22,130.77,133.22,134.69,135.82,137.27,137.51,145.32,145.91,145.96,147.60,147.69,150.20,154.46,168.21,173.69;31P NMR(203MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm-2.12;m/z(ESI+):678.3(M+H)。
实施例22:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(烟酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物42)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(300mg,0.778mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(5mL)、烟酸(116mg,0.945mmol,1.2eq.)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(151mg,1.16mmol,1.5eq.)以及HATU(354mg,0.934mmol,1.2eq)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。TLC显示原料阿西替尼消耗完毕。向该混合物中加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(30mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次30mL)后,浓缩。残留物经柱层析法(硅胶;二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)进行纯化,得到化合物42(240mg,63%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δppm 2.86(s,3H),7.32(s,1H),7.41(s,4H),7.51(s,1H),7.62(d,J=26.9Hz,3H),7.77(d,J=46.4Hz,2H),8.03(s,1H),8.41–8.58(m,3H),8.73(s,1H),9.19(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 26.69,117.73,121.35,123.19,123.98,128.09,128.87,129.11,130.78,132.80,133.37,134.68,136.74,138.25,138.71,138.94,141.63,148.31,149.81,151.94,152.45,154.17,165.87,168.51;m/z(ESI+):492.1(M+H)。
实施例23:N-甲基-N-乙酰基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(乙酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物43)的制备
向反应瓶中加入对硝基苯酚(9.7g,63.86mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(50mL)和三乙胺(12.9g,127.6mmol,2.0eq.),于氮气保护下将反应瓶置于冰水浴中冷却,缓慢滴入乙酰氯(5g,70.24mmol,1.1eq.)。滴加完毕后,移除冰水浴,将反应混合物于室温下搅拌3小时。TLC显示,原料对硝基苯酚消耗已尽。直接浓缩反应液。所得残留物经柱层析法(硅胶;石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至90:10)进行纯化,得到4-硝基苯基乙酸酯(10g,86.4%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(1g,2.59mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(50mL)、和三乙胺(784.7mg,7.77mmol,3.0eq.),将反应混合物在氮气保护下置于冰水浴中冷却,并缓慢滴入乙酰氯(405mg,5.18mmol,2.0eq.)。之后,移除冰水浴,于室温下搅拌反应化合物16小时。TLC显示阿西替尼消耗完毕。然后加入水(60mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水(60mL)洗一次后,浓缩。浓缩,所得残留物经柱层析(硅胶;二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(乙酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(1.1g,99%)。
将N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(乙酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(1.1g,2.58mmol,1.0eq.)和四氢呋喃(35mL)置于反应瓶中,并于氮气保护下用冰水浴冷却,然后滴加双三甲基硅基胺基锂(LiHMDS,1.0M,7.74mL,7.74mmol,3.0eq.)。将反应混合物在冰水浴冷却下搅拌30分钟后,滴加4-硝基苯基乙酸酯溶液(1.4g溶于10mL四氢呋喃,7.74mmol,3.0eq.)。然后于冰水浴中再搅拌两小时,随后于室温下搅拌1小时。向反应体系中加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(70mL)后,萃洗分层。将有机层浓缩后,所得残留物经柱层析法(硅胶;石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至60:40)进行分离纯化,得化合物43(200mg,16.4%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm 2.41(s,3H),2.78(s,3H),3.11(s,3H),7.27-7.30(m,1H),7.32(dd,J=8.4,1.5Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=2.7Hz,4H),7.53(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),7.78(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.45(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),8.67(d,J=4.9Hz,1H);13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3):δppm 22.98,26.46,33.11,117.35,121.20,121.67,122.78,124.08,127.07,127.53,128.36,130.90,131.70,133.59,133.91,136.91,136.81,137.23,139.14,140.44,147.00,149.69,154.20,170.92,171.71,173.16;m/z(ESI+):471(M+H)。
实施例24:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((2-甲氧基-1-乙基)氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物44)的制备
向反应瓶中加入乙二醇单甲醚(4g,52.56mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(50mL)、三乙胺(10.62g,105.12mmol,2.0eq.),将反应体系于冰水浴中冷却至0℃。随后,向反应体系逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(13.7g溶于50mL四氢呋喃,68.34mmol,1.3eq.),然后将反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续搅拌4小时。将反应混合物浓缩,除去大部分溶剂,然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),萃洗分层。浓缩有机层,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至90:10)分离纯化,得到(2-甲氧基乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(7.2g,56.8%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(450mg,1.16mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)、和三乙胺(351.48mg,3.48mmol,3.0eq.)。在搅拌条件下加入(2-甲氧基乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(337.1mg,1.39mmol,1.2eq.),室温下搅拌反应混合物3小时。然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(120mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次70mL),分出有机层。浓缩有机层,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到化合物44(452mg,79.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δppm 2.94(d,J=4.9Hz,3H),3.43(s,3H),3.72-3.85(m,2H),4.59-4.69(m,2H),6.39(s,1H),7.23(dd,J=7.0,5.2Hz,1H),7.31-7.38(m,4H),7.49(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.61-7.68(m,1H),7.73(dd,J=14.9,5.9Hz,2H),7.87(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.65(d,J=4.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δppm 26.77,59.02,66.56,70.01,116.94,121.52,122.70,123.10,123.77,127.25,127.62,128.69,130.82,132.82,133.47,134.58,136.78,137.76,138.00,141.40,147.93,149.86,150.40,154.48,168.57;m/z(ESI+):489.1(M+H)。
实施例25:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物45)的制备
向反应瓶中加入二乙二醇单甲醚(6.3g,52.56mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(50mL)和三乙胺(10.62g,105.12mmol,2.0eq.),将反应体系于冰水浴中冷却至0℃。然后向反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(13.7g溶于50mL四氢呋喃,68.34mmol,1.3eq.)。使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续搅拌4小时。将反应混合物浓缩,除去大部分溶剂,然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层并进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至90:10)分离提纯,得到(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(8.0g,53.7%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(450mg,1.16mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)和三乙胺(351.48mg,3.48mmol,3.0eq.)。在搅拌条件下,向反应体系中加入(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(396.2mg,1.39mmol,1.2eq.),于室温下搅拌反应混合物3小时。然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(120mL),萃洗分层。有机层用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次70mL),分出有机层。将有机层浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到化合物45(500mg,80.6%)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 2.76(d,J=4.6Hz,3H),3.21(s,3H),3.46(dd,J=5.6,3.9Hz,2H),3.60(dd,J=5.6,3.9Hz,2H),3.74–3.83(m,2H),4.52–4.61(m,2H),7.13–7.19(m,1H),7.32–7.43(m,4H),7.53(dd,J=7.2,1.9Hz,1H),7.79(t,J=12.1Hz,2H),7.87(td,J=7.7,1.7Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.36(dd,J=37.4,6.6Hz,2H),8.66(d,J=4.6Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm26.78,59.06,66.76,68.74,70.60,71.91,117.20,121.56,122.75,123.12,123.87,127.50,128.74,130.83,132.59,133.67,134.59,136.80,137.59,137.78,141.39,147.95,149.88,150.39,154.51,168.55;m/z(ESI+):533.2(M+H)。
实施例26:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2,5,8,11,14-五氧杂十五烷酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物46)的制备
向反应瓶中加入四乙二醇单甲醚(4g,19.2mmol,1.0eq.)、四氢呋喃(50mL)和三乙胺(5.8g,57.69mmol,3.0eq.),并将反应体系于冰水浴中冷却至0℃,然后向反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(3.87g溶于20mL四氢呋喃,19.23mmol,1.0eq.)。滴加完成后,将反应体系升温至室温,并于室温下继续搅拌4小时。将反应混合物浓缩,除去大部分溶剂,然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层并进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=80:20至50:50)分离纯化,得到(4-硝基苯基)(3,6,9,12-四氧杂十三烷-1-基)碳酸酯(5.3g,73.9%)。
向反应瓶中加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)和三乙胺(313.6mg,3.1mmol,3.0eq.),然后在搅拌条件下加入(4-硝基苯基)(3,6,9,12-四氧杂十三烷-1-基)碳酸酯(462.9mg,1.24mmol,1.2eq.)。反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。然后加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(120mL),萃洗分层。将有机层分出,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次70mL),分出有机层。对有机层进行浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得化合物46(456mg,71.32%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δppm 2.95(d,J=4.9Hz,3H),3.37(d,J=16.9Hz,3H),3.53(dt,J=6.2,4.6Hz,2H),3.59-3.62(m,4H),3.62-3.67(m,4H),3.68-3.75(m,2H),3.84-3.92(m,2H),4.61-4.68(m,2H),6.51(s,1H),7.23(dd,J=7.0,5.2Hz,1H),7.28-7.39(m,4H),7.49(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.60-7.67(m,1H),7.69-7.79(m,2H),7.87(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.24(s,1H),8.65(d,J=4.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δppm 26.74,58.95,66.76,68.68,70.41,70.50,70.55,70.60,71.84,117.23,121.49,121.56,122.74,123.12,123.82,127.42,127.54,128.66,130.77,132.39,133.82,134.55,136.80,137.49,137.78,141.34,147.91,149.83,150.33,154.44,168.57;m/z(ESI+):621.3(M+H)。
实施例27:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2-(2-羟基乙氧基)乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺盐酸盐(化合物49)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入二乙二醇(3.5g,33.0mmol,5.0eq.)、DCM(10mL)、DMAP(0.16g,1.3mmol,0.2eq.)、TEA(0.67g,6.6mmol,1.0eq.)和DCM(10mL)。将反应体系冷却至0℃,然后滴加TBSCl(1.0g,6.6mmol,1.0eq.)的DCM(2.5mL)溶液。随后使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续反应3小时。然后,将反应混合物用饱和氯化铵溶液和食盐水分别洗一次(各30mL),分出有机层并进行浓缩,得到2-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)乙氧基)乙醇(1.3g,89.4%)。
向反应瓶中加入2-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)乙氧基)乙醇(1.3g,5.9mmol,1.0eq.),DCM(15mL)和TEA(0.66g,6.5mmol,1.1eq.),并将反应体系冷却至0℃,然后滴加4-硝基苯基氯甲酸酯(1.1g,5.3mmol,0.9eq.)的DCM(6mL)溶液。随后使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续反应3小时。然后直接将反应混合物拌入硅胶,并用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:20)纯化,得到(2-(2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙氧基)乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(1.6g,78.3%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(835mg,2.2mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(21mL)、TEA(556mg,5.5mmol,2.5eq.)和(2-(2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙氧基)乙基)(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(1.0g,2.6mmol,1.2eq.)的DMF(5mL)溶液,将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。然后向反应瓶中加入水(60mL)和乙酸乙酯(90mL),萃洗分层。分出有机相,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次50mL)。有机相溶液浓缩后,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到化合物N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2-(2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(1.7g,81.0%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入上述苯甲酰胺衍生物(1.0g,1.6mmol,1.0eq.)和1%的盐酸乙醇溶液(60mL),将反应混合物在室温下搅拌2h,然后浓缩,得到化合物49(780mg,87.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,D2O):δppm 2.71(s,3H),3.56-3.65(m,2H),3.65-3.73(m,2H),3.80(s,2H),4.46(s,2H),6.90(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=11.3Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.42(dq,J=18.9,7.6Hz,5H),7.89(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),8.17(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.45(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.60(d,J=5.8Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,D2O):δppm 26.24,60.34,67.51,67.79,71.82,114.51,120.76,121.52,123.10,124.11,126.28,126.76,127.79,128.27,130.94,131.41,132.70,137.40,139.10,139.51,141.11,144.71,146.69,147.49,149.14,170.21;m/z(ESI+):519.2(M+H)。
实施例28:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2-(2-(2-羟基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺盐酸盐(化合物50)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入三甘醇(5.0g,33.0mmol,5.0eq.),DCM(10mL),DMAP(0.16g,1.3mmol,0.2eq.),TEA(0.67g,6.6mmol,1.0eq.)和DCM(10mL),将反应体系冷却至0℃,然后滴加TBSCl(1.0g,6.6mmol,1.0eq.)的DCM(2.5mL)溶液。随后使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续反应4小时。然后,将反应混合物用饱和氯化铵溶液和饱和食盐水分别洗一次(各30mL)。分出有机层并进行浓缩,得到产物3,6,9-三氧杂-10-硅杂-10,10,11,11-四甲基十二烷-1-醇(1.4g,80.2%)。
向反应瓶中加入3,6,9-三氧杂-10-硅杂-10,10,11,11-四甲基十二烷-1-醇(1.4g,5.3mmol,1.0eq.),DCM(15mL)和TEA(0.64g,6.4mmol,1.2eq.),将反应体系冷却至0℃,然后滴加4-硝基苯基氯甲酸酯(1.2g,5.8mmol,1.1eq.)的DCM(6mL)溶液。将反应温度升至室温,使反应在室温下继续进行3小时。然后将反应混合物直接拌入硅胶,再用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:20)分离纯化,得到(4-硝基苯基)(3,6,9-三氧杂-10-硅杂-10,10,11,11-四甲基十二烷-1-基)碳酸酯(1.6g,70.3%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(1.2g,3.1mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(30mL)、TEA(783mg,7.75mmol,2.5eq.)和前述碳酸酯(1.6g,3.7mmol,1.2eq.)的DMF(6mL)溶液,将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。然后向反应瓶中加入水(60mL)和乙酸乙酯(90mL),萃洗分层。将有机相层分出并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次50mL)。有机相溶液浓缩后,残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到化合物N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((3,6,9-三氧杂-10-硅杂-10,10,11,11-四甲基十二烷-1-基)氧基羰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(1.7g,81.0%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入前述苯甲酰胺衍生物(677mg,1.0mmol,1.0eq.)和1%的盐酸乙醇溶液(50mL)。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌反应2h,然后浓缩至干,得到化合物50(478mg,79.8%)。1H NMR(500MHz,D2O):δppm 2.73(s,3H),3.50(s,2H),3.59(d,J=11.1Hz,6H),3.74(s,2H),4.36(s,2H),6.77(s,1H),7.01(d,J=15.6Hz,2H),7.13-7.34(m,5H),7.41(s,1H),7.76(s,1H),7.99(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.47(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,D2O):δppm 26.24,60.34,67.39,67.96,69.44,69.84,71.75,114.85,120.83,121.70,124.06,126.06,126.96,127.17,128.31,131.01,131.71,132.54,137.27,138.90,139.58,141.83,144.99,145.92,148.01,149.22,170.30;m/z(ESI+):563.2(M+H)。
实施例29:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(13-羟基-2,5,8,11-四氧杂十三烷酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺盐酸盐(化合物51)的制备
向反应瓶中依次加入四甘醇(8g,41.18mmol,5.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(25mL)、DMAP(201mg,8.24mmol,0.2eq.)和三乙胺(833.1mg,8.24mmol,1.0eq.),并将该混合物于冰水浴中冷却至0℃。然后,向反应体系中逐滴加入TBSCl的二氯甲烷溶液(1.24g溶于5mL二氯甲烷,8.24mmol,1.0eq.)。使反应体系升温至室温,搅拌5小时。有机层用饱和氯化铵水溶液洗2次(各30mL),分出有机相。将有机相浓缩,得到3,6,9,12-四氧杂-13-硅杂-13,13,14,14-四甲基十五-1-醇(2.1g,82.6%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入3,6,9,12-四氧杂-13-硅杂-13,13,14,14-四甲基十五烷-1-醇(2.1g,6.8mmol,1.0eq.)、二氯甲烷(30mL)和三乙胺(826.6mg,8.16mmol,1.2eq.),并使反应体系于冰水浴中冷却至0℃。然后,向反应体系中逐滴加入对硝基氯甲酸苯酯的四氢呋喃溶液(1.4g溶于10mL二氯甲烷,6.8mmol,1.0eq.)。使反应体系升温至室温,并在室温下继续搅拌反应混合物5小时。将反应混合物浓缩,除去大部分溶剂,然后再加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(40mL)。萃洗分层,分出有机相。将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至100:10)分离纯化,得到(4-硝基苯基)(3,6,9,12-四氧杂-13-硅杂-13,13,14,14-四甲基十五烷-1-基)碳酸酯(1.6g,49.7%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(550mg,1.42mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(10mL)和三乙胺(368mg,3.63mmol,2.5eq.),然后在搅拌下加入前述碳酸酯(800mg,1.75mmol,1.2eq.)。室温下搅拌反应混合物过夜,并以TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。之后,向反应混合物中加入水(40mL)和乙酸乙酯(60mL),萃洗分层。将有机相用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次40mL)。将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至100:3)分离纯化,得到N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-(2,5,8,11,14-五氧杂-15-硅杂-15,15,16,16-四甲基十七烷酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(850mg,83.1%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入上述苯甲酰胺衍生物(850mg,1.18mmol)和1%的盐酸乙醇溶液(1mL浓盐酸溶于99mL乙醇,70mL),并在室温下搅拌所得混合物3小时,以TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。直接浓缩后,得到化合物51(723mg,95.3%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δppm:2.86(s,3H),3.44-3.51(m,2H),3.51-3.57(m,2H),3.57-3.64(m,4H),3.64-3.75(m,4H),3.87(s,2H),4.64(s,2H),7.34(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.43(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),7.55(dd,J=5.7,3.3Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=16.7Hz,1H),7.99(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),8.07-8.22(m,3H),8.55(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.63(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),8.80(d,J=4.7Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,D2O)δppm:26.06,60.00,67.07,67.59,68.99,69.18,69.28,69.37,71.25,114.57,120.68,121.34,122.79,123.95,125.99,126.65,127.99,130.73,131.37,132.19,136.71,138.50,139.24,140.69,144.52,146.47,147.16,148.87,169.84;m/z(ESI+):607.3(M+H)。
实施例30:N-甲基-2-((3-((E)-2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基)-1-((4-咔唑氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)硫基)苯甲酰胺(化合物67)的制备
向反应瓶中加入4-羟基咔唑(5g,27.29mmol,1.0eq.)和二氯甲烷(200mL)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系置于-78℃冷却条件下,向上述溶液中滴加三氯氧磷(4.2g,27.29mmol,1.0eq.)和三乙胺(2.76g,27.29mmol,1.0eq.)。反应混合物于-78℃搅拌1小时,然后缓慢升温至室温,搅拌过夜。反应液直接用于下一步反应。
向上一步反应瓶中加入L-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(3.81g,27.29mmol,1.0eq.)。在氮气保护下,将反应体系冷却至-78℃,然后向混合物中滴加三乙胺(5.51g,54.58mmol,2.0eq.)。将反应混合物于-78℃搅拌1小时,随后将反应温度缓慢升高至室温,在室温下继续搅拌1小时。将反应混合物直接浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱分离纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:0至50:50),得到(4-咔唑氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(4.1g,40.9%)。
向反应瓶中依次加入阿西替尼(400mg,1.03mmol,1.0eq.)、DMF(12mL)、(4-咔唑氧基)((1S)-(1-甲氧基羰基乙基)氨基)次膦酰氯(1.89g,5.18mmol,5.0eq.)和三乙胺(0.63g,6.18mmol,6.0eq.),将反应混合物于室温下搅拌5小时。TLC检测反应,直到原料消耗完毕。然后向反应混合物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(70mL),萃洗分层。分出有机层,并用饱和食盐水洗三次(每次50mL)。将有机相浓缩,所得残留物用硅胶柱(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:0至97:3)分离纯化,得到化合物67(330mg,44.7%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.31(dd,J=87.4,7.0Hz,3H),2.81(d,J=4.9Hz,3H),3.54(d,J=75.1Hz,3H),4.20-4.59(m,2H),6.39(s,1H),7.07-7.25(m,9H),7.37(dd,J=21.4,7.9Hz,3H),7.49-7.62(m,2H),7.71(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.81-7.89(m,2H),8.14(s,1H),8.39(dd,J=11.8,7.8Hz,1H),8.48(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.66(s,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δppm:20.85,26.68,50.62,52.49,108.22,109.78,110.66,115.68,119.71,120.95,121.21,121.71,122.02,122.97,123.21,125.99,126.35,127.54,128.61,130.67,132.85,133.30,136.76,136.89,137.83,139.53,141.59,145.26,148.37,149.83,154.78,168.92,173.63;31P NMR(203MHz,CDCl3):δppm:-1.70,-2.50;m/z(ESI+):717.3(M+H)。
实施例31:药代动力学实验方法a
实验动物采用ICR小鼠,雄性,体重18g~22g。将实验动物(64只)随机分为4组,每组16只。分别于给药后0.25、0.5、1、2、4、6、8h收集血样。将被测试化合物于溶媒中配制成实验用溶液或悬浮液,灌胃给药,溶媒组成为5%DMSO与95%的0.5%CMC-Na溶液。测试化合物浓度均为3mg/mL当量的阿西替尼。将动物禁食12小时后,以30mg/kg阿西替尼当量灌胃给药。于给药后,在预设时间点从眼眶采血至肝素化的EP管中,全血样品于5000rpm在4℃下离心10min后收集血浆样品,低温保存。取10μL血浆样品,加入110μL乙腈沉淀,混合均匀后,于12000rpm在4℃下离心10min,取上清液进行LC-MS/MS分析。分析目标为阿西替尼和相应的前药分子。由将化合物1,5,10和阿西替尼灌胃给药后所得到的阿西替尼在血浆中的浓度-时间曲线,见图1。
实施例32:药代动力学实验方法b
实验动物采用ICR小鼠,全雄性,体重18g~22g。将实验动物(36只)随机分为6组,每组六只,单次采样。每个时间点各6只,共6个采样时间点,分别为给药后0.5,1,2,4,6,8h收集血样。将被测试化合物于溶媒中配制成实验用溶液或悬浮液,灌胃给药。溶媒组成:0.5wt%CMC-Na溶液;DMSO:0.5wt%-CMC-Na水溶液(5/95,v/v);DMSO:EtOH:0.5wt%-CMC-Na(2/10/88,v/v/v);DMSO:0.5wt%-CMC-Na(10/90,v/v);或者DMSO:0.5wt%-CMC-Na(2/98,v/v)。每个测试化合物所采用的溶媒见表2。测试化合物的浓度均为3mg/L当量的阿西替尼。将动物禁食12小时后,以30mg/kg阿西替尼当量灌胃给药。于给药后,在预设时间点从眼眶采血(约200μL/只)至用肝素化的EP管中,血液浆样品于5000rpm离心10min后收集血浆样品,低温保存。取20μL血浆样品,加入220μL乙腈沉淀,混合均匀后,于12000rpm在4℃下离心10min。取上清液进行LC-MS/MS分析。分析目标为阿西替尼和相应的前药分子。各前药给药后,阿西替尼的药代动力学数据概括于表2。
表2.各前药给药后阿西替尼的药代动力学参数
*A:0.5%CMC-Na;B:5%DMSO和95%的0.5%-CMC-Na;C:2%DMSO、10%EtOH、和88%的0.5%-CMC-Na;D:10%DMSO和90%的0.5%-CMC-Na。
实施例33:EN1903-3HT-29动物模型中抗肿瘤药效研究
用雄性、16-18g体重的Balb/c Nude裸小鼠(Balb/c Nude小鼠,SPF级;供应商,上海灵畅生物科技有限公司)建立HT29模型:a)培养扩增HT29细胞,待细胞扩增足够后,收集细胞;b)用不含血清的M5A培养液配置成3.0*107/mL的细胞悬液,共15mL;c)
Balb/c nude裸小鼠皮下接种,每只小鼠0.1ml,即3.0*106/mouse,共接种130只荷瘤鼠。当肿瘤生长到体积为100mm3至200mm3时,挑选其中90只肿瘤体积合适且大小相近的荷瘤鼠随机分组,每组10只,并记做第1天。9组动物分别为:G1-对照组,G2-低剂量的阿西替尼,G3-高剂量的阿西替尼,G4-低剂量的化合物1,G5-高剂量的化合物1,G6-低剂量的化合物5,G7-高剂量的化合物5,G8-低剂量的化合物10,G9-高剂量的化合物10。其中,低剂量和高剂量分别为10mg/kg和30mg/kg阿西替尼的等摩尔剂量。受试化合物分布于5%DMSO+95%(0.5%CMC-Na)的溶媒中,浓度按每次灌胃10mL/kg、以相应剂量计算。给药建模后1至7天,采用每天一次(QD)给药,自第8天起,每天两次(BID)给药,直至实验结束(共给药19天)。肿瘤体积分别在给药的第1、3、5、8、10、12、15、17、和19天测量,并于实验终点(第19天)取肿瘤称量重量。实验期间,无动物死亡。动物肿瘤的体积和重量分别见图2和图3。
尽管参照本发明的实施例详细描述了本发明,但提供这些实施例是为了说明而不是限制本发明。根据本发明原理能够得到的其它实施例均属于本发明权利要求所界定的范畴。
本文所列出的所有文件和文献的内容通过引用而整体并入本文中。
Claims (13)
1.一种式I所示的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、螯合物、水合物、溶剂化物、立体异构体或多晶型:
其中:
R1和R2分别独立地为氢或保护基;
R3不存在或者为保护基;其中当R3为保护基时,与R3相连的氮原子带正电,并且存在平衡离子;
所述保护基选自:酰基、烷基羰基、芳基羰基、烷基硫代羰基、芳基硫代羰基、烷基氨基甲酰基、芳基氨基甲酰基、取代或未取代的乙酰基、取代或未取代的氨基烷酰基、取代或未取代的α-氨基烷酰基、天然或非天然氨基酸衍生的具有或不具有取代基的酰基、肽残基的酰基、环烷基羰基、杂环烷基羰基、烷氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、杂烷氧基羰基、杂芳氧基羰基、具有或不具有取代基的低聚乙二醇化羰基以及R4(R5R6C)m-;
其中,m为选自0至6的整数;
R5和R6独立地为氢或低级烷基;并且,
其中,X为氧(O)、硫(S)、氮(N)或碳(C);
R7和R8独立地为氢、取代或未取代的烷基、取代或未取代的环烷基、取代或未取代的氧杂烃基、取代或未取代的羟甲基、含有碳酸酯或羧酸酯的烃基、具有取代基或不具有取代基的芳基或杂芳基、结构为R10-(OCH2CH2)n-的PEG残基、诸如低级烷基或芳基的成酯基团或诸如低级烷基或芳基的成醚部分,其中,n=1至10,R10为氢或低级烷基;或者当X为氧或硫时,R7和R8独立为成盐部分,诸如钠、钾、四乙铵或四丁铵;或者,R7和X的组合一起形成取代或未取代的烷基或芳基;或者,当X为氮时,R7和X的组合一起形成取代或未取代的氨基酸衍生物,并且X是该氨基酸中氨基的氮原子;以及R9选自低级烷基、羟基、卤素、硝基、氨基、低级烷基氨基和低级烷氧基,或者R9和其所连接的苯环一起形成非芳香族或芳香族稠环基团、例如取代或未取代的萘基;
条件是式I的化合物不是阿西替尼。
5.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的药物组合物,所述药物组合物进一步包括其它治疗剂,所述其它治疗剂包括程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1和程序性细胞死亡配体1抑制剂。
7.权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物或权利要求5或6的药物组合物在制备用于抑制或调节受试者中酪氨酸激酶的活性的药物中的应用。
8.权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物或权利要求5或6的药物组合物在制备用于预防或治疗受试者中由酪氨酸激酶介导的疾病病症或症状的药物中的应用。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的应用,其中,所述受试者患有肿瘤或癌症。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其中,所述肿瘤或癌症为乳腺癌、肾细胞癌和/或甲状腺癌。
11.根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的应用,其中,所述受试者为哺乳动物,尤其是人。
12.一种试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括:至少一种权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物,或者权利要求5或6所述的药物组合物;以及其使用说明。
13.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物和根据权利要求5所述的组合物与其它治疗剂或方法联合使用,所述联合使用包括程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1和程序性细胞死亡配体1抑制剂。
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