CN112438876A - 降糖治疗仪 - Google Patents
降糖治疗仪 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112438876A CN112438876A CN201910810448.2A CN201910810448A CN112438876A CN 112438876 A CN112438876 A CN 112438876A CN 201910810448 A CN201910810448 A CN 201910810448A CN 112438876 A CN112438876 A CN 112438876A
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Abstract
一种降糖治疗仪,包括壳体(13)、汽化组件(1)、软管组件(2),汽化组件(1)包括壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)内的高压缸体组件(11)以及加热体(113),其技术要点是:高压缸体组件(11)包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体(113)设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件(11)侧部设有缓冲缸体(12),缓冲缸体(12)通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体(12)通过三级电磁阀(124)与软管组件(2)相连通。其具有结构简单紧凑、使用方便、易于操作等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体说是一种降糖治疗仪,其IPC主分类号主要涉及A61H39/00。
背景技术
II型糖尿病多在35~40岁之后发病,占糖尿病患者90%以上。西医认为II型糖尿病患者体内产生胰岛素的能力并非完全丧失,有的患者体内胰岛素甚至产生过多,但胰岛素的作用效果较差,因此患者体内的胰岛素是一种相对缺乏,可以通过某些口服药物刺激体内胰岛素的分泌或需要使用胰岛素治疗。然中医学认为II型糖尿病其基本病机为阴津亏损,燥热偏盛,而以阴虚为本,燥热为标,两者互为因果,阴愈虚则燥热愈盛,燥热愈盛则阴愈虚。消渴病变的脏腑主要在肺、胃、肾,三脏之中,虽可有所偏重,但往往又互相影响。其中,尤以肾最为重要。
据统计数据显示,1974 年全国只有几个人得糖尿病,可是如今中国糖尿病的发病率已达 11.6%,即有 1 亿多人患糖尿病。糖尿病患者的数量急剧上升的原因,很大程度上与营养过剩、脾胃运化不及有关,绝大部分的糖尿病患者都有不同程度的脾虚现象。降血糖,西医的治疗方案是药物刺激胰岛素分泌,而中医的治疗方式药物调理脾胃,同时控制饮食和适度锻炼。无论西药也好中药也罢,都需要通过肝脏的代谢,从而对肝肾有一定的损伤。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种降糖治疗仪,从根本上解决了上述问题,其具有结构简单紧凑、使用方便、易于操作等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:该降糖治疗仪包括壳体、汽化组件、软管组件,汽化组件包括壳体、设置在壳体内的高压缸体组件以及加热体,其技术要点是:高压缸体组件包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件侧部设有缓冲缸体,缓冲缸体通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体内通过驱动电机设有驱动齿轮、与驱动齿轮啮合的齿条、设置在齿条底部的活塞;驱动齿轮为半齿齿轮;缓冲缸体通过三级电磁阀与软管组件相连通。
进一步的,软管组件包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀与缓冲缸相连通的软管、设置在软管端部的喷嘴组件,喷嘴组件包括喷嘴壳体、设置在壳体上的喷射开关、冷气旁管一级设置在输出端的流量调节组件。
进一步的,一级高压腔内的药液由以下原料制备而成:
人参5~15重量份;
天花粉45~55重量份;
生地25~35重量份;
黄连5~15重量份;
和石膏3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、石斛3~6重量份、甘草黄芩3~6重量份;
或芒硝3~6重量份、大黄3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、玄参黄芩3~6重量份;
或山药3~6重量份、山萸肉3~6重量份、丹皮3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
或茯苓3~6重量份、白术3~6重量份、黄芪黄芩3~6重量份;
或山茱萸3~6重量份、山药3~6重量份、附子3~6重量份、桂枝3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
或黄芩3~6重量份、滑石黄芩3~6重量份。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的高压缸体组件,采用两级级高压缸体和一级缓冲缸体,并配合三级电磁阀进行压力的自动调控,从而持续输出所需蒸汽。通过设置二级高压腔,避免一级高压腔直接与大气连通导致的气压骤变。通过采用二级高压腔,将少量高压药液与缓冲缸体连通时,迅速减压汽化成药液蒸汽,配合缓冲缸体的活塞,从而保证药液蒸汽的持续恒速流出,并配合喷嘴组件上的可调速的冷气旁管,输出理想温度和压力的治疗蒸汽。
无论是口服药物还是注射胰岛素治疗糖尿病,都不难发现仍然有大量的患者会出现血糖控制不理想、血糖不稳定等诸多问题;更可怕的是还经常有出现低血糖的危险。而降糖仪通过不口服、不接触皮肤的方法,帮助您维持正常血糖的同时,对于预防糖尿病并发症、预防糖尿病耐药反应、控制糖尿病症状都有很好的效果,是唯一能够做到安全无副作用的治疗仪器。
综上所述,本发明可在不接触皮肤的情况下进行治疗调理,更加安全、且无副作用。并配以中医理论,选择道地药材,保证疗效。理疗过程中,药物始终处于封闭环境内,避免了有效成分的流失,通过仪器蒸汽流针对特定穴位的刺激能够最大发挥药物的功效。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为本发明流量调节组件的工作原理示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合图1~2,通过具体实施例详细说明本发明的内容。该降糖治疗仪包括壳体13、汽化组件1、软管组件2以及控制系统,汽化组件1包括壳体13、设置在壳体13内的高压缸体组件11以及加热体113。高压缸体组件11包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔111和二级高压腔112,加热体113设置在一级高压腔111底部,高压缸体组件11侧部设有缓冲缸体12,缓冲缸体12通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体12通过三级电磁阀124与软管组件2相连通。缓冲缸体12内通过驱动电机设有驱动齿轮121、与驱动齿轮121啮合的齿条122、设置在齿条122底部的活塞123;驱动齿轮121为半齿齿轮;缓冲缸体12通过三级电磁阀124与软管组件2相连通。高压缸体组件11与壳体13之间设有隔热层131,高压缸体组件11通过密封盖132密封。一级高压腔111内还设有滤网111b,滤网111b可盛放所需的药材,也可直接将预先处理好的药液置于一级高压腔111中。
控制系统包括处理器模块、信号输入模块、信号接收模块。其中,信号输入模块包括设置在一级高压腔111内的压力传感器I(图中未示出)、温度传感器I、设置在二级高压腔112内的压力传感器II(图中未示出)、设置在缓冲缸体内的压力传感器III(图中未示出)、设置在喷嘴组件22内的温度传感器II、设置在喷嘴组件壳体外壁上的显示屏221。
接收模块包括加热电路、一级电磁阀111a、二级电磁阀112a、三级电磁阀124、缓冲缸体上的驱动电机。
软管组件2包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀124与缓冲缸相连通的软管21、设置在软管21端部的喷嘴组件22,喷嘴组件22包括喷嘴壳体13、设置在壳体13上的喷射开关222、冷气旁管23、设置在喷嘴壳体13输出端的流量调节组件223。其中,流量调节组件223包括沿周向设置的若干叶片223a、调节环223b,各叶片223a通过固定柱223e等间隔角度铰接在调节环223b上,叶片223a的外侧通过限位柱223d限位在喷嘴壳体13内侧的限位槽223c内。使用时,通过旋转喷嘴壳体13上的旋钮可带动调节环223b旋转,进而带动叶片223a在限位柱223d和固定柱223e两点位上摆动,进而调整中心排气孔孔的大小。
通过设置在驱动电机(图中未示出)输出轴的单向旋转,即可通过驱动齿轮121驱动齿条122和活塞123在缓冲缸体12内往复运动。进而调节缓冲缸体12的使用容积(活塞123的下部区域)。假设,当齿轮位于图1中的位置时,活塞在垂直方向的位移为0,则齿轮角度与齿条位移对应关系如下表所示。
表1 齿轮转角a与齿条位移d的对应关系
注:齿条位于最上方时,位移为Ymax,缓冲缸体具有最大容积Vmax;
齿条位于最下方时,位移为-Ymax,缓冲缸体具有最小容积Vmin。
以P1阈值5atm(沸点151.1℃)为例,详细说明各腔体和电磁阀之间的协同工作过程。同时,出于安全性、制造成本、缸体体积、缸体重量(承受力越大缸体侧壁越厚)等因素综合考虑,将高压缸体组件11所能承受的最大压力为10atm~15atm。当然,为延长设备的使用时间,也可相应的提高阈值与缸体承受力。
为表述方便,以下将一级高压腔111的压力表示为P1,其内的液体温度表示为T1,喷嘴组件内的气体温度表示为T2,一级电磁阀表示为v1,将二级高压腔112的压力表示为P2,二级电磁阀表示为v2,将缓冲缸体的压力表示为P3,三级电磁阀表示为v3,加热电路表示为H,大气压表示为P0。
表2 不同状态下信号输入模块与信号接收模块的对应关系
状态I:P1<5atm,P2<<5atm,P3=P0,且T1<150℃时,加热电路连通,v1~v3关闭。
另外,加热体113上设置保护电路,无论处于何种状态下,当T1>T1阈值一定范围时如高于T1阈值温度20℃~50℃时,此时即说明一级高压腔内液体所剩不多,则加热电路则停止工作,从而避免了一级高压腔体内“干烧”,而缩短元器件的寿命。
状态II:P1≈5atm,P2<5atm,P3=P0,且T1≈150℃时,加热电路关闭,v1打开,v2~v3关闭,一级高压腔的药液在重力作用下进入二级高压腔。
状态III: P1≈5atm,P2≈5atm,P3=P0,且T1≈150℃时,v1~v3关闭,二级高压腔112充满药液。
二级高压腔112容积远小于一级高压腔111,由于仅有少量液体,因此每次流失的部分药液不会对P1产生显著影响。在二级高压腔112压力骤减时(与缓冲缸体12连通),该二级高压腔112内的全部液体迅速汽化,而不会发生爆沸。通过设置二级高压腔112,又可避免一级高压腔111直接与大气连通导致的气压变化幅度过大,进而提高安全性。
状态IV:v1关闭,v2打开,v3关闭,二级高压腔的药液迅速汽化并将缓冲缸体填满,此时,P1≈5atm,P0<P2=P3<5atm。
状态V:当P3压力到达P3阈值时,v3开启,此时即可通过控制喷射开关222和流量调节组件223进行理疗。
软管组件2内设置温度传感器(图中未示出),按压软管组件2的喷射开关222,三级电磁阀124开启,蒸汽经缓冲缸体12进入软管组件2,并与软管组件2的旁路冷却气体混合,软管组件2内设置的温度传感器检测软管21内气体的温度,当温度到达设定值时,喷嘴22上的阀门即可开启喷出蒸汽,并设置红绿指示灯,当T2满足设定温度时,则指示灯为绿色,从而避免烫伤。通过设定旁路冷却气体的流量(由于P3阈值恒定,因此旁路的流量调节装置即为混合器的温度调节装置),即可设定喷嘴22最终排出的混合蒸汽的温度。
随着使用过程,软管组件内压力降低时,则v2和v3同时开启,使P2中的药液逐渐汽化,为避免P2和P3过大,则可通过缓冲缸体内的驱动电机调节缓冲缸体容积,进而调节P2和P3。
当P2小于P2阈值时,v1打开,v2关闭,v3打开,重复状态II和状态III,药液再次充满二级高压腔。为避免v2关闭导致的软管内的暂时失压,缓冲缸体的驱动电机驱动活塞运动收缩缓冲缸体积,实现缓冲作用,缓冲过程中,二级高压腔内再次充满药液,即可继续维持P3的压力。以上,即可安全稳定地将一级高压腔内的药液不间断地转换为压力恒定、温度恒定的蒸汽流。
同时,为说明本发明高压缸体的安全性以及药液热容与压力的对照关系,给出了下表。液化气罐的生产标准符合GB17267-1998,最高承受2.1Mpa(约20atm)。本实施例的高压缸体组件不但体积远小于液化气罐,而且所需承受力也相对较小,完全符合生产与使用中的安全性要求。可见,P1阈值每提高1atm,同样体积的药液所携带的热量便提高约10%。
综合上述控制方法,即可通过嵌入式编程或可编程处理器(根据不同情况自行设定阈值)对整个治疗仪进行自动控制。通过处理器模块可将P1~P3,T1~T2的运行参数,H的工作状态即可实时输出到显示屏上,从而方便使用。
表3 水在不同压力状态下的沸点对照表
为降低血糖,一级高压腔中的溶液可采用以下组方:
主药:
人参5~15重量份、天花粉45~55重量份、生地25~35重量份、黄连5~15重量份
辅药:
肺胃燥热型,配以石膏3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、石斛3~6重量份、甘草黄芩3~6重量份;
肠燥津伤型,配以芒硝3~6重量份、大黄3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、玄参黄芩3~6重量份;
肝肾阴虚型,配以山药3~6重量份、山萸肉3~6重量份、丹皮3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
脾胃气虚型,配以茯苓3~6重量份、白术3~6重量份、黄芪黄芩3~6重量份;
阴阳两亏型,配以山茱萸3~6重量份、山药3~6重量份、附子3~6重量份、桂枝3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
湿热中阻型,配以黄芩3~6重量份、滑石黄芩3~6重量份。
中医学认为其基本病机为阴津亏损,燥热偏盛,而以阴虚为本,燥热为标,两者互为因果,阴愈虚则燥热愈盛,燥热愈盛则阴愈虚。消渴病变的脏腑主要在肺、胃、肾,三脏之中,虽可有所偏重,但往往又互相影响。其中,尤以肾最为重要。故选用人参、生地补肾生津益气;天花粉消渴生津;人参、黄连去燥不伤阴。
上消型主要选穴:肺腧、少商、尺泽、金津、玉液、三焦腧、阳池。
中消型主要选穴:脾俞、中脘、大都、陷谷、水道、三焦腧、阳池。
下消型主要选穴:肾俞、关元、涌泉、然谷、复溜、行间、三焦腧、阳池。
根据中医辨证结果分型,选取适当穴位。以人参、天花粉、生地、黄连为主药,附以石膏、麦冬、石斛、甘草、芒硝、大黄、麦冬、玄参、山药、山萸肉、丹皮、茯苓、泽泻、熟地、白术、黄芪、山茱萸、山药、附子、桂枝、滑石等药材,将降糖仪治疗头放置在选好的穴位上方约1cm处,嘱患者平静放松。设置时间强度后开机即可干预治疗。根据病情程度可选择不同的时间档位和前档位,病情越重者档位可越大。选穴参照如:肺腧、少商、尺泽、金津、玉液、脾俞、中脘、大都、陷谷、水道、三焦腧、阳池、肾俞、关元、涌泉、然谷、复溜、行间等。
病例1:
李女士,女,48岁,诊断II型糖尿病1个月,饮食加运动干预血糖控制不佳。空腹血糖10.8mmol/L-12.1mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖9.7mmol/L-15.4mmol/L,伴多饮症状,偶有周身皮肤瘙痒现象。于2017年3月入组试验,每日进行降糖仪干预1小时,配合规范糖尿病饮食及运动,监测血糖。受试者治疗10天时,口渴症状得到明显好转,空腹血糖8.1mmol/L-10.7mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖9.5mmol/L-10.4mmol/L,血糖呈下降表现。受试者治疗20天时,空腹血糖6.9mmol/L-8.3mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖7.8mmol/L-9.5mmol/L,无皮肤瘙痒现象出现。受试者治疗30天时,空腹血糖6.7mmol/L-8.2mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖7.1mmol/L-8.7mmol/L,自觉身体无乏力等不适表现。
病例2:
张先生,69岁,II型糖尿病病史12年,伴高压、冠心病,无其他明显糖尿病并发症。平日应用二甲双胍片,日2000mg,日三次口服,优泌林70/30胰岛素早晚各22U。空腹血糖9.1mmol/L-13.1mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖11.8mmol/L-15.4mmol/L,最高餐后2小时血糖可达18.6mmol/L,血糖控制不佳。2017年10月入组观察,每日进行降糖仪干预1小时,配合糖尿病饮食及运动,监测血糖。降糖仪干预10天时,二甲双胍日2000mg、优泌林70/30胰岛素早晚各22U不变,空腹血糖8.7mmol/L-12.7mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖10.8mmol/L-15.1mmol/L,血糖无明显变化。坚持降糖仪日1小时干预,13天开始空腹血糖值出现变化,呈下降趋势。降糖仪干预20天时,空腹血糖7.8mmol/L-10.1mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖9.3mmol/L-13.4mmol/L(原有二甲双胍及胰岛素治疗不变)。降糖仪干预30天时,空腹血糖7.3mmol/L-9.5mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖8.7mmol/L-10.4mmol/L,配合二甲双胍日2000mg,优泌林70/30胰岛素早晚各18U。降糖仪干预期间,患者坚持口服降压药物治疗,血压无明显波动,无心脏不适表现,亦无其他不适症状出现。
病例3:
张女士,37岁,妊娠糖尿病,结束妊娠3年后血糖仍高,明确诊断II型糖尿病(无其他疾病史及药物过敏史)。平日口服二甲双胍500mg Tid po,拜糖平50mg Tid po,血糖控制在:空腹6.3mmol/L-7.7mmol/L,餐后两小时6.9mmol/L-8.7mmol/L。2019年2月入组,给予降糖仪日1小时干预,第10天:空腹血糖5.7mmol/L-6.8mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖6.1mmol/L-7.7mmol/L,常规口服药物不变。降糖仪干预第50天:空腹血糖5.6mmol/L-6.1mmol/L,餐后两小时血糖5.1mmol/L-7.3mmol/L,停用二甲双胍,偶尔口服拜糖平辅助降糖。降糖仪干预期间无身体不适症状出现。
通过上述3例病例分析,降糖仪以不口服药物、不接触皮肤的方式方法进行治疗调理,能够有效降低II型糖尿病患者血糖水平,且更加安全无副作用。2016年-2019年期间,我试验基地累计入组病例187例,其中II型糖尿病患者179例,I型糖尿病患者8例,以降糖仪干预,降糖总有效率达到98.3%,平均入组干预时间为47天且血糖控制平稳后停用降糖仪后血糖无反复,为医疗界II型糖尿病的治疗提供了新的诊疗思路和方法。
附图标记说明:
1汽化组件
11高压缸体组件
111一级高压腔
111a一级电磁阀
111b滤网
112二级高压腔
112a二级电磁阀
113加热体
12缓冲缸体
121驱动齿轮
122齿条
123活塞
124三级电磁阀
13壳体
131隔热层
132密封盖
2软管组件
21软管
22喷嘴组件
221显示屏
222喷射开关
223流量调节组件
223a叶片
223b调节环
223c限位槽
223d限位柱
223e固定柱
23冷气旁管
Claims (3)
1.一种降糖治疗仪,包括壳体(13)、汽化组件(1)、软管组件(2),汽化组件(1)包括壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)内的高压缸体组件(11)以及加热体(113),其特征在于:高压缸体组件(11)包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体(113)设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件(11)侧部设有缓冲缸体(12),缓冲缸体(12)通过二级电磁阀(112a)与二级高压腔 (112)相连通;缓冲缸体(12)内通过驱动电机设有驱动齿轮(121)、与驱动齿轮(121)啮合的齿条(122)、设置在齿条(122)底部的活塞(123);驱动齿轮(121)为半齿齿轮;缓冲缸体(12)通过三级电磁阀(124)与软管组件(2)相连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降糖治疗仪,其特征在于:软管组件(2)包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀(124)与缓冲缸相连通的软管(21)、设置在软管(21)端部的喷嘴组件(22),喷嘴组件(22)包括喷嘴壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)上的喷射开关(222)、冷气旁管(23)一级设置在输出端的流量调节组件(223)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的降糖治疗仪,其特征在于,一级高压腔内的药液由以下原料制备而成:
人参5~15重量份;
天花粉45~55重量份;
生地25~35重量份;
黄连5~15重量份;
和石膏3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、石斛3~6重量份、甘草黄芩3~6重量份;
或芒硝3~6重量份、大黄3~6重量份、麦冬3~6重量份、玄参黄芩3~6重量份;
或山药3~6重量份、山萸肉3~6重量份、丹皮3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
或茯苓3~6重量份、白术3~6重量份、黄芪黄芩3~6重量份;
或山茱萸3~6重量份、山药3~6重量份、附子3~6重量份、桂枝3~6重量份、茯苓3~6重量份、泽泻3~6重量份、熟地黄芩3~6重量份;
或黄芩3~6重量份、滑石黄芩3~6重量份。
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