CN112438881A - 降压治疗仪 - Google Patents
降压治疗仪 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112438881A CN112438881A CN201910810447.8A CN201910810447A CN112438881A CN 112438881 A CN112438881 A CN 112438881A CN 201910810447 A CN201910810447 A CN 201910810447A CN 112438881 A CN112438881 A CN 112438881A
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Abstract
一种降压治疗仪,包括壳体(13)、汽化组件(1)、软管组件(2),汽化组件(1)包括壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)内的高压缸体组件(11)以及加热体(113),其技术要点是:高压缸体组件(11)包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体(113)设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件(11)侧部设有缓冲缸体(12),缓冲缸体(12)通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体(12)通过三级电磁阀(124)与软管组件(2)相连通。其具有结构简单紧凑、使用方便、易于操作等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体说是一种降压治疗仪,其IPC主分类号主要涉及A61H39/00。
背景技术
高血压(hypertension)是指以体循环动脉血压(收缩压和/或舒张压)增高为主要特征(收缩压≥140毫米汞柱,舒张压≥90毫米汞柱),可伴有心、脑、肾等器官的功能或器质性损害的临床综合征。高血压是最常见的慢性病,也是心脑血管病最主要的危险因素。中医古文献中无高血压病的名称,但有关高血压病症状的记载,散见于“眩晕”、“头痛”、“肝阳”、“肝风”、“中风”等论述中。如《素问·至真要大论》说:“诸风掉眩,皆属于肝。”《诸病源候论》说:“肝气胜为血有余,则病目赤善怒,逆则头晕,耳聋不聪。”这些论述对现代防治高血压病具有一定的指导作用。
随着生活水平的提高,食物结构的高脂肪、高蛋白使得更多的人在中年时期就患上了高血脂高血压等症,严重影响了这类人群的正常生活和精神情绪,进而影响了他们的工作和事业,采取的治疗措施是经常服用降血脂降血压的相关药类。一是降压药有副作用,长期服用,损伤肝肾。二是药的味觉不为多数人接受, 因而服药成了被动行为。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种降压治疗仪,从根本上解决了上述问题,其具有结构简单紧凑、使用方便、易于操作等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:该降压治疗仪包括壳体、汽化组件、软管组件,汽化组件包括壳体、设置在壳体内的高压缸体组件以及加热体,其技术要点是:高压缸体组件包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件侧部设有缓冲缸体,缓冲缸体通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体通过三级电磁阀与三套软管组件相连通;软管组件包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀与缓冲缸相连通的软管、设置在软管端部的喷嘴组件,喷嘴组件包括喷嘴壳体、设置在壳体上的喷射开关、冷气旁管一级设置在输出端的流量调节组件。
进一步的,一级高压腔内的药液由以下原料制备而成:
天麻25~40重量份
钩藤5~10重量份
桑寄生25~35重量份
熟地25~35重量份
和山栀子3~5重量份、川牛膝3~5重量份、杜仲3~5重量份、黄芩3~5重量份;
或枸杞3~5重量份、菊花3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份;
或附子3~5重量份、肉桂3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份;
或半夏3~5重量份、白术3~5重量份、茯苓3~5重量份、陈皮3~5重量份;
或桃仁3~5重量份、红花3~5重量份、川芎3~5重量份。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的高压缸体组件,采用两级级高压缸体和一级缓冲缸体,并配合三级电磁阀进行压力的自动调控,从而持续输出所需蒸汽。通过设置二级高压腔,避免一级高压腔直接与大气连通导致的气压骤变。通过采用二级高压腔,将少量高压药液与缓冲缸体连通时,迅速减压汽化成药液蒸汽,配合缓冲缸体的活塞,从而保证药液蒸汽的持续恒速流出,并配合喷嘴组件上的可调速的冷气旁管,输出理想温度和压力的治疗蒸汽。
综上所述,本发明可在不接触皮肤的情况下进行治疗调理,更加安全、且无副作用。并配以中医理论,选择道地药材,保证疗效。理疗过程中,药物始终处于封闭环境内,避免了有效成分的流失,通过仪器蒸汽流针对特定穴位的刺激能够最大发挥药物的功效。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为本发明流量调节组件的工作原理示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合图1~2,通过具体实施例详细说明本发明的内容。该降压治疗仪包括壳体13、汽化组件1、软管组件2以及控制系统,汽化组件1包括壳体13、设置在壳体13内的高压缸体组件11以及加热体113。高压缸体组件11包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔111和二级高压腔112,加热体113设置在一级高压腔111底部,高压缸体组件11侧部设有缓冲缸体12,缓冲缸体12通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体12通过三级电磁阀124与软管组件2相连通。缓冲缸体12内通过驱动电机设有驱动齿轮121、与驱动齿轮121啮合的齿条122、设置在齿条122底部的活塞123;驱动齿轮121为半齿齿轮;缓冲缸体12通过三级电磁阀124与软管组件2相连通。高压缸体组件11与壳体13之间设有隔热层131,高压缸体组件11通过密封盖132密封。一级高压腔111内还设有滤网111b,滤网111b可盛放所需的药材,也可直接将预先处理好的药液置于一级高压腔111中。
控制系统包括处理器模块、信号输入模块、信号接收模块。其中,信号输入模块包括设置在一级高压腔111内的压力传感器I(图中未示出)、温度传感器I、设置在二级高压腔112内的压力传感器II(图中未示出)、设置在缓冲缸体内的压力传感器III(图中未示出)、设置在喷嘴组件22内的温度传感器II、设置在喷嘴组件壳体外壁上的显示屏221。
接收模块包括加热电路、一级电磁阀111a、二级电磁阀112a、三级电磁阀124、缓冲缸体上的驱动电机。
软管组件2包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀124与缓冲缸相连通的软管21、设置在软管21端部的喷嘴组件22,喷嘴组件22包括喷嘴壳体13、设置在壳体13上的喷射开关222、冷气旁管23、设置在喷嘴壳体13输出端的流量调节组件223。其中,流量调节组件223包括沿周向设置的若干叶片223a、调节环223b,各叶片223a通过固定柱223e等间隔角度铰接在调节环223b上,叶片223a的外侧通过限位柱223d限位在喷嘴壳体13内侧的限位槽223c内。使用时,通过旋转喷嘴壳体13上的旋钮可带动调节环223b旋转,进而带动叶片223a在限位柱223d和固定柱223e两点位上摆动,进而调整中心排气孔孔的大小。
通过设置在驱动电机(图中未示出)输出轴的单向旋转,即可通过驱动齿轮121驱动齿条122和活塞123在缓冲缸体12内往复运动。进而调节缓冲缸体12的使用容积(活塞123的下部区域)。假设,当齿轮位于图1中的位置时,活塞在垂直方向的位移为0,则齿轮角度与齿条位移对应关系如下表所示。
表1 齿轮转角a与齿条位移d的对应关系
注:齿条位于最上方时,位移为Ymax,缓冲缸体具有最大容积Vmax;
齿条位于最下方时,位移为-Ymax,缓冲缸体具有最小容积Vmin。
以P1阈值5atm(沸点151.1℃)为例,详细说明各腔体和电磁阀之间的协同工作过程。同时,出于安全性、制造成本、缸体体积、缸体重量(承受力越大缸体侧壁越厚)等因素综合考虑,将高压缸体组件11所能承受的最大压力为10atm~15atm。当然,为延长设备的使用时间,也可相应的提高阈值与缸体承受力。
为表述方便,以下将一级高压腔111的压力表示为P1,其内的液体温度表示为T1,喷嘴组件内的气体温度表示为T2,一级电磁阀表示为v1,将二级高压腔112的压力表示为P2,二级电磁阀表示为v2,将缓冲缸体的压力表示为P3,三级电磁阀表示为v3,加热电路表示为H,大气压表示为P0。
表2 不同状态下信号输入模块与信号接收模块的对应关系
状态I:P1<5atm,P2<<5atm,P3=P0,且T1<150℃时,加热电路连通,v1~v3关闭。
另外,加热体113上设置保护电路,无论处于何种状态下,当T1>T1阈值一定范围时如高于T1阈值温度20℃~50℃时,此时即说明一级高压腔内液体所剩不多,则加热电路则停止工作,从而避免了一级高压腔体内“干烧”,而缩短元器件的寿命。
状态II:P1≈5atm,P2<5atm,P3=P0,且T1≈150℃时,加热电路关闭,v1打开,v2~v3关闭,一级高压腔的药液在重力作用下进入二级高压腔。
状态III: P1≈5atm,P2≈5atm,P3=P0,且T1≈150℃时,v1~v3关闭,二级高压腔112充满药液。
二级高压腔112容积远小于一级高压腔111,由于仅有少量液体,因此每次流失的部分药液不会对P1产生显著影响。在二级高压腔112压力骤减时(与缓冲缸体12连通),该二级高压腔112内的全部液体迅速汽化,而不会发生爆沸。通过设置二级高压腔112,又可避免一级高压腔111直接与大气连通导致的气压变化幅度过大,进而提高安全性。
状态IV:v1关闭,v2打开,v3关闭,二级高压腔的药液迅速汽化并将缓冲缸体填满,此时,P1≈5atm,P0<P2=P3<5atm。
状态V:当P3压力到达P3阈值时,v3开启,此时即可通过控制喷射开关222和流量调节组件223进行理疗。
软管组件2内设置温度传感器(图中未示出),按压软管组件2的喷射开关222,三级电磁阀124开启,蒸汽经缓冲缸体12进入软管组件2,并与软管组件2的旁路冷却气体混合,软管组件2内设置的温度传感器检测软管21内气体的温度,当温度到达设定值时,喷嘴22上的阀门即可开启喷出蒸汽,并设置红绿指示灯,当T2满足设定温度时,则指示灯为绿色,从而避免烫伤。通过设定旁路冷却气体的流量(由于P3阈值恒定,因此旁路的流量调节装置即为混合器的温度调节装置),即可设定喷嘴22最终排出的混合蒸汽的温度。
随着使用过程,软管组件内压力降低时,则v2和v3同时开启,使P2中的药液逐渐汽化,为避免P2和P3过大,则可通过缓冲缸体内的驱动电机调节缓冲缸体容积,进而调节P2和P3。
当P2小于P2阈值时,v1打开,v2关闭,v3打开,重复状态II和状态III,药液再次充满二级高压腔。为避免v2关闭导致的软管内的暂时失压,缓冲缸体的驱动电机驱动活塞运动收缩缓冲缸体积,实现缓冲作用,缓冲过程中,二级高压腔内再次充满药液,即可继续维持P3的压力。以上,即可安全稳定地将一级高压腔内的药液不间断地转换为压力恒定、温度恒定的蒸汽流。
同时,为说明本发明高压缸体的安全性以及药液热容与压力的对照关系,给出了下表。液化气罐的生产标准符合GB17267-1998,最高承受2.1Mpa(约20atm)。本实施例的高压缸体组件不但体积远小于液化气罐,而且所需承受力也相对较小,完全符合生产与使用中的安全性要求。可见,P1阈值每提高1atm,同样体积的药液所携带的热量便提高约10%。
综合上述控制方法,即可通过嵌入式编程或可编程处理器(根据不同情况自行设定阈值)对整个治疗仪进行自动控制。通过处理器模块可将P1~P3,T1~T2的运行参数,H的工作状态即可实时输出到显示屏上,从而方便使用。
表3 水在不同压力状态下的沸点对照表
为治疗高血压,一级高压腔中的溶液可采用以下组方:
主药:
天麻25~40重量份
钩藤5~10重量份
桑寄生25~35重量份
熟地25~35重量份
辅药:
肝阳上亢型,配以山栀子3~5重量份、川牛膝3~5重量份、杜仲3~5重量份、黄芩3~5重量份;
肝肾阴虚型,配以枸杞3~5重量份、菊花3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份;
阴阳两虚型,配以附子3~5重量份、肉桂3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份;
痰浊中阻型,配以半夏3~5重量份、白术3~5重量份、茯苓3~5重量份、陈皮3~5重量份;
瘀血阻滞型,配以桃仁3~5重量份、红花3~5重量份、川芎3~5重量份。
中医古文献中无高血压病的名称,但有关高血压病症状的记载,散见于“眩晕”、“头痛”、“肝阳”、“肝风”、“中风”等论述中。如《素问·至真要大论》说:“诸风掉眩,皆属于肝。”《诸病源候论》说:“肝气胜为血有余,则病目赤善怒,逆则头晕,耳聋不聪。”这些论述对现代防治高血压病具有一定的指导作用。故本降压仪选用了能够平息肝养肝风的天麻、钩藤、桑寄生,也同时配合了熟地养血滋阴补肝肾。可以不用口服药物、不接触皮肤的方式方法进行治疗调理,能够帮助稳定降低血压的同时,不会有口服降压药物对肝肾损伤的副作用。
本降压仪选用了能够平息肝养肝风的天麻、钩藤、桑寄生,也同时配合了熟地养血滋阴补肝肾,附以山栀子、川牛膝、杜仲、黄芩、枸杞、菊花、山茱萸、山药、附子、肉桂、半夏、白术、茯苓、陈皮、桃仁、红花、川芎等药材。将降压仪治疗头同时放置在太冲、曲池、太溪穴位上方约1cm处,嘱患者平静放松。设置时间强度后开机即可。根据病情程度可选择不同的时间档位和前档位,病情越重者档位可越大。
病例1:
李先生,34岁,IT行业销售部经理,确诊高血压II级3个月,调整饮食及睡眠后血压无好转表现,时有头晕头胀、“头脑不清”感觉,未经降压药物治疗。既往无其他疾病史,无药物过敏史。2018年7月入组,血压170/100mmHg左右,给予降压仪干预,日1小时,嘱低盐低脂饮食且监测血压。入组观察第5天,血压150-160/90-95mmHg,血压呈现下降趋势,无任何身体不适表现。入组观察第17天,血压降至正常135/85mmHg,偶有血压140/90mmHg,自觉无头晕、头胀表现,睡眠佳。入组第30天,血压130/70mmHg控制良好且无明显血压波动。停止降压仪干预,监测血压至第60天,血压125-130/70-80mmHg之间,无头晕、头胀、头痛等表现。
病例2:
赵先生,57岁,冠心病(不稳定型心绞痛),II型糖尿病,高血压3级(极高危险组)。平日口服曲美他嗪、二甲双胍、拜糖平及络活喜5mg/d、洛丁新10mg/d。血压控制在145-150/80-90mmHg之间。无肿瘤、传染病史,无药物过敏史。2017年5月入组,给予降压仪日1次,每次1小时干预,原有药物治疗暂不变,糖尿病饮食,监测血压、血糖等情况。入组第10天,血压145/90mmHg左右波动无明显变化,血糖平稳,无心绞痛症状发生。入组第25天,血压130/85mmHg左右波动呈下降表现,无胸闷、气短等其他不适症状出现,血糖无变化,建议其停用络活喜治疗且密切监测血压变化。入组第30天,血压135-140/80-90mmHg之间波动,血糖平稳,无心绞痛发作,无头晕、头痛或脚踩棉花等不适症状。嘱其保持良好心态,坚持降压仪日1次(每次1小时)干预,洛丁新治疗不变。入组第60天,血压130/75mmHg左右无明显波动,血糖平稳。降压仪干预期间无胸闷气短等症状出现,无心绞痛发生,无其他不适症状。
病例3:
薛女士,67岁,退休教师,高血压3级(极高危险组),腔隙性脑梗塞病史1年,睡眠一般,平日口服北京降压灵控制血压,血压130-160/80-110mmHg波动较大。无其他疾病史及药物过敏史。2018年3月入组观察,原有药物治疗不变,嘱患者保持情绪平稳,监测血压1天,血压145/100mmHg左右。给予降压仪治疗,日一次,每次1小时(原有药物治疗不变)。降压仪治疗第10天,受试者血压140/90mmHg左右波动,期间情绪变化后出现2次血压升高现象,最高155/110mmHg,受试者自行口含卡托普利5mg舌下,10min后血压回落。坚持降压仪治疗日一次(1小时/天),降压仪治疗第35天,受试者血压135-145/80-90mmHg左右波动,期间未出现明显血压升高现象,无头晕、头胀等不适表现,建议其逐渐减量至停用北京降压灵治疗。降压仪治疗第70天,受试者血压130/80mmHg左右,情绪波动后血压无明显变化。患者自诉“周身轻松”,睡眠佳。
2015年-2019年期间,来我中心参与入组高血压患者累计500余人,平均治疗时间为33天(降压仪10天为1疗程),总有效率达97%,其中未经药物治疗患者112例,口服降压药物减量患者367例,血压降至正常患者387例,且入组观察患者无1例出现不良反应,验证了本降压仪的安全有效性。大量的入组观察病例为高血压患者提供了降压新理念,值得尝试及推广。
附图标记说明:
1汽化组件
11高压缸体组件
111一级高压腔
111a一级电磁阀
111b滤网
112二级高压腔
112a二级电磁阀
113加热体
12缓冲缸体
121驱动齿轮
122齿条
123活塞
124三级电磁阀
13壳体
131隔热层
132密封盖
2软管组件
21软管
22喷嘴组件
221显示屏
222喷射开关
223流量调节组件
223a叶片
223b调节环
223c限位槽
223d限位柱
223e固定柱
23冷气旁管
Claims (2)
1.一种降压治疗仪,包括壳体(13)、汽化组件(1)、软管组件(2),汽化组件(1)包括壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)内的高压缸体组件(11)以及加热体(113),其特征在于:高压缸体组件(11)包括上下位设置的通过一级电磁阀相连通的一级高压腔和二级高压腔,加热体(113)设置在一级高压腔底部,高压缸体组件(11)侧部设有缓冲缸体(12),缓冲缸体(12)通过二级电磁阀与二级高压腔相连通;缓冲缸体(12)通过三级电磁阀(124)与三套软管组件(2)相连通;软管组件(2)包括通过管接头和三级电磁阀(124)与缓冲缸相连通的软管(21)、设置在软管(21)端部的喷嘴组件(22),喷嘴组件(22)包括喷嘴壳体(13)、设置在壳体(13)上的喷射开关(222)、冷气旁管(23)一级设置在输出端的流量调节组件(223)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降压治疗仪,其特征在于,一级高压腔内的药液由以下原料制备而成:
天麻25~40重量份
钩藤5~10重量份
桑寄生25~35重量份
熟地25~35重量份
和山栀子3~5重量份、川牛膝3~5重量份、杜仲3~5重量份、黄芩3~5重量份;
或枸杞3~5重量份、菊花3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份;
或附子3~5重量份、肉桂3~5重量份、山药3~5重量份、山茱萸3~5重量份;
或半夏3~5重量份、白术3~5重量份、茯苓3~5重量份、陈皮3~5重量份;
或桃仁3~5重量份、红花3~5重量份、川芎3~5重量份。
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