CN112431630B - Resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure and construction method - Google Patents
Resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112431630B CN112431630B CN202011166651.XA CN202011166651A CN112431630B CN 112431630 B CN112431630 B CN 112431630B CN 202011166651 A CN202011166651 A CN 202011166651A CN 112431630 B CN112431630 B CN 112431630B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
The invention relates to a resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure, which comprises a waste rock box, a concrete box, a rubber pad, a movable box and fiber cloth, wherein pin holes are formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the waste rock box, a rope buckle is arranged at the edge of the fiber cloth and penetrates through the pin holes in the bottom of the waste rock box, the rope buckle is hinged with the waste rock box through steel nails to construct the whole waste rock box, the top of the waste rock box is provided with the concrete box, the bottom of the concrete box is provided with an iron plate, the iron plate and the waste rock box are in socket joint through the iron plate, the top of the concrete box is provided with the movable box, the size of the movable box is smaller than that of the concrete box, the movable box is embedded into the concrete box, the outer wall of the movable box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concrete box, the plane size of the rubber pad is consistent with that of the movable box, the rubber pad is grooved along the periphery of the middle of the belly, the grooving depth is 20mm, and the rubber pad is clamped at the bending part of the top of the movable box; the invention has the advantages of high supporting force, adaptability to the deformation characteristic of surrounding rock and good roof-contacting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine gob-side entry retaining, in particular to a resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure and a construction method.
Background
The gob-side entry retaining technology belongs to the technical means of coal pillar-free mining, and is characterized in that an artificial wall is constructed in an upper section working face extraction roadway, a top plate is controlled, and the upper section working face extraction roadway is retained for the lower section working face extraction, so that the gob-side entry retaining technology has the advantages of reducing the tunneling rate, relieving the shortage of mining replacement, improving the coal extraction rate, eliminating the stress concentration effect in a multi-coal-bed mining coal pillar area, realizing Y-shaped ventilation of a working face, solving the problem of corner gas accumulation, reducing the temperature of the working face, improving the working environment and the like.
The gob-side entry retaining roadway can be influenced by secondary mining, along with the problems of high stress concentration degree, severe roadway deformation damage, long top plate activity time, severe dynamic pressure influence and the like, so that the mechanical property of the artificially constructed roadside filler is crucial to the stability of the gob-side entry retaining roadway and has the following characteristics: (1) The method is suitable for large deformation, according to the moving characteristics of a gob-side entry retaining top plate, a straight roof firstly collapses and fills a gob, an upper basic roof generates rotary deformation in a given deformation mode until one end of the gob touches waste rocks and is stable, and the rotary deformation of a basic roof rock layer acts on a filling body through the straight roof, so that the filling body generates huge deformation along the height direction; (2) The high strength, the basic roof turns around after breaking from the bending resistance limit to generate violent dynamic pressure, and the dead weight of the overlying strata acts to make the filling body bear huge supporting pressure; (3) The roof connecting effect is good, the resistance of the strong roof connecting can be increased quickly, the direct roof can be cut off in time, and the upper basic rotation deformation amplitude is reduced, so that the direct roof is stable in advance; the existing roadside filling gob-side entry retaining uses concrete, high-water materials and the like as filling materials, the mechanical property of a hardened filling body is brittleness, the filling body is difficult to adapt to the large deformation requirement of surrounding rocks and the influence of dynamic pressure disturbance, and the broken filling body loses the bearing capacity rapidly; therefore, it is necessary to provide a roadside support structure and a construction method which have high support force, are adaptive to the deformation characteristic of surrounding rocks and have good roof-contacting effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a roadside support structure which has high support force, is suitable for the deformation characteristic of surrounding rock and has a good roof connecting effect and a construction method.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure comprises a waste rock box, a concrete box, a rubber pad, a movable box and fiber cloth, wherein pin holes are formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the waste rock box, a rope buckle is arranged at the edge of the fiber cloth and penetrates through the pin holes in the bottom of the waste rock box, the rope buckle is hinged to the waste rock box through steel nails, the whole bottom of the waste rock box is constructed, an iron plate is welded to the inner side of the bottom of the waste rock box, the waste rock box and the waste rock box are connected in a socket joint mode through the iron plate, jacks and anchoring holes are formed in the wall surface of the waste rock box in the length direction, the jacks are formed by welding the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the waste rock box through hollow steel pipes, a split anchor rod is arranged inside the anchoring holes and comprises a bolt, a tray and a rod body, the diameter of the rod body is matched with the diameter of the anchoring holes, the tray and the bolt are both arranged on the rod body, the tray is in contact with the outer wall of the waste rock box, and the bolt is arranged on the other side of the tray;
the top of the waste rock box is provided with a concrete box, the wall surface of the bottom of the concrete box is provided with a pin hole, the pin hole and fiber cloth which is pinned at the bottom of the concrete box body form a uncovered rectangular box body structure together, the wall surface of the concrete box in the length direction is provided with a jack, the jack is formed by welding a hollow steel pipe which penetrates through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the concrete box, the bottom of the concrete box body is provided with an iron plate which is in socket joint connection with the waste rock box through the iron plate, and the middle part of the front wall of the concrete box is provided with a filling hole;
the concrete box is characterized in that a movable box is arranged at the top of the concrete box, the size of the movable box is smaller than that of the concrete box, the movable box is embedded in the concrete box, the outer wall of the movable box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concrete box, four wall panels at the top of the movable box are bent inwards by 90 degrees, and the extending length of a bent part is 20mm;
the plane size of rubber pad is unanimous with the activity case size, and the rubber pad is slotted around the middle of the belly, and the depth of slotting is 20mm, and rubber pad calliper is in the kink department at activity box top.
The waste rock box, the concrete box and the movable box are all made of thin-wall section steel, the rubber pad is made of polyurethane, the thickness of the rubber pad is 80-120mm, and the rubber pad can move up and down along the height range of the open slot to serve as a movable top of the movable box.
The height of the movable box is equal to the height of the concrete box minus the vertical distance from the upper edge of the jack to the bottom of the box, and meanwhile, the bottom of the movable box is higher than the position of the pouring hole, and the height of the pouring hole is higher than the position of the fiber cloth.
The anchor hole is rectangular, the long side direction of the anchor hole is consistent with the height direction of the waste rock box, the anchor hole is uniformly distributed on the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the waste rock box, and the front wall surface and the rear wall surface are communicated.
The section of steel pipe is the rectangle, and the section size is unanimous with the jack size, and the sectional size of jack suits with the fork section of mining fork truck.
The length and the width of the concrete box body are consistent with those of the waste rock box body, and the jack and the pin hole of the concrete box are consistent with those of the waste rock box.
The construction method of the resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, determining the basic size of a roadside support structure unit, determining the length a and the width b of a gangue box body by combining FLAC3D numerical simulation according to underground mine pressure conditions and actual production, and determining the height H and the number n of the gangue box body according to the actual height H of a roadway, wherein the determining method comprises the following steps: the height of the concrete box is 500mm, the height of the embedded movable box is 400mm, the height of the rubber pad is 120mm, the distance between the top of the concrete box and the top plate of the roadway is at least 100mm, forced top connection is guaranteed, and the control range of the movable height of the embedded movable box and the rubber pad is 200 mm-450 mm;
n is an integer, the construction speed and the construction capacity are considered, the number of the waste rock box bodies meets the minimum number which meets the modulus requirement, and the maximum height is 900mm;
step two, constructing a waste rock box, wherein the bottom of the waste rock box body is made of stretched polypropylene fiber cloth, a rope buckle is arranged on the edge of the fiber cloth, the rope buckle penetrates through a pin hole in the bottom of the box body and is in pin joint with the rope buckle through a pin to construct the bottom of the whole waste rock box body, then a counter anchor rod penetrates through the box body, a bolt is tightened, the counter anchor rod is ensured to be tightly attached to the upper edge of an anchoring hole, waste rock is dumped into the waste rock box, the particle size of the waste rock is not too large and is not more than 1/10 of the width b of the waste rock box, after the whole box body is filled with the waste rock, a fork of a mining forklift penetrates through an insertion hole, the box body is lifted to move and placed beside a goaf roadway, the working face is closely attached, the box body is ensured to be stable, the actions are repeated, and the two waste rock box bodies are mutually inserted and stacked through iron plates;
step three, constructing a concrete box body, wherein the vertical distance between the top of the gangue box body and the top plate of the roadway is within the range of 700-950 mm, constructing the concrete box body, assembling a movable box and a rubber pad in the concrete box body, placing the bottom of the movable box on a jack steel pipe, similarly, pin-jointing fiber cloth with a pin hole at the bottom of the concrete box body as a bottom, lifting the mining forklift onto the gangue box body, and connecting the mining forklift with the gangue box body in an iron plate socket joint mode;
pumping concrete, namely pumping the concrete into a filling hole of a concrete box by using a mining concrete pump, wherein the concrete is in a flowing state before initial setting, the liquid level is continuously raised, firstly, jacking a movable rubber pad, then, driving the movable box to move upwards by the rubber pad until the rubber pad is connected with the top, continuing pumping the concrete for a certain time until the concrete box compacts a bottom gangue box, and meanwhile, forcibly connecting the top with the top to increase the initial supporting force of a support body, stopping pumping and plugging a filling opening;
and step five, after the working surface advances one step forward, clinging to the previous cycle, and repeating the step two to the step four.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The central idea of the invention is to simulate the jacking and roof protecting principle of a hydraulic prop, and utilize pump-injected concrete to be injected into a concrete box jacking movable box to realize the purpose of compacting a lower waste rock box and forcibly connecting the top at the same time;
(2) The forced roof contact is realized, the initial supporting force is high, and the resistance increasing speed is high;
(3) The method is characterized in that a three-stage high-resistance large-deformation control top plate is realized, a polyurethane rubber pad is arranged at the first stage, dynamic load disturbance generated by overlying rock layer fracture is absorbed through self deformation, hardened concrete is used as a loading piston to compact bottom waste rock at the second stage, the waste rock compaction process generates large deformation per se and provides large support resistance, and the concrete is crushed by reaching the compressive strength at the third stage and can still continuously provide large support resistance;
(4) The defects that the traditional roadside filling material is difficult to top, slow in resistance increase and difficult to adapt to large deformation of a roof rock stratum and a filling body is broken and loses bearing capacity rapidly are overcome;
(5) The roadside support structure maintains the integrity of the roadway roof all the time in the whole process, can effectively isolate the goaf of the upper section, prevents gas, water and the like of the goaf of the upper section from flowing into the working surface, and improves the success rate of the entry retaining engineering;
(6) Can dispose part of mine waste rock, and improve the social benefit and economic benefit of mine production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a counter-pulling anchor rod used in the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rubber pad used in the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a gangue box used in the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a concrete box assembly used in the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a concrete box assembly used in the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a fiber cloth used for the gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic layout view of a construction working face of the gob-side entry retaining support structure of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a front view of the gob-side entry retaining support structure construction process of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of arrangement of bottom gangue boxes in the process of construction of the gob-side entry retaining support structure of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a section view of arrangement of two layers of gangue boxes in the construction process of the gob-side entry retaining support structure of the invention.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the top concrete box combination arrangement in the gob-side entry retaining support structure construction process of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of pumping concrete into a concrete box in the process of constructing the gob-side entry retaining support structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a concrete jacking rubber pad in the gob-side entry retaining support structure construction process.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the rubber pad driving the movable box to move upward and engage with the roof in the construction process of the gob-side entry retaining support structure of the invention.
In the figure, the device comprises a waste rock box 1, a pin hole 3, a jack 4, an iron plate 5, a steel pipe 6, an anchoring hole 7, a concrete box 8, a rubber pad 9, a movable box 10, fiber cloth 11, a filling hole 12, a rod body 13, a tray 14, a bolt 15, a rope buckle 16, a hydraulic support 17, a goaf 18, a waste rock box supporting structure 19, a single prop 20, a mining forklift 21, a waste rock box body 22, a waste rock material 23, an air return lane 24 and a transportation lane.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-17, a resistance-increasing type large-deformation roadway-side supporting structure for gob-side entry retaining comprises a waste rock box 1, a concrete box 7, a rubber pad 8, a movable box 9 and a fiber cloth 10, wherein a pin hole 2 is formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the waste rock box 1, a rope buckle 15 is arranged at the edge of the fiber cloth 10, the rope buckle 15 penetrates through the pin hole 2 in the bottom of the waste rock box 1, the rope buckle 15 is hinged to the waste rock box 1 through a steel nail to construct the whole waste rock box bottom, an iron plate 4 is welded on the inner side of the bottom of the waste rock box 1, the waste rock box 1 is in socket joint with the waste rock box 1 through the iron plate 4, a jack 3 and an anchoring hole 6 are formed in the wall surface of the waste rock box 1 in the length direction, the jack 3 is welded through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the waste rock box 1 through a hollow steel pipe, a split anchor is arranged inside the anchoring hole 6, the split anchor comprises a bolt 14, a tray 13 and a rod body 12, the diameter of the rod body 12 is matched with the diameter of the anchoring hole 6, the tray 13 is arranged on the other side of the bolt 14, and the bolt body 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the waste rock box 1; the top of the waste rock box 1 is provided with a concrete box 7, the wall surface of the bottom of the concrete box 7 is provided with a pin hole 2, the pin hole 2 and fiber cloth 10 which is in pin joint with the bottom of the concrete box 7 jointly form a uncovered rectangular box structure, the wall surface of the concrete box 7 in the length direction is provided with a jack 3, the jack 3 is welded by a hollow steel pipe 5 penetrating through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the concrete box 7, the bottom of the concrete box 7 is provided with an iron plate 4, the iron plate 4 and the waste rock box 1 are in socket joint connection with each other, and the middle part of the front wall of the concrete box 7 is provided with a filling hole 11; the movable box 9 is arranged at the top of the concrete box 7, the size of the movable box 9 is smaller than that of the concrete box 7, the movable box 9 is embedded in the concrete box 7, the outer wall of the movable box 9 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concrete box 7, four wall panels at the top of the movable box 9 are bent inwards by 90 degrees, and the extending length of the bent part is 20mm; the plane size of rubber pad 8 is unanimous with activity case 9 size, and rubber pad 8 is slotted around along the belly middle, and the fluting degree of depth is 20mm, and 8 callipers of rubber pad are in the kink department at activity case 9 top.
Taking a working face of a certain gob-side entry retaining with the entry retaining height of 2.7m as an example, the construction steps of using the roadside support structure of the invention to carry out gob-side entry retaining are as follows:
(1) Dimensioning a support structure
This working face coal-winning machine is 4 swords of coal cutting per shift, coal-winning machine cutting step is 800mm, combine mining fork truck actual power so roadside packing length a to be 1600mm, then utilize FLAD3D numerical calculation software to use the reasonable width b of roadside packing that the concrete calculated as the model is 800mm, it is 2700mm to keep the lane height, substitute n =6 that formula (1) calculated, so the height of designing the waste rock box is 900mm, the waste rock box number is two, accord with the modulus requirement, so the waste rock box volume does: 1600mm × 800mm × 900mm;
(2) Gob-side entry retaining working face arrangement
Arranging a gangue material 22 in the position 10m ahead of the working surface, and selecting a mining forklift 20 meeting the power requirement;
(3) Gangue box assembly
The method comprises the following steps of (1) well processing a waste rock box, stretching polypropylene fiber cloth 10 at the bottom, inserting a rope fastener 15 into a corresponding pin hole 2, connecting the rope fastener with the waste rock box 1 by using a pin to serve as the bottom of the waste rock box, inserting a counter-pull anchor rod body 12 into an anchoring hole 6, inserting trays 13 at two ends of the counter-pull anchor rod body, tightening bolts 14 to enable the rod body 12 to be tightly attached to the upper edge of the anchoring hole 6, filling waste rock 22 into the assembled waste rock box 1, and ensuring that the diameter of the waste rock 22 is not more than 1/10 of the width of the box body;
(4) Gangue box body arrangement
A fork of a mine forklift 20 penetrates into a plug hole 3 of the waste rock box body, the waste rock box 1 body is lifted and conveyed to a designed roadside setting position, the box body is ensured to be integrally stable, the step (3) is repeated, the other waste rock box 1 is lifted to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the lower waste rock box 1 through an iron plate 4 and inserted into the waste rock material 22, the two waste rock materials are tightly connected, the posture of the combined body is adjusted, and the two waste rock materials are ensured to be stable;
(5) Concrete box body arrangement
The bottom of the concrete box 7 is provided with a pin hole 2, and the pin hole and a fiber cloth 10 which is connected with the bottom of the box body in a pin mode form a uncovered rectangular box body structure together, a polyurethane rubber pad 8 is sleeved on the top of the movable box 9, the movable box 9 is embedded in the concrete box 7 to form a top movable box body, and the combined box body is lifted by a forklift and inserted into an upper gangue box body through an iron plate 4;
(6) Pump-poured concrete roof
Pumping concrete into the concrete box body through the filling holes 11, jacking the rubber pad 8 after the concrete in a flowing state is filled in the whole concrete box body, driving the movable box 9 to move upwards until the rubber pad 8 is tightly connected with the top, forming a certain amount of initial supporting force, and stopping pumping the concrete;
(7) And (3) plugging the filling hole 11, tightening the counter-pull anchor rod, repeating the steps following the working face, and constructing the next roadside supporting structure.
The central idea of the invention is to simulate the jacking and roof protecting principle of a hydraulic prop, and realize the purpose of compacting the lower waste rock box 1 and forcibly jacking by utilizing the jacking movable box 9 of the pump-injected concrete injection concrete box 7; the forced roof contact is realized, the initial supporting force is high, and the resistance increasing speed is high; the top plate is controlled by three levels of high-resistance large deformation, the polyurethane rubber pad 8 is arranged at the first level, dynamic load disturbance generated by overlying rock layer fracture is absorbed through self deformation, the hardened concrete is used as a loading piston to compact bottom waste rock at the second level, the waste rock compaction process generates large deformation per se and provides large support resistance, and the concrete is crushed by three levels when reaching compressive strength, so that large support resistance can be continuously provided; the defects that the traditional roadside filling material is difficult to top, slow in resistance increase and difficult to adapt to large deformation of a roof rock stratum and a filling body is broken and loses bearing capacity rapidly are overcome; the roadside support structure maintains the integrity of the roadway roof all the time in the whole process, can effectively isolate the goaf of the upper section, prevents gas, water and the like of the goaf of the upper section from flowing into the working surface, and improves the success rate of the entry retaining engineering; can dispose part of mine waste rock, and improve the social benefit and economic benefit of mine production.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-17, a resistance-increasing type large-deformation roadway-side supporting structure for gob-side entry retaining comprises a waste rock box 1, a concrete box 7, a rubber pad 8, a movable box 9 and a fiber cloth 10, wherein a pin hole 2 is formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the waste rock box 1, a rope buckle 15 is arranged at the edge of the fiber cloth 10, the rope buckle 15 penetrates through the pin hole 2 in the bottom of the waste rock box 1, the rope buckle 15 is hinged to the waste rock box 1 through a steel nail to construct the whole waste rock box bottom, an iron plate 4 is welded on the inner side of the bottom of the waste rock box 1, the waste rock box 1 is in socket joint with the waste rock box 1 through the iron plate 4, a jack 3 and an anchoring hole 6 are formed in the wall surface of the waste rock box 1 in the length direction, the jack 3 is welded through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the waste rock box 1 through a hollow steel pipe, a split anchor is arranged inside the anchoring hole 6, the split anchor comprises a bolt 14, a tray 13 and a rod body 12, the diameter of the rod body 12 is matched with the diameter of the anchoring hole 6, the tray 13 is arranged on the other side of the bolt 14, and the bolt body 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the waste rock box 1; the top of the waste rock box 1 is provided with a concrete box 7, the wall surface of the bottom of the concrete box 7 is provided with a pin hole 2, the pin hole 2 and fiber cloth 10 which is pinned to the bottom of the concrete box 7 form a uncovered rectangular box structure together, the wall surface of the concrete box 7 in the length direction is provided with a jack 3, the jack 3 is welded by a hollow steel pipe 5 penetrating through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the concrete box 7, the bottom of the concrete box 7 is provided with an iron plate 4, the iron plate 4 and the waste rock box 1 are connected in a socket joint mode, and the middle part of the front wall of the concrete box 7 is provided with a filling hole 11; the movable box 9 is arranged at the top of the concrete box 7, the size of the movable box 9 is smaller than that of the concrete box 7, the movable box 9 is embedded in the concrete box 7, the outer wall of the movable box 9 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concrete box 7, four wall panels at the top of the movable box 9 are bent inwards by 90 degrees, and the extending length of the bent part is 20mm; the plane size of rubber pad 8 is unanimous with activity case 9 size, and rubber pad 8 is slotted around along the belly middle, and the fluting degree of depth is 20mm, and 8 callipers of rubber pad are in the kink department at activity case 9 top.
The construction method of the roadside support structure specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, determining the basic size of a roadside support structure unit, determining the length a and the width b of a gangue box body by combining FLAC3D numerical simulation according to underground mine pressure conditions and actual production, and determining the height H and the number n of the gangue box body according to the actual height H of a roadway, wherein the determining method comprises the following steps: the height of the concrete box is 500mm, the height of the embedded movable box is 400mm, the height of the rubber pad is 120mm, the distance between the top of the concrete box and the top plate of the roadway is at least 100mm, forced top connection is guaranteed, and the control range of the movable height of the embedded movable box and the rubber pad is 200 mm-450 mm;
n is an integer, the construction speed and the construction capacity are considered, the number of the waste rock box bodies meets the minimum number which meets the modulus requirement, and the maximum height is 900mm;
step two, constructing a waste rock box, wherein the bottom of the waste rock box body is made of stretched polypropylene fiber cloth, a rope buckle is arranged on the edge of the fiber cloth, the rope buckle penetrates through a pin hole in the bottom of the box body and is in pin joint with the rope buckle through a pin to construct the bottom of the whole waste rock box body, then a counter anchor rod penetrates through the box body, a bolt is tightened, the counter anchor rod is ensured to be tightly attached to the upper edge of an anchoring hole, waste rock is dumped into the waste rock box, the particle size of the waste rock is not too large and is not more than 1/10 of the width b of the waste rock box, after the whole box body is filled with the waste rock, a fork of a mining forklift penetrates through an insertion hole, the box body is lifted to move and placed beside a goaf roadway, the working face is closely attached, the box body is ensured to be stable, the actions are repeated, and the two waste rock box bodies are mutually inserted and stacked through iron plates;
constructing a concrete box body, wherein the vertical distance between the top of the gangue box body and a roadway top plate is within the range of 700-950 mm, constructing the concrete box body, assembling a movable box and a rubber pad in the concrete box body, placing the bottom of the movable box on a jack steel pipe, similarly, pin-jointing fiber cloth on a pin hole at the bottom of the concrete box body as a bottom, lifting the mining forklift onto the gangue box body, and connecting the mining forklift with the gangue box body in an iron plate socket joint mode;
pumping concrete, namely pumping the concrete into a filling hole of a concrete box by using a mining concrete pump, wherein the concrete is in a flowing state before initial setting, the liquid level is continuously raised, firstly, a movable rubber pad is jacked, then, the movable box is driven by the rubber pad to move upwards until the rubber pad is jacked, the concrete is continuously pumped for a certain time until the concrete box is compacted to the bottom gangue box, meanwhile, the top is forcibly jacked, the initial supporting force of a supporting body is increased, the pumping is stopped, and a filling opening is blocked;
and step five, after the working face is forwards pushed by a step pitch, the working face is tightly attached to the previous cycle, and the step two to the step four are repeated.
The central idea of the invention is to simulate the jacking and roof protecting principle of a hydraulic prop, and realize the purpose of compacting the lower waste rock box 1 and forcibly jacking by utilizing the jacking movable box 9 of the pump-injected concrete injection concrete box 7; the forced roof contact is realized, the initial supporting force is high, and the resistance increasing speed is high; the top plate is controlled by three levels of high-resistance large deformation, the polyurethane rubber pad 8 is arranged at the first level, dynamic load disturbance generated by overlying rock layer fracture is absorbed through self deformation, the hardened concrete is used as a loading piston to compact bottom waste rock at the second level, the waste rock compaction process generates large deformation per se and provides large support resistance, and the concrete is crushed by three levels when reaching compressive strength, so that large support resistance can be continuously provided; the defects that the traditional roadside filling material is difficult to top, slow in resistance increase and difficult to adapt to large deformation of a roof rock stratum and a filling body is broken and loses bearing capacity rapidly are overcome; the roadside support structure maintains the integrity of the roadway roof all the time in the whole process, can effectively isolate the goaf of the upper section, prevents gas, water and the like of the goaf of the upper section from flowing into the working surface, and improves the success rate of the entry retaining engineering; can dispose part of mine waste rock and improve the social benefit and the economic benefit of mine production.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a resistance-increasing formula major deformation gob entry roadside bearing structure, its characterized in that: the waste rock box comprises a waste rock box, a concrete box, a rubber pad, a movable box and fiber cloth, wherein a pin hole is formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the waste rock box, a rope buckle is arranged at the edge of the fiber cloth, the rope buckle penetrates through the pin hole in the bottom of the waste rock box, the rope buckle is hinged with the waste rock box through a steel nail to form the whole bottom of the waste rock box, an iron plate is welded on the inner side of the bottom of the waste rock box, the waste rock box is connected with the waste rock box in a socket joint mode through the iron plate, a jack and an anchoring hole are formed in the wall surface of the waste rock box in the length direction, the jack is formed by welding a hollow steel pipe penetrating through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the waste rock box, a split anchor rod is arranged inside the anchoring hole and comprises a bolt, a tray and a rod body, the diameter of the rod body is matched with the diameter of the anchoring hole, the tray and the bolt are arranged on the rod body, the tray is in contact with the outer wall of the waste rock box, and the bolt is arranged on the other side of the tray;
the top of the waste rock box is provided with a concrete box, the wall surface of the bottom of the concrete box is provided with a pin hole, the pin hole and fiber cloth which is pinned at the bottom of the concrete box body jointly form a cover-free rectangular box body structure, the wall surface of the concrete box in the length direction is provided with a jack, the jack is formed by welding hollow steel pipes penetrating through the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the concrete box, the bottom of the concrete box body is provided with an iron plate, the iron plate and the waste rock box are mutually connected in a socket joint mode through the iron plate, and the middle part of the front wall of the concrete box is provided with a filling hole;
the concrete box is characterized in that a movable box is arranged at the top of the concrete box, the size of the movable box is smaller than that of the concrete box, the movable box is embedded in the concrete box, the outer wall of the movable box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the concrete box, four wall panels at the top of the movable box are bent inwards by 90 degrees, and the extending length of a bent part is 20mm;
the plane size of rubber pad is unanimous with the activity case size, and the rubber pad is slotted all around along the belly, and the fluting degree of depth is 20mm, and rubber pad calliper is in the kink department at activity box top.
2. The resistance-increasing large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of claim 1, wherein: the waste rock box, the concrete box and the movable box are all made of thin-wall steel, the rubber pad is made of polyurethane, the thickness of the rubber pad is 80-120mm, and the rubber pad can move up and down along the height range of the groove and serves as a movable top of the movable box.
3. The resistance-increasing large deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of claim 1, wherein: the height of the movable box is equal to the height of the concrete box minus the vertical distance from the upper edge of the jack to the bottom of the box, and meanwhile, the bottom of the movable box is higher than the position of the pouring hole, and the height of the pouring hole is higher than the position of the fiber cloth.
4. The resistance-increasing large deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of claim 1, wherein: the anchor hole is the rectangle, and the long edge direction in anchor hole is unanimous with waste rock case direction of height, evenly distributed on waste rock case wall around, and the front and back link up.
5. The resistance-increasing large deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of claim 1, wherein: the section of the steel pipe is rectangular, the size of the section is consistent with that of the jack, and the size of the jack section is adaptive to that of a fork of the mining forklift.
6. The resistance-increasing large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure of claim 1, wherein: the length and the width of the concrete box body are consistent with those of the waste rock box body, and the jack and the pin hole of the concrete box are consistent with those of the waste rock box body.
7. The construction method of the resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, determining the basic size of a roadside support structure unit, determining the length a and the width b of a gangue box body by combining FLAC3D numerical simulation according to underground mine pressure conditions and actual production, and determining the height H and the number n of the gangue box body according to the actual height H of a roadway, wherein the determining method comprises the following steps: the height of the concrete box is 500mm, the height of the embedded movable box is 400mm, the height of the rubber pad is 120mm, the distance between the top of the concrete box and the top plate of the roadway is at least 100mm, forced roof connection is guaranteed, and the movable height control range of the embedded movable box and the rubber pad is 200 mm-450 mm;
n is an integer, the construction speed and the construction capacity are considered, the number of the waste rock boxes meets the minimum number which meets the modulus requirement, and the maximum height is 900mm;
step two, constructing a waste rock box, wherein the bottom of the waste rock box body is made of stretched polypropylene fiber cloth, a rope buckle is arranged on the edge of the fiber cloth, the rope buckle penetrates through a pin hole in the bottom of the box body and is in pin joint with the rope buckle through a pin to construct the bottom of the whole waste rock box body, then a counter anchor rod penetrates through the box body, a bolt is tightened, the counter anchor rod is ensured to be tightly attached to the upper edge of an anchoring hole, waste rock is dumped into the waste rock box, the particle size of the waste rock is not too large and is not more than 1/10 of the width b of the waste rock box, after the whole box body is filled with the waste rock, a fork of a mining forklift penetrates through an insertion hole, the box body is lifted to move and placed beside a goaf roadway, the working face is closely attached, the box body is ensured to be stable, the actions are repeated, and the two waste rock box bodies are mutually inserted and stacked through iron plates;
step three, constructing a concrete box body, wherein the vertical distance between the top of the gangue box body and the top plate of the roadway is within the range of 700-950 mm, constructing the concrete box body, assembling a movable box and a rubber pad in the concrete box body, placing the bottom of the movable box on a jack steel pipe, similarly, pin-jointing fiber cloth with a pin hole at the bottom of the concrete box body as a bottom, lifting the mining forklift onto the gangue box body, and connecting the mining forklift with the gangue box body in an iron plate socket joint mode;
pumping concrete, namely pumping the concrete into a filling hole of a concrete box by using a mining concrete pump, wherein the concrete is in a flowing state before initial setting, the liquid level is continuously raised, firstly, a movable rubber pad is jacked, then, the movable box is driven by the rubber pad to move upwards until the rubber pad is jacked, the concrete is continuously pumped for a certain time until the concrete box is compacted to the bottom gangue box, meanwhile, the top is forcibly jacked, the initial supporting force of a supporting body is increased, the pumping is stopped, and a filling opening is blocked;
and step five, after the working face is forwards pushed by a step pitch, the working face is tightly attached to the previous cycle, and the step two to the step four are repeated.
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| CN101936065A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2011-01-05 | 惠兴田 | Template with rigid-flexible composite structure and partition wall construction method by retaining roadway along goaf thereof |
| DE112012004108T5 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-07-10 | Paul Breen | CONSTRUCTION BOX SYSTEM AND METHOD |
| CN202578779U (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-12-05 | 惠兴田 | Large-framework concrete gob-side separation wall |
| CN102678173B (en) * | 2012-05-12 | 2014-07-02 | 山东科技大学 | High-strength leakproof packing structure of gob-side entry retaining roadside and construction method thereof |
| CN203640745U (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-06-11 | 惠兴田 | Gob-side entry retaining concrete mould bag with roof contacting function |
| CN103971585B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-12-16 | 山东科技大学 | The simulating test device of gob-side entry retaining anchoring pack wall load-carrying properties and method of testing |
| CN203825944U (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-09-10 | 山东科技大学 | Gob-side entry retaining anchoring spoil wall bearing performance simulation tester |
| CN105370304B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-12-18 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | High stress strong disturbance coal seam gob side entry retaining multistage reinforcement means |
| CN105422146B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of underground mining stope manually puts post expansion and connects ejection device and construction method |
| JP6434590B1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-12-05 | 植村 誠 | Stabilization design method of laying box in open shield method |
| JP6629822B2 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-01-15 | 植村 誠 | Support for laying box connection |
| CN109209485B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Filling mining trapezoid roadside support body and support method |
| CN109883842A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-06-14 | 河北工程大学 | A kind of waste filling is system simulation test bed and waste filling analogy method |
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