CN109209485B - Filling mining trapezoid roadside support body and support method - Google Patents
Filling mining trapezoid roadside support body and support method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109209485B CN109209485B CN201811298968.1A CN201811298968A CN109209485B CN 109209485 B CN109209485 B CN 109209485B CN 201811298968 A CN201811298968 A CN 201811298968A CN 109209485 B CN109209485 B CN 109209485B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a filling mining trapezoid roadside support body which is characterized in that the cross section of the roadside support body is in a right trapezoid shape, coal mine tunneling or gangue separation is adopted as a material, the construction process of the trapezoid roadside support body comprises the steps of building a trapezoid gangue wall, fixing an anchor rod and a metal net, and spraying a concrete layer, and the trapezoid roadside support body can provide an active lateral supporting force on one inclined waist side while supporting a top plate and closing a gob. The lateral deformation of the roadside support body is effectively weakened, the strength of the support body is high, the stability of the roadside support body is maintained, the extraction rate of coal resources is improved, the construction process is simple, the requirements of coal mine filling mining safety construction production are met, the strength and the stability of the roadside support body are effectively improved, the extraction rate of the coal resources is improved, waste rock waste is consumed, the environment is protected, and the green mining requirements are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roadside support body and a support method, in particular to a filling mining trapezoidal roadside support body and a support method which are suitable for a coal-pillar-free gob-side entry retaining working face of comprehensive mechanized solid filling mining.
Background
In recent years, solid dense filling coal mining technology has been widely used. The technology adopts solid wastes such as waste rock and the like to replace 'under three' coal pressing resources, realizes multiple targets of improving resource extraction rate, treating the solid wastes in a large scale, protecting ecological environment and the like, and realizes the requirement of low ecological environment damage. Since the 50 s of the 20 th century, the gob-side entry retaining technology has been the hard direction of the important technology of coal mining in China. With the development of solid compact filling technology, the construction technology of the roadside support body of the gob-side entry retaining is more mature.
However, the cross section of the previously studied roadside support body is a rectangular cross section, and the lateral thrust of the filling area to the roadside support body is large, so that the horizontal deformation of the roadside support body is large, and the stability and the strength of the roadside support body are yet to be enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the defects of the technology, the support body and the support method which have high strength and stability and can meet the requirements of coal mine safety construction production and fill mining of the trapezoidal roadside support body are provided.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the roadside support body is a roadside built waste rock wall of a gob-side entry retaining, the side face of the waste rock wall is of a right-angle trapezoidal structure, the waste rock wall is formed by stacking waste rock bags filled with waste rocks, a plurality of double-end threaded anchor rods are transversely arranged in each waste rock bag at intervals, a metal net is arranged on the outer side of each waste rock wall formed by stacking the waste rock bags, and a concrete layer is arranged on each metal net to ensure the strength and the stability of the roadside support body.
When the height of the roadside support body is 2.73-4.37 m, the width-height ratio is 1:1, the included angle between the inclined waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees, and the length of the upper bottom is 2.5-4 m.
When the height of the roadside support body is less than 2.73m, the length of the upper bottom side is 2.5m, and the included angle between the inclined waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees; when the height of the roadside support body is more than 4.37m, the length of the upper bottom edge is 4m, and the included angle between the oblique waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees.
A filling mining trapezoidal roadside support method comprises the following steps:
a. in the process of forming a gob-side entry retaining at the edge of a gob, respectively arranging a group of roadside support bodies 3 at two sides of a preset gob filling body, and filling gangue generated in the mining process into a gangue bag for later use;
b. the method comprises the following steps of utilizing a wood template to overlap a supporting body mold at the position of a supporting body, so as to fix the shape of the trapezoidal roadside supporting body and ensure that the oblique waist angle of the wood template is 75-85 degrees;
c. the method comprises the steps of pressing waste rock bags from inside to outside in sequence from bottom to top in a supporting body mold, stacking the waste rock bags in a pressing mode, ensuring that the supporting body mold is filled with the waste rock bags, enabling the waste rock bags to be connected with a working face top plate in a propping mode, and enabling the waste rock bags to be stressed uniformly, finally forming a waste rock bag wall body, respectively arranging metal nets on two sides of each waste rock bag to cover the whole waste rock bag wall surface along with the waste rock bag pressing and stacking process, filling the waste rock bags firstly, and then laying the metal nets so as to adjust the positions of the metal nets and match the waste rock bags conveniently;
d. the method comprises the following steps of transversely constructing double-thread anchor rods in a waste rock bag wall, installing four anchor rods, wherein the height of a roadside support body is more than 3.5m, the height of the roadside support body is less than 3.5m, installing three anchor rods, the distance between the uppermost anchor rod and a top plate is 0.5m, the distance between the lowermost anchor rod and a bottom plate is 1m, and the rest anchor rods are uniformly distributed and installed in the middle; mounting a group of anchor rods at intervals of the length of the cut depth;
e. after the metal mesh laying and the anchor rod installation are completed, removing a supporting body mold formed by a wood template, spraying concrete to the gangue bag wall for reinforcement, wherein the spraying sequence is first-down spraying, then-up spraying and layered spraying, so that the metal mesh, the anchor rod and the gangue bag wall are reinforced into a whole, the strength and the stability of the gangue bag wall are improved, and a group of roadside supporting bodies are completed;
f. and (4) after completing a group of roadside supporting bodies, filling the goaf in the supporting bodies, and repeating the steps along with the advancing of the working surface until the filling stoping of the whole working surface is completed.
g. And after the filling and recovery of all working faces of the mining area are finished, recovering the protective coal pillars at the boundary of the mining area by using a common solid dense filling coal mining method.
The circulation step distance of each group of roadside support bodies is the length of one-time depth cutting.
Has the advantages that: the invention introduces a filling mining trapezoid roadside support body, which has a simple construction process, can provide active lateral supporting force and has good strength and stability. The piled gangue wall is used as a roadside support body, so that solid gangue waste in a mining area can be reasonably treated, various coal pillar resources can be recycled, and the extraction rate of coal resources is improved. The use of the solid waste rock is beneficial to reducing the environmental pollution of the mining area, protecting the environment of the mining area and promoting the sustainable green development of the mining area. The method is simple and has good popularization and application prospects.
The filling mining trapezoidal roadside support body has the advantages that the shape of the section of the support body is innovated and changed into the trapezoidal section, and the shape can provide active lateral supporting force, so that the deformation of the roadside support body is effectively reduced, the strength and the stability of the support body are ensured, solid wastes such as gangue and the like can be utilized, the extraction rate of coal resources is improved, and the ecological environment of a mining area is protected. Can obtain good economic, social and environmental benefits, and has important practical significance and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a packing mining trapezoidal roadside support arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction process of the trapezoidal roadside support body of the filling mining trapezoidal roadside support of the invention.
In the figure: 1-a coal body; 2-gob-side entry retaining; 3-a roadside support; 4-goaf filling body; 5-opening the working surface; 6-protecting coal pillars at mining area boundaries; 7-filling the coal face; 8-working face top plate; 9-working face bottom plate; 10-double thread type anchor rod; 11-a metal mesh; 12-a gangue bag; 13-concrete layer.
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a filling coal face system, which introduces the layout position of a trapezoidal roadside support body, implements a gob-side entry retaining technology at the edge of a gob, and performs dense filling in the gob while using a built waste rock wall as the trapezoidal roadside support body of the gob-side entry retaining. The coal mining, the building of the roadside support body and the dense filling of the gob are well matched.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the trapezoidal roadside support body of the invention, and the shape of the roadside support body is shown in the diagram, and the position relation between the roadside support body and a goaf (dense filling) and a gob-side entry retaining is shown in the figure. The method introduces a building mode of the roadside support body, and uses metal meshes, anchor rods and concrete to reinforce the roadside support body so as to ensure the stability and strength of the roadside support body.
Detailed Description
The implementation of the invention is further described below in connection with a panel:
as shown in fig. 1, a filling mining trapezoid roadside supporter is characterized in that: the roadside support body 3 is a roadside built gangue wall arranged between a gob-side entry retaining 2 and a gob-side filling body 4, the side face of the gangue wall is of a right-angle trapezoid structure, the gangue wall is formed by stacking gangue bags 12 filled with gangue, a plurality of double-end thread type anchor rods 10 are transversely arranged in the gangue bags 12 at intervals, a metal mesh 11 is arranged on the outer side of the gangue wall formed by stacking the gangue bags 12, a concrete layer 13 is sprayed on the metal mesh 11 to ensure the strength and stability of the roadside support body 3, when the height of the roadside support body 3 is 2.73-4.37 m, the width-height ratio is 1:1, the included angle between the inclined waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees, the length of the upper bottom is 2.5-4 m, when the height of the roadside support body 3 is less than 2.73m, the length of the upper bottom is 2.5m, and the included angle between the inclined waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees; when the height of the roadside support body 3 is more than 4.37m, the length of the upper bottom edge is 4m, and the included angle between the oblique waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees.
A filling mining trapezoidal roadside support method comprises the following steps:
a. arranging a normal working face, wherein the normal working face comprises a coal body 1 right in front of the working face, gob-side entry retaining 2 on two sides of the working face, a gob-side filling body 4 is arranged between the gob-side entry retaining 2, a filling coal working face 7 is arranged between the gob-side filling body 4 and the coal body 1, a working face open-off hole 5 right behind the working face and a mining area boundary protection coal pillar 6 arranged behind the working face open-off hole 5, a group of roadside support bodies 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the preset gob-side filling body 4 in the process of forming the gob-side entry retaining 2 at the edge of the gob, and gangue generated in the mining process is filled into a gangue bag 12 for later use;
b. the wooden template is used for overlapping a supporting body mold on the position of the supporting body, so that the shape of the trapezoidal roadside supporting body 3 is fixed, and the oblique waist angle of the wooden template is ensured to be 75-85 degrees;
c. the waste rock bag 12 is built in a supporting body mold in a stubble pressing and stacking sequence from inside to outside, from bottom to top, the supporting body mold is fully filled and abutted from a working face bottom plate 9 to a working face top plate 8 by the waste rock bag 12, the stress is uniform, a wall body of the waste rock bag 12 is finally formed, metal nets 11 are respectively arranged on two sides of the waste rock bag 12 to cover the wall surface of the whole waste rock bag 12 along with the process of building the waste rock bag 12 in a stubble pressing and stacking process, the position of the metal net 11 is convenient to adjust and the position of the metal net 11 is convenient to match with the waste rock bag 12 by filling the waste rock bag 12 and then laying the metal nets 11;
d. the method comprises the following steps of transversely constructing double-thread anchor rods 10 in a wall body of a waste rock bag 12, installing four anchor rods when the height of a roadside support body 3 is larger than 3.5m, installing three anchor rods when the height of the roadside support body 3 is smaller than 3.5m, enabling the uppermost anchor rod to be 0.5m away from a top plate and the lowermost anchor rod to be 1m away from a bottom plate, and uniformly distributing and installing the rest anchor rods in the middle; mounting a group of anchor rods at intervals of the length of the cut depth;
e. after the laying of the metal mesh 11 and the installation of the anchor rod are completed, a supporting body mold formed by a wood template is removed, concrete is sprayed to the wall body of the waste rock bag 12 for reinforcement, the spraying sequence is first lower, then upper and layered spraying, so that the metal mesh 11, the anchor rod and the wall body of the waste rock bag 12 are integrally reinforced, the strength and the stability of the wall body of the waste rock bag 12 are improved, and a group of roadside supporting bodies 3 are completed;
f. after a group of roadside supporting bodies 3 is completed, goaf filling is carried out in the supporting bodies, the steps are repeated along with the advancing of the working face until the filling and stoping of the whole working face are completed, and the circulation step distance of each group of roadside supporting bodies 3 is the length of one-time cut-in;
g. and after the filling and recovery of all working faces of the mining area are finished, recovering the boundary protection coal pillars 6 of the mining area by using a common solid dense filling coal mining method.
In the process of forming the gob-side entry retaining 2 at the edge of the gob, the built waste rock wall is a roadside support body 3 of the gob-side entry retaining, and the cycle step distance of the built waste rock wall is 0.8 m. Before the gangue wall is built, the wood formworks of the supporting body are formed in an overlapping mode, and the oblique waist angle of each wood formwork is 80 degrees. And building a gangue wall quickly before filling the goaf. The waste rock wall is built by pressing the waste rocks from inside to outside and from bottom to top in sequence in a mode of filling the woven bags with the waste rocks and manually stacking the waste rocks. The final height is 3m, and the plate is in complete contact with the top plate and the bottom plate and is uniformly stressed. Along with the building of the gangue wall, a metal net 11 is laid to cover the whole gangue wall surface, and a double-thread type anchor rod 10 is installed.
And after the gangue wall with one step is built, the metal mesh 11 is laid and the anchor rod is installed, and then concrete is sprayed to the gangue wall for reinforcement. The spraying sequence is that the spraying is performed in a first-down, first-up and layer-by-layer mode, the metal net 11, the anchor rod and the gangue wall are reinforced into a whole, and the strength and the stability of the gangue wall are improved.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a fill mining trapezoidal roadside supporter which characterized in that: the roadside support body is a roadside built waste rock wall of a gob-side entry retaining, the side face of the waste rock wall is of a right-angle trapezoid structure, a right-angle edge is arranged on one side of the gob-side entry retaining, an inclined waist is arranged on one side of a goaf filling body, the waste rock wall is formed by stacking waste rock bags filled with waste rocks, a plurality of double-end threaded anchor rods are transversely arranged in each waste rock bag at intervals, a metal net is arranged on the outer side of each waste rock wall formed by stacking the waste rock bags, and a concrete layer is arranged on each metal net to ensure the strength and the stability of the roadside support body; when the height of the roadside support body is 2.73-4.37 m, the width-height ratio is 1:1, the included angle between the oblique waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees, and the length of the upper bottom is 2.5-4 m; when the height of the roadside support body is smaller than 2.73m, the length of the upper bottom edge is 2.5m, and the included angle between the oblique waist and the lower bottom edge is 75-85 degrees; when the height of the roadside support body is larger than 4.37m, the length of the upper bottom side is 4m, and the included angle between the inclined waist and the lower bottom is 75-85 degrees.
2. A support method using the cut-and-fill trapezoidal roadside support body of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
a. in the process of forming a gob-side entry retaining at the edge of a gob, respectively arranging a group of roadside support bodies at two sides of a preset gob filling body, and filling gangue generated in the mining process into a gangue bag for later use;
b. overlapping a support body mold on the position of the roadside support body by using a wood template so as to fix the shape of the trapezoidal roadside support body and ensure that the inclined waist angle of the roadside support body is 75-85 degrees;
c. the method comprises the steps of pressing waste rock bags from inside to outside in sequence from bottom to top in a supporting body mold, stacking the waste rock bags in a pressing mode, ensuring that the supporting body mold is filled with the waste rock bags, enabling the waste rock bags to be connected with a working face top plate in a propping mode, and enabling the waste rock bags to be stressed uniformly, finally forming a waste rock bag wall body, respectively arranging metal nets on two sides of each waste rock bag to cover the whole waste rock bag wall surface along with the waste rock bag pressing and stacking process, filling the waste rock bags firstly, then laying the metal nets, and facilitating adjustment of the positions of the metal nets and matching of the metal nets and the waste rock;
d. the method comprises the following steps of transversely constructing double-thread anchor rods in a waste rock bag wall, installing four anchor rods, wherein the height of a roadside support body is more than 3.5m, the height of the roadside support body is less than 3.5m, installing three anchor rods, the distance between the uppermost anchor rod and a top plate is 0.5m, the distance between the lowermost anchor rod and a bottom plate is 1m, and the rest anchor rods are uniformly distributed and installed in the middle; mounting a group of anchor rods at intervals of the length of the cut depth;
e. after the metal mesh laying and the anchor rod installation are completed, removing a supporting body mold formed by a wood template, spraying concrete to the gangue bag wall body for reinforcement, wherein the spraying sequence is first-down spraying, then-up spraying and layered spraying, so that the metal mesh, the anchor rod and the gangue bag wall body are reinforced into a whole, the strength and the stability of the gangue bag wall body are improved, and a group of roadside supporting bodies are completed;
f. after a group of roadside supporting bodies is completed, filling a goaf in the supporting bodies, and repeating the steps along with the advancing of the working surface until the filling stoping of the whole working surface is completed;
g. after filling and recovery of all working faces of a mining area are finished, recovering protective coal pillars at the boundary of the mining area by using a common solid dense filling coal mining method;
the circulation step distance of each group of the roadside support bodies is the length of one-time depth interception.
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| CN201811298968.1A CN109209485B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Filling mining trapezoid roadside support body and support method |
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| CN201811298968.1A CN109209485B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Filling mining trapezoid roadside support body and support method |
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| CN109736880B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2021-01-08 | 长安大学 | Filling body for coal mining and preparation method and process thereof |
| CN112431630B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-10-14 | 河南理工大学 | Resistance-increasing type large-deformation gob-side entry retaining roadside support structure and construction method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102278140A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-14 | 徐州贝壳迈宁矿业科技有限公司 | Gob-side entry retaining method for solid filling coal mining building gangue wall |
| CN102383857A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-03-21 | 徐州贝壳迈宁矿业科技有限公司 | Gob-side entry retaining process for solid-filling, coal-mining and laying gangue wall |
| CN102661169A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-12 | 山东科技大学 | Gob-side entry retaining method for anchor bolt network gangue bag wall body for coal mining without pillars |
| CN104088662A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Construction method of gob-side entry retaining wall of solid filling coal mining |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016101449A4 (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2016-09-08 | Evolution Resource Group Pty Ltd | Method and apparatus for creating a void for underground mining |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102278140A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-14 | 徐州贝壳迈宁矿业科技有限公司 | Gob-side entry retaining method for solid filling coal mining building gangue wall |
| CN102383857A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-03-21 | 徐州贝壳迈宁矿业科技有限公司 | Gob-side entry retaining process for solid-filling, coal-mining and laying gangue wall |
| CN102661169A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-12 | 山东科技大学 | Gob-side entry retaining method for anchor bolt network gangue bag wall body for coal mining without pillars |
| CN104088662A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Construction method of gob-side entry retaining wall of solid filling coal mining |
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