CN112429425A

CN112429425A - Garbage classification device

Info

Publication number: CN112429425A
Application number: CN202011370030.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦涛; 杨沫; 王乙坤; 马渊明; 任鹏; 刘鹏
Original assignee: Hubei University of Arts and Science
Current assignee: Hubei University of Arts and Science
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Also published as: CN216763006U

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage classification device, which comprises a storage decomposition device: the device is used for filtering and scattering delivered garbage; lifting the conveying device: the drying and carding device is used for lifting and conveying the scattered garbage to the drying and carding device; drying and carding: used for drying and combing the garbage; visual sorting device: the vision sorting device is used for visually sorting the garbage after the combing treatment; the residual garbage receiving device: for receiving the remaining trash after the visual sorting. According to the invention, the household garbage mixed together is fully separated through the treatment of filtering, scattering, drying and combing the household garbage, and the automatic classification of the household garbage is realized by utilizing a visual identification and sorting mode.

Description

Garbage classification device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a garbage classification device, and belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment.

Background

With the acceleration of the modern urbanization process, the types and the quantity of garbage are increased, so that more and more garbage need to be cleaned in a centralized manner. At present, the common garbage classification is to put garbage classification at the source and change the garbage classification into resources again through the classified clearing and recycling. In view of the method of classifying domestic waste in various cities at home and abroad, the domestic waste is classified according to the composition and the amount of waste produced and in combination with the treatment method of resource utilization of local waste. However, due to the fact that mixed garbage is numerous and people often pack various garbage including wet garbage or dry and wet mixed garbage together, classification of the garbage becomes difficult, the cost of manual scattering and carding is increased, and the garbage sorting efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a garbage sorting device and solves the technical problems that manual scattering, combing and sorting of garbage are difficult and the garbage sorting efficiency is low in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a garbage classification device, comprising: the device is used for filtering and scattering delivered garbage; lifting the conveying device: the drying and carding device is used for lifting and conveying the scattered garbage to the drying and carding device; drying and carding: used for drying and combing the garbage; visual sorting device: the vision sorting device is used for visually sorting the garbage after the combing treatment; the residual garbage receiving device: for receiving the remaining trash after the visual sorting.

Further, the storage decomposition device comprises a feeding storage space, the feeding storage space is provided with a garbage feeding port, the bottom of the feeding storage space is provided with a water filtering plate, and the bottom of the water filtering plate is provided with a filtrate collecting container; the side of feeding storage space is equipped with rubbish discharging channel, rubbish discharging channel's feed inlet is located the upper portion of drainage board, rubbish discharging channel's inside is equipped with the rubbish stirring and breaks up the mechanism.

Further, the garbage stirring and scattering mechanism comprises a stirring motor, a stirring shaft and a plurality of stirring rods arranged on the stirring shaft, and an output shaft of the stirring motor is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft through a speed reducer.

Further, the water filtering plate is obliquely arranged, and the height of the water filtering plate gradually becomes lower along the direction close to the garbage discharging channel.

Furthermore, promote conveyor and include the conveyer belt, the conveyer belt is around locating on the conveyer belt support, be equipped with the promotion conveying unit who is used for driving the conveyer belt on the conveyer belt support.

Furthermore, a plurality of conveying baffles are arranged on the conveying belt at equal intervals.

Further, the drying and carding device comprises a drying box which is arranged in a downward inclined mode, a drying fan and an air outlet hole are arranged on the drying box, and a feed inlet of the drying box is in butt joint with a discharge outlet of the lifting and conveying device; the discharge gate of stoving case contracts along ejection of compact direction gradually, still is equipped with a plurality of broach in the discharge gate of stoving case.

Furthermore, the broach is the wedge, and the broach cross section is crescent along the ejection of compact direction.

Furthermore, the visual sorting device comprises a sorting table, a visual identification module and a sorting conveyor belt, wherein the visual identification module and the sorting conveyor belt are arranged on the sorting table, a plurality of sorting scraping plates are arranged at the upper part of the sorting conveyor belt, a sorting cylinder and a sorting garbage can are respectively arranged corresponding to each sorting scraping plate, and the visual identification module is in signal connection with each sorting cylinder; the output shaft of letter sorting cylinder is equipped with the rubbish kicking block, the rubbish kicking block is under the drive of letter sorting cylinder, through the direction of letter sorting scraper blade, with all kinds of rubbish propelling movement that vision recognition module discerned to corresponding garbage bin in.

Further, the residual garbage receiving device comprises a recovery scraper and a recovery garbage can; retrieve the scraper blade slope setting, go up the border and laminate mutually with the end of letter sorting conveyer belt, the lower border extends to the feed inlet direction of retrieving the garbage bin.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

store the domestic waste that decomposition device will deliver and carry out preliminary filtrating, break up the processing, realized rubbish and the initial segregation of filtrating, reduced the artifical cost of breaking up the comb and dividing, be convenient for follow-up letter sorting to rubbish is handled, has improved letter sorting efficiency.

The drying and carding device is used for carrying out secondary drying and carding treatment on the garbage after solid-liquid separation, so that the garbage and the residual filtrate are thoroughly separated, primary classification of the garbage passing through the drying and carding device is realized according to the attribute of the garbage, sufficient sorting conditions are provided for visual sorting, and the sorting efficiency is improved.

The bottom of the feeding storage space is provided with a water filtering plate, the bottom of the water filtering plate is provided with a filtrate collecting container, and the garbage enters the storage space and is collected into the filtrate collecting container through the water filtering plate, so that preliminary solid-liquid separation is realized, the filtered solid garbage is easy to break up and treat subsequently, and the water filtering plate is arranged obliquely, so that the solid garbage is favorably rolled;

a plurality of conveying baffles are arranged on the conveying belt at equal intervals, and the conveying quantity of the household garbage can be controlled by mutually matching the conveying baffles at equal intervals with the inclined upward conveying sections;

a discharge port of the drying box is provided with a plurality of comb teeth, and garbage is subjected to secondary solid-liquid separation in the drying box and then is preliminarily classified through the comb teeth according to the characteristics of self weight and appearance;

sorting conveyer belt upper portion is equipped with a plurality of letter sorting scraper blades, and every letter sorting scraper blade is equipped with corresponding letter sorting garbage bin respectively, and all kinds of rubbish that vision recognition module discerned are in the garbage bin of corresponding through letter sorting scraper blade direction with rubbish propelling movement under the effect of letter sorting cylinder.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of an automatic household garbage sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the storage decomposition device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the storage decomposition device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lifting conveyor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the drying and carding device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is another angle structure diagram of the drying and carding device;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the visual recognition sorting apparatus and the remaining garbage receiving apparatus of fig. 1;

fig. 8 is another angle structure diagram of the visual recognition sorting device and the residual garbage receiving device.

In the figure: 1. a storage decomposition device; 11. a feed storage space; 111. a refuse delivery port; 112. a water filter plate; 113. a waste discharge channel; 12. a filtrate collection vessel; 13. a garbage stirring and scattering mechanism; 131. a stirring motor; 132. a reduction gear; 133. a stirring shaft; 134. a stirring rod; 2. lifting the conveying device; 21. a conveyor belt; 22 a belt support; 23 lifting the conveying unit; 24. a conveying baffle; 3. a drying and combing device; 31. a feed inlet; 32. a drying box; 33. a drying fan; 34. an air outlet; 35. a plurality of comb teeth; 36. a discharge port; 4. a vision sorting device; 41. a sorting table; 42. a visual recognition module; 43. sorting a conveyor belt; 44. sorting a scraper plate; 45. a sorting cylinder; 451. an output shaft; 452. a garbage top block; 46. sorting the garbage cans; 5. a remaining garbage receiving device; 51. recovering the scraper plate; 52. and (6) recovering the garbage can.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

As shown in the attached drawings, the garbage classification device comprises a storage decomposition device 1, a lifting and conveying device 2, a drying and carding device 3, a vision sorting device 4 and a residual garbage receiving device 5, wherein the storage decomposition device 1 is used for filtering and scattering delivered garbage, the lifting and conveying device 2 is used for lifting and conveying scattered garbage to the drying and carding device 3, the drying and carding device 3 is used for drying and carding and processing the garbage, the vision sorting device 4 is used for visually sorting the garbage subjected to carding and processing, and the residual garbage receiving device 5 is used for receiving residual garbage subjected to vision sorting.

Specifically, the garbage classification device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

after the garbage enters the feeding and storing space 11 from the garbage feeding port 111, the lower water filtering plate 112 filters out liquid components in the garbage, the stirring and scattering mechanism 13 between the leakage hole and the garbage discharging channel 113 starts to work, the plastic package is broken, the garbage is scattered, and then the garbage enters the next link from the garbage discharging channel 113;

the garbage is lifted and transported by the lifting and transporting device 2, and the lifting and transporting device 2 controls the transporting amount of the garbage in the process;

the garbage is lifted and transported to enter a drying and combing device 3, the garbage is further dried and separated under the action of a drying fan, and preliminary classification is realized through the comb teeth according to different garbage weights and appearances;

the garbage after the preliminary classification enters a visual identification module 42 along a sorting conveyor belt 43, and the garbage is pushed into a corresponding sorting garbage can 46 by identifying the type of the garbage and matching with a sorting cylinder 45;

the residual garbage is scraped into the recovery garbage can 52 by the sorting scraper 51 along the sorting conveyor 43.

The garbage classification device provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with a storage decomposition device 1, the storage decomposition device 1 comprises a feeding storage space 11, the feeding storage space 11 is provided with a garbage delivery port 111, the bottom of the feeding storage space 11 is provided with a water filtering plate 112, and garbage can realize preliminary solid-liquid separation through the water filtering plate 112, so that subsequent scattering treatment on solid garbage is facilitated; the bottom of the water filtering plate 112 is provided with a filtrate collecting container 12 which can be used for collecting the filtrate of the garbage permeating into the water filtering plate 112; the side of feeding storage space 11 is equipped with rubbish discharging channel 113, the discharge gate of rubbish discharging channel 113 is located the lower part of drainage plate 112, the inside of rubbish discharging channel 113 is equipped with rubbish stirring and breaks up mechanism 13.

In one embodiment, the garbage feeding port 111 is disposed on one side of the feeding and storing space 11 opposite to the garbage discharging channel 113, and the water filtering plate 112 is provided with a water filtering hole, which is offset from the garbage feeding port 111 side, so as to filter out liquid components in the household garbage; a filtrate collecting container 12 is arranged under the water filtering plate 112, so that the filtered filtrate is completely collected in the filtrate collecting container 12; still be equipped with the rubbish stirring on the drainage plate 112 and break up mechanism 13, the rubbish stirring is broken up mechanism 13 and is laid between drainage hole and rubbish discharging channel 113, is convenient for directly break up the solid waste after preliminary solid-liquid separation and handles. It should be understood that the initial sorting of the waste may be filtering and then breaking up or breaking up and then filtering. Therefore, according to an embodiment, the water filtering plate 112 is provided with a garbage stirring and scattering mechanism 13, and the garbage stirring and scattering mechanism 13 is offset from the garbage feeding port 111 side, so that the fed garbage can be scattered first; the water filtering plate 112 is further provided with water filtering holes, the water filtering holes are distributed between the garbage stirring and scattering mechanism 13 and the garbage discharging channel 113, and the filtrate collecting container 12 is arranged right below the water filtering holes.

In one embodiment, the water filtering plate 112 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the height of the water filtering plate 112 gradually becomes lower along the direction close to the garbage discharging channel 113 and forms an included angle of 40 degrees with the horizontal plane, so that the solid garbage after primary separation can fall off conveniently.

In one embodiment, the garbage stirring and scattering mechanism 13 includes a stirring motor 131, a stirring shaft 133, and a plurality of stirring rods 134 disposed on the stirring shaft 133, wherein the stirring rods 134 are horizontally embedded in a collar by a plurality of horizontal rods and are fixed on the rotating shaft by the collar; the straight rods are distributed in a horizontal sector shape, and the included angles of two adjacent straight rods are equal; the output shaft of the stirring motor 131 is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft 133 through a speed reducer 132, and the speed reducer 132 can select worm gear transmission speed reduction or gear transmission speed reduction.

The garbage classification device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a lifting and conveying device 2, wherein the lifting and conveying device 2 comprises a conveying belt 21, a plurality of conveying baffles 24 are arranged on the conveying belt 21 at equal intervals, the conveying amount of the household garbage is controlled by the conveying belt baffles 24 matched with an inclined upward conveying section, the conveying belt 21 is wound on a conveying belt support 22, and a lifting and conveying unit 23 for driving the conveying belt is arranged on the conveying belt support 22.

The garbage classification device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a drying and carding device 3, wherein the drying and carding device 3 comprises a drying box 32 which is arranged in a downward inclination manner, the downward inclination is arranged to facilitate the garbage to roll down when secondary solid-liquid separation is carried out, a drying fan 33 and an air outlet 34 are arranged on the drying box 32, and a feed inlet 31 of the drying box 32 is butted with a discharge outlet of a lifting and conveying device 2; the discharge gate 36 of stoving case 32 contracts along ejection of compact direction gradually, still is equipped with a plurality of broach 35 in the discharge gate 36 of stoving case 32, realizes the preliminary classification to rubbish.

In one embodiment, the drying fan 33 and the air outlet 34 are correspondingly arranged at the side of the drying box 32, the air supply direction of the drying fan 33 is perpendicular to the garbage movement direction, the discharge port 36 of the drying box 32 gradually shrinks along the discharge direction, and the cross section profile of the discharge port is trapezoidal; the comb teeth 35 are fixedly arranged at the junction of the drying box 32 and the discharge port 36, the comb teeth are wedge-shaped, and the cross sections of the comb teeth are gradually increased along the discharge direction; the garbage conveyed by lifting is further dried and separated by hot air blown laterally in the falling process of the drying box 32, the garbage can reach the bottom according to the weight and the appearance of the garbage to generate successive difference, and then preliminary classification is realized by the comb teeth at the bottom of the drying box 32 and the discharge hole 36.

The garbage classification device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a visual sorting device 4, wherein the visual sorting device 4 comprises a sorting table 41, a visual recognition module 42 and a sorting conveyor belt 43, the visual recognition module 42 and the sorting conveyor belt 43 are arranged on the sorting table 41, specifically, the width of an inlet of the visual recognition module 42 is slightly larger than the width of a discharge port 36 of a drying and carding device 3, a plurality of sorting scrapers 44 are arranged at the upper part of the sorting conveyor belt 43, a sorting cylinder 45 and a sorting garbage bin 46 are respectively arranged at two sides of each sorting scraper 44, the reciprocating direction of the sorting cylinder 45 is vertical to the horizontal conveying direction of the sorting conveyor belt 43, the opening of the sorting garbage bin 46 is upward, the positions of the sorting cylinder 45 and the sorting garbage bin 46 can be interchanged, and the visual recognition module 42 is in; the output shaft 451 of the sorting cylinder 45 is further provided with a garbage ejecting block 452, garbage after drying and combing enters the visual recognition module 42 through the sorting conveying belt 43, the visual recognition module 42 recognizes different types of garbage according to artificial intelligence and big data analysis and transmits electric signals to the sorting cylinder 45, and finally the garbage ejecting block 452 pushes various types of garbage recognized by the visual recognition module 42 to the corresponding sorting garbage can 46 under the driving of the sorting cylinder 45 and through the guiding of the sorting scraper 44.

The garbage classification device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a residual garbage receiving device 5, wherein the residual garbage receiving device 5 comprises a recovery scraper 51 and a recovery garbage can 52; specifically, retrieve scraper blade 51 width and the letter sorting conveyer belt 43 width of vision sorting device 4 and match, retrieve scraper blade 51 slope setting, the surplus rubbish of being convenient for falls, retrieves scraper blade 51 front end and the terminal laminating of letter sorting conveyer belt 43 mutually, retrieve scraper blade 51 end and extend to the feed inlet direction of retrieving garbage bin 52, scrape into in retrieving garbage bin 52 through retrieving scraper blade 51 when surplus rubbish is carried to letter sorting conveyer belt 43 afterbody.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste sorting device, comprising:

storage decomposition device (1): the device is used for filtering and scattering delivered garbage;

lifting and conveying device (2): the drying and carding device is used for lifting and conveying the scattered garbage to the drying and carding device;

drying and carding device (3): used for drying and combing the garbage;

visual sorting device (4): the vision sorting device is used for visually sorting the garbage after the combing treatment;

remaining garbage receiving device (5): for receiving the remaining trash after the visual sorting.

2. A waste sorting device according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the storage and decomposition device comprises a feed storage space (11) provided with a waste feeding opening (111), the bottom of which is provided with a water filter plate (112) provided with a filtrate collection container (12); the side of feeding storage space is equipped with rubbish discharging channel (113), rubbish discharging channel's feed inlet is located the upper portion of drainage board, rubbish discharging channel's inside is equipped with rubbish stirring and breaks up mechanism (13).

3. The waste sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the waste stirring and scattering mechanism comprises a stirring motor (131), a stirring shaft (133) and a plurality of stirring rods (134) arranged on the stirring shaft, and an output shaft of the stirring motor is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft through a speed reducer (132).

4. A waste sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the drainage plate is inclined such that the height of the plate decreases in a direction towards the waste outlet channel.

5. Waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the lifting conveyor comprises a conveyor belt (21) which is wound on a conveyor belt support (22) on which a lifting conveyor unit (23) for driving the conveyor belt is arranged.

6. A waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterised in that the conveyor belt is provided with conveyor baffles (24) at equally spaced intervals.

7. The garbage classification device according to claim 1, wherein the drying and combing device comprises a drying box (32) which is arranged in a downward inclination manner, a drying fan (33) and an air outlet (34) are arranged on the drying box, and a feeding port (31) of the drying box is butted with a discharging port of the lifting and conveying device; the discharge gate (36) of stoving case contracts along the ejection of compact direction gradually, still is equipped with a plurality of broach (35) in the discharge gate of stoving case.

8. The waste sorting device according to claim 7, wherein the teeth are wedge-shaped, the cross-section of the teeth increasing in the direction of discharge.

9. The waste sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the visual sorting device comprises a sorting table (41), a visual recognition module (42) and a sorting conveyor belt (43), the visual recognition module is arranged on the sorting table, the sorting conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of sorting scrapers (44) at the upper part, a sorting cylinder (45) and a sorting garbage bin (46) are respectively arranged corresponding to each sorting scraper, and the visual recognition module is connected with each sorting cylinder in a signal way; output shaft (451) of letter sorting cylinder are equipped with rubbish kicking block (452), the rubbish kicking block is under the drive of letter sorting cylinder, through the direction of letter sorting scraper blade, with the all kinds of rubbish propelling movement of visual identification module discernment to corresponding garbage bin in.

10. A waste sorting device according to claim 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the residual waste receiving means comprise a recycling scraper (51) and a recycling bin (52); retrieve the scraper blade slope setting, go up the border and laminate mutually with the end of letter sorting conveyer belt, the lower border extends to the feed inlet direction of retrieving the garbage bin.