CN112424180B - 用于获得高变亮速度的具有特殊取代基的光致变色的稠合萘并吡喃体系 - Google Patents
用于获得高变亮速度的具有特殊取代基的光致变色的稠合萘并吡喃体系 Download PDFInfo
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- VCMLCMCXCRBSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-benzo[f]chromene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=CCO3)C3=CC=C21 VCMLCMCXCRBSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 hydroxy, tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy, tert-butyldibenzoyloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 25
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004605 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(NCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004607 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003725 azepanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000037 tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[Si]([H])([*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- HVBHEPYJVAMWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethylindene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C=CC2=C1 HVBHEPYJVAMWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000532 dioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KYNSBQPICQTCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzopyrane Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=CCOC2=C1 KYNSBQPICQTCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- UEOGLANRPZAEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N indeno-naphthopyran Chemical group O1C=CC=C2C3=C4C=C(C=CC=C5)C5=C4C=CC3=CC=C21 UEOGLANRPZAEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- MMYKTRPLXXWLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-ethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCBr MMYKTRPLXXWLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000850 2H-chromenyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004080 3-carboxypropanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(O[H])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005603 alternating copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002911 monocyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B69/00—Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
- C09B69/10—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
- C09B69/109—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds containing other specific dyes
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/92—Naphthopyrans; Hydrogenated naphthopyrans
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/94—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
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- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有特定取代基R的新型光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃体系,通过其可获得快速的变亮速度而不损害激发后的变暗深度,并且还涉及其在所有类型的塑料中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有特定取代基R1的新型光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃体系,其可用于获得非常快速的变亮速度,而不损害激发后的变暗深度,并且还涉及其在所有种类塑料中的用途。
背景技术
很长一段时间以来,已知有各种类型的染料在用UVA光(尤其是太阳光)照射时会可逆地改变颜色。其根本原因是光能量导致这些染料分子转变为受激状态(“打开形式”),当能量供应中断时,它们再次离开该状态,恢复到其初始状态(“关闭形式”)。在这些光致变色染料中有各种具有核心吡喃结构的体系,其在现有技术中已被描述为具有各种母体体系和取代基。
吡喃,特别是萘并吡喃及其衍生的较大的环体系,是目前应用最广泛的一类光致变色化合物。尽管第一项专利早在1966年就已提交(美国专利3,567,605),但直到20世纪90年代,才能够开发出似乎适合用于眼镜镜片的化合物。一类合适的吡喃化合物是,例如,2,2-二芳基-2H-萘并[1,2-b]吡喃或3,3-二芳基-3H-萘并[2,1-b]吡喃,其在激发形式下具有从黄色到红色的不同变暗颜色(darkening color)。
从这些母体体系衍生,人们对稠合的萘并吡喃产生了极大的兴趣,其借助于大的环体系吸收更长的波长并产生紫色和蓝色变暗颜色。通常用于这些目的的是邻位具有额外桥连的苯环—在此处给出的本发明的化合物中,对于式(I)化合物,取代基R6和R7的桥连,或者对于式(II)化合物,取代基R10、R11和R12的桥连。
在存在单原子桥的情况下,如在本发明的式(I)化合物的情况下,结果是与萘并吡喃稠合的五元环。在EP 0 792 468和EP 0 906 366中发现了碳桥原子(“茚并萘并吡喃”)的实例,在EP 0 946 536中也发现了氧桥原子的实例。
EP 0 912 908、EP 2 457 915、EP 2 471 794、EP 2 684 886、EP 2 788 340和EP2 872 517描述了包含至少一个另外的与核心茚并萘并吡喃结构稠合的环体系的化合物。
当存在双原子桥时,如在本发明式(II)化合物的情况下,结果是与萘并吡喃稠合的六元环。EP 1 119 560中描述了具有由两个碳原子组成的桥的化合物。最近的相关申请为EP 2 829 537和EP 3 010 924。
EP 1 097 156描述了具有由一个碳原子和一个氧原子组成的双原子桥的化合物,EP 2 178 883和EP 2 760 869也是如此。
EP 1 112 264中描述的体系包括具有相对较长聚烷氧基取代基的茚并萘并吡喃体系(没有进一步稠合)。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种光致变色的染料,其特征在于非常快速的变亮速度,而不损害激发后的变暗深度。
该目的通过权利要求中所述的主题实现。
更具体地,提供通式(I)和(II)的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃:
其中基团R1或R1和R3各自彼此独立地表示以下部分:
其中,基团R13为氢或甲基,基团R14为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基、苯基、苄基、联苯基、萘基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基的取代基;n为0至1的整数,p为3至50的整数;
或者,如果R13是甲基,则R14也可以是-(CH2-CH2)q-OR15部分,在这种情况下,基团R15可选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、苯基、苄基或联苯基,并且q是1至20的整数;和
在每种情况下,基团R2、R3和R4彼此独立地为选自如下的取代基:氢、溴、氯、氟、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、(C1–C6)-硫代烷基、(C1–C18)-烷氧基、羟基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基、叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧基、三氟甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、苯氧基、4-甲氧基苯氧基、苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、苄氧基、4-甲氧基苄氧基、联苯基、联苯基氧基、萘基、萘氧基、单-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基、二-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基、苯氨基、(C1–C6)-烷基-苯氨基、二苯氨基、(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基、((C1–C6)-烷基)-(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基、双(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基、哌啶基,3,5-二甲基哌啶基、吲哚啉基、吗啉基、2,6-二甲基吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、氮杂环庚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、吩嗪基、咔唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢咔唑基或10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f]氮杂基,
或者两个相邻的基团R2和R3是-V-(CH2)r-W-部分,在这种情况下,V和W彼此独立地选自-O-、-S-、-N(C1–C6)-烷基-、-NC6H5-、-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(C2H5)2-或-C(C6H5)2-;r是1至3的整数;条件是,如果该数值为2或3,也可以有与两个相邻的CH2基团稠合的苯环;V或W与各自相邻的CH2基团一起也可以是稠合的苯环;
或者,如上文已经定义的,R3是与R1相同的部分;
基团R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11和R12各自彼此独立地为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、苯基、苄基、联苯基或萘基的取代基;其中m是1至3的整数;
或者两个相邻的基团R5形成稠合的苯环,该稠合的苯环可以是未取代的、单取代的或二取代的,在这种情况下,取代基可选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C1–C6)-烷氧基、苯基、苄基、联苯基或萘基;
或者两个相邻的基团R5形成稠合的苯并呋喃环、稠合的苯并噻吩环、稠合的2H-色烯环、稠合的3,3-二甲基茚环或稠合的二噁烷环;
或者基团R6和R7与键合到这些基团上的碳原子一起形成三至八元碳环或杂单环,一至两个芳族或杂芳族环体系可与之稠合,在这种情况下,该一个或多个环体系彼此独立地选自苯、萘、菲、吡啶、喹啉、呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、吲哚和咔唑;
或者基团R8和R9共同形成-(CH2)s-部分,在这种情况下s是1至3的整数;条件是,如果该数值为2或3,也可以有与两个相邻的CH2基团稠合的苯环。
本发明是基于以下令人惊讶的发现,即通过将特定取代基R1引入现有技术的光致变色染料体系(分别对于式(I)化合物来自EP 2 788340和对于式(II)化合物来自EP 3 010924)中,可以在不损害激发后变暗深度的情况下获得非常快速的变亮速度。
所述特定取代基R1是相对长的线性聚乙烯氧基链和/或聚丙烯氧基链,其任选地通过丁二酯桥与光致变色染料共价键合。由于其长的链状结构,这些取代基明显有效地将染料分子与塑料基质屏蔽开,以至于它们形成一种独立于塑料基质的极性和化学性质的环境,并且该环境对染料受激的有色(打开)形式提供了较低的稳定作用。因此,在激发后,光致变色染料分子更快地回复到其无色的基态,这意味着在激发后,染料更快地变亮。特定取代基R1的长链状结构包裹在染料分子周围以构成(可以说是)保护性的壁,其将染料与塑料基质屏蔽开。取代基R1之所以特别有效,是因为它们靠近光致变色染料的光不稳定中心,因此靠近分别在激发时断裂和在发光时重形成的键的位置。R1链的极性是一个决定性因素—例如,长脂肪族链完全不显示任何效应。
本发明化合物的一个显著特征是,通过将特定取代基R1引入现有技术的光致变色染料体系(对于式(I)化合物来自EP 2 788 340和对于式(II)化合物来自EP 3 010 924)中,可以诱导显著改善的变亮性质。因此,这些染料体系的光变性质可以得到显著改善,因为变暗深度不受取代基R1的引入的影响。与不含取代基R1的母体体系一样,本发明的化合物因其与紫外固化的优异相容性而引人注目,因为例如当其结合到具有紫外引发剂的丙烯酸酯单体基质中时,其完整地承受由强紫外光引发的基质的自由基聚合。它们还具有极高的性能和非常长的使用寿命。它们可以布置在所有种类的塑料中。
具体实施方式
本发明化合物的分子结构是基于对于式(I)化合物的核心茚并-萘并吡喃结构(具有取代基R5、R6和R7)或对于式(II)化合物的核心二氢萘并-萘并吡喃结构(具有取代基R5、R8、R9、R10、R11和R12),其各自包含光不稳定的吡喃单元(具有取代基R1、R2、R3和R4)。这是光致变色特性的原因,因为光的激发导致吡喃单元中的氧与具有两个芳基取代基的碳原子之间的键可逆断裂,从而产生了有色的部花青体系。
本发明的化合物根据图3由现有技术的母体染料体系合成,该母体染料体系具有替代R1的羟基。
为了测量光谱和光致变色性质,将等摩尔量的本发明化合物和现有技术化合物溶解在丙烯酸酯单体基质中,并在加入聚合引发剂后,借助于温度程序进行热聚合。
然后根据DIN EN ISO 8980-3确定由此产生的样本的光致变色的变暗和变亮行为(“动力学图”)。
图1显示了本发明通式(I)的化合物(更具体地,具有以下式(III)的化合物)与EP2 788 340中现有技术的相应化合物的动力学比较。
图2显示了本发明通式(II)的化合物(更具体地,具有以下式(IV)的化合物)与EP3 010 924中现有技术的相应化合物的动力学比较。
图1和图2所示化合物的具体分子结构列于表1中。本发明的化合物1和2在下表1中由式(III)描述,本发明的化合物3和4由式(IV)描述。
图1和图2说明性地显示了本发明的特定取代基R1对变亮速度的明显影响,而没有损害变暗深度。
表1:图1和图2所示化合物的分子结构
本发明的化合物1和3在取代基R1中具有线性聚乙烯氧基链,平均链长度为约16。用于合成的起始原料是可商购的平均分子量为750的聚乙二醇单甲基醚。这里存在不同链长度的高斯分布,最大值约为16个乙烯氧基单元。
本发明的化合物2和4在取代基R1中具有线性聚丙烯氧基链,平均链长度为约17。用于合成的起始原料是平均分子量为1000的市售聚丙二醇。这里同样存在不同链长度的高斯分布,最大值约为17个丙烯氧基单元。2-乙氧基乙基端基使用(2-溴乙基)乙基醚通过常规Williamson醚合成法引入。
变亮速度的加速效应不仅可在上述链长度上观察到;少于10个单元的较短链同样显示该效应。
根据图3中的合成方案,本发明的化合物随后由此制备。两个类型的通式的方法相同—因此,在图3中,仅显示了具有两个芳基取代基的吡喃环(n指权利要求1中取代基R1的式)。如果n为1,上述较长链起始化合物通过酯合成与光致变色染料分子共价连接。丁二酰单元中的羧基使用CDI(羰基二咪唑)激活,这允许非常温和的酯合成。如果n为0,则较长链起始化合物必须首先以甲苯磺酸酯(Ts)的形式被激活。随后通过常规Williamson醚合成与光致变色染料分子共价连接。
当本发明的化合物用于所有种类的塑料时,可以通过添加剂进一步改善光致变色性能。优选的添加剂是由与取代基R1相同的结构单元构成的化合物,且因此能够以类似于取代基R1的方式构造光不稳定染料分子的化学环境,但是它们不以扩散稳定的方式固定。因此,优选的实例是各种链长的线性聚乙二醇、各种链长的线性聚丙二醇、乙烯氧基和丙烯氧基单元交替构建的低聚物以及由乙烯氧基和丙烯氧基单元构成的嵌段共聚物。除了羟基以外,所使用的端基也可以是烷基或其他基团。
本发明的另一个主题涉及本发明的一种或多种光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃体系在所有种类的塑料中的用途,更具体地用于眼科目的,用于各种眼镜的光学镜片和眼镜片,例如矫正眼镜、驾驶员眼镜、滑雪眼镜、太阳眼镜、摩托车眼镜、防护头盔的面罩等,以及用于车辆和建筑行业的防晒目的,其形式为窗户、防护帘、罩、屋顶等。在用于所有种类塑料的情况下,各种助剂可与本发明的化合物一起使用。如上所述,优选的是线性聚乙二醇、线性聚丙二醇、由乙烯氧基和丙烯氧基单元交替构成的低聚物以及由乙烯氧基和丙烯氧基单元构成的嵌段共聚物。低聚物添加剂的端基,除羟基外,也可以是烷基或其他基团。
Claims (7)
1.式(II)的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃:
其中基团R1或R1和R3彼此独立地是以下部分:
其中,基团R13为氢或甲基,基团R14为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基、苯基、苄基、联苯基、萘基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基的取代基;n为0至1的整数,p为3至50的整数;
或者,如果R13是甲基,则R14任选地是-(CH2-CH2)q-OR15部分,在这种情况下,基团R15任选地选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、苯基、苄基或联苯基,并且q是1至20的整数;和
在每种情况下,基团R2、R3和R4彼此独立地为选自如下的取代基:氢、溴、氯、氟、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、(C1–C6)-硫代烷基、(C1–C18)-烷氧基、羟基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基、叔丁基二苯甲硅烷氧基、三氟甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、苯氧基、4-甲氧基苯氧基、苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、苄氧基、4-甲氧基苄氧基、联苯基、联苯基氧基、萘基、萘氧基,单-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,二-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,苯氨基,(C1–C6)-烷基-苯氨基,二苯氨基,(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,((C1–C6)-烷基)-(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,双(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,哌啶基,3,5-二甲基哌啶基,吲哚啉基,吗啉基,2,6-二甲基吗啉基,硫代吗啉基、氮杂环庚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、吩嗪基、咔唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢咔唑基或10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f]氮杂基,
或者两个相邻的基团R2和R3是-V-(CH2)r-W-部分,在这种情况下,V和W彼此独立地选自-O-、-S-、-N(C1–C6)-烷基-、-NC6H5-、-CH2-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(C2H5)2-或-C(C6H5)2-;r是1至3的整数;条件是,如果该数值为2或3,任选地有一个苯环与两个相邻的CH2基团稠合;V或W与各自相邻的CH2基团一起任选地是稠合的苯环;
或者R3是与R1相同的部分;
基团R5、R8、R9、R10、R11和R12各自独立地为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、苯基、苄基、联苯基或萘基的取代基;其中m是1至3的整数;
或者两个相邻的基团R5形成稠合的苯环,该稠合的苯环任选地是未取代的、单取代的或二取代的,在这种情况下,取代基任选地选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C1–C6)-烷氧基、苯基、苄基、联苯基或萘基;
或者两个相邻的基团R5形成稠合的苯并呋喃环、稠合的苯并噻吩环、稠合的2H色烯环、稠合的3,3-二甲基茚环或稠合的二噁烷环;
或者基团R8和R9共同形成-(CH2)s-部分,在这种情况下s是1至3的整数;条件是,如果该数值为2或3,任选地有一个苯环与两个相邻的CH2基团稠合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃,其中,基团R1代表以下部分:
并且基团R3为选自如下的取代基:氢、溴、氯、氟、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、(C1–C6)-硫代烷基、(C1–C18)-烷氧基、羟基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基、叔丁基二苯甲硅烷氧基、三氟甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、苯氧基、4-甲氧基苯氧基、苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、苄氧基、4-甲氧基苄氧基、联苯基、联苯基氧基、萘基、萘氧基,单-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,二-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,苯氨基,(C1–C6)-烷基-苯氨基,二苯氨基,(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,((C1–C6)-烷基)-(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,双(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,哌啶基,3,5-二甲基哌啶基,吲哚啉基,吗啉基,2,6-二甲基吗啉基,硫代吗啉基、氮杂环庚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、吩嗪基、咔唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢咔唑基或10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f]氮杂基,和
其中其他基团如上所定义。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃,其中,基团R5、R8、R9、R10、R11和R12各自独立地为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、苯基、苄基、联苯基或萘基的取代基;其中m是1至3的整数。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃,其中,基团R1代表以下部分:
其中,基团R13为氢或甲基,基团R14为选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基、苯基、苄基、联苯基、萘基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基或叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基的取代基;n为0至1的整数,p为3至50的整数;
或者,如果R13是甲基,则R14任选地是-(CH2-CH2)q-OR15部分,在这种情况下,基团R15任选地选自氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、苯基、苄基或联苯基,并且q是1至20的整数;和
基团R3是选自如下的取代基:氢、溴、氯、氟、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、(C1–C6)-硫代烷基、(C1–C18)-烷氧基、羟基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基、叔丁基二苯甲硅烷氧基、三氟甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、苯氧基、4-甲氧基苯氧基、苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、苄氧基、4-甲氧基苄氧基、联苯基、联苯基氧基、萘基、萘氧基,单-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,二-(C1–C6)-烷基氨基,苯氨基,(C1–C6)-烷基-苯氨基,二苯氨基,(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,((C1–C6)-烷基)-(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,双(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基,哌啶基,3,5-二甲基哌啶基,吲哚啉基,吗啉基,2,6-二甲基吗啉基,硫代吗啉基、氮杂环庚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、吩嗪基、咔唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢咔唑基或10,11-二氢二苯并[b,f]氮杂基。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃,其中,基团R3是选自如下的取代基:氢、(C1–C6)-烷基、(C3–C7)-环烷基、(C1–C6)-硫代烷基、(C1–C6)-烷氧基、羟基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基、叔丁基二苯甲硅烷氧基、三氟甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、苯氧基、4-甲氧基苯氧基、苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、苄氧基或4-甲氧基苄氧基。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的一种或多种光致变色的、稠合的萘并吡喃在各种塑料中的用途,更具体地用于眼科目的,用于各种眼镜的光学镜片和眼镜片,用于防护头盔的面罩,以及用于车辆和建筑行业的防晒目的,其形式为窗户、防护帘、罩或屋顶。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,用于矫正眼镜、驾驶员眼镜、滑雪眼镜、太阳眼镜或摩托车眼镜。
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DE102018004790.4A DE102018004790A1 (de) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | Photochrome annellierte Naphthopyran-Systeme mit speziellen Substituenten zur Realisierung sehr schneller Aufhellgeschwindigkeiten |
DE102018004790.4 | 2018-06-14 | ||
PCT/EP2019/064652 WO2019238495A1 (de) | 2018-06-14 | 2019-06-05 | Photochrome annellierte naphthopyran-systeme mit speziellen substituenten zur realisierung sehr schneller aufhellgeschwindigkeiten |
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CN114907383B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-05-23 | 华南理工大学 | 一类二(苯并吡咯)并吩噻嗪有机染料及其制备方法与应用 |
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