CN112409860A - 一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN112409860A
CN112409860A CN202011348366.XA CN202011348366A CN112409860A CN 112409860 A CN112409860 A CN 112409860A CN 202011348366 A CN202011348366 A CN 202011348366A CN 112409860 A CN112409860 A CN 112409860A
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夏连心
方志望
朱满子
李时雨
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，属于粉末涂料领域，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85‑100份、环氧树脂15‑35份、聚己内酯10‑15份、固化剂5‑15份、苎麻纤维10‑20份、填料10‑80份、流平剂2‑5份，还公开了一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，该工艺制备得到的氟碳粉末涂料具有高表面硬度、良好韧性、高爽滑程度的抗划伤特性。

Description

一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明属于粉末涂料领域，具体涉及一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
氟碳涂料具有优异的耐候性、耐腐蚀性、耐化学药品性及防污自清洁等性能，被广泛应用于建筑、车辆、桥梁、船舶、化工防腐以及新能源等领域。但普通氟碳涂料中含有大量的VOC，在使用过程中易挥发到大气中，不仅造成资源浪费，而且污染环境，严重影响人们的身体健康。水性氟碳涂料VOC含量较低，但受合成技术、性能等因素影响，其在工业涂料领域中的应用还十分有限。粉末氟碳涂料在生产和涂装过程中无VOC排放，符合环保要求，但其在装饰过程中会不可避免的与外界进行接触并产生刮擦，或遭受不可避免的物体或人为因素的剐蹭和摩擦，都将在涂膜的表面留下划痕或划伤，造成装饰性能下降，因此，研发出一种具有抗划伤性能的氟碳粉末涂料是很有必要的。
抗划伤不仅与硬度有关，也与涂膜的韧性、漆膜表面的滑爽程度相关。当漆膜韧性良好时，漆膜可以通过形变来避免被划伤，作用力过后，再回复原状；当漆膜较滑爽，则能够减轻相对移动的刮擦作用力。涂膜的硬度高和韧性好、滑爽程度高可进一步增强涂膜的抗划伤性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料及其制备工艺，该工艺制备得到的氟碳粉末涂料具有高表面硬度、良好韧性、高爽滑程度的抗划伤特性。
为实现以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85-100份、环氧树脂15-35份、聚己内酯10-15份、固化剂5-15份、苎麻纤维10-20份、填料10-80份、流平剂2-5份。
优选地，一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85-90份、环氧树脂15-20份、聚己内酯12-15份、固化剂5-10份、苎麻纤维15-20份、填料30-70份、流平剂2-4份。
优选地，一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯95份、环氧树脂20份、聚己内酯12份、固化剂8份、苎麻纤维15份、填料60份、流平剂3份。
进一步地，所述氟树酯为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯的一种。
进一步地，所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂或酚醛环氧树脂。
进一步地，所述固化剂为二氨基二苯砜、双氰胺、酚羟基树脂中的一种或多种混合物。
进一步地，所述苎麻纤维的制备过程是：首先从苎麻植株上剥下苎麻皮，将苎麻皮表面的角质层去掉，然后放入12-15％NaOH溶液中浸泡6-8h，经漂洗、晒干、粉碎制得苎麻纤维。
进一步地，所述填料为纳米氧化铜、纳米氧化锌、钛白粉、硅微粉的混合物。
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
步骤1：按上述重量份数配比称取氟树酯、苎麻纤维、填料、流平剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6-10min；
步骤2：将步骤1混合后的原料经挤出机中挤出压片，挤出温度为100-150℃，再经冷却、粉碎、过筛得到混合料1，备用；
步骤3：按上述重量份数配比称取环氧树脂、聚己内酯、固化剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6-10min；
步骤4：将步骤3混合后的原料进行熔融挤出，挤出温度为120-180℃，再经压片、冷却、粉碎、过筛得到的混合料2，备用；
步骤5：将步骤2得到的混合料1和步骤4得到的混合料4进行干混均匀后，得到氟碳粉末涂料。
进一步地，所述步骤2和步骤4分别得到的混合料1和混合料2粉体粒径为5-20μm。
本发明的有益效果是：(1)本发明制备得到的氟碳粉末涂料是根据苎麻纤维对环氧树脂/聚己内酯共混体系性能影响，增强了涂料的拉伸强度和韧性，使其具有高表面硬度、良好韧性、高爽滑程度的抗划伤特性；
(2)本发明采用环氧树脂和聚己内酯进行混合形成环氧树脂/聚己内酯共混体系，再加入苎麻纤维，含有的纤维分子与聚己内酯分子链缠结并且在不同相区间进行贯穿，从而使聚己内酯富集相的力学性能进一步改善，随着苎麻纤维的不断加入，共混体系的拉伸强度和冲击强度增强，改善了体系的韧性；
(3)本发明所采用的填料在熔融状态下会发生原位还原使其产生金属化现象，加入的苎麻纤维在高温条件下部分成分会碳化，而混合后碳化的成分会引起填料中纳米氧化铜、纳米氧化锌的原位还原使其呈现金属化，而在流平剂助剂的协助作用下，在涂料进行喷涂并固化得到的涂膜表面光泽度高、爽滑度也明显提高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述，但是本领域技术人员将会理解，下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中苎麻纤维的制备过程是：首先从苎麻植株上剥下苎麻皮，将苎麻皮表面的角质层去掉，然后放入15％NaOH溶液中浸泡8h，经漂洗、晒干、粉碎制得苎麻纤维。
实施例1：
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯95份、双酚A型环氧树脂20份、聚己内酯12份、固化剂8份、苎麻纤维15份、填料60份、流平剂3份。
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
步骤1：按上述重量份数配比称取氟树酯、苎麻纤维、填料、流平剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6min；
步骤2：将步骤1混合后的原料经挤出机中挤出压片，挤出温度为150℃，再经冷却、粉碎、过筛得到混合料1，备用；
步骤3：按上述重量份数配比称取双酚A型环氧树脂、聚己内酯、固化剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6min；
步骤4：将步骤3混合后的原料进行熔融挤出，挤出温度为180℃，再经压片、冷却、粉碎、过筛得到的混合料2，备用；
步骤5：将步骤2得到的混合料1和步骤4得到的混合料4进行干混均匀后，得到氟碳粉末涂料；
所述步骤2和步骤4分别得到的混合料1和混合料2粉体粒径为5-20μm。
实施例2：
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85份、双酚A型环氧树脂35份、聚己内酯10份、固化剂5份、苎麻纤维20份、填料80份、流平剂5份。
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
步骤1：按上述重量份数配比称取氟树酯、苎麻纤维、填料、流平剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为10min；
步骤2：将步骤1混合后的原料经挤出机中挤出压片，挤出温度为100℃，再经冷却、粉碎、过筛得到混合料1，备用；
步骤3：按上述重量份数配比称取双酚A型环氧树脂、聚己内酯、固化剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为10min；
步骤4：将步骤3混合后的原料进行熔融挤出，挤出温度为120℃，再经压片、冷却、粉碎、过筛得到的混合料2，备用；
步骤5：将步骤2得到的混合料1和步骤4得到的混合料4进行干混均匀后，得到氟碳粉末涂料；
所述步骤2和步骤4分别得到的混合料1和混合料2粉体粒径为5-20μm。
实施例3：
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯100份、酚醛环氧树脂15份、聚己内酯15份、固化剂15份、苎麻纤维10份、填料10份、流平剂2份。
一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
步骤1：按上述重量份数配比称取氟树酯、苎麻纤维、填料、流平剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为8min；
步骤2：将步骤1混合后的原料经挤出机中挤出压片，挤出温度为125℃，再经冷却、粉碎、过筛得到混合料1，备用；
步骤3：按上述重量份数配比称取酚醛环氧树脂、聚己内酯、固化剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为8min；
步骤4：将步骤3混合后的原料进行熔融挤出，挤出温度为160℃，再经压片、冷却、粉碎、过筛得到的混合料2，备用；
步骤5：将步骤2得到的混合料1和步骤4得到的混合料4进行干混均匀后，得到氟碳粉末涂料；
所述步骤2和步骤4分别得到的混合料1和混合料2粉体粒径为5-20μm。
为了证明上述有益效果，本发明采用一系列实验，分析不同原料成分对涂料力学性能的影响，其中作为与实施例对比的对比例，其原料配方与实施例1的不同之处如表1所示。
表1
对比例1 对比例2 对比例3
氟树酯(份) 95 95 95
环氧树脂(份) 无 20 20
聚己内酯(份) 12 无 12
固化剂(份) 8 8 8
苎麻纤维(份) 15 15 无
填料(份) 60 60 60
流平剂(份) 3 3 3
取上述实施例和对比例的氟碳粉末涂料，静电喷涂在脱脂冷轧钢板上，涂层厚度为50-100μm，采用热烘烤箱在180℃下，15min固化，然后进行一系列性能测试，按照国家标准GBT23999-2009的条件下检测，测试结果如表2所示。
表2
Figure BDA0002800544630000051
从上述表1和表2中可以看出，本发明制备得到的氟碳粉末涂料是根据苎麻纤维对环氧树脂/聚己内酯共混体系性能影响，增强了涂料的拉伸强度和韧性，使其具有高表面硬度、良好韧性、高爽滑程度的抗划伤特性。
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域的技术人员可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中，而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员根据本发明的原理，不脱离本发明的范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85-100份、环氧树脂15-35份、聚己内酯10-15份、固化剂5-15份、苎麻纤维10-20份、填料10-80份、流平剂2-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯85-90份、环氧树脂15-20份、聚己内酯12-15份、固化剂5-10份、苎麻纤维15-20份、填料30-70份、流平剂2-4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，包括下列重量份数配比的组分：氟树酯95份、环氧树脂20份、聚己内酯12份、固化剂8份、苎麻纤维15份、填料60份、流平剂3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述氟树酯为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂或酚醛环氧树脂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述固化剂为二氨基二苯砜、双氰胺、酚羟基树脂中的一种或多种混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述苎麻纤维的制备过程是：首先从苎麻植株上剥下苎麻皮，将苎麻皮表面的角质层去掉，然后放入12-15％NaOH溶液中浸泡6-8h，经漂洗、晒干、粉碎制得苎麻纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述填料为纳米氧化铜、纳米氧化锌、钛白粉、硅微粉的混合物。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
步骤1：按上述重量份数配比称取氟树酯、苎麻纤维、填料、流平剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6-10min；
步骤2：将步骤1混合后的原料经挤出机中挤出压片，挤出温度为100-150℃，再经冷却、粉碎、过筛得到混合料1，备用；
步骤3：按上述重量份数配比称取环氧树脂、聚己内酯、固化剂，然后采用高速混合机进行混合，混合时间为6-10min；
步骤4：将步骤3混合后的原料进行熔融挤出，挤出温度为120-180℃，再经压片、冷却、粉碎、过筛得到的混合料2，备用；
步骤5：将步骤2得到的混合料1和步骤4得到的混合料4进行干混均匀后，得到氟碳粉末涂料。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种装饰用氟碳粉末涂料的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤2和步骤4分别得到的混合料1和混合料2粉体粒径为5-20μm。
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