CN112374946A - Slow-controlled release fertilizer suitable for sugarcane mechanized planting - Google Patents
Slow-controlled release fertilizer suitable for sugarcane mechanized planting Download PDFInfo
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-IGMARMGPSA-N Calcium-40 Chemical group [40Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014786 phosphorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane, which is prepared by uniformly mixing urea, 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements, wherein the slow/controlled release fertilizer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of urea, 200-400 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 50-100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-50 parts of trace elements. The slow-release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of the sugarcane can remarkably improve the yield and the quality of the sugarcane, reduce the planting cost of the sugarcane, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, improve the fertilizer efficiency, reduce the labor cost, perform hole fertilization once, reduce the fertilization times, effectively slowly release a nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the loss of effective components of the fertilizer, greatly improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and increase the yield of the sugarcane by utilizing the characteristic that the alginic acid coated urea slowly releases nutrients and effectively proportioning the slow-release fertilizer and other fertilizers according to the nutrient absorption rule of the sugarcane at different periods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanical planting of sugarcane.
Background
Sugarcane is used as a temperate zone and tropical crop of the genus Saccharum officinarum and is widely planted in tropical regions in south China such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Hainan, the sugarcane is one of important economic crops for producing sugar in the market, the photosynthetic efficiency of the sugarcane is very high, the sugarcane is often called as an energy crop, the sugar is a substance with large human demand, the sugarcane contains various substances beneficial to human metabolism besides rich sugar and water, and comprises vitamins, proteins, organic acids, calcium, iron and the like, the sugarcane produced in China is mainly used for producing sugar, the annual yield of the sucrose is the third in the world, reaches more than 80% of the total sugar consumption in China, the yield of the sugarcane is very high, and the sugarcane can be continuously produced with high yield, and the reasonable planting can bring huge economic benefits to farmers;
the nutrient demand of the sugarcane is large in the growth process, the nutrient demand of the sugarcane for normal growth and development is ensured by applying base fertilizer and multiple topdressing, the fertilizer is mainly applied in a spreading and covering soil for fertilization in sugarcane areas in China, the fertilization mode is more traditional, a large amount of labor force is consumed, but the utilization rate of the sugarcane to the fertilizer is reduced due to the fact that the nutrients of the fertilizer are lost by rainwater, directly volatilize or are fixed and lost by soil, and therefore excessive chemical fertilizer must be applied to ensure the normal growth of the sugarcane, the cost of the fertilizer is increased, the cost of the sugarcane planting is kept high, and the environmental pollution is increased;
aiming at the problems, innovative design is urgently needed on the basis of the original fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slow-controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanical planting of sugarcane, and aims to solve the problems that the background technology provides that the nutrient demand of the sugarcane in the growth process is large, the nutrient demand of the sugarcane for normal growth and development is ensured by applying base fertilizer and multiple topdresses, while soil covering fertilizer is mainly applied in sugarcane areas in China, the fertilizer application mode is more traditional, a large amount of labor is consumed, but the utilization rate of the sugarcane to the fertilizer is reduced due to loss of rainwater, direct volatilization or fixation loss of soil, excessive chemical fertilizer must be applied to ensure the normal growth of the sugarcane, the cost of the fertilizer is increased, the cost of the sugarcane planting is kept high, and the environmental pollution is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane is prepared by uniformly mixing urea, 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and trace elements, wherein the slow/controlled release fertilizer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of urea, 200-400 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 50-100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-50 parts of trace elements.
Preferably, 200 parts of urea, 400 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 50 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 30 parts of trace elements.
Preferably, 250 parts of urea, 300 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 80 parts of calcium superphosphate, 150 parts of potassium chloride, 80 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate and 40 parts of trace elements.
Preferably, 300 parts of urea, 200 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 200 parts of potassium chloride, 100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 50 parts of trace elements.
Preferably, the nitrogen content of the urea is 46%, the phosphorus content of the calcium superphosphate is 15%, the potassium content of the potassium chloride is 52%, and the weight ratio of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (N2O: P2O 5: K2O) is 1: 0.2-0.4: 0.8-1.2, wherein the microelements comprise Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, Cl and Ni, and the coating layer of the alginic acid coated urea accounts for 4-8% of the total mass.
Preferably, the particle size range of the urea, 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements is 4-6 mm, and the type of the 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea is alginate coated.
Preferably, the slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of the sugarcane comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 220-300 parts of urea, 200-350 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 100-120 parts of calcium superphosphate, 120-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-80 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-40 parts of trace elements.
A preparation method of a slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials, which comprises the following substeps:
s11, weighing the various raw materials according to the proportion, and after weighing is finished, placing the raw materials for later use;
s2, adding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing device for mixing for a period of time, so that the raw materials are uniformly mixed;
s3, adding 4-8% alginic acid for coating.
Preferably, the stirring time in S2 is in the range of 1-2h, and the stirring temperature in S2 is 50 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of the sugarcane;
(1) by utilizing the characteristic that the alginic acid coated urea slowly releases nutrients and according to the nutrient absorption rule of the sugarcane at different periods, the slow/controlled release fertilizer is effectively matched with other fertilizers, so that the prepared slow/controlled release fertilizer can obviously improve the yield and quality of the sugarcane, reduce the planting cost of the sugarcane and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer;
(2) the fertilizer efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the hole application is performed once, the fertilizing times are reduced, the nitrogen fertilizer can be effectively slowly released, the loss of the effective components of the fertilizer is reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is greatly improved;
(3) increase the yield of the sugarcane and improve the economic benefit. The slow release process of the provided slow and controlled release fertilizer is basically consistent with the nutrient requirement rule of the sugarcane in the normal growth and development period, and the absorption and utilization of the sugarcane are facilitated to achieve the effect of increasing the yield;
(4) improve the quality of the sugarcane and optimize the commodity. Sufficient nutrient elements including trace elements required by the sugarcane are provided through the scientifically proportioned controlled-release fertilizer, so that the sugarcane can be effectively absorbed and utilized, and the quality of the sugarcane is better;
(5) the slow-controlled release fertilizer is a novel fertilizer which can achieve the purpose of obtaining high sugarcane yield with low labor cost investment, can enable the sugarcane to absorb nutrients in a proper amount in due time according to the characteristic of slowly releasing the nutrients and the demand of the sugarcane in different periods, ensures that the sugarcane has sufficient nutrient supply in different growth periods, has relatively high yield and quality, has the characteristic of one-time fertilization, is suitable for mechanized planting, can effectively reduce the cost, and is favorable for being applied to sugarcane production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparative chart of the controlled release fertilizer test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing urea, 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements, and comprises an outer coating layer and internal fertilizer particles, wherein the weight ratio of the two is 1: 6-8, wherein the composition comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of urea, 200-400 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 50-100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-50 parts of trace elements.
Wherein the nitrogen content of urea is 46%, the phosphorus content of calcium superphosphate is 15%, the potassium content of potassium chloride is 52%, and the weight ratio of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (N2O: P2O 5: K2O) is 1: 0.2-0.4: 0.8-1.2, wherein the microelements comprise Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, Cl and Ni, and the coating layer of the alginic acid coated urea accounts for 4-8% of the total mass;
in the invention, the particle size range of urea, 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements is 4-6 mm, and the type of the 4-8% alginic acid coated urea is alginate coated;
the invention provides a slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 220-300 parts of urea, 200-350 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 100-120 parts of calcium superphosphate, 120-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-80 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-40 parts of trace elements;
according to different practical conditions, the calcium superphosphate can be replaced by monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate, and the potassium chloride can be replaced by potassium sulfate;
the technical scheme provides a preparation method of a slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials, which comprises the following substeps:
s11, weighing the various raw materials according to the proportion, and after weighing is finished, placing the raw materials for later use;
s2, adding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing device for mixing for a period of time, so that the raw materials are uniformly mixed;
s3, adding 4-8% alginic acid for coating.
The stirring time in the S2 is 1-2h, and the stirring temperature in the S2 is 50 ℃, so that stirring and mixing work can be well carried out;
the invention provides an application of a slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for sugarcane mechanized planting, which comprises the following steps: after mechanically ploughing the sugarcane field in 3 months, hole-planting the sugarcane into soil at one time, preferably applying the sugarcane to a sugarcane ditch with the depth of about 20 cm in a soil layer, and immediately planting sugarcane teeth;
the raw materials selected by the invention have the following requirements: spherical particles with the particle size of 4-6 mm have good fluidity and can reach the nutrient content index or above;
example one
A slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of urea, 400 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 50 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 30 parts of trace elements;
the raw material components are weighed according to the proportion, after being uniformly mixed, 5 percent alginic acid is added for coating, and the total nutrient of the obtained sustained and controlled release fertilizer is calculated according to the mass percent: 20% of N2O, 8% of P2O 5 and 18% of K2O;
example two
A slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 300 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 80 parts of calcium superphosphate, 150 parts of potassium chloride, 80 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate and 40 parts of trace elements;
weighing the raw material components according to a ratio, uniformly mixing, adding 6% alginic acid for coating, and calculating the total nutrient of the obtained controlled-release fertilizer according to the mass percentage: 19% of N2O, 9% of P2O 5 and 19% of K2O;
EXAMPLE III
A slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of urea, 200 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 200 parts of potassium chloride, 100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 50 parts of trace elements;
the raw material components are weighed according to the proportion, evenly mixed and added with 7 percent alginic acid for coating. The total nutrient of the obtained controlled-release fertilizer is calculated according to the mass percentage: 18% of N2O, 10% of P2O 5 and 20% of K2O;
and (3) testing:
test site: guangdong province Zhanjiang city Mazhang area farm
Test time: 2018 and 2020
Sugarcane variety: zhanjiang local variety 1 year
Test soil: the brick red soil has the physical and chemical properties of soil pH of 5.30, 11.25g.kg-1 of organic matters, 120.00mg.kg-1 of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 0.44mg.kg-1 of available phosphorus and 38.18mg.kg-1 of available potassium;
test protocol: after mechanically ploughing the sugarcane field in 3 months, 12 field cells are divided, the area of each cell is 100 square meters, the planting density is 4500 plants/mu, the planting row spacing is 0.1 meter, and the sugarcane ditches are about 20 centimeters deep. Setting 1 conventional control group without applying slow controlled release fertilizer and 3 treatment groups applying alginic acid coated slow controlled release fertilizers with different coating qualities, hole-applying the fertilizers with different treatments into soil at one time, controlling the total fertilizing amount to be 250 kg/mu, preferably applying the fertilizers to sugarcane ditches with the depth of about 20 cm in soil layers, and immediately planting sugarcane teeth, wherein the test results are shown in the table I;
test results show that the slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for sugarcane mechanized planting provided by the invention can obviously improve the yield of sugarcane by effectively reducing the fertilizing times for 1-2 times and improving the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, so that the purpose of increasing the yield is achieved
The above-mentioned embodiments and experiments are only used for discussing the present invention in detail, and are preferred embodiments, and the technical personnel in the field can refer to the present invention to guide the fertilization in the mechanized planting of the sugarcane without departing from the basic principle of the present invention, and at the same time, the present invention can be adjusted and modified slightly according to the actual situation, and shall be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for mechanized planting of sugarcane is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing urea, 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements, wherein the slow/controlled release fertilizer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of urea, 200-400 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 50-100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-50 parts of trace elements.
2. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of urea, 400 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 50 parts of calcium superphosphate, 100 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 30 parts of trace elements.
3. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 300 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 80 parts of calcium superphosphate, 150 parts of potassium chloride, 80 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate and 40 parts of trace elements.
4. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of urea, 200 parts of 4-8% alginic acid coated urea, 100 parts of calcium superphosphate, 200 parts of potassium chloride, 100 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 50 parts of trace elements.
5. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nitrogen content of the urea is 46%, the phosphorus content of the calcium superphosphate is 15%, the potassium content of the potassium chloride is 52%, and the weight ratio of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (N2O: P2O 5: K2O) is 1: 0.2-0.4: 0.8-1.2, wherein the microelements comprise Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, Cl and Ni, and the coating layer of the alginic acid coated urea accounts for 4-8% of the total mass.
6. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size range of the urea, 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate and trace elements is 4-6 mm, and the type of the 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea is an algin coated type.
7. The slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of the sugarcane comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 220-300 parts of urea, 200-350 parts of 4% -8% alginic acid coated urea, 100-120 parts of calcium superphosphate, 120-200 parts of potassium chloride, 50-80 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and 20-40 parts of trace elements.
8. The preparation method of the slow and controlled release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of sugarcane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials, which comprises the following substeps:
s11, weighing the various raw materials according to the proportion, and after weighing is finished, placing the raw materials for later use;
s2, adding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing device for mixing for a period of time, so that the raw materials are uniformly mixed;
s3, adding 4-8% alginic acid for coating.
9. The method for preparing the controlled-release fertilizer suitable for the mechanized planting of the sugarcane according to claim 8, characterized in that: the stirring time in S2 ranged from 1 to 2h, and the stirring temperature in S2 was 50 ℃.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102746067A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Controlled release nitrogen-containing controlled release fertilizer special for sugarcane |
| CN108424290A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-08-21 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof being exclusively used in sugarcane |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102746067A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Controlled release nitrogen-containing controlled release fertilizer special for sugarcane |
| CN108424290A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-08-21 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof being exclusively used in sugarcane |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |