CN1123704C - 联轴节 - Google Patents

联轴节 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1123704C
CN1123704C CN98804970A CN98804970A CN1123704C CN 1123704 C CN1123704 C CN 1123704C CN 98804970 A CN98804970 A CN 98804970A CN 98804970 A CN98804970 A CN 98804970A CN 1123704 C CN1123704 C CN 1123704C
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China
Prior art keywords
driving component
shaft coupling
shell
sheath
heat
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN98804970A
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English (en)
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CN1255961A (zh
Inventor
于尔根·沃尔特
乌尔里希·法尔兹
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Hackforth GmbH and Co KG
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Hackforth GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Hackforth GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hackforth GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/72Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts
    • F16D3/74Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts the intermediate member or members being made of rubber or other rubber-like flexible material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/02Overheat protection, i.e. means for protection against overheating
    • F16D2300/021Cooling features not provided for in group F16D13/72 or F16D25/123, e.g. heat transfer details
    • F16D2300/0212Air cooling

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有至少一个弹性体传动件的联轴节。为了满足在动态承载能力及长使用寿命方面日益提高的要求,尤其是实现在不利的环境条件下如高的环境温度情况下防止氧化老化过程,本发明建议:传动件(2)在其表面至少局部设有耐老化、不透气的护套(3)。

Description

联轴节
本发明涉及一种有至少一个弹性体传动件的联轴节。
在上述类型的弹性联轴节中,扭矩的传递通过弹性传动件进行,根据实施形式传动件设计为整体式或多部分组成的剪力件或扭力件。对于这种材料在线膨胀特性和长期稳定性方面有极高的要求,在先有技术中长期以来通过使用硫化的天然橡胶即所谓DIEN橡胶来满足。
由于在工作中交变负荷引起动态应力,在此弹性的橡胶体内产生损失热,它必须排出,以免因局部过热导致损坏。为此要求冷却传动件,在传动系统内迄今存在的工作条件下,通过流过的环境空气的空气冷却可靠地保证了传动件的冷却。采取如安置附加的冷却窗等措施进一步改善了冷却效果并因而再次提高了安全系数。
然而,当驱动系统进一步发展时,例如在其中优先采用此类弹性联轴节的船舶驱动装置中,其趋势是,由于功率密度越来越大以及维护间隔越来越长,与此同时联轴器工作的环境条件却更加不利,因而对动态的负荷能力提出了越来越高的要求。在越来越紧凑的结构中,产生热量的设备如柴油机、涡轮压气机等就处于联轴节的近旁,因而导致产生更高的环境温度,其结果是难以有效地散热。
因此,这些复杂的使用条件要求进一步发展弹性传动件,因为在具有适合的机械性能的弹性体中,随着温度增高尤其是超比例地加速材料表面的氧化老化。也就是说,环境空气不仅起冷却的作用,而且通过其所含有的氧的成分导致空气对弹性体材料的侵蚀作用,在形式上是在对外暴露的表面上的臭氧或氧老化。与此同时尤其通过扩散的氧导致表面脆化,因此在高的负荷下有助于产生裂纹。
尽管试图通过在弹性体材料内添加适当的物质达到化学防老化。然而,一方面这些添加物的份额不允许过高,因为要不然会损害机械性能,而另一方面,一种基本现象是,随着时间的推移防老化的效果将逐渐丧失。
鉴于这些问题,本发明的目的是创造一种进一步发展的联轴节,它的传动件即使在不利的环境条件下,如高的环境温度,也是长期稳定的,并与此同时尤其能防氧化的老化过程。
为实现上述目的,按本发明提供了这样一种联轴节,它有至少一个弹性体传动件,此传动件在其表面至少局部设有耐老化不透气的护套,其中:护套设计为用弹性薄膜制成的外壳。
按本发明的设计,可以完全一样地使用由DIEN橡胶或其他材料制的整体式或几部分组成的剪力或扭力件。在这种情况下,最好至少与环境空气直接接触的表面区设有按本发明的护套。
按本发明的护套其特征在于,它在最大程度上抵抗上述环境的影响,例如氧化老化。为了满足这些要求,合乎目的的是采用一种耐热或抗热的并与此同时防氧化老化的材料。根据具体的使用条件和预期的负荷,护套可设计为粘附在传动件上的扁平层,或可设计为薄膜状的外壳。
本发明突出的优点直接来自于,此护套将传动件有危险的表面与大气的影响隔离开并因而使之受到保护。以此方式实际上完全阻止氧化老化以及即使在不利的环境条件下也能延长使用寿命。在这种情况下,由于护套的材料厚度小以及选择了适当的导热材料,所以对散热能力没有严重的影响。
尽管也可设想,整个传动件加设护套,但通常仅在其外部暴露的圆周面设有按本发明的护套就够了。因为外表面受最大的机械和热负荷,并与法兰和传动件之间的硫化接触面不同,它们直接与环境空气接触,所以在这些区域优先产生氧化老化。
本发明的一种实施形式规定,护套设计为敷层。在这种情况下此敷层通过液态涂敷的硫化的或粘结上的护膜构成,它扁平地粘附在传动件上。在这里要求护膜是高弹性的,以便无困难地承受出现的变形。
按本发明的外壳必要时在预紧力条件下尽管起保护作用但并不扁平地固定贴靠在表面上。在这里此突出的优点是源自于,实际上在通过弹性传动件传递扭矩与保护传动件不受外界影响的两种功能之间是完全分开进行的。由于彼此可相对运动,所以外壳不随着弹性体一起变形,并因而也可以有比较小的弹性。因此它可以用一种虽然弹性较小但抗老化和耐热的材料制造。外壳用弹性薄膜制造,例如用合成橡胶如乙烯-丙烯酸酯橡胶的弹性薄膜制造便可以满足这些要求。这些材料也有足够的耐热性。
外壳的强度可以进一步提高,即加设加强筋。在这方面例如涉及织物或帘布,它一起硫化。因此当材料厚度很薄时便已有高的强度,所以可以承受产生的离心力,与此同时外壳没有显著变形。
为了覆盖传动件位于外部的圆周面,只要将外壳设计为可围绕传动件安置的环就够了。它可以用弹性材料已经预制成环形,所以它可以经连接法兰拉过来套上;或作为带段,它在一个安装好的联轴器上可通过粘结或其他连接方法组合成一个环。
为避免传动件与外壳之间相对运动时的摩擦,有利的是在它们之间有减少摩擦的介质,例如形式上为软膏或凝胶体的润滑剂。
传动件向外壳传热可以得到改善,只要在它们之间加导热介质,例如一种导热软膏。
优先推荐使用同时起导热和减少摩擦作用的物质。
图1用剖面图表示了一种按本发明设计的联轴器实施例。其中联轴器作为整体用标号1表示。它有两个沿轴向连续排列的分别硫化在法兰上的设计为扭力件的弹性传动件2。围绕着用DIEN橡胶制的传动件2的外表面,分别装设一环形外壳3。外壳3用耐老化的耐热的弹性体例如乙烯-丙烯酸酯橡胶制造,并对外不透气地覆盖住传动件2的外表面。
在传动件2与护套3之间留下的空腔必要时充填能导热的润滑剂。
采用按本发明的外壳1,即使在高的外界温度下也能持久地保护传动件2的外表面防止其氧化老化。

Claims (6)

1.一种联轴节,它有至少一个弹性体传动件,此传动件在其表面至少局部设有耐老化不透气的护套,其特征为:护套设计为用弹性体薄膜制成的外壳(3)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的联轴节,其特征为:传动件(2)只在其外部暴露的圆周面处设护套(3)。
3.按照权利要求1所述的联轴节,其特征为:外壳(3)设有加强筋。
4.按照权利要求1所述的联轴节,其特征为:外壳(3)设计为可围绕传动件(2)暴露的圆周面放置的环。
5.按照权利要求1所述的联轴节,其特征为:在外壳(3)与传动件(2)的表面之间有一种减少摩擦的介质。
6.按照权利要求1所述的联轴节,其特征为:在外壳(3)与传动件(2)的表面之间有一种导热介质。
CN98804970A 1997-04-08 1998-04-08 联轴节 Expired - Fee Related CN1123704C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19714420A DE19714420A1 (de) 1997-04-08 1997-04-08 Wellenkupplung
DE19714420.9 1997-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1255961A CN1255961A (zh) 2000-06-07
CN1123704C true CN1123704C (zh) 2003-10-08

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US6361443B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0974012B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001519877A (zh)
CN (1) CN1123704C (zh)
DE (2) DE19714420A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2195337T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998045610A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438071B (zh) * 2006-04-08 2011-07-20 哈克福斯有限公司 具有不相同的橡胶体的弹性联轴器

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020082091A1 (en) * 1997-04-08 2002-06-27 Hackforth Gmbh & Co. Kg Shaft coupling
DE19846873C2 (de) * 1998-10-12 2001-11-15 Hackforth Gmbh & Co Kg Elastische Wellenkupplung mit Torsionselement
JP4103498B2 (ja) * 2002-08-23 2008-06-18 株式会社デンソー 動力伝達装置及びトルク伝達部材
CN100427786C (zh) * 2006-12-07 2008-10-22 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 自支承型大挠度高弹性联轴器
DE102008038028A1 (de) 2008-08-16 2009-05-14 Daimler Ag Lagerelement
DE102008045158A1 (de) 2008-08-30 2009-05-14 Daimler Ag Lagerelement
DE102010055018A1 (de) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Hackforth Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kupplungssegmentes einer elastischen Kupplung
CN102312931B (zh) * 2011-09-02 2013-04-10 无锡创明传动工程有限公司 高弹性膜盘联轴器结构
DE112013005497T5 (de) * 2012-12-06 2015-08-06 Borgwarner Inc. Abgasturbolader
DE102015112611A1 (de) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-02 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Kupplungsanordnung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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GB720404A (en) * 1952-02-19 1954-12-22 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to power transmission couplings
GB1021419A (en) * 1964-11-12 1966-03-02 Terence Onslow Hughes Torsionally resilient couplings
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GB720404A (en) * 1952-02-19 1954-12-22 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to power transmission couplings
GB1021419A (en) * 1964-11-12 1966-03-02 Terence Onslow Hughes Torsionally resilient couplings
DE2918619A1 (de) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-13 Goetze Ag Elastisches federelement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101438071B (zh) * 2006-04-08 2011-07-20 哈克福斯有限公司 具有不相同的橡胶体的弹性联轴器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19714420A1 (de) 1998-10-29
CN1255961A (zh) 2000-06-07
EP0974012B1 (de) 2003-03-19
DE59807560D1 (de) 2003-04-24
US6361443B1 (en) 2002-03-26
JP2001519877A (ja) 2001-10-23
EP0974012A1 (de) 2000-01-26
WO1998045610A1 (de) 1998-10-15
ES2195337T3 (es) 2003-12-01

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