CN112339042B - Heat insulation plywood and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Heat insulation plywood and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112339042B CN112339042B CN202011163192.XA CN202011163192A CN112339042B CN 112339042 B CN112339042 B CN 112339042B CN 202011163192 A CN202011163192 A CN 202011163192A CN 112339042 B CN112339042 B CN 112339042B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses thermal-insulated plywood and manufacturing method thereof, including 5 ~ 20 layers of range upon range of subassemblies and the veneer of gluing each other, the veneer all passes through thermal treatment, and is a plurality of the thermal treatment quality loss rate of veneer is from this kind of thermal-insulated plywood's sandwich layer department to the top layer department successive layer of thermal-insulated plywood increases progressively. The prepared plywood has heat insulation effect and mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wood board products, in particular to a heat insulation plywood and a manufacturing method of the heat insulation plywood.
Background
Plywood is a wooden board product commonly used in the fields of building structure construction, indoor and outdoor decoration, furniture manufacture and the like. When it is used in building construction or furniture manufacture, there is often a need for thermal insulation. In the prior art, for example, the chinese patent CN201711102394.1 discloses "a process for preparing a high-strength thermal insulation plywood for building", which uses modified acrylic resin and polyurethane resin as main adhesives for gluing veneers of each layer, so that the plywood has thermal insulation performance; or "plywood for building thermal insulation" disclosed in chinese patent application CN200310113334.1, in which a thermal insulation layer (for example, polystyrene foam plastic board) is compounded in the plywood to make the plywood have thermal insulation performance. However, both of these solutions relatively complicate the manufacturing process of the plywood and increase the manufacturing cost.
In order to simplify the preparation process, reduce the preparation cost and fully utilize the inherent material property of wood, the technical scheme that the veneer forming the plywood is subjected to heat treatment and the prepared plywood has the heat insulation performance by reducing the heat conduction performance of the veneer is formed in the prior art. However, the heat treatment process reduces the thermal conductivity of wood and also reduces the mechanical strength of wood, which affects the use of plywood in the building construction field, because it is known that plywood with relatively high mechanical strength is required in building construction.
In summary, there is a lack of a thermal insulation plywood with both thermal insulation effect and mechanical strength in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a technical object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a thermal insulation plywood, which combines thermal insulation effect and mechanical strength by combining veneers having different degrees of thermal treatment; the application also provides a manufacturing method for preparing the heat-insulating plywood.
For realizing the first technical purpose of this application, this application provides a thermal-insulated plywood, include 5 ~ 20 layers of range upon range of subassemblies and the veneer of gluing each other, the veneer all passes through thermal treatment, constitutes this kind of thermal-insulated plywood the thermal treatment quality loss rate of veneer, certainly the sandwich layer department of thermal-insulated plywood to the top layer department successive layer of thermal-insulated plywood increases progressively.
By means of the product, the assembly compounding of the veneers with different heat treatment degrees is carried out, particularly, the assembly mode is that the veneer with relatively higher heat treatment degree is arranged at the surface layer or the position close to the surface layer, the veneer with relatively lower heat treatment degree is arranged at the core layer or the position close to the core layer, thus, veneers with higher heat treatment levels (veneers with relatively lower thermal conductivity) provide the thermal insulation properties of the resulting plywood, the veneer with lower heat treatment degree (the veneer with relatively higher mechanical strength) provides the mechanical strength of the prepared plywood, so that the heat-insulating plywood has both heat-insulating property and mechanical strength, therefore, when the heat insulation plywood of the technical scheme of the application is used for manufacturing furniture, particularly a cabinet for a balcony, the internal temperature of cabinet can be reduced to avoid placing the internal article of balcony cabinet and receiving the destruction of sunshine high temperature.
In the present technical solution, the heat treatment degree is characterized by a heat treatment mass loss rate, wherein the heat treatment mass loss rate refers to a ratio of a mass lost by a unit thickness (in the technical solution of the present application, the unit thickness is defined as 0.5mm) of a single plate material during a heat treatment process to an original mass thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat treatment mass loss rate in the thickness direction of the heat insulating plywood gradually increases from the core layer to the surface layer.
In the technical scheme, the heat treatment quality loss rate of the veneers used for forming the partial structure of the core layer of the plywood unit gradually increases from the core layer forming the plywood unit to the surface layer close to the plywood unit; the heat treatment quality loss rate of the veneers used for forming the surface layer part structure of the plywood unit gradually decreases from the surface layer forming the plywood unit to the side of the core layer close to the plywood unit; the heat treatment quality loss rate of the veneers forming part of the structure between the surface layer and the core layer of the plywood unit is gradually reduced from one side of the surface layer close to the plywood unit to one side of the core layer close to the plywood unit. Therefore, the technical effect that the heat treatment quality loss rate in the thickness direction of the heat insulation plywood gradually increases from the core layer to the surface layer is achieved.
The single-layer veneers are also formed with gradient differences of heat treatment degrees, one side surface of one veneer with the maximum heat treatment degree is glued with one surface of the second veneer with the minimum heat treatment degree, the other side surface of the minimum heat treatment degree is glued with one surface of a third veneer with the maximum heat treatment degree, and the heat treatment degree difference between the veneers is changed in a gradient manner, so that the fault formation at the joint of the two adjacent layers due to different heat treatment degrees between the veneers can be effectively avoided. The faults are caused by different dimensional stability and different mechanical strength due to different heat treatment degrees, and the faults can negatively influence the practical performance (such as gluing strength, shearing strength and the like) of the prepared plywood to a certain degree. The influence is not significant in the plywood formed by 15-20 veneers, but is significant in the plywood formed by 5-7 veneers.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat treatment quality loss rate of the surface layer of the heat insulation plywood is 2.0-3.6 times of that of the core layer of the heat insulation plywood.
According to the technical scheme, when the ratio of the heat treatment quality loss rate of the surface layer of the heat insulation plywood to the heat treatment quality loss rate of the core layer of the heat insulation plywood is 2.0-3.6 and the heat treatment quality loss rate in the thickness direction of the heat insulation plywood gradually increases from the core layer to the surface layer, the plywood manufactured through assembly can achieve the technical effects that the mechanical property is the least compared with the plywood which is not subjected to heat treatment, and the heat insulation effect is the best.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat treatment quality loss rate of the surface layer of the heat insulation plywood is 2.6-3.2 times of that of the core layer of the heat insulation plywood.
As a preferred embodiment, the density of the veneer is 400-650 kg/m3。
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the single plate is 1 to 5 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the veneers are all subjected to mould proof treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the average thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating plywood is 0.10-0.14 w/m.k, and the prevention and control rate on mould, blue-stain bacteria and aspergillus niger is more than 90%.
In order to achieve the second technical object of the present application, the present application further provides a method for manufacturing the heat insulation plywood, which at least includes a step of drying the veneers and a step of heat treatment of the veneers, wherein the step of drying the veneers uses 5 to 20 layers of the veneers as processing units, and after the processing, the average moisture content in the veneer of the veneer on the surface layer is 5 to 8%, the average moisture content in the veneer of the veneer on the core layer is 18 to 25%, and the moisture content gradient between the veneer on the surface layer and the veneer on the core layer is 15 to 20%.
By using the method, 5-20 layers of single plates are taken as an integral processing unit, so that the step of drying the single plates can be utilized to form a gradient of water content with low outside and high inside in the processing unit, namely the water content of each layer of single plates forming the processing unit gradually decreases from the core layer of the processing unit to the surface layer of the processing unit, and the gradient of the water content is also formed in each layer of single plates. By using this moisture content gradient, a heat treatment temperature difference can be formed within the processing unit in the step of heat-treating the veneer, and a thickness portion having a relatively low moisture content will have a relatively high heat treatment temperature as compared with a thickness portion having a relatively high moisture content. Thus, the heat treatment degree of the single sheet at the surface layer and the core layer is relatively high, and the heat treatment degree of the single sheet at the core layer and the core layer is relatively low, so that the heat treatment quality loss rate in the thickness direction of the treatment unit gradually increases from the core layer to the surface layer. The heat insulation plywood in the technical scheme is prepared by gluing each layer of veneers in the processing unit, so the heat treatment quality loss rate in the thickness direction is gradually increased from the core layer to the surface layer.
In the technical scheme, the gradient heat treatment effect is realized only by improving the existing drying treatment and heat treatment processes, and the prepared plywood has the heat insulation effect and the mechanical strength. And the improvement does not involve the increase of production elements, so that compared with the technical scheme in the prior art, the treatment process is relatively simple and the cost is relatively low.
Meanwhile, the veneer is dried and thermally treated in the form of the treatment unit, so that the veneer (particularly the veneer with relatively thin thickness) can be effectively prevented from being damaged and deformed in the drying treatment and thermal treatment processes, a complete and straight veneer is obtained, and the outturn percentage is relatively high.
In a preferred embodiment, the treatment units are formed by stacking and assembling 5 to 20 layers of the single plates, and the upper and lower treatment units are spaced by spacers.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of drying the veneer, the temperature of the processing environment is 60 to 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of the processing environment is 30 to 40 HR%.
As a preferred embodiment, before the step of drying the single plates, the initial moisture content of the single plates is 50-90%, and the difference in moisture content between the single plates is not more than 5%.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of heat treatment of the veneer, the dry bulb temperature of the treatment environment is 180 to 250 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100 to 105 ℃, and the treatment time is 35 to 60 min.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for manufacturing the heat insulation plywood further comprises a step of performing mould proof treatment in situ after the step of heat treatment of the veneer, wherein in the step of mould proof treatment, water-borne mould proof liquid with the volume concentration of 3-10% is sprayed to the treatment unit in three times in the form of atomized water spray, the spraying amount of the single mould proof liquid is 30-40 kg per cubic meter of wood, 20-40 kg per cubic meter of wood and 10-20 kg per cubic meter of wood in sequence, and the total spraying amount of the mould proof liquid is 60-100 kg per cubic meter of wood.
In the prior art, the main mildew-proof treatment methods include water immersion, a vacuum pressurization method, and the like, and drying is required in the mildew-proof treatment so that the treated material has a moisture content relatively suitable for processing or use. In the technical scheme, the moisture content of the veneer (the processing unit) is reduced to 0-3% after heat treatment, the porosity is improved, and the veneer (the processing unit) has relatively high medicament adsorbability, so that the veneer (the processing unit) after heat treatment can be subjected to mildew-proof treatment in a normal-pressure spraying mode, a drying step after the mildew-proof treatment is not needed, and the preparation process is simplified. Meanwhile, the damage to the veneer caused by secondary drying can be avoided, and the wood breakage rate is reduced. On the other hand, the single board (processing unit) can relatively uniformly absorb the mildew-proof agent by spraying the agent three times.
In summary, in the technical solution of the present application, the heat insulation plywood of the present invention has both heat insulation effect and mechanical strength; the manufacturing method for preparing the heat-insulating plywood does not involve the increase of production elements, and has relatively simple treatment process and relatively low cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: the manufacturing method of the heat insulation plywood comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting materials, namely selecting materials with the density of 400-650 kg/m3And the initial water content of the veneers with the thickness of 1mm is 60-70%, and the water content difference between the veneers is not more than 5%.
S2, drying the single plates, wherein the processing unit consists of 20 layers of single plates; when the processing units are stacked, the upper processing unit and the lower processing unit are separated by using the parting strips, the adjacent parting strips in the same separation channel are spaced by 10-15 cm, the placing direction of the parting strips is vertical to the wood grain following direction, and the top of the stacked processing units is covered; the temperature of the treatment environment is 80-84 ℃ (82 +/-2 ℃), the relative humidity is 30-34 HR% (32 +/-2 HR%), and the water content standard is adopted; finally, the average moisture content in the single plates on the surface layer in the processing unit is 4.5-5.5% (the average moisture content of the materials with the thickness of 0.5mm in the surface layer of the 1 st single plate and the bottom layer of the 20 th single plate from top to bottom is 5.0 +/-0.5%), the average moisture content in the single plates on the core layer is 18-20% (the average moisture content of the materials with the thickness of 0.5mm, which are jointly formed by the materials with the thickness of 0.25mm in the bottom layer of the 11 th layer and the materials with the thickness of 0.25mm in the surface layer of the 12 th layer from top to bottom is 19.5 +/-0.5%), and the gradient of the moisture content of the single plates on the surface layer and the inner layer is 15-20%.
And S3, carrying out heat treatment on the treatment unit in situ, wherein the highest temperature of the heat treatment is 200 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100-105 ℃, the treatment time is 60min, and a heat treatment degree gradient is formed inside the single plate and the whole treatment unit to obtain the single plates with different heat treatment degrees. Specifically, after the heat treatment, the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material of the top layer of the 1 st veneer and the bottom layer of the 20 th veneer from top to bottom was 8.8%, and the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material of the 0.25mm thick material of the bottom layer of the 11 th veneer and the 0.25mm thick material of the top layer of the 12 th veneer from top to bottom was 3.3%, whereby the heat treatment mass loss rate of the top layer of the heat-insulating plywood was about 2.7 times that of the core layer thereof.
S4, performing mould proof treatment, namely spraying water-borne mould proof liquid with the volume concentration of 3-10% to the treatment unit in three times in an atomized water spraying mode in a coordinated mode after the step of heat treatment of the veneer, wherein an atomized water spraying mechanism in a heat treatment kiln can be adopted as the atomized water spraying mechanism; the spraying amount of the single mildew-proof liquid is 30-40 kg (such as 35kg) per cubic meter of wood, 20-40 kg (such as 30kg) per cubic meter of wood and 10-20 kg (such as 15kg) per cubic meter of wood in sequence, and the total spraying amount of the mildew-proof liquid is 60-100 kg (such as 80kg) per cubic meter of wood.
And S5, assembling, namely coating the two sides of the single plate subjected to mildew-proof treatment with glue, wherein the glue can be water-soluble glue such as a phenolic resin adhesive, a modified urea-formaldehyde adhesive and the like, and the phenolic resin adhesive is adopted in the embodiment.
S6, gluing: pre-pressing the assembled plywood blank at normal temperature for 8-12 min (for example, 10min), wherein the pre-pressing pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa (for example, 0.5MPa), and then maintaining the pressure for 250-400 min (for example, 320min) by using a treatment process with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ (for example, 130 ℃) and the pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa (for example, 0.6 MPa).
And S7, unloading to finish the preparation of the plywood.
Example 2: example 2 differs from example 1 in that,
(1) in the step of selecting the material (S1), the thickness of the veneer is 2mm, and the initial water content is 70-80%.
(2) In the step (S2) of drying the single plates, the processing unit is composed of 15 layers of single plates, the temperature of the processing environment is 70 to 74 ℃ (72 ± 2 ℃), the relative humidity is 32 to 36 HR% (34 ± 2 HR%), the average moisture content in the single plates on the surface layer in the processing unit is 6.5 to 8% (the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm on the surface layer of the 1 st layer single plate and the bottom layer of the 15 th layer single plate is 6.3 ± 0.2%) and the average moisture content in the single plates on the core layer in the processing unit is 23 to 25% (the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm on the thickness center of the 8 th layer from top to bottom is 24.8 ± 0.2%).
(3) In the step (S3) of heat treatment of the veneer, the maximum temperature of the heat treatment is 210 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100-105 ℃, the treatment time is 50min, and a heat treatment degree gradient is formed inside the veneer and the whole processing unit, so that the veneers with different heat treatment degrees are obtained. Specifically, after the heat treatment, the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the top layer of the 1 st veneer and the bottom layer of the 15 th veneer from top to bottom was 9.7%, and the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the center of the thickness of the 8 th layer from top to bottom was 3.6%, whereby the heat treatment mass loss rate of the top layer of the heat-insulating plywood was about 2.7 times that of the core layer.
Example 3: example 3 differs from example 1 in that:
(1) in the step of selecting the material (S1), the thickness of the veneer is 3.5mm, and the initial water content is 80-90%.
(2) In the step (S2) of drying the single plates, the processing unit is composed of 10 single plates, the temperature of the processing environment is 78-82 ℃ (80 ± 2 ℃), the relative humidity is 34-38 HR% (36 ± 2 HR%), the average moisture content in the single plates on the surface layer in the processing unit is 5-6.5% (the average moisture content in the surface layer of the 1 st single plate and the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm in the bottom layer of the 10 th single plate are 5.2 ± 0.2%), and the average moisture content in the single plates on the core layer in the processing unit is 23-25% (the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm in the bottom layer of the 5 th single plate and the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.25mm in the surface layer of the 6 layer are 24.8 ± 0.2%).
(3) In the step (S3) of heat treatment of the veneer, the highest temperature of the heat treatment is 230 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100-105 ℃, the treatment time is 40min, and a heat treatment degree gradient is formed inside the veneer and the whole processing unit, so that the veneers with different heat treatment degrees are obtained. Specifically, after the heat treatment, the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the top layer of the 1 st veneer and the bottom layer of the 10 th veneer from top to bottom was 10.7%, and the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the bottom layer of the 5 th veneer and the 0.25mm thick material in the top layer of the 6 th veneer from top to bottom was 4.1%, whereby the heat treatment mass loss rate of the top layer of the heat-insulating plywood was about 2.6 times that of the core layer thereof.
Example 4: example 4 differs from example 1 in that:
(1) in the step of selecting the material (S1), the thickness of the veneer is 5mm, and the initial water content is 50-60%.
(2) In the step (S2) of drying the single plates, the processing unit is composed of 5 layers of single plates, the temperature of the processing environment is 86-90 ℃ (88 ± 2 ℃), the relative humidity is 36-40 HR% (38 ± 2 HR%), the average moisture content in the single plates on the surface layer in the processing unit is 6.5-8% (the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm on the surface layer of the 1 st layer single plate and the bottom layer of the 3 rd layer single plate is 6.3 ± 0.2%) and the average moisture content in the single plates on the core layer is 18-20% (the average moisture content in the material with the thickness of 0.5mm on the thickness center of the 2 nd layer is 19.8 ± 0.2%).
(3) In the step (S3) of heat treatment of the veneer, the highest temperature of the heat treatment is 250 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100-105 ℃, the treatment time is 35min, and a heat treatment degree gradient is formed inside the veneer and the whole processing unit, so that the veneers with different heat treatment degrees are obtained. Specifically, after the heat treatment, the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the top layer of the 1 st veneer and the bottom layer of the 3 rd veneer from top to bottom was 15.1%, and the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the 0.5mm thick material in the thickness center of the 2 nd layer was 5%, whereby the heat treatment mass loss rate of the top layer of the heat-insulating plywood was about 3 times that of the core layer thereof.
Example 5: example 5 differs from example 1 in that:
(1) in the material selecting step (S1), the veneer thickness is 5 mm.
(2) In the step (S2) of drying the veneers, the processing unit is composed of 5 veneers, the veneers are used as the minimum processing unit, the veneers forming the upper layer and the lower layer of the heat insulation plywood are dried to the moisture content of 6.5-8%, the veneers forming the core layer of the heat insulation plywood are dried to the moisture content of 18-20%, and no gradient difference of the moisture content exists in the veneers of the 5 layers.
(3) In the step (S3) of heat treatment of the single plates, the maximum temperature of the heat treatment is 250 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100 to 105 ℃, the treatment time is 35min, the heat treatment degrees of the interior of the single plates are uniform, and the heat treatment degrees of the upper and lower single plates are the same and different from the heat treatment degree of the single plate of the core layer. Specifically, after the heat treatment, the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the upper and lower veneers was 15.6%, and the average heat treatment mass loss rate of the core veneer was 4.9%, so that the heat treatment mass loss rate of the surface layer of the heat-insulating plywood was about 3.2 times that of the core layer.
The properties of the insulated plywood produced by the manufacturing methods of examples 1 to 5 are shown in table 1. The comparison group 1 in the table is a common plywood sold in the market, the thickness of a single board is 1mm, and 20 layers are formed; the comparison group 2 in the table is a common plywood sold in the market, the thickness of a single board is 5mm, and the number of the single boards is 5; the control group 3 in the table is a commercial heat insulation plywood, the thickness of the veneer is 3.5mm, the number of the veneers is 10, and the veneer is assembled and glued after heat treatment at 210 ℃ for 50 min. The mildew resistance is measured according to GB/T18261-2013 test method for the control efficiency of the mildew preventive on wood mildew and discoloring bacteria, the surface does not grow mildew, blue-turning bacteria and aspergillus niger in the environment with the relative humidity of 85-95 HR% and the temperature of more than 25 ℃, and the control efficiency within 4 weeks is measured.
TABLE 1 product Properties of the insulated plywood sheets of examples 1 to 5
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A heat insulation plywood comprises 5-20 layers of single boards which are stacked and assembled and are mutually glued, and the single boards are subjected to heat treatment;
the heat treatment quality loss rate in the thickness direction of the heat insulation plywood gradually increases from the core layer to the surface layer;
the method for manufacturing the heat insulation plywood at least comprises a step of drying the veneers and a step of thermally treating the veneers, wherein in the step of drying the veneers, 5-20 layers of veneers are taken as a treatment unit, after treatment, the average moisture content in the veneers on the surface layer is 5-8%, the average moisture content in the veneers on the core layer is 18-25%, and the gradient of the moisture content of the veneers on the surface layer and the veneers on the core layer is 15-20%, and the treatment unit is thermally treated in situ;
in the technical scheme, the heat treatment degree is characterized by a heat treatment quality loss rate, wherein the heat treatment quality loss rate is the ratio of the mass lost by a single plate material with unit thickness in the heat treatment process to the original mass, and the unit thickness is 0.5 mm.
2. The heat insulation plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat treatment quality loss rate of the surface layer of the heat insulation plywood is 2.0 to 3.6 times that of the core layer.
3. The insulated plywood of claim 1, wherein the veneers are each mildewed.
4. The heat-insulating plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating plywood has an average thermal conductivity of 0.10 to 0.14 w/m.k and a control rate of at least 90% against mold, cyanobacteria, and aspergillus niger.
5. The method for manufacturing heat-insulating plywood according to claim 1, wherein in the step of drying the veneer, the temperature of the processing environment is 60 to 90 ℃ and the relative humidity of the processing environment is 30 to 40 HR%.
6. The method for manufacturing heat-insulating plywood according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the initial moisture content of the veneers is 50-90% before the step of drying the veneers, and the difference of the moisture content between the veneers is not more than 5%.
7. The method for manufacturing the heat-insulating plywood according to claim 1, wherein in the step of heat treatment of the veneers, the dry bulb temperature of the treatment environment is 180-250 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 100-105 ℃, and the treatment time is 35-60 min.
8. The method for manufacturing the heat-insulating plywood as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a step of performing mould proof treatment in situ after the step of heat treating the veneer, wherein in the step of mould proof treatment, water-borne mould proof liquid with the volume concentration of 3-10% is sprayed to the treatment unit in three times in the form of atomized water spray, the spraying amount of the single mould proof liquid is 30-40 kg per cubic meter of wood, 20-40 kg per cubic meter of wood and 10-20 kg per cubic meter of wood in sequence, and the spraying amount of the total mould proof liquid is 60-100 kg per cubic meter of wood.
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