CN102922585A - Preparation method of carbonized flame-retardant compressed sectional material - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbonized flame-retardant compressed sectional material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the production field of wooden products, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a carbonized flame-retardant compressed sectional material. The preparation method of the carbonized flame-retardant compressed sectional material is characterized by orderly comprising the following steps: A, preparing a material: preparing a wood blank by a fast growing wood of a log; B, carbonizing; C, dipping the wood blank in a fire retardant of which the thermal decomposition temperature is more than 200 degrees centigrade for 1-2h at normal pressure or low pressure; D, compressing: on a thermal compressor, firstly controlling the temperature of a thermal compressor base plate to be 170-220 DEG C, then, sending the wood obtained after being processed in the step B to the thermal compressor, quickly closing the thermal compressor until the wood is just contacted, preheating the wood for 10-120s, quickly pressing and keeping the temperature and pressure for 1-5h; and E, molding for 5-8h. With the adoption of the production method, a fast growing wood flame-retardant sectional material with larger thickness can be molded and processed for one time, and the prepared sectional material is strong in corrosion resistance and weather resistance, long in service life and wide in use approach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the woodwork production field, relate in particular to the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing.
Background technology
Timber is as renewable resource, more and more be subject to people's attention, but the anisotropy of timber itself, so that timber use procedure occur easily warpage, cracking, distortion, perishable, easily mould, service life short, fast growing wood particularly, these defects in timber are more serious, thereby limited the use approach of timber.Therefore, for the dimensional stability that improves timber and the service life of prolonging wood, people have carried out the scientific research activity of a lot of lumber functionality improvements.
The nineties in last century, Finland, Holland, France and the Germany in Europe began carbonized wood (formal name used at school: heat treatment wood or heat modification material) is studied, what typical process adopted is that timber pickling is processed in high temperature (160 ℃～240 ℃) deep fat, or the employing inert gas is that heat medium high temperature (160 ℃～240 ℃) is processed timber, the timber that processing obtains has good stability and service life, begins to realize industrialization the end of the nineties.But these complex process in Europe, production cost is high.Our company is at Chinese patent literature CN1868704(2006-11-29) once open " Wood carbonization treatment method ", what the method adopted is that superheated vapour is heat medium under the normal pressure, adopt the continuous warming method under (160 ℃～240 ℃) condition, timber to be processed, the timber that processing obtains obtains good performance, because production technology is simple, production process is not added any chemical agent, and has realized industrialization very soon.Our company is at Chinese patent literature CN1868708A(2006-11-29) once open " production method of carbonizing wood floor board ", realized the application of this technology in solid wooden floor board, so that solid wooden floor board can be applied to ground heating for the first time, and realize industrialization production.Our company proves through industrialization production practices for many years, a lot of Technologies for Heating Processing can both be processed and obtain carbonized wood, but the first moisture content of timber before the heat treatment, the separated layer water cut of timber, residual stress in the timber, these three indexs have conclusive effect to the quality that improves carbonized wood and the volume recovery that improves carbonized wood, particularly the first moisture content of timber is the core of this three influence factor, the technical matters that the technical program adopts is that our company is on original patented technology basis, obtain through for many years production practices, namely consider to improve quality and the volume recovery of carbonized wood, also consider saving energy and reduce the cost in the industrialization process simultaneously.
Zhejiang Forestry Institute is at Chinese patent literature CN101069972A(2007-11-14) once open " a kind of production method of charred wood by heat treatment ", the method is first moisture content to be lower than 12% timber, the seasoning stacking is put into carbonizing kiln routinely, in 1～3h, be raised to 50～80 ℃, the programming rate of following with 10～18 ℃ is warmed up to 95～105 ℃, the speed of following with 3～8 ℃ is warmed up to 120～130 ℃, make the inner moisture content of timber almost drop to 0 ℃, speed with 12～20 ℃/h is warmed up between 185～220 ℃ again, insulation 2～8h, and adopt batch (-type) spray steaming method to spray to steam and process, adopt batch (-type) spray steaming method to lower the temperature after finishing, drop to 120～140 ℃, then adopt porting folding at intermittence and batch (-type) spray steaming method to cool to 70～85 ℃, and keep 1～4h, make the moisture content of timber return to 4～9%, kiln discharge.This Technology for Heating Processing is only applicable to small lot laboratory and the little timber board of thickness, can not be used for large-scale industrial production.Perennial product empirical evidence through our company: be higher than more than 8% such as the first moisture content of processing timber with such scheme, lumber thickness is during greater than 20mm, can make timber after processing, the generation table splits and implosion easily, and adopt above-mentioned batch (-type) spray to steam intensification and cooling, be easy to cause that generation is on fire in the charing processing procedure, be warmed up between 185～220 ℃ with the speed of 15～20 ℃/h and process timber, meeting is inequality because timber is heated, make inequality in the Wood color table that deals, can greatly reduce timber volume recovery and anti-low grading of timber.
Shanghai Dabutong Wood Industry ﹠ Technology Co., Ltd. is at Chinese patent literature CN101497799A(2009-8-5) " a kind of superhigh temperature wood carbonization method " once disclosed, the method heats up too fast in the starting stage of processing timber, moisture content such as timber is very high, meeting is so that timber is processed generation in early stage table in charing splits, the charing later stage produces implosion, and the village that goes out that reduces timber leads quality with timber.
Above-mentioned all technical schemes are processed the timber that obtains, although can improve to some extent wood dimensional stability, improve the corrosion resistant weatherability of timber, the service life of prolonging wood, but the dimensional stability of timber on average improves about 30% than its material, the corrosion resistant weatherability on average reaches secondary, and (that is: the mass loss of corrosion resistant level is 11～24%, press GB/T 13942.1-2009), (crack width is less than 4mm also can to make wood surface produce small crackle in some occasion such as outdoor utility, the little 20cm of length), uvioresistant is poor, under very moist environment, also go mouldy easily, corroded by termite easily, in addition, the mechanical performance index of timber is compared with material, case hardness such as timber reduces by 3～8%, MOR reduces by 4～10%, handled fast growing wood particularly, compare these two indexs with material lower, the case hardness of fast growing wood reduced by 5～10% after charing was processed, the fast growing wood MOR reduces by 5～12%, therefore, this is for timber, fast growing wood particularly, the wood performance that obtains after the superhigh temperature heat treatment fails to satisfy people's demand.
The method of producing at present difficult firebrand material is relatively backward, mainly contains following several:
A kind ofly be with the fire retardant brushing or be sprayed on the wood surface that this method is more original, shortcoming is that fire retardant only applies at wood surface, and flame retardant effect is poor;
A kind of is at normal temperatures, with the dissolving of fire retardant water, makes fire resistant fluid, and again with timber pickling, it is slow that this method adds mutual speed, and flame retardant effect is poor;
A kind of is that the heating infusion process is produced fire retarding wood, add mutual speed, but fuel consumption is large, and product cost is high, and the timber serviceability is poor, flexible type;
A kind of is that the vacuum pressed infusion process is produced fire retarding wood, comprises and gets the raw materials ready, prepares fire resistant fluid, flame treatment, drying, assembly, glue laminated, finished product.
At present use more organic fire-retardant to be pollopas, cost is high, and all has some problems, causes such as resin that Wood color is excessively dark, resin is unstable, technique is numerous and diverse etc.
Prior art uses thin veneer to prepare fire-retardant material usually, and then gummed.Timber is to become veneer through slicing, veneer forms by the simple gluing and solidifying of adhesive between layers, both itself are not as a whole, do not pass through the lumber functionality improvement technical finesse, and because the factors such as cost, so that the section bar of producing, burst size of methanal is in use unavoidably arranged, very easily cracking, warpage, the phenomenon such as go mouldy affect service life on floor, also can cause environmental pollution in process of production.Guangzhou Jia Han forestry Co., Ltd discloses a kind of single-veneer composite decoration board in Chinese patent CN101637928A (2010-2-3), used veneer carries out flame treatment before slitting or/and charing is processed, and the method is difficult to process the large fast-growing solid wood profile of thickness.
Also have compression compact layer and substrate layer itself as a whole in the prior art, but the medicine dipping must be carried out in this floor before compression, as soaking seven days in pf resin of low molecular weight (PF), then compress.But the substrate layer that this method is processed is mechanical compress not to be solidified, and in use is subjected to the impact of temperature and humidity, and the dimensional stability of section bar is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for addressing the above problem, a kind of advantage that can gather fire retardant processing, charing heat treatment and surface compressed timber three is provided, overcome its separately preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of charing of shortcoming.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing comprises step successively:
A. saw lumber: make the timber blank by former fast growing wood;
B. charing;
C. normal pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1-2h more than 200 ℃;
D. compression: on hot press, controlling first hot press backing plate temperature is 170～220 ℃, and the timber that obtains after then step B being processed is sent hot press to, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 10～120s, then pressurize rapidly and heat-insulation pressure keeping 1～5h;
E. 5-8h finalizes the design.
Described former fast growing wood is that air-dry density is less than 650kg/m
3Timber, by the method for saw lumber, make the cork flooring blank of required size, be 600mm to 2000mm as long, wide be 110mm to 200mm, thick is 19.5mm to 23mm, carries out sawing procedure in the saw lumber process, with the volume recovery of raising timber.
Compressed carbonized behind this process using dipping fire retardant, can one-shot forming process the large fast-growing solid wood profile of thickness, and promote the fire-retardant timber inside that penetrates into, and be difficult for running off, make the performance of the timber that makes combine the separately advantage of obtained timber of fire-retardant, compression and charring process.
Preferably, the described charring process of step B is to pile the top by 1t/m with the neat piling of timber and at timber
2Standard compression steel plate frame pouring concrete briquetting, then pack in the carbonization of wood equipment, heat up rapidly and humidification, temperature is elevated to 80～90 ℃, the humidity humidification is 70～80% to relative humidity, keep 2～4h, then adopt the staged temperature-rising method to be warmed up to 125～135 ℃ and keep 2h～4h according to the speed of (10～20 ℃)/h, and then employing staged temperature-rising method, temperature is warming up to 175～200 ℃ according to the speed of (8～15 ℃)/h, and under maximum temperature, keep 2～4h, adopt after finishing jet atomization water method allow the timber fast cooling to the carbonization device temperature less than below 120 ℃ the time, stopped heating and atomized water spraying finish charing, kiln discharge immediately when naturally lowering the temperature 7～12h to 40～60 ℃.
As preferably, described step B normal temperature and pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1.5h more than 200 ℃.
As preferably, described step D is on hot press, and control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, and the timber that obtains after step b is processed is sent hot press to, and the rapid closing hot press to timber preheating 50～100s, then is incubated 1～3h when just contacting timber.
As preferably, described step D is on hot press, and control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, and the timber that obtains after step b is processed is sent hot press to, and the rapid closing hot press to timber preheating 80s, then is incubated 2h when just contacting timber.
As preferably, described step e typing 5-8h.
As preferably, described fire retardant is the acetylate solution of 2,2-two (3,5-diaminourea-4-hydroxy phenyl) propane.
As preferably, described fire retardant is APP solution.
As preferably, described 2, the concentration of the acetylate solution fire retardant of 2-two (3,5-diaminourea-4-hydroxy phenyl) propane is 15-20wt%.
As preferably, the concentration of described APP solution fire retardant is 35-45wt%.
Carbonization of wood treatment process of the present invention be on the patent that our company has " ZL200610051117.8 production method of carbonizing wood floor board " and " ZL200610051118.2 Wood carbonization treatment method " two patented technology scheme bases through for many years production practices, take into account on the basis of energy-conservation and carbonized wood product quality and improve gained.Present technique technique has shortened the charing processing time, has improved product quality.In carbonization process, adopt under 175 ℃～200 ℃ hot and humid conditions and process timber, dissolving timber extract, make the minimizings such as active group in the timber such as hydroxyl, get through timber conduit and pit, and don't the case hardness of timber and MOR are reduced, make timber have outstanding wood color, and this process can also significantly be eliminated the inner stress that forms of the rear sheet material of drying and charing processing, greatly reduced the seasoning defect drying defect of timber inside such as implosion, table and split etc., so that the timber volume recovery that fire retardant deals is high.
Adopt the cooling of continous way jet atomization water method, safe and simple, can not cause and catch fire, timber is heated evenly, and is even in the Wood color table that deals, the timber volume recovery is high, behind fast cooling, the moisture content of timber is very low, greatly about 1.5%～3%, reach the required optimum moisture content of flame-retardant impregnating, and formed high outside and low outside moisture content gradient of wood.
Strong through fast-growing solid wood profile dimensional stability height, corrosion resistance after the charring process processing of the present invention, inaccessible conduit and the pit of timber are got through, add the high outside and low outside moisture content gradient of wood that fast cooling forms after the charing, be conducive to fire resistant fluid and be penetrated into timber inside, be difficult for running off, efficiently solve easy loss and the instability problem of fire retardant.
The process of the warm of step D of the present invention for wood surface is softened, make in the middle of the process of compression, only the timber top layer is compressed, make the wood surface physics such as the surface strength of timber and wearability that great raising be arranged, make the surface physical properties of this compression wood equal to the hard broadleaf, make simultaneously the modulus of elasticity in static bending, the bending strength of timber that great raising is arranged, also greatly improved the dimensional stability of timber.
Ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant of the present invention is preferably crystallization II-type ammonium polyphosphate with high degree of polymerization (NH
4PO
3)
n(n＞20), this product belongs to the important branch of inorganic phosphor-contained flame-retardant additive series.Product phosphorus and nitrogen content are high, and heat endurance and chemical stability are good.
In sum, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the advantage of set charing, surface compression and wood treated with fire retardants overcomes its shortcoming separately, is convenient to the production of industrialization streamline, and production cost is low, volume recovery is high;
2, nontoxic, the harmless free from environmental pollution and water resource of timber improving technology of the present invention, its production process also is free of contamination environment-friendly type production;
3, process that the Wood color obtain is attractive in appearance, dimensional stability is high, the corrosion resistant weatherability is strong, mechanical property good, long service life, can reach 3～4 times of general timber its service life;
4, after flame treatment and compression, secondary has been strengthened section bar rotproofness, weatherability and dimensional stability, greatly widen fast growing wood and seeds utilize approach, be particularly useful for outdoor gardening view application, outdoor furniture, solid wood furniture, ground heating with solid wooden floor board, sauna house, musical instrument etc.;
5, the present invention is specially adapted to the processing of fast growing wood softwood, and the solid wood profile after the improvement can replace hardwood, satisfies people to the wood quality requirement, reduces the tropical rain forest felling, saves Forest Energy, becomes the ideal material of making household articles.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of charing comprises step:
A. saw lumber: make the timber blank by former fast growing wood;
B. charing: press 1t/m with the neat piling of timber and at timber heap top
2Standard compression steel plate frame pouring concrete briquetting, then pack in the carbonization of wood equipment, heat up rapidly and humidification, temperature is elevated to 80～90 ℃, the humidity humidification is 70～80% to relative humidity, keep 2～4h, then adopt the staged temperature-rising method to be warmed up to 125～135 ℃ and keep 2h～4h according to the speed of (10～20 ℃)/h, and then employing staged temperature-rising method, temperature is warming up to 175～200 ℃ according to the speed of (8～15 ℃)/h, and under maximum temperature, keep 2～4h, adopt after finishing jet atomization water method allow the timber fast cooling to the carbonization device temperature less than below 120 ℃ the time, stopped heating and atomized water spraying finish charing, kiln discharge immediately when naturally lowering the temperature 7～12h to 40～60 ℃.
C. normal pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1-2h more than 200 ℃; Fire retardant is that concentration is 2 of 15-20wt%, the acetylate solution of 2-two (3,5-diaminourea-4-hydroxy phenyl) propane;
D. compression: on hot press, controlling first hot press backing plate temperature is 170～220 ℃, and the timber that obtains after then step B being processed is sent hot press to, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 10～120s, then pressurize rapidly and heat-insulation pressure keeping 1～5h;
E. 5-8h finalizes the design.
Embodiment two
With embodiment one, the fire retardant of different is described step C is that concentration is the APP solution of 35-45wt%; Described step B normal temperature and pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1.5h more than 200 ℃; Described step D is on hot press, and control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, and the timber that obtains after step b is processed is sent hot press to, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 50～100s, then is incubated 1～3h.
Embodiment three
With embodiment one, different is described step D is on hot press, and control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, and the timber that obtains after step b is processed is sent hot press to, and the rapid closing hot press to timber preheating 80s, then is incubated 2h when just contacting timber; Described step e typing 5-8h.
This specific embodiment only is explanation of the invention; it is not limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make the modification that does not have creative contribution to present embodiment as required after reading this specification, but as long as all are subject to the protection of Patent Law in claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of charing is characterized in that comprising successively step:
A. saw lumber: make the timber blank by former fast growing wood;
B. charing;
C. normal pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1-2h more than 200 ℃;
D. compression: on hot press, controlling first hot press backing plate temperature is 170～220 ℃, and the timber that obtains after then step B being processed is sent hot press to, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 10～120s, then pressurize rapidly and heat-insulation pressure keeping 1～5h;
E. 5-8h finalizes the design.
2. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of described charing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step B charring process, be with the neat piling of timber and at timber heap top by 1t/m
2Standard compression steel plate frame pouring concrete briquetting, then pack in the carbonization of wood equipment, heat up rapidly and humidification, temperature is elevated to 80～90 ℃, the humidity humidification is 70～80% to relative humidity, keep 2～4h, then adopt the staged temperature-rising method to be warmed up to 125～135 ℃ and keep 2h～4h according to the speed of (10～20 ℃)/h, and then employing staged temperature-rising method, temperature is warming up to 175～200 ℃ according to the speed of (8～15 ℃)/h, and under maximum temperature, keep 2～4h, adopt after finishing jet atomization water method allow the timber fast cooling to the carbonization device temperature less than below 120 ℃ the time, stopped heating and atomized water spraying finish charing, kiln discharge immediately when naturally lowering the temperature 7～12h to 40～60 ℃.
3. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fire retardant of described step C is the acetylate solution of 2,2-two (3,5-diaminourea-4-hydroxy phenyl) propane.
4. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fire retardant of described step C is APP solution.
5. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of each described a kind of charing according to claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described step C normal temperature and pressure or low pressure heat of immersion decomposition temperature are at the fire retardant 1.5h more than 200 ℃.
6. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of each described a kind of charing according to claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described step D is on hot press, control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, the timber that obtains after the step b processing is sent to hot press, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 50～100s, then be incubated 1～3h.
7. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step D is on hot press, control hot press backing plate temperature is 160 ℃, the timber that obtains after the step b processing is sent to hot press, when the rapid closing hot press extremely just contacts timber, to timber preheating 80s, then be incubated 2h.
8. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described step e typing 5-8h.
9. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described fire retardant is 15-20wt%.
10. the preparation method of the fire-retardant compression section bar of a kind of charing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described fire retardant is 35-45wt%.
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| CN103144174A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江上臣地板有限公司 | Production technology of carbon crystal geothermal floor |
| CN103252817A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-21 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Production method for carbonized wood finger-joint floor |
| CN104139430A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-12 | 哈尔滨盛世华林科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing solid wood flame-retardant multilayer board |
| CN108582378A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of unilateral side surface layer compressed wood and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103144174A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江上臣地板有限公司 | Production technology of carbon crystal geothermal floor |
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| CN104139430A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-12 | 哈尔滨盛世华林科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing solid wood flame-retardant multilayer board |
| CN108582378A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of unilateral side surface layer compressed wood and preparation method thereof |
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