CN111037674B - Large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111037674B
CN111037674B CN202010005222.8A CN202010005222A CN111037674B CN 111037674 B CN111037674 B CN 111037674B CN 202010005222 A CN202010005222 A CN 202010005222A CN 111037674 B CN111037674 B CN 111037674B
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bamboo
bamboo curtain
wood
treatment
composite material
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CN111037674A (en
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李贤军
薛志成
李霞镇
徐康
李婷
牟群英
郝晓峰
杨喜
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Hunan Taohuajiang Bamboo Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan Taohuajiang Bamboo Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/142231 priority patent/WO2021136522A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/06—Manufacture of central layers; Form of central layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
    • B27J1/02—Braiding, e.g. basket-making
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material, which comprises the following steps of: placing the dried bamboo curtain unit and the dried wood veneer into a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank, and adding a treatment liquid to carry out impregnation treatment, wherein the treatment liquid comprises a phenolic resin adhesive and a mildew-proof preservative; drying and balancing the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers after the impregnation treatment, placing the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers on a conveyor belt for continuous lengthening and assembly treatment, arranging the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers in the plate blanks, performing staggered lap joint on the upper layer and the lower layer of the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers, and cutting the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers when the preset thickness and length are reached to obtain the plate blanks; the plate blank is sequentially subjected to hot press molding and post-treatment to obtain the large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material.

Description

Large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of bamboo-wood composite materials in the wood industry, relates to manufacturing of bamboo-wood composite recombined materials, and particularly relates to a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The recombined bamboo composite material has great potential application prospect in the field of modern bamboo-wood structure buildings because of the advantages of high longitudinal strength, good dimensional stability and good processability, but due to the restriction of factors such as bamboo unit size, assembly mode and the like, the length of the existing bamboo recombined material is generally less than 2m, and the recombined bamboo composite material cannot be used for manufacturing large-scale engineering materials and engineering components, and the application and development of the bamboo composite material in the field of building engineering are severely restricted. In addition, the existing recombined materials are manufactured by adopting a bamboo bundle longitudinal assembly mode, so that the transverse binding force is weak, the mechanical strength is not enough, and the defect of cracking is easily caused when the recombined materials are used outdoors. In addition, the bamboo wood is a natural biomass material rich in saccharides such as starch and the like, and is easy to decay and mildew in the use process, so that the service life of the bamboo composite material is seriously influenced. Therefore, how to produce the bamboo composite material with large length, high transverse binding force and strong corrosion resistance and weather resistance is used for manufacturing large-scale engineering materials and engineering components, and has very important significance for expanding the application field of bamboo and improving the added value of bamboo products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material which is infinitely lengthened in the length direction, has large transverse bonding force and strong mildew-proof and corrosion-resistant capabilities and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers woven by the thin bamboo strips or the bamboo bundles until the water content is within 15%;
s2, placing the dried bamboo curtain unit and the dried wood veneer into a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank, and adding a treatment liquid to carry out impregnation treatment, wherein the treatment liquid comprises a phenolic resin adhesive and a mildew-proof preservative, and the solid content of the phenolic resin adhesive in the treatment liquid is 20-30%;
s3, drying the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer after the impregnation treatment, and then carrying out balance treatment until the water content is 10-20%;
s4, placing the dried and balanced bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers on a conveyor belt for continuous lengthening and assembly, and cutting when the thickness and the length reach the preset thickness and length to obtain a plate blank; when assembling, the blank plate comprises a plurality of bamboo curtain layers and a plurality of wood veneer layers, the bamboo curtain layers are arranged between the adjacent wood veneer layers, each bamboo curtain layer is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of bamboo curtain units along the direction of a conveyor belt, and each wood veneer layer is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of wood veneers along the direction of the conveyor belt; the fiber direction of the wood veneer inside the plate blank is vertical to the fiber direction of the bamboo curtain units, and the interfaces of the adjacent bamboo curtain units of the adjacent bamboo curtain layers are arranged in a staggered manner;
and S5, sequentially carrying out hot press molding and post-treatment on the plate blank to obtain the large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material.
As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
in the step S2, the mass ratio of the mildew-proof preservative to the treatment liquid is 0.001-0.05: 1.
The mildew-proof preservative comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25% of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, 25-35% of 3-iodine-2-propynyl-butyl carbamate, 30-40% of propiconazole and 5-20% of tebuconazole.
The infusion treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, vacuumizing a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank until the vacuum degree is 0.02-0.09 MPa, keeping for 5-10 min, adding treatment liquid to completely soak the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer, pressurizing to 0.4-1.0 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10-20 min, then releasing the pressure, vacuumizing again until the vacuum degree is 0.02-0.08 MPa, keeping for 5-10 min, then releasing the pressure, and taking out the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer.
In the step S1, when the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles are woven into the bamboo curtain unit, the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles are sewn in parallel by using the knitting yarn, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is equal to the length of the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m, and the length of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m; the distance between adjacent thin bamboo strips or bamboo bundles is not more than 2mm, and the distance between adjacent braided wire is 0.3 ~ 0.5 m.
In the step S1, the preparation method of the bamboo skin includes: cutting fresh moso bamboos into bamboo tubes with the length of 1-3 m, and then cutting the bamboo tubes into thin bamboo strips with the thickness of 1-3 mm in the radial direction or the chord direction;
the preparation method of the bamboo bundle comprises the following steps: the bamboo tube is radially split into bamboo chips with the width of 15-130 mm, and then the bamboo chips are rolled into transversely loose longitudinally-through untwined bamboo bundles.
In the step S3, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃; the temperature of the balance treatment is 25-32 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-90%, the treatment time is 10-15 days, and the wind speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
In the step S4, the number of wood veneer layer layers of the slab is not more than 40% of the total number of layers of the slab; the length of the plate blank is 4-15 m, and the width of the plate blank is 1-3 m.
In the step S5, during the hot press forming, the slab core layer temperature is 130 to 155 ℃, the hot press pressure is 3 to 10MPa, and the slab core layer temperature is maintained for 5 to 20min after reaching the set temperature.
Preferably, in the step S1, if the bamboo bundle is used to weave the bamboo curtain unit, the big end and the small end of the bamboo bundle only need to be matched uniformly. Does not relate to the selection process of the bamboo chips, has higher production efficiency and is more suitable for large-scale production.
Preferably, in the step S4, the distance between the adjacent bamboo curtain unit joints of the adjacent bamboo curtain layers of the slab is less than 30 cm.
Preferably, in the step S4, the total number of layers of the board blank is an odd number, the board blank is a central layer of the wood veneer layer board blank, and the bamboo curtain layer and the wood veneer layer are respectively and symmetrically arranged along the central layer; the outermost layer of the plate blank is a wood veneer layer or a bamboo curtain layer.
Preferably, in step S4, the number of bamboo curtain layers is even.
Preferably, in step S5, the post-treatment includes a maintenance treatment and a machining treatment, and the maintenance treatment specifically includes the following steps: tightly stacking and aging the plate blanks subjected to hot press forming in an indoor environment for 14-21 days; the machining treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (5) adopting mechanical processing equipment to carry out edge cutting, saw cutting and sanding treatment on the cured plate blank.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material prepared by the methodThe density of the large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material prepared by the method is 0.7-1.2 g/cm3The length is 4-15 m and the width is 1-3 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material, which comprises the steps of carrying out continuous lengthening and assembly treatment, carrying out criss-cross lamination on bamboo and wood in a plate blank, carrying out impregnation treatment by adopting an impregnation weather-resistant treatment integrated production technology, and finishing the anticorrosion and mildew-resistant treatment while finishing an impregnation process by using a treatment solution comprising a phenolic resin adhesive and a mildew-resistant preservative, thereby simplifying the production process, greatly improving the production efficiency, ensuring that the manufactured bamboo-wood composite material has a weather-resistant effect and greatly enhancing the transverse mechanical strength, obtaining the bamboo-wood composite material which meets the target length, width and thickness according to actual requirements by virtue of the continuous lengthening and assembly treatment, breaking through the limitation of the size specification of the bamboo-wood composite material, and having wide application range.
The large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material prepared by the invention has the remarkable characteristics of large breadth size, strong transverse binding force, high corrosion resistance and mildew resistance grade and the like, and the density of the composite material is 0.7-1.2 g/cm3The length is 4-15 m, the width is 1-3 m, the transverse tensile strength can be improved by 30-70%, the mildew-proof and corrosion-resistant grade reaches the highest grade (mildew-proof performance grade 0 and corrosion-resistant performance grade 1), the requirements of manufacturing large-scale engineering materials and engineering components can be met, and the bamboo-wood composite material can be widely applied to the field of modern bamboo-wood structural building engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the weaving of the bamboo curtain unit in the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sectional assembly in the thickness direction of a slab in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for manufacturing a large-area high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material of the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparing a bamboo skin unit: cutting fresh moso bamboos into bamboo tubes with the length of 2m, brushing green and discharging bamboo partitions, and processing the bamboo tubes into radial bamboo splits with the length of 2m and the thickness of 2mm by adopting a bamboo scattering machine and a radial bamboo splitting machine.
(2) Weaving the bamboo curtain unit: weaving the radial bamboo strips into the bamboo curtain by using a weaving machine, wherein as shown in figure 2, the distance between the adjacent bamboo strips is not more than 2mm, and the distance between the adjacent sewing lines is 0.4m, so that the bamboo curtain unit with the length of 2m and the width of 2m is obtained.
When the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles are woven into the bamboo curtain unit, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is equal to the length of the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m, and the length of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m; the distance between adjacent thin bamboo strips or bamboo bundles is not more than 2mm, and the distance between adjacent braided wires is 0.3-0.5 m, all can obtain the same or similar technological effect.
(3) Drying the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer: and (3) drying the bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer unit with the thickness of 2mm, the length of 2m and the width of 1m by adopting a conventional kiln dry method, controlling the drying temperature at 90 ℃, and drying the bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer until the final water content is about 12% to obtain the dried bamboo curtain unit and poplar veneer.
(4) High-pressure impregnation treatment: placing the dried bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer in a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.06MPa (0.02-0.09 MPa can obtain the same or similar technical effect), keeping for 7min, then injecting mixed treatment liquid to completely soak the bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer, and pressurizing to 0.6MPa (0.4-1.0 MPa can obtain the same or similar technical effect); and (3) maintaining the pressure for 12min, then decompressing, carrying out post-vacuum treatment, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.06MPa (0.02-0.09 MPa can obtain the same or similar technical effect), decompressing after keeping for 6min, and finally taking out the bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer after the impregnation treatment.
The mixed treatment liquid adopted in the embodiment consists of a phenolic resin adhesive and a high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative, wherein the solid content of the phenolic resin is 25%, and the mass ratio of the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative to the mixed treatment liquid is 0.05: 1. In the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative, the organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, the 3-iodine-2-propynyl-butyl carbamate, the propiconazole and the tebuconazole respectively account for 18 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent and 15 percent of the total mass of the mildew-proof preservative.
In other embodiments, the mass ratio of the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative to the treatment liquid is 0.001-0.05: 1, and the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25% of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, 25-35% of 3-iodine-2-propynyl-butyl carbamate, 30-40% of propiconazole and 5-20% of tebuconazole, and can also achieve the same or similar technical effects.
(5) Drying and balancing the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer: drying the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer by using a mesh belt type hot air dryer at the drying temperature of 50 ℃; and after drying is finished, balancing the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer in a balancing chamber, controlling the temperature of the balancing chamber to be 25 ℃, controlling the relative humidity to be 70%, balancing for 12d, and controlling the air speed in the balancing chamber to be 0.3m/s to obtain the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer after drying and balancing.
(6) Assembly treatment: placing the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the poplar veneer which are subjected to drying and balancing treatment on a conveyor belt to perform continuous longitudinal and transverse laminated lengthening batch treatment; as shown in fig. 3, during assembly, the bamboo curtain layer and the poplar veneer layer are placed in layers, the bamboo curtain units of the bamboo curtain layer are placed longitudinally, the bamboo curtain units are connected end to end, the interfaces of the upper and lower adjacent layers are staggered, the staggered distance between the interfaces (splicing seams shown in fig. 3) of the adjacent bamboo curtain units of the upper and lower adjacent bamboo curtain layers is not less than 30cm, and the number of the wood veneer layers is not more than 40% of the total number of the slabs (the number of the wood veneer layers is 3 in the embodiment, and the total number of the slabs is 15 in the embodiment); the number of the plate blank layers follows the odd number layer and the symmetrical assembly principle, the central layer is a poplar veneer layer, the top surface and the bottom surface of the central layer are provided with longitudinal bamboo curtain layers, 1 transverse poplar veneer layer is arranged after 3 longitudinal bamboo curtain layers are arranged, a plate blank structure with the bamboo longitudinal wood transverse and upper and lower layers in staggered lap joint is formed in the plate blank, and a plate blank belt with the width of 2m and the length direction capable of being infinitely prolonged is obtained; then, the plate blank strip was cut in the longitudinal direction to obtain a plate blank having a length of 8m and a width of 2 m.
(7) Hot-press forming treatment: and (3) conveying the plate blank and the base plate together into a hot press through a conveying belt to perform hot press molding treatment, wherein the temperature of a hot press core layer is controlled at 135 ℃, the hot press pressure is controlled at 4.7MPa, and the hot press time is controlled to be 15min after the temperature of the plate blank core layer reaches a set temperature.
In other embodiments, the temperature of the slab core layer is 130-155 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 3-10 MPa, and the same or similar technical effects can be obtained when the temperature of the slab core layer reaches the set temperature and then is kept for 5-20 min.
(8) And (3) maintenance treatment: stacking the formed slabs after hot press forming, wherein the upper and lower formed slabs are separated by a parting bead with the thickness of 25mm and the width of 35mm during stacking, the formed slabs on the same layer are close to each other, and the gap between the parting beads on the same layer is 40 cm; and placing the formed plate blank in a balance warehouse for curing for 15 days.
(9) And (3) machining treatment: and after the maintenance is finished, machining the molded plate blank after the maintenance treatment by using a plate cutting saw, a sliding table saw and the like to obtain the large-area high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material.
The large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material produced by the embodiment has the length of 8m, the width of 2m and the actual density of 0.83 g/cm3. Compared with the common recombined bamboo produced by adopting the prior art, the transverse tensile strength of the recombined bamboo is improved by 32 percent, the mildew-proof and corrosion-resistant grade reaches the highest grade (the mildew-proof performance is 0 grade and the corrosion-resistant performance is I grade), the defects of small breadth, weak transverse strength and poor weather-proof durability of the bamboo-wood composite material are obviously overcome, and the requirements of large-scale bamboo-wood structural building engineering materials can be met.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for manufacturing a large-area high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material of the embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparing a bamboo bundle unit: cutting fresh moso bamboo into bamboo tube with length of 1.5m, splitting the bamboo tube into bamboo pieces with width of 25mm by bamboo splitting machine, and rolling into loose bamboo bundles with transverse and longitudinal direction.
(2) Weaving the bamboo curtain unit: weaving the bamboo bundles into a bamboo curtain by using a weaving machine, wherein the distance between the adjacent bamboo bundles is not more than 2mm, and the distance between the adjacent sewing lines is 0.3m, so that the bamboo curtain unit with the length of 2m and the width of 1.5m is obtained.
When the bamboo bundle is adopted to weave the bamboo curtain unit, the large ends and the small ends of the bamboo bundles only need to be matched uniformly, the bamboo chip selecting process is not involved, the production efficiency is higher, and the bamboo curtain unit is more suitable for large-scale production.
(3) Drying the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer unit: and (3) drying the bamboo curtain unit and the eucalyptus veneer with the thickness of 1.5mm, the length of 1m and the width of 1.5m by adopting a conventional kiln dry method, controlling the drying temperature at 80 ℃, and drying the bamboo curtain and the eucalyptus veneer until the final water content is about 12% to obtain the dried bamboo curtain unit and the dried eucalyptus veneer.
(4) High-pressure impregnation treatment: placing the dried bamboo curtain unit and the eucalyptus veneer in a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.07MPa, keeping for 8min, then injecting a mixed treatment liquid to completely soak the bamboo curtain unit and the eucalyptus veneer, and pressurizing to 0.7 MPa; and (3) maintaining the pressure for 15min, then decompressing, carrying out post-vacuum treatment, keeping the vacuum degree at 0.07MPa for 8min, decompressing, and finally taking out the bamboo curtain unit and the laminated wood veneer after the impregnation treatment.
The mixed treatment liquid adopted in the example consists of a phenolic resin adhesive and a high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative, wherein the solid content of the phenolic resin adhesive is 28%, and the mass ratio of the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative to the mixed treatment liquid is 0.04: 1. In the high-efficiency mildew-proof preservative, the organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, the 3-iodine-2-propynyl-butyl carbamate, the propiconazole and the tebuconazole respectively account for 20 percent, 30 percent, 38 percent and 12 percent of the total mass of the mildew-proof preservative.
(5) Drying and balancing the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer: drying the impregnated bamboo curtain and the eucalyptus veneer by a mesh belt type hot air dryer at the drying temperature of 60 ℃; and after drying is finished, balancing the impregnated bamboo curtain and the poplar veneer in a balancing chamber, controlling the temperature of the balancing chamber to be 28 ℃, controlling the relative humidity to be 75%, balancing for 13d, and controlling the air speed in the balancing chamber to be 0.4m/s to obtain the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the eucalyptus veneer after drying and balancing.
(6) Assembly treatment: placing the impregnated bamboo curtain unit and the eucalyptus veneer which are subjected to drying and balancing treatment on a conveyor belt for longitudinal and transverse laminating, grouping and batch treatment; when assembling, the bamboo curtain layers are layered according to the wood veneer layer, the bamboo curtain units of the bamboo curtain layers are longitudinally arranged and connected end to end, the interfaces of the upper and lower adjacent layers are staggered, and the staggered distance between the interfaces of the adjacent bamboo curtain units of the upper and lower adjacent bamboo curtain layers is not less than 30 cm; the number of the plate blank layers follows the odd layer and symmetry assembly principle, the outermost surface, the bottommost layer and the central layer of the plate blank are eucalyptus veneer layers, the arrangement directions of the eucalyptus veneer layers are all longitudinally placed, other bamboo curtain layers and the eucalyptus veneer layers in the plate blank are stacked and assembled according to the principle of wood transverse bamboo longitudinal, 1 transverse eucalyptus veneer layer is placed on every 2 longitudinal bamboo curtain layers, a plate blank structure with bamboo longitudinal wood transverse and upper and lower staggered lap joints is formed in the plate blank, and a plate blank belt with the width of 2m and the length direction capable of being infinitely prolonged is obtained; then, the plate blank strip was cut in the longitudinal direction to obtain a plate blank having a length of 12m and a width of 2 m.
(7) Hot-press forming treatment: and (3) conveying the plate blank and the base plate together into a hot press through a conveying belt to perform hot press molding treatment, wherein the temperature of a hot press core layer is controlled at 140 ℃, the hot press pressure is controlled at 5.5 MPa, and the hot press time is controlled to be 18min after the temperature of the plate blank core layer reaches a set temperature.
(8) And (3) maintenance treatment: stacking the formed slabs after hot press forming, wherein the upper and lower formed slabs are separated by a parting bead with the thickness of 25mm and the width of 35mm during stacking, the formed slabs on the same layer are close to each other, and the gap between the parting beads on the same layer is 40 cm; and placing the formed slab in a balance warehouse for curing for 12 days.
(9) And (3) machining treatment: and after the curing is finished, machining the cured plate blank by using a plate cutting saw, a sliding table saw and the like to obtain the large-area high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material.
The large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material produced by the embodiment has the length of 12m, the width of 2m and the actual density of 1.12g/cm3. Compared with the common recombined bamboo produced by adopting the prior art, the transverse tensile strength of the recombined bamboo is improved by 45 percent, and the mould-proof and corrosion-resistant grade reaches the highest grade (mould-proof)Performance is 0 grade and corrosion resistance is I grade), the defects of small breadth, weak transverse strength and poor weather resistance and durability of the bamboo-wood composite material are obviously improved, and the requirements of large-scale bamboo-wood structural building engineering materials can be met.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A manufacturing method of a large-area high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material for constructional engineering is characterized in that; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers woven by the thin bamboo strips or the bamboo bundles until the water content is within 15%;
s2, placing the dried bamboo curtain unit and the dried wood veneer in a high-pressure impregnation treatment tank, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is 0.02-0.09 MPa, keeping for 5-10 min, adding treatment liquid to completely soak the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer, pressurizing to 0.4-1.0 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10-20 min, then releasing the pressure, vacuumizing again until the vacuum degree is 0.02-0.08 MPa, keeping for 5-10 min, then releasing the pressure, and taking out the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer; the treatment solution comprises a phenolic resin adhesive and a mildew-proof preservative, and the solid content of the phenolic resin adhesive in the treatment solution is 20-30%; the mildew-proof preservative comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25% of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, 25-35% of 3-iodine-2-propynyl-butyl carbamate, 30-40% of propiconazole and 5-20% of tebuconazole; the mass ratio of the mildew-proof preservative to the treatment liquid is 0.001-0.05: 1;
s3, drying the bamboo curtain unit and the wood veneer after the impregnation treatment, and then carrying out balance treatment until the water content is 10-20%;
s4, placing the dried and balanced bamboo curtain units and the wood veneers on a conveyor belt for continuous lengthening and assembly, and cutting when the thickness and the length reach the preset thickness and length to obtain a plate blank; when assembling, the plate blank comprises a plurality of bamboo curtain layers and a plurality of wood veneer layers, the bamboo curtain layers are arranged between the adjacent wood veneer layers, each bamboo curtain layer is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of bamboo curtain units along the direction of a conveyor belt, and each wood veneer layer is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of wood veneers along the direction of the conveyor belt; the fiber direction of the wood veneer inside the plate blank is vertical to the fiber direction of the bamboo curtain units, and the interfaces of the adjacent bamboo curtain units of the adjacent bamboo curtain layers are arranged in a staggered manner;
s5, sequentially carrying out hot press molding and post-treatment on the plate blank to obtain a large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material; during hot press molding, the temperature of a slab core layer is 130-155 ℃, the hot press pressure is 3-10 MPa, and the slab core layer is kept for 5-20 min after the temperature of the slab core layer reaches a set temperature.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, when the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles are woven into the bamboo curtain unit, the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles are sewn in parallel by using the knitting yarn, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is equal to the length of the bamboo skin or the bamboo bundles, the width of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m, and the length of the bamboo curtain unit is 1-3 m; the distance between adjacent thin bamboo strips or bamboo bundles is not more than 2mm, and the distance between adjacent braided wire is 0.3 ~ 0.5 m.
3. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step S1, the preparation method of the bamboo skin includes: cutting fresh moso bamboos into bamboo tubes with the length of 1-3 m, and then cutting the bamboo tubes into thin bamboo strips with the thickness of 1-3 mm in the radial direction or the chord direction;
the preparation method of the bamboo bundle comprises the following steps: the bamboo tube is radially split into bamboo chips with the width of 15-130 mm, and then the bamboo chips are rolled into transversely loose longitudinally-through untwined bamboo bundles.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃; the temperature of the balance treatment is 25-32 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-90%, the treatment time is 10-15 days, and the wind speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, the number of wood veneer layer layers of the slab is not more than 40% of the total number of layers of the slab; the length of the plate blank is 4-15 m, and the width of the plate blank is 1-3 m.
6. The large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material is characterized in that: the large-breadth high-strength weather-resistant bamboo-wood composite material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5 has a density of 0.7 to 1.2g/cm3The length is 4-15 m and the width is 1-3 m.
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Application publication date: 20200421

Assignee: Hunan Qingzhu Huamu Integrated Construction Technology Co.,Ltd.

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Denomination of invention: A large format high-strength weather resistant bamboo wood composite material and its manufacturing method

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